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Gan L, Zheng L, Zou J, Luo P, Chen T, Zou J, Li W, Chen Q, Cheng L, Zhang F, Qian B. Critical roles of lncRNA-mediated autophagy in urologic malignancies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1405199. [PMID: 38939836 PMCID: PMC11208713 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1405199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Urologic oncology is a significant public health concern on a global scale. Recent research indicates that long chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and autophagy play crucial roles in various cancers, including urologic malignancies. This article provides a summary of the latest research findings, suggesting that lncRNA-mediated autophagy could either suppress or promote tumors in prostate, kidney, and bladder cancers. The intricate network involving different lncRNAs, target genes, and mediated signaling pathways plays a crucial role in urological malignancies by modulating the autophagic process. Dysregulated expression of lncRNAs can disrupt autophagy, leading to tumorigenesis, progression, and enhanced resistance to therapy. Consequently, targeting particular lncRNAs that control autophagy could serve as a dependable diagnostic tool and a promising prognostic biomarker in urologic oncology, while also holding potential as an effective therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Gan
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liying Zheng
- Department of Graduate, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junrong Zou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peiyue Luo
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Chen
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun Zou
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Li
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi Chen
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Le Cheng
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fangtao Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Biao Qian
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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Liu K, Chen H, Li Y, Wang B, Li Q, Zhang L, Liu X, Wang C, Ertas YN, Shi H. Autophagy flux in bladder cancer: Cell death crosstalk, drug and nanotherapeutics. Cancer Lett 2024; 591:216867. [PMID: 38593919 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy, a self-digestion mechanism, has emerged as a promising target in the realm of cancer therapy, particularly in bladder cancer (BCa), a urological malignancy characterized by dysregulated biological processes contributing to its progression. This highly conserved catabolic mechanism exhibits aberrant activation in pathological events, prominently featured in human cancers. The nuanced role of autophagy in cancer has been unveiled as a double-edged sword, capable of functioning as both a pro-survival and pro-death mechanism in a context-dependent manner. In BCa, dysregulation of autophagy intertwines with cell death mechanisms, wherein pro-survival autophagy impedes apoptosis and ferroptosis, while pro-death autophagy diminishes tumor cell survival. The impact of autophagy on BCa progression is multifaceted, influencing metastasis rates and engaging with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism. Pharmacological modulation of autophagy emerges as a viable strategy to impede BCa progression and augment cell death. Notably, the introduction of nanoparticles for targeted autophagy regulation holds promise as an innovative approach in BCa suppression. This review underscores the intricate interplay of autophagy with cell death pathways and its therapeutic implications in the nuanced landscape of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Huijing Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China.
| | - Ce Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China.
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey; ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey; UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.
| | - Hongyun Shi
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China.
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Li K, Qi L, Tang G, Xu H, Li Z, Fan B, Li Z, Li Y. Epigenetic Regulation in Urothelial Carcinoma. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:85-97. [PMID: 36545729 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666221221094432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common malignancy that remains a clinical challenge: Non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (NMIUC) has a high rate of recurrence and risk of progression, while muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) has a high mortality. Although some new treatments, such as immunotherapies, have shown potential effects on some patients, most cases of advanced UC remain incurable. While treatments based on epigenetic mechanisms, whether combined with traditional platinum-based chemotherapy or emerging immunotherapy, show therapeutic advantages. With the advancement of sequencing and bioinformatics, the study of epigenomics, containing DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNA, is increasingly linked with the occurrence and progression of UC. Since the epigenetics of UC is a constantly developing field of medicine, this review aims to summarize the latest research on epigenetic regulation of UC, generalize the mechanism of epigenetics in UC, and reveal the potential epigenetic therapies in the clinical setting, in order to provide some new clues on the discovery of new drugs based on the epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guyu Tang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haozhe Xu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Fan
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongbei Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Pan J, Xie X, Sheng J, Ju C, Sun S, Cui F, Zhai W, Ming L. Construction and identification of lncRNA/circRNA-coregulated ceRNA networks in gemcitabine-resistant bladder carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2023; 44:847-858. [PMID: 37787763 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the regulatory networks that underlie the development of chemoresistance in bladder cancer. METHODS We analyzed profiles of differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNA (mRNAs) in gemcitabine-resistant/sensitive bladder cancer cells using next-generation sequencing data. RESULTS Hundreds of differentially expressed lncRNAs and miRNAs and thousands of circRNAs and mRNAs were identified. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the chromosomal localizations, classification and coexpression of mRNAs, as well as candidates for cis and trans regulation by lncRNAs. Furthermore, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs and circRNAs indicated important functional roles of coregulated RNAs, thus establishing competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and protein-protein interactions networks that may underlie chemoresistance in bladder cancer. We demonstrated that lncRNA LINP1 can act as a ceRNA by inhibiting miR-193a-5p to increase TP73 expression; and that lncRNA ESRG and hsa_circ_0075881 can simultaneously bind miR-324-3p to increase ST6GAL1 expression. Modulation of ceRNA network components using ablation and overexpression approaches contributed to gemcitabine resistance in bladder cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS These results elucidate mechanisms by which lncRNAs and circRNAs coregulate the development of bladder cancer cell resistance to gemcitabine, thus laying the foundation for future research to identify biomarkers and disease targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xie
- Shaanxi Center for Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinxiu Sheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenxi Ju
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuaijie Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen Zhai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Ming
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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Wang H, Ding Y, He Y, Yu Z, Zhou Y, Gong A, Xu M. LncRNA UCA1 promotes pancreatic cancer cell migration by regulating mitochondrial dynamics via the MAPK pathway. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 748:109783. [PMID: 37816421 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long non-coding RNA urothelial cancer associated 1 (UCA1) serves as an oncogene in various cancers. However, the mechanism underlying the role of UCA1 in pancreatic cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of UCA1 in pancreatic cancer. METHODS The expression and prognosis of UCA1 were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. The results were validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and qRT-PCR. The biofunctions of UCA1 were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The migration abilities and mitochondrial dynamics of PC cells were examined using the Transwell assay, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and fluorescence. The mitochondrial-related protein and MAPK/ERK pathway markers were evaluated using western blotting. RESULTS UCA1 expression was significantly higher in pancreatic cancer tissues than in normal tissues. High UCA1 expression indicated poor clinical outcomes and was associated with clinical features in patients with pancreatic cancer. Additionally, high UCA1 expression is a potential independent marker for poor prognosis. Subsequently, we demonstrated that UCA1 enhanced the migration capability, increased MMP, enhanced mitochondrial fusion, and inhibited mitochondrial autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells via the MAPK/ERK pathway. CONCLUSION UCA1 promotes the migration by regulating the mitochondrial dynamics of pancreatic cancer cells via the MAPK/ERK pathway. Our findings suggest that UCA1 may serve as a potential biomarker in pancreatic cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Yuntao Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Yuxin He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzhou NO.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, China.
