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Malathi N, Rajan ST, Warnakulasuriya S. Natural products and diet for the prevention of oral cancer: Research from south and southeast Asia. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38804557 DOI: 10.1111/odi.15002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are of prime importance in the discovery of drugs. They are an inherent source of naturally available phytochemicals that can help in the prevention and treatment of several diseases including cancer. This article reviews the experimental and clinical evidence of phytochemicals available in natural dietary products that are used in everyday life across South Asia and South-East Asia for their perceived effectiveness in the management of Potentially Malignant Disorders and prevention of Oral Cancer. The review also highlights the active phytometabolites, their in vitro anti-proliferative properties and targeted signalling pathways, biological activities in in vivo models and translative potential for clinical trials in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Malathi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Dental College & Hospital, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sharada T Rajan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Dental College & Hospital, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, London, UK
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Burcher JT, DeLiberto LK, Allen AM, Kilpatrick KL, Bishayee A. Bioactive phytocompounds for oral cancer prevention and treatment: A comprehensive and critical evaluation. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:2025-2085. [PMID: 37143373 DOI: 10.1002/med.21969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The high incidence of oral cancer combined with excessive treatment cost underscores the need for novel oral cancer preventive and therapeutic options. The value of natural agents, including plant secondary metabolites (phytochemicals), in preventing carcinogenesis and representing expansive source of anticancer drugs have been established. While fragmentary research data are available on antioral cancer effects of phytochemicals, a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the potential of these agents for the prevention and intervention of human oral malignancies has not been conducted according to our knowledge. This study presents a complete and critical analysis of current preclinical and clinical results on the prevention and treatment of oral cancer using phytochemicals. Our in-depth analysis highlights anticancer effects of various phytochemicals, such as phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur-containing compounds, against numerous oral cancer cells and/or in vivo oral cancer models by antiproliferative, proapoptotic, cell cycle-regulatory, antiinvasive, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic effects. Bioactive phytochemicals exert their antineoplastic effects by modulating various signaling pathways, specifically involving the epidermal growth factor receptor, cytokine receptors, toll-like receptors, and tumor necrosis factor receptor and consequently alter the expression of downstream genes and proteins. Interestingly, phytochemicals demonstrate encouraging effects in clinical trials, such as reduction of oral lesion size, cell growth, pain score, and development of new lesions. While most phytochemicals displayed minimal toxicity, concerns with bioavailability may limit their clinical application. Future directions for research include more in-depth mechanistic in vivo studies, administration of phytochemicals using novel formulations, investigation of phytocompounds as adjuvants to conventional treatment, and randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack T Burcher
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Lindsay K DeLiberto
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Andrea M Allen
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Kaitlyn L Kilpatrick
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
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Wang S, Cui Q, Chen X, Zhu X, Lin K, Zheng Q, Wang Y, Li D. Ailanthone Inhibits Cell Proliferation in Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma via PI3K/AKT Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:3859489. [PMID: 36387351 PMCID: PMC9643058 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3859489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most widespread and invasive subtype of oral cancer with high recurrence rates. Ailanthone (AIL) is an active ingredient in the plant extracts of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle. Here, we showed that AIL inhibited the proliferation of human TSCC, the cell viability of Cal-27 and Tca8113 was significantly decreased after AIL treatment for 24 h. Hoechst 33258 staining demonstrated apoptotic characteristics (such as chromatin aggregation) after AIL treatment. The ratio of early- and late-apoptotic cells in AIL-treated Cal-27 and TCA8113 cells increased remarkably when compared with the control group. Bcl-2/Bax ratio and the levels of PARP1, caspase-9, and caspase-3 decreased after AIL treatment, accompanied by significant increase of cleaved PARP1, cleaved caspase-9, and caspase-3 in Cal-27 and TCA8113 cells. Meanwhile, AIL led to Cal-27 cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Western blot implied decreased levels of CDK1 and cyclin B1 after AIL treatment. The level of phospho-PI3K p55 subunit and p-Akt were significantly downregulated by AIL in both Cal-27 and TCA8113 cells. These findings implied the potential applications of AIL in the treatment of human TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Platform for Modernization and Industrialization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
- College of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
- College of Stomatology, Qilu Medical University, Zibo 255300, Shandong, China
| | - Qixiao Cui
- College of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Platform for Modernization and Industrialization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Xuejie Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Platform for Modernization and Industrialization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Kehao Lin
- College of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Platform for Modernization and Industrialization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Yuliang Wang
- College of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, Shandong, China
| | - Defang Li
