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Rao T, Zou W, Hu X, He H, Luo W, You Z. Evaluation of retinal microcirculation alterations using OCTA in hyperopic ametropic amblyopia patients before and after treatment. Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:3075-3085. [PMID: 37081133 PMCID: PMC10400672 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02707-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to compare retinal microcirculation in hyperopic ametropic amblyopia patients before and after treatment and in healthy children using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and to explore the pathogenesis of hyperopic ametropic amblyopia. METHODS Eighteen patients with hyperopic ametropic amblyopia aged 4-8 years were selected as the patient group, and 18 age-matched healthy children were randomly selected as controls. The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, perimeter and circularity, vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) of macular superficial retinal capillary plexus, macular thickness, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness were compared between both groups. After 6 months of amblyopia treatment, the same parameters were measured again. RESULTS The VD and PD in the central, inner, inner nasal, and inner inferior regions in hyperopic ametropic amblyopia were lower than in the control group after adjustment for axial length. After 6 months of treatment, the VD increased significantly, except in the outer nasal and outer inferior regions. The PD in the central (p < 0.001), inner superior (p = 0.001), inner inferior (p = 0.011) and inner temporal (p = 0.026) regions increased. The FAZ perimeter and circularity significantly differed between the groups. After 6 months of treatment, the FAZ area and perimeter decreased, but circularity increased. CONCLUSION Hyperopic ametropic amblyopia eyes showed a significant decrease in vessel and perfusion densities. After amblyopia treatment, the vessel and perfusion densities of patients with hyperopic ametropic amblyopia increased, suggesting that abnormalities in the microvascular system are a pathogenic factor of amblyopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Rao
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wen Zou
- Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoqin Hu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hai He
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhipeng You
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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Chung YW, Shin SY, Yim HB. Macular superficial vascular density on optical coherence tomography angiography in children with unilateral anisometropic and bilateral hyperopic amblyopia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12879. [PMID: 37553433 PMCID: PMC10409713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed whether macular superficial vascular density (SVD) and foveal vascular zone (FAZ) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) can distinguish between bilateral ametropic and anisometropic amblyopia. We included 42, 33, and 50 eyes in the bilateral ametropic amblyopia, anisometropic amblyopia, and normal control groups, respectively. Using macular swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography, we measured and analyzed the superficial FAZ areas and five sectoral macular SVDs after magnification correction. The anisometropic amblyopic eye group showed significantly increased foveal SVDs (p < 0.001) and significantly decreased superficial FAZ areas (p < 0.001), compared with the remaining groups. Additionally, the bilateral ametropic amblyopia group had significantly decreased nasal SVDs. SVDs and superficial FAZ areas differed among hyperopic amblyopia subtypes. These findings may reflect vascular distribution differences and macular changes in hyperopic amblyopia subtypes compared with normal eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Woong Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, College of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Bin Yim
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, College of Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, College of Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, #56 Dongsu-ro, Bupyeong-gu, Seoul, 21431, Republic of Korea.
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Sarıgül Sezenöz A, Oto S, Akça Bayar S, Akkoyun İ, Yılmaz G, Yavuz Çolak M. A variation of foveal morphology in a group of children with hypermetropia. Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:2947-2956. [PMID: 37076654 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE During routine eye examinations, we noticed widened and flattened foveal pits with loss of normal V-shaped foveal profile and a pseudohole-like appearance in some otherwise healthy hypermetropic children. Our purpose was to describe clinical significance and multimodal imaging features of this incidental finding. METHODS Prospectively, 25 eyes of 13 hypermetropic children with these foveal changes and 36 eyes of 19 hypermetropic children with normal foveal appearance were enrolled. The macular thickness measurements and foveal parameters including pit diameter, depth, base, and area obtained by optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Heidelberg Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany), macular superficial and deep vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone values obtained by optical coherence tomography angiography (Avanti RTVue‑XR; Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA) were noted. The correlations of these parameters with visual function were evaluated. RESULTS In the study group, significantly widened and flattened pit contours with decreased central foveal thickness (p = 0.01), and increased distance between foveal edges (p < 0.001) were observed. While the whole image superficial macular VD was