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Alsolami M, Aboalola D, Malibari D, Alghamdi T, Alshekhi W, Jad H, Rumbold-Hall R, Altowairqi AS, Bell SM, Alsiary RA. The emerging role of MCPH1/BRIT1 in carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1047588. [PMID: 36845691 PMCID: PMC9951231 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1047588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The MCPH1 gene, also known as BRCT-repeat inhibitor of hTERT expression (BRIT1), has three BRCA1 carboxyl-terminal domains which is an important regulator of DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoints and chromosome condensation. MCPH1/BRIT1 is also known as a tumour suppressor in different types of human cancer. The expression level of the MCPH1/BRIT1 gene is decreased at the DNA, RNA or protein level in a number of types of cancers including breast cancer, lung cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer and ovarian cancer compared to normal tissue. This review also showed that deregulation of MCPH1/BRIT1 is significantly associated with reduced overall survival in 57% (12/21) and relapsed free survival in 33% (7/21) of cancer types especially in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and renal clear cell carcinoma. A common finding of this study is that the loss of MCPH1/BRIT1 gene expression plays a key role in promoting genome instability and mutations supporting its function as a tumour suppressor gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Alsolami
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Aboalola
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dolal Malibari
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Alghamdi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa Alshekhi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Jad
- Oncology Department, Princess Nourah Cancer Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rea Rumbold-Hall
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research (LIMR), St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ahlam S. Altowairqi
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research (LIMR), St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra M. Bell
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research (LIMR), St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Rawiah Abdullah Alsiary
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Rawiah Abdullah Alsiary,
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Yuan J, Jiang X, Lan H, Zhang X, Ding T, Yang F, Zeng D, Yong J, Niu B, Xiao S. Multi-Omics Analysis of the Therapeutic Value of MAL2 Based on Data Mining in Human Cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:736649. [PMID: 35111745 PMCID: PMC8803135 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.736649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that T-cell differentiation protein 2 (MAL2) is an important regulator in cancers. Here, we downloaded data from multiple databases to analyze MAL2 expression and function in pan-cancers, especially in ovarian cancer (OC). Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases was used to examine MAL2 expression in 13 types of cancer. Kaplan–Meier plotter database was used to analyze the overall survival rate of MAL2 in pan-cancers. The Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC), cBioPortal, and UCSC databases were used to examine MAL2 mutation in human cancers. Metascape, STRING, and GeneMANIA websites were used to explore MAL2 function in OC. Furthermore, ggplot2 package and ROC package were performed to analyze hub gene expression and undertake receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Drug sensitivity of MAL2 in OC was examined by the GSCALite database. In order to verify the results from databases above, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were conducted to detect the expression of MAL2 in OC cells. CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to knockout the MAL2 gene in the OC cell lines HO8910 and OVCAR3, using specific guide RNA targeting the exons of MAL2. Then, we performed proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion assays to investigate the impact of MAL2 in OC cell lines in vivo and in vitro. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated biomarkers were significantly altered in vitro via western blotting and qRT-PCR. Taken together, we observed that MAL2 was remarkably dysregulated in multiple cancers and was related to patient overall survival (OS), mutation, and drug sensitivity. Furthermore, experimental results showed that MAL2 deletion negatively regulated the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of OC, indicating that MAL2 is a novel oncogene that can activate EMT, significantly promote both the proliferation and migration of OC in vitro and in vivo, and provide new clues for treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Lan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyi Ding
- School of Life Science and Technology, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da Zeng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiahui Yong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beibei Niu
- Scientific Research Center, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Beibei Niu, ; Songshu Xiao,
| | - Songshu Xiao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Beibei Niu, ; Songshu Xiao,
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Li Q, Zeng Y, Wang J, Fang H, Guo J, Yu L, Zhong T, Xu C, Freedman M, LaFramboise T. Exonic variants undergoing allele-specific selection in cancers. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:142. [PMID: 34059054 PMCID: PMC8166126 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-00984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allelic imbalance (AI) in tumors is caused by chromosomal and sub-chromosomal gains and losses. RESULTS We evaluated AI at 109,086 germline exonic SNP loci in four cancer types, and identified a set of SNPs that demonstrate strong tumor allele specificity in AI events. Further analyses demonstrated that these alleles show consistently different frequencies in the cancer population compared to the healthy population and are significantly enriched for predicted protein-damaging variants. Moreover, genes harboring SNPs that demonstrate allele specificity are enriched for cancer-related biological processes and are more likely to be essential in cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study provides a unique and complementary method to identify genes and variants that are relevant to carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Li
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chong Qing, China
| | - Janet Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44122, USA
| | - Hongkun Fang
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jintao Guo
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Liying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Taoling Zhong
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Chaoqun Xu
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Matthew Freedman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas LaFramboise
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44122, USA.
