1
|
Fortepiani L, Foutch BK, Wilson MR. The Effects of Sex, Oral Contraception, and Menstrual Cycle Phase on Intraocular Pressure, Central Corneal Thickness, and Foveal Thickness: A Descriptive Analysis. Vision (Basel) 2021; 5:vision5040048. [PMID: 34698316 PMCID: PMC8544721 DOI: 10.3390/vision5040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary goal of this study was to investigate the effects of sex, oral contraceptive (OC) use, and menstrual cycle phase on common ocular parameters assessed during ophthalmic evaluations, namely intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), and foveal thickness (FT), in young healthy adults. We measured IOP, CCT, and FT in 60 participants (16 men, 16 contraceptive users, and 28 cycling women) over two sessions that characterized the menstrual cycle phase in women. For men in our study, two sessions were separated by two weeks. For women, the two sessions were scheduled during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. There was a trend towards higher IOP in men, and the difference was significant for white, non-Hispanic subjects and for white subjects considered separately. There was also a trend for thicker corneas in women, but men had significantly thicker foveae. CCT and FT were not different between men and OC-users, hinting at a moderating hormonal effect of oral contraceptive use. We found that IOP, CCT, and FT were equivalent between the follicular and luteal phases, which may be owing to the timing of our sessions. However, our findings strongly suggest that clinicians should consider contraceptive use during routine ophthalmic evaluations, as it could inform glaucomatous risk in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Fortepiani
- Rosenberg School of Optometry, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (L.F.); (M.R.W.)
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Brian K. Foutch
- Rosenberg School of Optometry, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (L.F.); (M.R.W.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +1-210-930-8162
| | - Molly R. Wilson
- Rosenberg School of Optometry, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (L.F.); (M.R.W.)
- Omni Vision, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Q, Liu W, Wu Y, Ma Y, Zhao G. Central corneal thickness and its relationship to ocular parameters in young adult myopic eyes. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 100:250-254. [PMID: 27757993 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yili Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Guiqiu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nakao Y, Kiuchi Y, Okumichi H. Evaluation of biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure using Corvis ST and comparison of the Corvis ST, noncontact tonometer, and Goldmann applanation tonometer in patients with glaucoma. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238395. [PMID: 32966284 PMCID: PMC7510959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of various anatomical structures on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained by the Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Corvis ST), Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT), and noncontact tonometer (NCT), as well as to assess the interchangeability among the four types of IOP measurement: IOP-GAT, IOP-NCT, IOP-Corvis, and biomechanically corrected IOP (bIOP-Corvis), with a particular focus on bIOP-Corvis. Materials and methods We included 71 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and assessed their IOP measurements obtained with the GAT, NCT, and Corvis ST using a repeated measures ANOVA, a paired t-test with Bonferroni correction, stepwise multiple regression analyses and Bland–Altman plots. Results IOP-GAT showed the highest values (13.5 ± 2.1 mmHg [mean ± standard deviation]), followed by IOP-NCT (13.2 ± 2.7 mmHg), IOP-Corvis (10.6 ± 2.8 mmHg), and bIOP-Corvis (10.0 ± 2.3 mmHg). With exceptions of bIOP-Corvis and IOP-GAT, all IOP variations were explained by regression coefficients involving the central corneal thickness. Bland–Altman plots showed a mean difference between IOP-GAT and the other IOP measurements (IOP-Corvis, bIOP-Corvis, and IOP-NCT), which were -2.90, -3.48, and -0.29 mmHg, respectively. The widths of the 95% limits of agreement between all pairs of IOP measurements were greater than 3 mmHg. Conclusion IOP values obtained with the Corvis ST, NCT, and GAT were not interchangeable. The bIOP-Corvis measurement corrected for the ocular structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Nakao
- Ophthalmology and Visual Science Department, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yoshiaki Kiuchi
- Ophthalmology and Visual Science Department, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideaki Okumichi
- Ophthalmology and Visual Science Department, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
The impact of central corneal thickness on the risk for glaucoma in a large multiethnic population. J Glaucoma 2015; 23:606-12. [PMID: 25055208 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000000088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between central corneal thickness (CCT) and demographics, and determine whether CCT may be a substantial mediator of the relationships between glaucoma and its demographic risk factors. METHODS This cross-sectional study included patients in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California health plan from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2011 who were 40 years and older and had a documented CCT measurement (N=81,082). Those with any cornea-related diagnoses or a history of corneal refractive surgery were excluded. Demographic characteristics, including age, sex, and race/ethnicity, as well as clinical information including glaucoma-related diagnosis, diabetic status, CCT, and intraocular pressure were gathered from the electronic medical record. RESULTS Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that female sex, increased age, and black race were significantly associated with thinner corneas. A subgroup analysis among Asians revealed that Chinese, Japanese, and Koreans had corneas 6 to 13 µm thicker than South and Southeast Asians, Filipinos, and Pacific Islanders for each diagnosis (P<0.001). In our population, 24.5% (N=19878) had some form of open-angle glaucoma; 21.9% (N=17,779) did not have any glaucoma-related diagnosis. Variation in CCT accounted for only 6.68% [95% confidence interval (CI), 6.14%-7.24%] of the increased risk of open-angle glaucoma seen with increasing age, but explained as much as 29.4% (95% CI, 27.0%-32.6%) of the increased risk of glaucoma seen among blacks, and 29.5% (95% CI, 23.5%-37.0%) of the increased risk of glaucoma seen among Hispanics. CONCLUSIONS CCT seems to explain a substantial portion of the increased risk of glaucoma seen among blacks and Hispanics.