similar between the groups (p = 0.74), a significant decrease in deep macular VD was observed in the study group (p = 0.01). None of these changes were correlated with visual acuity. CONCLUSION Wider and flattened foveal pits described here represent a newly defined variation in healthy hypermetropic children. Although a correlation with visual acuity was not evident, these changes in foveal profile are shown to be related with macular microvascular changes in deep capillary plexus. Awareness of these morphologic changes will help clinicians in the differential diagnosis of macular pseudohole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almila Sarıgül Sezenöz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Mareşal Fevzi Çakmak Caddesi 53. Sokak, No: 48, 06490, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sibel Oto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Mareşal Fevzi Çakmak Caddesi 53. Sokak, No: 48, 06490, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sezin Akça Bayar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Mareşal Fevzi Çakmak Caddesi 53. Sokak, No: 48, 06490, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İmren Akkoyun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Mareşal Fevzi Çakmak Caddesi 53. Sokak, No: 48, 06490, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gürsel Yılmaz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Mareşal Fevzi Çakmak Caddesi 53. Sokak, No: 48, 06490, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
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Feng K, Yu X, Zhang J, Yang Z, Chen X, Kang G. Evaluation of Retinal Microvascular Features in Patients with Amblyopia Based on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ophthalmic Res 2023; 66:862-877. [PMID: 36917963 DOI: 10.1159/000529857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The performance of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in macular microvasculature of patients with amblyopia has been widely studied, but these studies have yielded different and controversial results. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to investigate retinal microvascular features in patients with amblyopia undergoing OCTA. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for published articles comparing the retinal microvascular features between individuals with amblyopia and controls until April 2022. The mean difference with a 95% confidence interval was used to assess continuous variables. RESULTS The analysis included 17 studies. The whole vessel density of the superficial capillary plexus (SCPVD) was lower in amblyopic eyes (AE) than in normal eyes (NE) in 3 × 3 mm2 scans, while the perifoveal vessel density of superficial and deep capillary plexus was lower in 6 × 6 mm2 scans. The whole, parafoveal vessel density of deep capillary plexus (DCPVD) and parafoveal SCPVD were lower in both scans. The comparison between AE and fellow eyes (FE) revealed no statistical difference in all quadrants except the parafoveal and perifoveal SCPVD and the foveal DCPVD. Additionally, SCPVD in all quadrants except the fovea and DCPVD in all quadrants except the parafoveal were higher in FE compared to NE. No significant difference was found in the foveal avascular area between AE and NE, AE and FE, or NE and FE. CONCLUSIONS The retinal vessel density of superficial and deep capillary plexus in AE and FE was lower than in NE, and differences were more likely discovered using 6 × 6 mm2 scans. Consequently, OCTA might be explored as a diagnostic tool to identify and monitor patients with amblyopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangchun Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xuelin Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingyue Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhenghua Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Gangjing Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Yang CC, Ji KB, Yu YF. Analysis of Retinal Microvasculature Features in Amblyopic Eyes: A Meta-Analysis. Ophthalmic Res 2022; 66:131-143. [PMID: 35998587 DOI: 10.1159/000526531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amblyopia is a common cause of visual disorder with several changes in retinal structure and vessel. To date, alterations in retinal microvasculature features in amblyopia have yielded inconsistent results. OBJECTIVES This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate retinal vessel density (VD) in amblyopic patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for published articles comparing retinal microvasculature characteristics in patients with amblyopia and controls. Continuous variable outcomes were assessed using the mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval. Review Manager Version 5.30 was used for the analysis. RESULTS Thirteen qualified articles were pooled in this meta-analysis. Compared with controls, the foveal whole en face VD of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) of patients as measured by 3 × 3-mm scans were significantly lower in amblyopia eyes (MD: -1.37, p = 0.0003; MD: 1.70, p < 0.00001, respectively). Similarly, in the 6 × 6-mm scans, foveal whole en face VD of the SCP and DCP were remarkably lower in amblyopia eyes than in controls (MD: -2.24, p = 0.03; MD: -5.08, p = 0.04, respectively). The parafoveal VD of SCP in 3 × 3-mm scans (MD: -1.96, p < 0.00001) was also lower in amblyopic patients than in controls. Similarly, in 6 × 6-mm scans, amblyopia eyes showed a significant decrease and a trending decrease in the parafoveal VD of the SCP (MD: -3.85, p = 0.007) and DCP (MD: -3.03, p = 0.10), respectively. For whole radial peripapillary capillary (RPC), VD was significantly reduced in amblyopic patients compared to controls (MD = -0.83, p < 0.00001). In addition, the deep foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was larger in amblyopic eyes than in the controls (MD = 0.55, p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that whole foveal and parafoveal VD and RPC whole VD were reduced in patients with amblyopia. Moreover, our results reveal that the FAZ is larger in amblyopic patients. Consequently, OCTA may have the potential for diagnosing and monitoring patients with amblyopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Chao Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai-Bao Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,