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Lee SA, Lee KH, Kim H, Cho JY. METTL8 mRNA Methyltransferase Enhances Cancer Cell Migration via Direct Binding to ARID1A. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115432. [PMID: 34063990 PMCID: PMC8196784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of RNA modification in cancer has recently been highlighted. Methyltransferase like 8 (METTL8) is an enzyme and its role in mRNA m3C modification has barely been studied. In this study, we found that METTL8 expression was significantly up-regulated in canine mammary tumor and investigated its functional roles in the tumor process, including cancer cell proliferation and migration. METTL8 expression was up-regulated in most human breast cancer cell lines tested and decreased by Yin Yang 1 (YY1) transcription factor knockdown, suggesting that YY1 is a regulating transcription factor. The knockdown of METTL8 attenuated tumor cell growth and strongly blocked tumor cell migration. AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) was identified as a candidate mRNA by METTL8. ARID1A mRNA binds to METTL8 protein. ARID1A mRNA expression was not changed by METTL8 knockdown, but ARID1A protein level was significantly increased. Collectively, our study indicates that METTL8 up-regulated by YY1 in breast cancer plays an important role in cancer cell migration through the mRNA modification of ARID1A, resulting in the attenuation of its translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-02-880-1268; Fax: +82-02-886-1268
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Xia H, Hu F, Pan L, Xu C, Huang H, Chen S, Ma H. FAM196B promotes proliferation and migration via regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition in esophageal cancer. Cancer Biomark 2021; 31:39-46. [PMID: 33749638 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-203023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND EC (esophageal cancer) is a common cancer among people in the world. The molecular mechanism of FAM196B (family with sequence similarity 196 member B) in EC is still unclear. This article aimed to clarify the role of FAM196B in EC. METHODS The expression of FAM196B in EC tissues was detected using qRT-PCR. The prognosis of FAM196B in EC patients was determined by log-rank kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, shRNA was used to knockdown the expression of FAM196B in EC cell lines. MTT, wound healing assays and western blot were used to determine the role of FAM196B in EC cells. RESULTS In our research, we found that the expression of FAM196B was up-regulated in EC tissues. The increased expression of FAM196B was significantly correlated with differentiation, lymph node metastasis, stage, and poor survival. The proliferation and migration of EC cells were inhibited after FAM196B-shRNA transfection in vitro and vivo. The western blot result showed that FAM196B could regulate EMT. CONCLUSION These results suggested that FAM196B severs as an oncogene and promotes cell proliferation and migration in EC. In addition, FAM196B may be a potential therapeutic target for EC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Xia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Suzhou Dushuhu Public Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Suzhou Kintor Pharmaceutical Limited, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangbin Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengcheng Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haitao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaomu Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Zhou X, Zhi Y, Yu J, Xu D. The Yin and Yang of Autosomal Recessive Primary Microcephaly Genes: Insights from Neurogenesis and Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051691. [PMID: 32121580 PMCID: PMC7084222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The stem cells of neurogenesis and carcinogenesis share many properties, including proliferative rate, an extensive replicative potential, the potential to generate different cell types of a given tissue, and an ability to independently migrate to a damaged area. This is also evidenced by the common molecular principles regulating key processes associated with cell division and apoptosis. Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a neurogenic mitotic disorder that is characterized by decreased brain size and mental retardation. Until now, a total of 25 genes have been identified that are known to be associated with MCPH. The inactivation (yin) of most MCPH genes leads to neurogenesis defects, while the upregulation (yang) of some MCPH genes is associated with different kinds of carcinogenesis. Here, we try to summarize the roles of MCPH genes in these two diseases and explore the underlying mechanisms, which will help us to explore new, attractive approaches to targeting tumor cells that are resistant to the current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Zhou
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yiqiang Zhi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jurui Yu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Dan Xu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Institute of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Y.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-17085937559
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Modulation of proliferation factors in lung adenocarcinoma with an analysis of the transcriptional consequences of genomic EGFR activation. Oncotarget 2019; 10:6913-6933. [PMID: 31857847 PMCID: PMC6916753 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genes of the pre-replication, pre-initiation and replisome complexes duplicate the genome from many sites once in a normal cell cycle. This study examines complex components in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) closely, correlating changes in the genome and transcriptome with proliferation and overall survival. Molecular subtypes (The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), 2014) based on copy number, DNA methylation, and mRNA expression had variable proliferation levels, the highest correlating with decreased survival. A pattern of increased expression typified by POLE2 and POLQ was found for multiple replication factors over thirty-seven tumor types. EGFR altered cases unanticipatedly inversely correlated with proliferation factor expression in LUAD, Colon adenocarcinoma, and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia cell lines, but not in glioblastoma or breast cancer. Activation mutations did not uniformly correlate with proliferation, most cases were pre-metastatic. A gene expression profile was identified, and pathway involvement considered. Significantly, results suggest EGFR over expression and activation are early alterations that likely stall the replication complex through PCNA phosphorylation creating replication stress responsible for DNA damage response and further mutation, but does not promote increased proliferation itself. An argument is presented that the mechanism driving lethality in this tumor cohort could differ from over proliferation seen in other LUAD.
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Bhandari A, Shen Y, Sindan N, Xia E, Gautam B, Lv S, Zhang X. MAL2 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion through regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:434-439. [PMID: 30195491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of breast cancer are still far to clear. With the development of sequencing technology, we discovered that MAL2 is overexpressed in tumor tissues. But the major function of MAL2 in breast cancer has not to be well confirmed. MATERIALS AND METHODS We downloaded and analyzed the MAL2 expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to detect the expression of MAL2 in 35 breast cancer patients. Then, we performed proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion and western blot assays to investigate the role of MAL2 in breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and BT-549). RESULTS In our research, we found that MAL2 is remarkably overexpressed in breast cancer tissues compared to adjacent non-cancer tissues by RT-qPCR (T: N = 5.28 ± 4.34:1.82 ± 1.11, P < 0.001) and high expression of MAL2 has worse overall survival in TCGA cohort (P = 0.0032). Knocked down MAL2 could decrease the ability of proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cell lines. Our Western Blot assay results investigated that MAL2 could regulate EMT. CONCLUSION In this study, we demonstrated the function of MAL2 in breast cancer cell lines and it might act as an oncogene in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adheesh Bhandari
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, PR China
| | - Yanyan Shen
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, PR China
| | - Namita Sindan
- Department of Reproductive Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, PR China
| | - Erjie Xia
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, PR China
| | - Bishnu Gautam
- School of International Studies, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, PR China
| | - Shixu Lv
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, PR China.
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, PR China.
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