| | - Zhengyue Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Yujing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Aihua Gong
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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Wang Y, Fu Y, Lu Y, Chen S, Zhang J, Liu B, Yuan Y. Unravelling the complexity of lncRNAs in autophagy to improve potential cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188932. [PMID: 37329993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is well-known as an internal catabolic process that is evolutionarily conserved and performs the key biological function in maintaining cellular homeostasis. It is tightly controlled by several autophagy-related (ATG) proteins, which are closely associated with many types of human cancers. However, what has remained controversial is the janus roles of autophagy in cancer progression. Interestingly, the biological function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in autophagy has been gradually understood in different types of human cancers. More recently, numerous studies have demonstrated that several lncRNAs may regulate some ATG proteins and autophagy-related signaling pathways to either activate or inhibit the autophagic process in cancer. Thus, in this review, we summarize the latest advance in the knowledge of the complicated relationships between lncRNAs and autophagy in cancer. Also, the in-depth dissection of the lncRNAs-autophagy-cancers axis involved in this review would shed new light on discovery of more potential cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuqi Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Tolue Ghasaban F, Maharati A, Akhlaghipour I, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of autophagy-mediated cisplatin response in tumor cells. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:80. [PMID: 37098542 PMCID: PMC10127417 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02925-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the most common therapeutic methods in advanced and metastatic tumors. Cisplatin (CDDP) is considered as one of the main first-line chemotherapy drugs in solid tumors. However, there is a high rate of CDDP resistance in cancer patients. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) as one of the main therapeutic challenges in cancer patients is associated with various cellular processes such as drug efflux, DNA repair, and autophagy. Autophagy is a cellular mechanism that protects the tumor cells toward the chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, autophagy regulatory factors can increase or decrease the chemotherapy response in tumor cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a pivotal role in regulation of autophagy in normal and tumor cells. Therefore, in the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in CDDP response through the regulation of autophagy. It has been reported that miRNAs mainly increased the CDDP sensitivity in tumor cells by inhibition of autophagy. PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and autophagy-related genes (ATGs) were the main targets of miRNAs in the regulation of autophagy-mediated CDDP response in tumor cells. This review can be an effective step to introduce the miRNAs as efficient therapeutic options to increase autophagy-mediated CDDP sensitivity in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Tolue Ghasaban
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Kumar A, Girisa S, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Hegde M, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Targeting Autophagy Using Long Non-Coding RNAs (LncRNAs): New Landscapes in the Arena of Cancer Therapeutics. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050810. [PMID: 36899946 PMCID: PMC10000689 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become a global health hazard accounting for 10 million deaths in the year 2020. Although different treatment approaches have increased patient overall survival, treatment for advanced stages still suffers from poor clinical outcomes. The ever-increasing prevalence of cancer has led to a reanalysis of cellular and molecular events in the hope to identify and develop a cure for this multigenic disease. Autophagy, an evolutionary conserved catabolic process, eliminates protein aggregates and damaged organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis. Accumulating evidence has implicated the deregulation of autophagic pathways to be associated with various hallmarks of cancer. Autophagy exhibits both tumor-promoting and suppressive effects based on the tumor stage and grades. Majorly, it maintains the cancer microenvironment homeostasis by promoting viability and nutrient recycling under hypoxic and nutrient-deprived conditions. Recent investigations have discovered long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as master regulators of autophagic gene expression. lncRNAs, by sequestering autophagy-related microRNAs, have been known to modulate various hallmarks of cancer, such as survival, proliferation, EMT, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This review delineates the mechanistic role of various lncRNAs involved in modulating autophagy and their related proteins in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.B.K.); Tel.: +91-789-600-5326 (G.S.); +91-361-258-2231 (A.B.K.)
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.B.K.); Tel.: +91-789-600-5326 (G.S.); +91-361-258-2231 (A.B.K.)
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Aprile M, Costa V, Cimmino A, Calin GA. Emerging role of oncogenic long noncoding RNA as cancer biomarkers. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:822-834. [PMID: 36082440 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The view of long noncoding RNAs as nonfunctional "garbage" has been definitely outdated by the large body of evidence indicating this class of ncRNAs as "golden junk", especially in precision oncology. Indeed, in light of their oncogenic role and the higher expression in multiple cancer types compared with paired adjacent tissues, the clinical interest for lncRNAs as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers has been rapidly increasing. The emergence of large-scale sequencing technologies, their subsequent diffusion even in small research and clinical centers, the technological advances for the detection of low-copy lncRNAs in body fluids, coupled to the huge reduction of operating costs, have nowadays made possible to rapidly and comprehensively profile them in multiple tumors and large cohorts. In this review, we first summarize some relevant data about the oncogenic role of well-studied lncRNAs having a clinical relevance. Then, we focus on the description of their potential use as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers, including an updated overview about licensed patents or clinical trials on lncRNAs in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Aprile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Costa
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Amelia Cimmino
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - George Adrian Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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10
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Wang H, Feng Y, Zheng X, Xu X. The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Role of snoRNA and lincRNA in Bladder Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041007. [PMID: 36831352 PMCID: PMC9954389 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the urinary tract and can be divided into non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Although the means of diagnosis and treatment have continually improved in recent years, the recurrence rate of bladder cancer remains high, and patients with MIBC typically have an unfavourable prognosis and a low quality of life. Emerging evidence demonstrates that long noncoding RNAs play a crucial role in the carcinogenesis and progression of bladder cancer. Long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) are a subgroup of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that do not overlap protein-coding genes. The potential role of lincRNAs in the regulation of gene expression has been explored in depth in recent years. Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that mainly exist in the nucleolus, are approximately 60-300 nucleotides in length, and are hosted inside the introns of genes. Small nucleolar RNA host genes (SNHGs) have been associated with the origin and development of bladder cancer. In this review, we aim to comprehensively summarize the biological functions of these molecules in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yanfei Feng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiangyi Zheng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (X.X.)
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (X.X.)