| | - Yi-Feng Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Lu H, Zhang T, Yue T, Li X, Ma B, Liu H. Analysis of Optic Nerve in Adults With Amblyopia Using OCTA. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:903228. [PMID: 35911423 PMCID: PMC9330213 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.903228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim was to quantify and compare papillary and peripapillary vessel density in amblyopic eyes of adults and age-matched controls. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 20 eyes from 10 subjects with anisometropic amblyopia and 12 eyes of 6 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was performed on all participants. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis. Results The mean subject age was 35.7 ± 10.04 years (range 18–47) in the amblyopia group and 34.67 ± 6.92 years (range 23–42) in the control group. The diopter of amblyopia ranges from +3 to +5 ds. The mean inside optic disk capillary vessel density (CVD) was 41.88 ± 6.55% in amblyopic eyes, 49.23 ± 6.55% in fellow eyes, and 50.23 ± 4% in control eyes (p < 0.05). The mean inside optic disk all vessel density (AVD) was 52.97 ± 6.71% in amblyopic eyes, 59.87 ± 4.59% in fellow eyes, and 60.45 ± 2.8% in control eyes (p < 0.05). The amblyopic eye of participants showed a decrease in vessel density in the inside optic disk than in the fellow eyes and healthy subjects. Conclusion Our present study revealed lower vessel density inside the optic disc of adult patients with anisometropic amblyopia. However, further studies are really needed to determine the clinical relevance of this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Tonggang Zhang
- Department of Medical Device, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Tao Yue
- Department of Gerontology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Bingfen Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
- *Correspondence: Hongxia Liu
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Ma JP, Robbins CB, Stinnett SS, Johnson KG, Scott BL, Grewal DS, Fekrat S. Repeatability of Peripapillary OCT Angiography in Neurodegenerative Disease. OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE 2021; 1:100075. [PMID: 36246947 PMCID: PMC9559083 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2021.100075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To assess the repeatability of peripapillary OCT angiography (OCTA) in those with Alzheimer disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Parkinson disease (PD), or normal cognition. Design Cross-sectional. Participants Patients with a clinical diagnosis of AD, MCI, PD, or normal cognition were imaged. Those with glaucoma, diabetes mellitus, vitreoretinal pathology, and poor-quality images were excluded. Methods Each eligible eye of each participant underwent 2 OCTA 4.5 × 4.5-mm peripapillary scans in a single session using a Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 with AngioPlex (Carl Zeiss Meditec). The Zeiss software (v11.0.0.29946) quantified measures of perfusion in the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) plexus in 4 sectors (superior, nasal, inferior, temporal). The average of these sectors was calculated and reported. Main Outcome Measures Radial peripapillary capillary plexus perfusion was quantified using 2 parameters: capillary perfusion density (CPD) and capillary flux index (CFI). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to quantify repeatability. For subjects who had both eyes included, the average values of each scan pair were used to assess interocular symmetry of CPD and CFI. Results Of 374 eyes, 46 were from participants who had AD, 85 were from participants who had MCI, 87 were from participants who had PD, and 156 were from participants who had normal cognition. Capillary perfusion density ICC in AD = 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79–0.93), MCI = 0.95 (0.92–0.96), PD = 0.91 (0.87–0.94), and controls = 0.90 (0.87–0.93). Capillary flux index ICC in AD = 0.82 (0.70–0.90), MCI = 0.87 (0.80–0.91), PD = 0.91 (0.87–0.94) and controls = 0.85 (0.79–0.89). There were no significant differences in interocular variation in average CPD and CFI in AD, MCI, or PD (all P > 0.05). Isolated interocular sectoral CPD differences were noted in AD (nasal, P = 0.049; temporal, P = 0.024), PD (nasal, P = 0.036), and controls (nasal, P = 0.016). Interocular differences in CFI in the superior sector in MCI (P = 0.028) and in average CFI for controls (P = 0.035) were observed. Conclusions Peripapillary OCTA repeatability in AD, MCI, and PD is good-excellent and similar to those with normal cognition. Insignificant interocular asymmetry in peripapillary OCTA suggests neurodegeneration may proceed uniformly; future studies may reveal the appropriateness of single-eye imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin P. Ma
- iMIND Research Group, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Cason B. Robbins
- iMIND Research Group, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sandra S. Stinnett
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kim G. Johnson
- iMIND Research Group, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Burton L. Scott
- iMIND Research Group, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Dilraj S. Grewal
- iMIND Research Group, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Correspondence: Dilraj S. Grewal, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710.