Collapse
|
5
|
Galgauskas S, Juodkaite G, Tutkuvienė J. Age-related changes in central corneal thickness in normal eyes among the adult Lithuanian population. Clin Interv Aging 2014; 9:1145-51. [PMID: 25075183 PMCID: PMC4106961 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s61790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to estimate mean central corneal thickness (CCT) and determine whether there are any correlations between CCT, age, and sex in the adult Lithuanian population. Methods A total of 1,650 Caucasians of Lithuanian origin (aged 18–89 years) comprising 688 (41.7%) men and 962 (58.3%) women were examined. Subjects were stratified by age into seven groups. CCT was measured using ultrasonic pachymetry. Correlations between CCT, age, and sex were sought. Results Mean (± standard deviation) CCT for both eyes was 544.6±30.5 μm. Mean CCT was 545.2±30.5 μm in the left eye and 544.6±30.5 μm in the right eye, and was 545.0±25.6 μm in men and 544.4±33.5 μm in women. Mean CCT was 550.8±35.7 μm in subjects aged 18–29 years, 557.5±27.6 μm in those aged 30–39 years, 551.3±31.4 μm in those aged 50–59 years, 544.0±31.4 μm in those aged 50–59 years, 544.2±31.6 μm in those aged 60–79 years, 535.1±27.8 μm in those aged 70–79 years, and 530.1±16.8 μm in those aged 80–89 years. No statistically significant difference in CCT was found between the sexes (P>0.05). However, there was a significant difference in subjects aged 18–29 years; men had higher CCT than women (P<0.05). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between CCT and age (r=-0.263, P<0.05) that was stronger in men (r=-0.406, P<0.05) than in women (r=-0.118, P<0.05). Conclusion The mean CCT in adult Lithuanians was 544.6±30.5 μm, of the left eye 545.2±30.5 μm and of the right – 544.6±30.5 μm. CCT of the right eye was equal to the CCT of both eyes. Mean CCT was 545.0±25.6 μm in men and 544.4±33.5 μm in women. Young men tended to have higher CCT than women. CCT decreases over the lifetime, meaning that older people have thinner corneas. CCT’s dependence on age is stronger in men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saulius Galgauskas
- Center of Eye Diseases, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Anthropology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Grazina Juodkaite
- Center of Eye Diseases, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Anthropology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Janina Tutkuvienė
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Anthropology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hanumunthadu D, Dehabadi MH, Cordeiro MF. Neuroprotection in glaucoma: current and emerging approaches. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/17469899.2014.892415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
7
|
Ortiz S, Mena L, Rio-San Cristobal A, Martin R. Relationships between central and peripheral corneal thickness in different degrees of myopia. JOURNAL OF OPTOMETRY 2014; 7:44-50. [PMID: 24646900 PMCID: PMC3938742 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the relationship between the central corneal thickness (CCT) and mid-peripheral corneal thickness (PCT) with the degree of myopia [axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent refractive error (SE)]. METHODS 175 right myopic eyes from 175 patients were divided according to the degree of SE: group #1 (n=76, <6.00 D), group #2 (n=72, between 6.00 and 12.00 D) and group #3 (n=27, >12.00 D). The CCT and PCT (3mm from the apex to the superior, inferior, nasal and temporal locations) were measured with the Orbscan-II. Relative peripheral index (RPI) was calculated by dividing the PCT by the CCT. The AL was measured with the IOL Master, and the SE was obtained with subjective refraction. RESULTS AL was 25.18±1.16 mm, 26.59±1.26 mm and 29.45±2.58 mm and SE was -3.31±1.40 D, -8.32±1.64 D and -16.44±4.48 D for groups #1, #2 and #3, respectively. Non-statistically significant differences in central and peripheral corneal thickness were found between groups (P>0.05 ANOVA). Non-significant relationship was found between central and peripheral corneal thickness with the AL and SE in the three study groups and in the total sample (r<0.24; P>0.05). The RPI values were similar between groups without significant difference between groups (P>0.05 ANOVA). Linear relationship was found between RPI superior location in group #2 (r=-0.23; P=0.04) and RPI nasal location in group #3 with the EE (r=0.41; P=0.03). CONCLUSION There are no significant differences among low, moderate and extremely myopic eyes related to the CCT and PCT. Corneal thickness is very similar in myopic eyes with small differences that are not clinically relevant to myopic patient management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ortiz
- Optometry Research Group, IOBA-Eye Institute, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Mena
- Optometry Research Group, IOBA-Eye Institute, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana Rio-San Cristobal
- Optometry Research Group, IOBA-Eye Institute, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raul Martin
- Optometry Research Group, IOBA-Eye Institute, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Department of Physics TAO, School of Optometry, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Ruiz-Alcocer J, Madrid-Costa D, Pérez-Vives C, García-Lázaro S, Jorge J. Rebound tonometry for the measurement of intraocular pressure and its relation with gender and refractive errors in Mozambique. THERAPY 2011; 8:555-561. [DOI: 10.2217/thy.11.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
|