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11
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Long noncoding RNA TUG1 decreases bladder cancer chemo-sensitivity toward doxorubicin through elevating KPNA2 expression and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway via adsorbing miR-582-5p. Anticancer Drugs 2023; 34:144-154. [PMID: 36539367 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA taurine-upregulated gene1 (TUG1) has been reported to be implicated in the chemo-resistance of bladder cancer. Hence, this study aimed to survey regulatory mechanism by which TUG1 regulates the chemo-resistance of bladder cancer cells to doxorubicin (DOX). Relative expression of TUG1, miR-582-5p, and karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) was detected by qRT-PCR. The viability and proliferation of DOX-resistant bladder cancer cells were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Protein levels were measured by western blot analysis. The apoptosis, migration, and invasion of DOX-resistant bladder cancer cells were determined by flow cytometry or transwell assays. The relationship between TUG1 or KPNA2 and miR-582-5p was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. TUG1 and KPNA2 were upregulated while miR-582-5p was downregulated in resistant bladder cancer tissues and cells. TUG1 inhibition elevated cell chemo-sensitivity, facilitated cell apoptosis, and curbed proliferation, migration, invasion, and autophagy of DOX-resistant bladder cancer cells. Also, TUG1 acted as a sponge for miR-582-5p, and miR-582-5p inhibitor reversed TUG1 knockdown-mediated influence on DOX chemo-sensitivity and malignant behaviors in DOX-resistant bladder cancer cells. Furthermore, miR-582-5p targeted KPNA2, and KPNA2 overexpression counteracted the inhibitory impact of miR-582-5p mimic on DOX chemo-resistance and malignant behaviors in DOX-resistant bladder cancer cells. Additionally, TUG1 silencing inactivated the PI3K/AKT pathway through sponging miR-582-5p. TUG1 sponged miR-582-5p to increase KPNA2 expression and activated the KPNA2/PI3K/AKT pathway, thereby elevating DOX chemo-resistance and malignant behaviors in bladder cancer cells.
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Xie W, Chu M, Song G, Zuo Z, Han Z, Chen C, Li Y, Wang ZW. Emerging roles of long noncoding RNAs in chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 83:303-318. [PMID: 33207266 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in the world due to the lack of early symptoms, metastasis occurrence and chemoresistance. Therefore, early diagnosis by detection of biomarkers, blockade of metastasis, and overcoming chemoresistance are the effective strategies to improve the survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Accumulating evidence has revealed that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) play essential roles in modulating chemosensitivity in pancreatic cancer. In this review article, we will summarize the role of lncRNAs in drug resistance of pancreatic cancer cells, including HOTTIP, HOTAIR, PVT1, linc-ROR, GAS5, UCA1, DYNC2H1-4, MEG3, TUG1, HOST2, HCP5, SLC7A11-AS1 and CASC2. We also highlight the function of circRNAs, such as circHIPK3 and circ_0000284, in regulation of drug sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells. Moreover, we describe a number of compounds, including curcumin, genistein, resveratrol, quercetin, and salinomycin, which may modulate the expression of lncRNAs and enhance chemosensitivity in pancreatic cancers. Therefore, targeting specific lncRNAs and cicrRNAs could contribute to reverse chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer cells. We hope this review might stimulate the studies of lncRNAs and cicrRNAs, and develop the new therapeutic strategy via modulating these noncoding RNAs to promote chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangkai Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Man Chu
- Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gendi Song
- Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyi Zuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Zheng Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Chenbin Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Yuyun Li
- Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030, China.
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
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Hu J, Lai C, Shen Z, Yu H, Lin J, Xie W, Su H, Kong J, Han J. A Prognostic Model of Bladder Cancer Based on Metabolism-Related Long Non-Coding RNAs. Front Oncol 2022; 12:833763. [PMID: 35280814 PMCID: PMC8913725 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.833763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some studies have revealed a close relationship between metabolism-related genes and the prognosis of bladder cancer. However, the relationship between metabolism-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) regulating the expression of genetic material and bladder cancer is still blank. From this, we developed and validated a prognostic model based on metabolism-associated lncRNA to analyze the prognosis of bladder cancer. Methods Gene expression, lncRNA sequencing data, and related clinical information were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). And we downloaded metabolism-related gene sets from the human metabolism database. Differential expression analysis is used to screen differentially expressed metabolism-related genes and lncRNAs between tumors and paracancer tissues. We then obtained metabolism-related lncRNAs associated with prognosis by correlational analyses, univariate Cox analysis, and logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. A risk scoring model is constructed based on the regression coefficient corresponding to lncRNA calculated by multivariate Cox analysis. According to the median risk score, patients were divided into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. Then, we developed and evaluated a nomogram including risk scores and Clinical baseline data to predict the prognosis. Furthermore, we performed gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to explore the role of these metabolism-related lncRNAs in the prognosis of bladder cancer. Results By analyzing the extracted data, our research screened out 12 metabolism-related lncRNAs. There are significant differences in survival between high and low-risk groups divided by the median risk scoring model, and the low-risk group has a more favorable prognosis than the high-risk group. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the risk score was closely related to the prognosis of bladder cancer. Then we established a nomogram based on multivariate analysis. After evaluation, the modified model has good predictive efficiency and clinical application value. Furthermore, the GSEA showed that these lncRNAs affected bladder cancer prognosis through multiple links. Conclusions A predictive model was established and validated based on 12 metabolism-related lncRNAs and clinical information, and we found these lncRNA affected bladder cancer prognosis through multiple links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Hu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Lai
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zefeng Shen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyi Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weibin Xie
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huabin Su
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiu Kong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jinli Han, ; Jianqiu Kong,
| | - Jinli Han
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jinli Han, ; Jianqiu Kong,
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Ji X, Ma H, Du Y. Role and mechanism of action of LAPTM4B in EGFR‑mediated autophagy (Review). Oncol Lett 2022; 23:109. [PMID: 35242237 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Ji
- Department of Cytology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Hua Ma
- Department of Cytology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yun Du
- Department of Cytology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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Faúndes J, Muñoz-Osses M, Morales P, Tasca F, Loyola CZ, Faúndez M, Mascayano C, Ibacache JA. Effect of substituents and chain length in amino-1,4-naphthoquinones on glutathione-S-transferase inhibition: molecular docking and electrochemical perspectives: a structure–activity study. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj04079d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The highlights of structure–activity relationship in GST inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Faúndes
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Sucursal Matucana, Santiago, 9170022, Chile
| | - Michelle Muñoz-Osses
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Sucursal Matucana, Santiago, 9170022, Chile
| | - Pilar Morales
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Sucursal Matucana, Santiago, 9170022, Chile
| | - Federico Tasca
- Departamento de Química de Los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Sucursal Matucana, Santiago, 9170022, Chile
| | - César Zúñiga Loyola
- Departamento de Química de Los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Sucursal Matucana, Santiago, 9170022, Chile
| | - Mario Faúndez
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Química, Departamento de Farmacia, Laboratorio de Toxicología, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 7820436, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Mascayano
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Sucursal Matucana, Santiago, 9170022, Chile
| | - Juana A. Ibacache