- Collaborative Innovation Platform for Modernization and Industrialization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
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Guo Z, Zhang Y. Allicin promotes autophagy and ferroptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by activating AMPK/mTOR signaling. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11005. [PMID: 36311361 PMCID: PMC9615361 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The antitumor effects of allicin have been demonstrated in various cancers. However, whether allicin improves esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not yet been explored. The present study aimed to explore the function and underlying mechanism of action of allicin in ESCC treatment. Our data showed that allicin significantly suppressed ESCC cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. A green fluorescent protein-light chain 3 (LC3) transfection assay showed that autophagosomes were elevated in ESCC cells treated with allicin compared with control ESCC cells and that 3-methyladenine (an autophagy inhibitor) reversed allicin-induced LC3 puncta. Furthermore, allicin significantly elevated the ratio of LC3II/LC3I but decreased p62 expression in ESCC cells. Allicin also increased adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation but decreased that of the mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR), which then induced the elevation of autophagy-related 5 and autophagy-related 7 proteins in ESCC cells. Furthermore, allicin treatment increased the expression of nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (a selective cargo receptor) but suppressed the expression of ferritin heavy chain 1 (the major intracellular iron-storage protein) in ESCC cells and elevated malondialdehyde and Fe2+ production levels. In vivo assays showed that allicin significantly decreased tumor weight and volume. In summary, allicin may induce cell death in ESCC cells by activating AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy and ferroptosis. Therefore, allicin may have excellent potential for use in the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanfang Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, No. 826, Southwest Road, Hekou District, Dalian City, 116023, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yanjiao Zhang
- The Third Department of Cadres, 967 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, No. 80 Shengli Road, Xigang District, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning Province, China
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Xie W, Chang W, Wang X, Liu F, Wang X, Yuan D, Zhang Y. Allicin Inhibits Osteosarcoma Growth by Promoting Oxidative Stress and Autophagy via the Inactivation of the lncRNA MALAT1-miR-376a-Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4857814. [PMID: 35783190 PMCID: PMC9249524 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4857814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Allicin, an organic sulfur compound extracted from the bulb of Allium sativum, can potentially prevent various tumors. Our previous study found that allicin can effectively suppress the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. However, the molecular mechanisms have not been illustrated. In this study, Saos-2 and U2OS osteosarcoma cells were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms. A series of experiments were carried out to authenticate the anticancer property of allicin. Knockdown of lncRNA MALAT1 inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration and promoted apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. Knockdown of miR-376a increased the proliferation, invasion, and migration and dropped apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, knockdown of miR-376a reversed the influences of MALAT1 silencing in osteosarcoma cells. Based on our data, MALAT1 could downregulate the expression of miR-376a, subsequently accelerating osteosarcoma. Moreover, oxidative stress and autophagy were identified as the potential key pathway of allicin. Allicin inhibited osteosarcoma growth and promoted oxidative stress and autophagy via MALATI-miR-376a. We also found that allicin promotes oxidative stress and autophagy to inhibit osteosarcoma growth by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in vivo and in vitro. All data showed that allicin promotes oxidative stress and autophagy of osteosarcoma via the MALATI-miR-376a-Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China
| | - Wenjie Chang
- First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China
| | - Xiaole Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China
| | - Fei Liu
- First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China
| | - Xu Wang
- First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China
| | - Daotong Yuan
- First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China
| | - Yongkui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China
- Shandong Fupai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China
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Role of Plant-Derived Active Constituents in Cancer Treatment and Their Mechanisms of Action. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081326. [PMID: 35456005 PMCID: PMC9031068 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant technological advancements in conventional therapies, cancer remains one of the main causes of death worldwide. Although substantial progress has been made in the control and treatment of cancer, several limitations still exist, and there is scope for further advancements. Several adverse effects are associated with modern chemotherapy that hinder cancer treatment and lead to other critical disorders. Since ancient times, plant-based medicines have been employed in clinical practice and have yielded good results with few side effects. The modern research system and advanced screening techniques for plants’ bioactive constituents have enabled phytochemical discovery for the prevention and treatment of challenging diseases such as cancer. Phytochemicals such as vincristine, vinblastine, paclitaxel, curcumin, colchicine, and lycopene have shown promising anticancer effects. Discovery of more plant-derived bioactive compounds should be encouraged via the exploitation of advanced and innovative research techniques, to prevent and treat advanced-stage cancers without causing significant adverse effects. This review highlights numerous plant-derived bioactive molecules that have shown potential as anticancer agents and their probable mechanisms of action and provides an overview of in vitro, in vivo and clinical trial studies on anticancer phytochemicals.