| | - Sharon Fekrat
- iMIND Research Group, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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Pujari A, Saluja G, Chawla R, Samdani A, Phuljhele S, Saxena R. Optical coherence tomography angiography in amblyopia: A critical update on current understandings and future perspectives. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:1324-1332. [PMID: 34472984 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211042554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive tool to assess the retino-choroidal vasculature in vivo. It tracks the red blood cell movement and maps the vasculature in quick succession. In routine, diabetic retinopathy, age related macular degeneration, central serous chorioretinopathy, and others are commonly being studied to unveil its clinic role. On the other hand, amblyopia is a condition where the visual acuity is subnormal due to non-organic causes in the eye. But the OCTA studies till now have shown variable changes along retino-choroidal vasculature. Hence, to comprehend the existing literature knowledge, a systematic literature search was carried out and the original works describing novel findings in amblyopic eyes on OCTA were included. Upon detailed assessment, firstly, the disturbed vasculature along superficial retinal plexus, deeper retinal plexus, and choroidal plexus were evident in most untreated amblyopic eyes. However, such changes were not uniform, which is due to noted heterogenic patient profile, small sample size, biometric biases, non-uniform algorithms, and other factors. And to note, even in presence of such diverse changes, almost all the authors stated a plausible explanation for their notable changes. Secondly, the utility of OCTA in identifying vascular changes with standard treatments and segregation of visual beneficiaries from non-beneficiaries were possible. Hence, to conclude, OCTA is a valuable tool which can provide valuable useful insights into the amblyopic eyes during pre and post treatment periods. However, to gather more concrete evidence for clinical benefits, systematic, homogenous, and better structured clinical studies are mandated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Pujari
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gunjan Saluja
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohan Chawla
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Asha Samdani
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Phuljhele
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Saxena
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Remolí Sargues L, Monferrer Adsuara C, Castro Navarro V, Navarro Palop C, Montero Hernández J, Soler Sanchis MI, Cervera Taulet E. Quantitative analysis of retinal and choroidal vasculature in patients with chorioretinal folds secondary to hyperopia. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:1694-1701. [PMID: 34308685 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211035618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a lack of information on quantitative parameters of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in cases of chorioretinal folds (CRF). The aim of this study was to compare OCTA retinal and choriocapillary vessel density (VD) between normal subjects and patients with CRF. METHODS We conducted an observational retrospective study. A total of 16 eyes of eight patients were recruited (eight eyes with CRF and eight control eyes). Data on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive error, central macular thickness (CMT), central subfoveal thickness (CST), and OCTA findings (VD and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in superficial capillary plexus (SCP), middle capillary plexus (MCP), and deep capillary plexus (DCP), and VD in choriocapillaris (CC)) were recorded in each eye. RESULTS Compared with control group, CRF group showed decreased VD in the foveal region of SCP and MCP (p value 0.003 and 0.001), and increased VD in nasal region of SCP and MCP (p value 0.02 and 0.001), and in parafoveal area of MCP (p value 0.005). No differences were found in DCP and CC layers. Furthermore, we observed an enlargement of FAZ in CRF group at SCP and MCP slabs (p value <0.001 and 0.015). Respect to optical coherence tomography parameters, we demonstrated a thicker choroid in the CRF group (p value 0.002). CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reported in the literature quantifying VD of retinal capillary plexus and CC in a group of patients with a diagnosis of CRF secondary to hyperopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Remolí Sargues
- Department of Ophthalmology, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Clara Monferrer Adsuara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Verónica Castro Navarro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Catalina Navarro Palop
- Department of Ophthalmology, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Montero Hernández
- Department of Ophthalmology, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Cervera Taulet
- Department of Ophthalmology, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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