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Sucursal Matucana, Santiago, 9170022, Chile
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Yang G, Xue Z, Zhao Y. MiR-582-5p attenuates neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by targeting high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) through inhibiting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Curr Neurovasc Res 2021; 18:295-301. [PMID: 34751119 DOI: 10.2174/1567202618666211109102740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiR-582-5p has been demonstrated to protect against ischemic stroke. However, its implication in the progression of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) has not been explored. METHODS In this study, we used an in vitro model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) to investigate the protective effect of miR-582-5p on PC12 cells. OGD-induced inhibition of cell viability and promotion of cell death was assessed by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. Real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were utilized to examine the levels of inflammatory cytokines. The effects of miR-582-5p on OGD-induced oxidative injury were assessed by the determination of oxidative stress indicators. Furthermore, dual-luciferase reporter assay and gain-offunction assay were used to determine the mechanism of miR-582-5p in OGD-induced cell injury. RESULTS The expression of miR-582-5p was reduced upon OGD treatment in PC12 cells. Overexpression of miR-582-5p inhibited OGD-induced PC12 cell injury by regulating cell viability, apoptosis, inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress. MiR-582-5p targeted and negatively regulated high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). MiR-582-5p presented protective effects on OGD-induced PC12 cell injury by targeting HMGB1. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that miR-582-5p ameliorates neuronal injury by inhibiting apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress through targeting HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of pediatrics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001. China
| | - Zhimin Xue
- Department of neonatal medicine, Shanxi children's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030013. China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of neonatal medicine, Shanxi children's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030013. China
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Non-coding RNA-mediated autophagy in cancer: A protumor or antitumor factor? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188642. [PMID: 34715268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy, usually referred to as macroautophagy, is a cytoprotective behavior that helps cells, especially cancer cells, escape crises. However, the role of autophagy in cancer remains controversial. The induction of autophagy is favorable for tumor growth, as it can degrade damaged cell components accumulated during nutrient deficiency, chemotherapy, or other stresses in a timely manner. Whereas the antitumor effect of autophagy might be closely related to its crosstalk with metabolism, immunomodulation, and other pathways. Recent studies have verified that lncRNAs and circRNAs modulate autophagy in carcinogenesis, cancer cells proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and chemoresistance via multiple mechanisms. A comprehensive understanding of the regulatory relationships between ncRNAs and autophagy in cancer might resolve chemoresistance and also offer intervention strategies for cancer therapy. This review systematically displays the regulatory effects of lncRNAs and circRNAs on autophagy in the contexts of cancer initiation, progression, and resistance to chemo- or radiotherapy and provides a novel insight into cancer therapy.
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18
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Biological functions and clinical significance of long noncoding RNAs in bladder cancer. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:278. [PMID: 34611133 PMCID: PMC8492632 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the 10 most common cancers with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a large class of noncoding RNA transcripts, consist of more than 200 nucleotides and play a significant role in the regulation of molecular interactions and cellular pathways during the occurrence and development of various cancers. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of high-throughput gene sequencing technology, several differentially expressed lncRNAs have been discovered in BCa, and their functions have been proven to have an impact on BCa development, such as cell growth and proliferation, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and drug-resistance. Furthermore, evidence suggests that lncRNAs are significantly associated with BCa patients' clinicopathological characteristics, especially tumor grade, TNM stage, and clinical progression stage. In addition, lncRNAs have the potential to more accurately predict BCa patient prognosis, suggesting their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for BCa patients in the future. In this review, we briefly summarize and discuss recent research progress on BCa-associated lncRNAs, while focusing on their biological functions and mechanisms, clinical significance, and targeted therapy in BCa oncogenesis and malignant progression.
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Huang D, Li C. circ-ACACA promotes proliferation, invasion, migration and glycolysis of cervical cancer cells by targeting the miR-582-5p/ERO1A signaling axis. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:795. [PMID: 34584570 PMCID: PMC8461755 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circ) have been reported to serve crucial roles in the regulation of cancer occurrence and development. The present study aimed to investigate the role of circ-acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACACA) in the progression of cervical cancer (CC). The expression levels of circ-ACACA in several CC cell lines were first determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. circ-ACACA expression was subsequently knocked down to evaluate its effects on the viability, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of CC cells using MTT, colony formation, TUNEL, transwell and wound healing assays, respectively. 13C-labeling of intracellular metabolites and analysis of glucose consumption and lactate production were performed to determine the levels of glycolysis. In addition, the expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1α (ERO1α; ERO1A) and glycolysis-related proteins were analyzed using western blotting. The binding interactions among circ-ACACA, microRNA (miR)-582-5p and ERO1A were validated using dual-luciferase reporter assays. Subsequently, rescue experiments were performed to determine the potential underlying mechanism by which circ-ACACA affected CC cell functions. The results revealed that circ-ACACA expression was significantly upregulated in CC cells and silencing of circ-ACACA significantly reduced the proliferation, invasion and migration, and promoted the apoptosis of CC cells. Knockdown of circ-ACACA markedly inhibited glycolysis in CC cells. However, the effects of silencing of circ-ACACA on CC cells were reversed following transfection with the miR-582-5p inhibitor or pcDNA3.1-ERO1A overexpression plasmid. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to investigate the role of circ-ACACA in CC progression. The results suggested that circ-ACACA may promote CC tumorigenesis and glycolysis by targeting the miR-582-5p/ERO1A signaling axis. Therefore, circ-ACACA may be a promising biomarker for CC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University), Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 014010, P.R. China
| | - Cuimei Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xi'An Fifth Hospital, Xi'An, Shaanxi 710000, P.R. China
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Chen F, Guo L, Di J, Li M, Dong D, Pei D. Circular RNA ubiquitin-associated protein 2 enhances autophagy and promotes colorectal cancer progression and metastasis via miR-582-5p/FOXO1 signaling. J Genet Genomics 2021; 48:1091-1103. [PMID: 34416339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Numerous circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as vital regulators in various cancers. The newly reported circular RNA ubiquitin-associated protein 2 (circUBAP2) is a critical player in cell growth and metastasis in various types of cancers, although its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) has yet to be fully elucidated. We find that circUBAP2 is upregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines to induce autophagy both in vitro and in vivo. The effects of circUBAP2 on migration, invasion, and proliferation may be partially related to autophagy. Mechanistically, we uncover that circUBAP2 can directly interact with miR-582-5p and subsequently act as a microRNA sponge to regulate the expression of the miR-582-5p target gene forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) and downstream signaling molecules, which collectively advance the progression and metastasis of CRC. These results suggest that circUBAP2 acts as an oncogene via a novel circUBAP2/miR-582-5p/FOXO1 axis, providing a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Jiehui Di
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Man Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Dong Dong
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Dongsheng Pei
- Department of Cell Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China; Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China.