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Gao J, Song G, Shen H, Wu Y, Zhao C, Zhang Z, Jiang Q, Li X, Ma X, Tan B, Yin Y. Allicin Improves Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function and Prevents LPS-Induced Barrier Damages of Intestinal Epithelial Cell Monolayers. Front Immunol 2022; 13:847861. [PMID: 35185936 PMCID: PMC8854216 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.847861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut barrier disruption is the initial pathogenesis of various diseases. We previously reported that dietary allicin improves tight junction proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum stressed jejunum. However, whether the allicin benefits the gut barrier within mycotoxin or endotoxin exposure is unknown. In the present study, IPEC-J2 cell monolayers within or without deoxynivalenol (DON) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenges were employed to investigate the effects of allicin on intestinal barrier function and explore the potential mechanisms. Results clarified that allicin at 2 μg/mL increased the viability, whereas the allicin higher than 10 μg/mL lowered the viability of IPEC-J2 cells via inhibiting cell proliferation. Besides, allicin increased trans-epithelial electric resistance (TEER), decreased paracellular permeability, and enhanced ZO-1 integrity of the IPEC-J2 cell monolayers. Finally, allicin supplementation prevented the LPS-induced barrier damages via activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway-dependent antioxidant system. In conclusion, the present study strongly confirmed allicin as an effective nutrient to improve intestinal barrier function and prevent bacterial endotoxin-induced barrier damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxia Gao
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Guanzhong Song
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Haibo Shen
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiming Wu
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Chongqi Zhao
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Jiang,
| | - Xilong Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaokang Ma
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Bie Tan
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
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Anticancer potential of allicin: A review. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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In vitro neuroprotective effects of allicin on Alzheimer’s disease model of neuroblastoma cell line. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.1068336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Zhang J, Wang L, Xie X. RFC4 promotes the progression and growth of Oral Tongue squamous cell carcinoma in vivo and vitro. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23761. [PMID: 33783864 PMCID: PMC8128301 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Currently, many studies have found that RFC4 was up-regulated in various cancers, and related to the progression and development. While the effects of RFC4 in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma remain unclear, the main purpose of this research is to explore the role of RFC4 in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS The expression of RFC4 in various cancers was analyzed in GEPIA database, and the results were further verified by IHC assay. The relationship between RFC4 and several clinical parameters was analyzed; the proliferation was further observed by knockdown RFC4 in vitro. Finally, we constructed related nude mouse models by planting cells subcutaneous of nude mice, and the discrepancy was observed. RESULTS Based on GEPIA database, RFC4 was up-regulated in various cancers, including colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and liver cancer. RFC4 was up-regulated in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma compared with the normal tissue from GEPIA online database; we further found that the expression of RFC4 was tightly associated with TNM stage (p = 0.005), but not with age, gender, and differentiation (p > 0.05). We further found that the proliferation of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma was obviously restrained in vitro, and the carcinogenesis was also inhibited in vivo. CONCLUSIONS We found that RFC4 was up-regulated and related to the progression of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma, and knockdown RFC4 could restrain the proliferation and progression. RFC4 might serve a potential biomarker and provide a new treatment strategy for lots of patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Head and Neck Tumor SurgerySecond People's Hospital of Lianyungang CityLianyungang CityChina
| | - Linlin Wang
- The Department of OncologySecond People's Hospital of Lianyungang CityLianyungang CityChina
| | - Xiao Xie
- Head and Neck Tumor SurgerySecond People's Hospital of Lianyungang CityLianyungang CityChina
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