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21
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Zeng T, Xu M, Zhang W, Gu X, Zhao F, Liu X, Zhang X. Autophagy inhibition and microRNA‑199a‑5p upregulation in paclitaxel‑resistant A549/T lung cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2021; 46:149. [PMID: 34080652 PMCID: PMC8185510 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major reasons for the clinical failure of cancer chemotherapy. Autophagy activation serves a crucial role in MDR. However, the specific molecular mechanism linking autophagy with MDR remains unknown. The results of the present study demonstrated that autophagy was inhibited and microRNA (miR)-199a-5p levels were upregulated in MDR model lung cancer cells (A549/T and H1299/T) compared with those in the parental cell lines. Paclitaxel (PTX) treatment increased the expression levels of miR-199a-5p in parental lung cancer cells compared with those in PTX-untreated cells, and these expression levels were negatively correlated with PTX sensitivity of the cells. miR-199a-5p knockdown in A549/T cells induced autophagy and resensitized cells to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs including PTX, taxotere, topotecan, SN38, oxaliplatin and vinorelbine. By contrast, miR-199a-5p overexpression in A549 cells suppressed autophagy and desensitized cells to these chemotherapeutic drugs. Mechanistically, the results of the present study demonstrated that miR-199a-5p blocked autophagy by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and inhibiting the protein expression of autophagy-related 5. Furthermore, p62 protein was identified as a direct target of miR-199a-5p; miR-199a-5p bound to p62 mRNA to decrease its mRNA and protein expression levels. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that miR-199a-5p may contribute to MDR development in lung cancer cells by inhibiting autophagy and targeting p62. The regulatory effect of miR-199a-5p on autophagy may provide novel insights for future multidrug-resistant lung cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Zeng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Mingshi Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Wanli Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofan Gu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Fangqing Zhao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiongwen Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
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22
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Pan T, Xue M. LncRNA-NNT-AS1 contributes to the progression of glioma by miR-582-5p/EZH2 axis. Cytotechnology 2021; 73:473-482. [PMID: 34149178 PMCID: PMC8167007 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-021-00471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) had crucial regulatory roles in many diseases. Nevertheless, the biological relevance and mechanisms of the NNT-AS1 in gliom remain poorly understood. In the present study, NNT-AS1 expression was up-regulated in the glioma cell lines. Functional assays demonstrated that depletion of NNT-AS1 could notably suppress the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of U87MG and A172 cells. In addition, miR-582-5p was predicted to be a target of NNT-AS1 and EZH2 was predicted to be a target of miR-582-5p by bioinformatics software, which was further confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Additionally, results of recue assays proofed that NNT-AS1/miR-582-5p/EZH2 axis aggravated the malignant behaviors of glioma. Ultimately, our findings revealed that NNT-AS1 contributes to progression via targeting miR-582-5p/EZH2 axis, revealing NNT-AS1 as a latent effective target for the diagnosis and treatment of glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonglin Pan
- The Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209th Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004 Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Xue
- The Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209th Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004 Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
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Usman RM, Razzaq F, Akbar A, Farooqui AA, Iftikhar A, Latif A, Hassan H, Zhao J, Carew JS, Nawrocki ST, Anwer F. Role and mechanism of autophagy-regulating factors in tumorigenesis and drug resistance. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2021; 17:193-208. [PMID: 32970929 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A hallmark feature of tumorigenesis is uncontrolled cell division. Autophagy is regulated by more than 30 genes and it is one of several mechanisms by which cells maintain homeostasis. Autophagy promotes cancer progression and drug resistance. Several genes play important roles in autophagy-induced tumorigenesis and drug resistance including Beclin-1, MIF, HMGB1, p53, PTEN, p62, RAC3, SRC3, NF-2, MEG3, LAPTM4B, mTOR, BRAF and c-MYC. These genes alter cell growth, cellular microenvironment and cell division. Mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis and drug resistance include microdeletions, genetic mutations, loss of heterozygosity, hypermethylation, microsatellite instability and translational modifications at a molecular level. Disrupted or altered autophagy has been reported in hematological malignancies like lymphoma, leukemia and myeloma as well as multiple solid organ tumors like colorectal, hepatocellular, gall bladder, pancreatic, gastric and cholangiocarcinoma among many other malignancies. In addition, defects in autophagy also play a role in drug resistance in cancers like osteosarcoma, ovarian and lung carcinomas following treatment with drugs such as doxorubicin, paclitaxel, cisplatin, gemcitabine and etoposide. Therapeutic approaches that modulate autophagy are a novel future direction for cancer drug development that may help to prevent issues with disease progression and overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Muhammad Usman
- Department of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Faryal Razzaq
- Foundation University Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arshia Akbar
- Department of Medical Intensive Care, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Ahmad Iftikhar
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Azka Latif
- Department of Medicine, Crieghton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Hamza Hassan
- Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer S Carew
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Faiz Anwer
- Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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24
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Zhang Z, Yue P, Lu T, Wang Y, Wei Y, Wei X. Role of lysosomes in physiological activities, diseases, and therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:79. [PMID: 33990205 PMCID: PMC8120021 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long known as digestive organelles, lysosomes have now emerged as multifaceted centers responsible for degradation, nutrient sensing, and immunity. Growing evidence also implicates role of lysosome-related mechanisms in pathologic process. In this review, we discuss physiological function of lysosomes and, more importantly, how the homeostasis of lysosomes is disrupted in several diseases, including atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune disorders, pancreatitis, lysosomal storage disorders, and malignant tumors. In atherosclerosis and Gaucher disease, dysfunction of lysosomes changes cytokine secretion from macrophages, partially through inflammasome activation. In neurodegenerative diseases, defect autophagy facilitates accumulation of toxic protein and dysfunctional organelles leading to neuron death. Lysosomal dysfunction has been demonstrated in pathology of pancreatitis. Abnormal autophagy activation or inhibition has been revealed in autoimmune disorders. In tumor microenvironment, malignant phenotypes, including tumorigenesis, growth regulation, invasion, drug resistance, and radiotherapy resistance, of tumor cells and behaviors of tumor-associated macrophages, fibroblasts, dendritic cells, and T cells are also mediated by lysosomes. Based on these findings, a series of therapeutic methods targeting lysosomal proteins and processes have been developed from bench to bedside. In a word, present researches corroborate lysosomes to be pivotal organelles for understanding pathology of atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune disorders, pancreatitis, and lysosomal storage disorders, and malignant tumors and developing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Yue
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Lu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
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25
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Miao W, Lu T, Liu X, Yin W, Zhang H. LncRNA SNHG8 induces ovarian carcinoma cells cellular process and stemness through Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cancer Biomark 2021; 28:459-471. [PMID: 32538821 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma ranks fifth in the leading causes of cancer-relevant deaths among the female, with the highest fatality rate in all gynecological malignant tumors and the rising incidence worldwide. Mounting evidence has unveiled that lncRNAs are implicated in the tumorigenesis and cancer development. Several studies have proven the carcinogenic role of SNHG8 in various malignancies, but the physiological functions of SNHG8 in ovarian carcinoma need more detailed explanations. The present study certified that inhibition of SNHG8 executed suppressive activities in ovarian carcinoma by obstructing cell proliferation, migration, EMT process and stemness as well as driving cell apoptosis. Moreover, SNHG8 bound with CAPRIN1 and positively modulated the expression of CAPRIN1. Further experiments manifested that CTNNB1 and Axin1 displayed a binding affinity with CAPRIN1. Knockdown of CAPRIN1 promoted the mRNA degradation of CTNNB1 and Axin1. Finally, we corroborated that CTNNB1 (or Axin1) ectopic expression or activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway abrogated the effects of SNHG8 downregulation on the cellular process of ovarian carcinoma cells. To summarize, SNHG8 acted as an oncogene in ovarian carcinoma via targeting Wnt/β-catenin pathway, providing a new insight into understanding ovarian carcinoma at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Miao
- Department of Health, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China.,Department of Health, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Tanmin Lu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China.,Department of Health, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Weiyang Yin
- Department of General surgery, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
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26
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Ramli S, Sim MS, Guad RM, Gopinath SCB, Subramaniyan V, Fuloria S, Fuloria NK, Choy KW, Rana S, Wu YS. Long Noncoding RNA UCA1 in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Molecular Regulatory Roles and Patterns, Mechanisms, and Interactions. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5519720. [PMID: 33936199 PMCID: PMC8055404 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5519720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The rising trend of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer has become a global burden due to its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been reported to be overexpressed in different GI cancers and may contribute to cancer progression and chemoresistance. They are featured with more than 200 nucleotides, commonly polyadenylated, and lacking an open reading frame. LncRNAs, particularly urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1), are oncogenes involved in regulating cancer progression, such as cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and chemoresistance, particularly in GI cancer. This review was aimed to present an updated focus on the molecular regulatory roles and patterns of lncRNA UCA1 in progression and chemoresistance of different GI cancers, as well as deciphering the underlying mechanisms and its interactions with key molecules involved, together with a brief presentation on its diagnostic and prognostic values. The regulatory roles of lncRNA UCA1 are implicated in esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatobiliary cancer, and colorectal cancer, where they shared similar molecular mechanisms in regulating cancer phenotypes and chemoresistance. Comparatively, gastric cancer is the most intensively studied type in GI cancer. LncRNA UCA1 is implicated in biological roles of different GI cancers via interactions with various molecules, particularly microRNAs, and signaling pathways. In conclusion, lncRNA UCA1 is a potential molecular target for GI cancer, which may lead to the development of a novel chemotherapeutic agent. Hence, it also acts as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for GI cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suaidah Ramli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Maw Shin Sim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Rhanye M. Guad
- Department of Biomedical Science and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Subash C. B Gopinath
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
| | - Neeraj K. Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
| | - Ker Woon Choy
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sohel Rana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore-7400, Bangladesh
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
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Taki M, Abiko K, Ukita M, Murakami R, Yamanoi K, Yamaguchi K, Hamanishi J, Baba T, Matsumura N, Mandai M. Tumor Immune Microenvironment during Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:4669-4679. [PMID: 33827891 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to play a critical role in tumor development from initiation to metastasis. EMT could be regarded as a continuum, with intermediate hybrid epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes having high plasticity. Classical EMT is characterized by the phenotype change of epithelial cells to cells with mesenchymal properties, but EMT is also associated with multiple other molecular processes, including tumor immune evasion. Some previous studies have shown that EMT is associated with the cell number of immunosuppressive cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and the expression of immune checkpoints, such as programmed cell death-ligand 1, in several cancer types. At the molecular level, EMT transcriptional factors, including Snail, Zeb1, and Twist1, produce or attract immunosuppressive cells or promote the expression of immunosuppressive checkpoint molecules via chemokine production, leading to a tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. In turn, immunosuppressive factors induce EMT in tumor cells. This feedback loop between EMT and immunosuppression promotes tumor progression. For therapy directly targeting EMT has been challenging, the elucidation of the interactive regulation of EMT and immunosuppression is desirable for developing new therapeutic approaches in cancer. The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and immunotherapy targeting immunosuppressive cells could be a promising therapy for EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Taki
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Kaoru Abiko
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayo Ukita
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Murakami
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Yamanoi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Yamaguchi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junzo Hamanishi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Baba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Noriomi Matsumura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Mandai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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28
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Hosseini NF, Manoochehri H, Khoei SG, Sheykhhasan M. The Functional Role of Long Non-coding RNA UCA1 in Human Multiple Cancers: a Review Study. Curr Mol Med 2021; 21:96-110. [PMID: 32560605 DOI: 10.2174/1566524020666200619124543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In various cancers, high-grade tumor and poor survival rate in patients with upregulated lncRNAs UCA1 have been confirmed. Urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) is an oncogenic non-coding RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotides. The UCA1 regulate critical biological processes that are involved in cancer progression, including cancer cell growth, invasion, migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis. So It should not surprise that UCA1 overexpresses in variety of cancers type, including pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, adrenal cancer, hypopharyngeal cancer, oral cancer, gallbladder cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer, osteosarcoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, leukemia, glioma, thyroid cancer, medulloblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and multiple myeloma. In this article, we review the biological function and regulatory mechanism of UCA1 in several cancers and also, we will discuss the potential of its as cancer biomarker and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashmin Fayazi Hosseini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hamed Manoochehri
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Sheykhhasan
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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29
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Wan J, Guo C, Fang H, Xu Z, Hu Y, Luo Y. Autophagy-Related Long Non-coding RNA Is a Prognostic Indicator for Bladder Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:647236. [PMID: 33869042 PMCID: PMC8049181 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.647236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant urinary system tumors, and its prognosis is poor. In recent years, autophagy has been closely linked to the development of BC. Therefore, we investigated the potential prognostic role of autophagy-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in patients with BC. We obtained the lncRNA information and autophagy genes, respectively, from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set and the human autophagy database (HADb) and performed a co-expression analysis to identify autophagy gene-associated lncRNAs. Then, we divided the data into training group and testing group. In the training group, 15 autophagy-related lncRNAs were found to have a prognostic value (AC026369.3, USP30-as1, AC007991.2, AC104785.1, AC010503.4, AC037198.1, AC010331.1, AF131215.6, AC084357.2, THUMPD3-AS1, U62317.4, MAN1B1-DTt, AC024060.1, AL662844.4, and AC005229.4). The patients were divided into low-risk group and high-risk group based on the prognostic lncRNAs. The overall survival (OS) time for the high-risk group was shorter than that for the low-risk group [risk ratio (hazard ratio, HR) = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.06-1.10; p < 0.0001]. Using our model, the defined risk value can predict the prognosis of a patient. Next, the model was assessed in the TCGA testing group to further validate these results. A total of 203 patients with BC were recruited to verify the lncRNA characteristics. We divided these patients into high-risk group and low-risk group. The results of testing data set show that the survival time of high-risk patients is shorter than that of low-risk patients. In the training group, the area under the curve (AUC) was more than 0.7, indicating a high level of accuracy. The AUC for a risk model was greater than that for each clinical feature alone, indicating that the risk value of a model was the best indicator for predicting the prognosis. Further training data analysis showed that the gene set was significantly enriched in cancer-related pathways, including actin cytoskeleton regulation and gap junctions. In conclusion, our 15 autophagy-related lncRNAs have a prognostic potential for BC, and may play key roles in the biology of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Wan
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongpeng Fang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongye Xu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongwei Hu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Ding Z, Ying W, He Y, Chen X, Jiao Y, Wang J, Zhou X. lncRNA-UCA1 in the diagnosis of bladder cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24805. [PMID: 33725946 PMCID: PMC7982181 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the diagnostic value of long-chain non-coding RNA urothelial carcinoembryonic antigen 1 (lncRNA-UCA1) for bladder cancer, and to provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. METHODS By searching PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang, Weipu and other databases, in order to collect relevant literature of lncRNA-UCA1 for diagnosis of bladder cancer. The starting and ending time of the search is from the establishment of the database to December 31, 2019. Screen documents and extract data according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. QUADAS entry tool was used to evaluate the quality of literature. Meta-Disc 1.4 and Stata 12.0 software were used for statistical analysis, and UCA1 was combined for the statistics of bladder cancer diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 7 articles were included in this study, including 954 cases of bladder cancer patients and 482 cases of non-bladder cancer patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve AUC of lncRNA-UCA1 used to diagnose bladder cancer was 0.86. The sensitivity was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.80-0.85), and the specificity was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82-0.89). The positive likelihood ratio is 6.38 (95% CI: 3.01-13.55), and the negative likelihood ratio is 0.20 (95% CI: 0.13-0.31). The diagnostic odds ratio is 33.13 (95% CI: 11.16-98.33). CONCLUSION lncRNA-UCA1 has a high value of clinical auxiliary diagnosis for bladder cancer, and it can be further promoted and applied clinically.
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31
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Liu Z, Wang Y, Yuan S, Wen F, Liu J, Zou L, Zhang J. Regulatory role of long non-coding RNA UCA1 in signaling pathways and its clinical applications. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:404. [PMID: 33777227 PMCID: PMC7988699 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) plays a pivotal role in various human diseases. Its gene expression is regulated by several factors, including transcription factors, chromatin remodeling and epigenetic modification. UCA1 is involved in the regulation of the PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK, NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways, affecting a series of cellular biological functions, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and tumor drug resistance. Furthermore, UCA1 is used as a novel potential biomarker for disease diagnosis and prognosis, as well as a target for clinical gene therapy. The present review systematically summarizes and elucidates the mechanisms of upstream transcriptional regulation of UCA1, the regulatory role of UCA1 in multiple signaling pathways in the occurrence and development of several diseases, and its potential applications in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoping Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Shunling Yuan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center and Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Liheng Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
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Brisotto G, Guerrieri R, Colizzi F, Steffan A, Montico B, Fratta E. Long Noncoding RNAs as Innovative Urinary Diagnostic Biomarkers. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2292:73-94. [PMID: 33651353 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1354-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is now widely studied as a promising source of cancer-derived biomarkers because of their role in tumor formation and progression. However, CTCs analysis presents some limitations and no standardized method for CTCs isolation from urine has been defined so far. In fact, besides blood, urine represents an ideal source of noninvasive biomarkers, especially for the early detection of genitourinary tumors. Besides CTCs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have also been proposed as potential noninvasive biomarkers, and the evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of urinary lncRNAs has dramatically increased over the last years, with many studies being published. Therefore, this review provides an update on the clinical utility of urinary lncRNAs as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of bladder and prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Brisotto
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Roberto Guerrieri
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Francesca Colizzi
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Agostino Steffan
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Barbara Montico
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Fratta
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.
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Wang M, Jing J, Li H, Liu J, Yuan Y, Sun L. The expression characteristics and prognostic roles of autophagy-related genes in gastric cancer. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10814. [PMID: 33604190 PMCID: PMC7866901 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autophagy is an evolutionally highly conserved process, accompanied by the dynamic changes of various molecules, which is necessary for the orderly degradation and recycling of cellular components. The aim of the study was to identify the role of autophagy-related (ATG) genes in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer (GC). Methods Data from Oncomine dataset was used for the differential expression analysis between cancer and normal tissues. The association of ATG genes expression with clinicopathologic indicators was evaluated by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Moreover, using the TCGA datasets, the prognostic role of ATG genes was assessed. A nomogram was further built to assess the independent prognostic factors. Results The expression of autophagy-related genes AMBRA1, ATG4B, ATG7, ATG10, ATG12, ATG16L2, GABARAPL2, GABARAPL1, ULK4 and WIPI2 showed differences between cancer and normal tissues. After verification, ATG14 and ATG4D were significantly associated with TNM stage. ATG9A, ATG2A, and ATG4D were associated with T stage. VMP1 and ATG4A were low-expressed in patients without lymph node metastasis. No gene in autophagy pathway was associated with M stage. Further multivariate analysis suggested that ATG4D and MAP1LC3C were independent prognostic factors for GC. The C-index of nomogram was 0.676 and the 95% CI was 0.628 to 0.724. Conclusion Our study provided a comprehensive illustration of ATG genes expression characteristics in GC. Abnormal expressions of the ubiquitin-like conjugated system in ATG genes plays a key role in the occurrence of GC. ATG8/LC3 sub-system may play an important role in development and clinical outcome of GC. In the future, it is necessary to further elucidate the alterations of specific ATG8/LC3 forms in order to provide insights for the discovery, diagnosis, or targeting for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Wang
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingjing Jing
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liping Sun
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Liang C, Wang J, Liu A, Wu Y. Tumor promoting long non-coding RNA CASC15 affects HMGB2 expression by sponging miR-582-5p in colorectal cancer. J Gene Med 2021; 24:e3308. [PMID: 33395735 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in regulating tumorigenesis has been gradually recognized. Roles of lncRNA cancer susceptibility candidate 15 (CASC15) in cancers have been validated by several independent groups, however, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be explored. METHODS Levels of CASC15 in CRC cells and normal cells were measured with the qRT-PCR method. In vitro functional assays were performed to detect the effects of CASC15 on cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis. Bioinformatic analyses and luciferase activity assays were conducted to investigate the targets for CASC15. Animal experiments were conducted to analyze the effect of CASC15 on tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS CASC15 level is revealed to be significantly elevated in CRC cells compared with normal cells. In vitro assays revealed that CASC15 overexpression stimulates cell growth and invasion, while its down-expression has opposite effects. Furthermore, CASC15 can bind with microRNA-582-5p (miR-582-5p) to modulate high mobility group box 2 (HMGB2) expression. We also showed that silencing of CASC15 inhibits tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS In summary, CASC15 overexpression could promote CRC carcinogenesis, indicating knockdown of CASC15 might be a possible therapeutic measure to hinder carcinogenesis. This work could help us to understand the mechanisms behind CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liang
- Department of General surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of General surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Department of General surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yunqiang Wu
- Department of General surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Tian Y, Guan Y, Su Y, Luo W, Yang G, Zhang Y. MiR-582-5p Inhibits Bladder Cancer-Genesis by Suppressing TTK Expression. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:11933-11944. [PMID: 33244270 PMCID: PMC7685364 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s274835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (BC) refers to the malignant growth found in the cells and tissues of the urinary bladder. While many studies have researched the progression of BC, scientists are yet to fully understand the mechanism of BC. This research aimed to explore the role of miR-582-5p and its target gene TTK in BC pathogenesis. METHODS The evaluation of miR-582-5p and TTK mRNA expression in BC tissues or cells was performed using qRT-PCR. TargetScan was then used to predict the binding site of miR-582-5p on TTK mRNA. Subsequently, dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays were employed to validate the binding relationship between miR-582-5p and TTK mRNA. CCK-8, BrdU, flow cytometry, and caspase-3 activity assays were later conducted to evaluate the viability, proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of BC cells. RESULTS Investigations revealed that miR-582-5p was downregulated in BC tissues and cells. Meanwhile, miR-582-5p inhibited the viability and proliferation of BC cells while stimulating the apoptosis and cycle arrest of the cells. TTK, the target gene of miR-582-5p, was later found to be over-expressed in BC tissues and cells. TTK, however, was observed to exhibit an opposite effect on miR-582-5p. Simply put, it stimulated BC cell malignant phenotypes, and this stimulation could be directly reversed by miR-582-5p. CONCLUSION This research confirmed that miR-582-5p could restrain bladder carcinogenesis by inhibiting TTK expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Tian
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450000, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanbin Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou450000, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Su
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450000, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjian Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450000, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450000, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450000, Henan, People’s Republic of China
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Non coding RNAs as the critical factors in chemo resistance of bladder tumor cells. Diagn Pathol 2020; 15:136. [PMID: 33183321 PMCID: PMC7659041 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-020-01054-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (BCa) is the ninth frequent and 13th leading cause of cancer related deaths in the world which is mainly observed among men. There is a declining mortality rates in developed countries. Although, the majority of BCa patients present Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) tumors, only 30% of patients suffer from muscle invasion and distant metastases. Radical cystoprostatectomy, radiation, and chemotherapy have proven to be efficient in metastatic tumors. However, tumor relapse is observed in a noticeable ratio of patients following the chemotherapeutic treatment. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important factors during tumor progression and chemo resistance which can be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of BCa. MAIN BODY In present review we summarized all of the lncRNAs and miRNAs associated with chemotherapeutic resistance in bladder tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS This review paves the way of introducing a prognostic panel of ncRNAs for the BCa patients which can be useful to select a proper drug based on the lncRNA profiles of patients to reduce the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy in such patients.
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Wang HZ, Liu L, Xu Y, Zhang GY, Wang YY. LncRNA UCA1 Affects the Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and Apoptosis of Hepatic Carcinoma Cells by Targeting MicroRNA-193a-3p. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10897-10907. [PMID: 33154669 PMCID: PMC7608488 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s270396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective/Background Hepatic carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth lethal cancer in the world, but its relationship with lncRNA urothelial cancer-associated 1 (UCA1)/microRNA-193a-3p axis remains unclear, so this study would explore the relationship. Methods A real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was carried out to quantify lncRNA UCA1 and microRNA-193a-3p in HCC tissues and cells, and relevant overexpression or inhibition vectors were constructed to analyze the influences of lncRNA UCA1 and microRNA-193a-3p on HCC cells. A Transwell assay was used to measure invasion and migration of HCC cells, and a Western blot assay to quantify protein biomarkers of apoptosis, invasion, and migration, a MTT assay to determine cell viability, a flow cytometry to detect cell cycle, and a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay to analyze the correlation between lncRNA UCA1 and microRNA-193a-3p. Results LncRNA UCA1 was increased in HCC, while microRNA-193a-3p was decreased. Down-regulated lncRNA UCA1 could up-regulate microRNA-193a-3p, and down-regulated lncRNA UCA1 or up-regulated microRNA-193a-3p would strengthen cell apoptosis and weaken cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. Furthermore, lncRNA UCA1 could negatively regulate microRNA-193a-3p by binding to it. Conclusion LncRNA UCA1 promotes malignant hyperproliferation of HCC cells by repressing microRNA-193a-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Zhen Wang
- Department of Oncology, Rizhao City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao City, Shandong Province 276800, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of ENT, Rizhao City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao City, Shandong Province 276800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Oncology, Rizhao City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao City, Shandong Province 276800, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Ye Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, Rizhao City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao City, Shandong Province 276800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Yan Wang
- Department of ENT, Rizhao City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao City, Shandong Province 276800, People's Republic of China
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Lai C, Wu Z, Shi J, Li K, Zhu J, Chen Z, Liu C, Xu K. Autophagy-related long noncoding RNAs can predict prognosis in patients with bladder cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:21582-21596. [PMID: 33175697 PMCID: PMC7695412 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether autophagy-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can predict prognosis in bladder cancer. We obtained bladder cancer lncRNA data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and autophagy-related genes from the Human Autophagy Database. Fifteen autophagy-related lncRNAs with prognostic significance were identified. Multivariate Cox analysis was used to construct a risk score model, which divided bladder cancer patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. We found that patients in the low-risk group had better survival than those in the high-risk group. Subgroup analysis showed that patients in the high-risk group also had worse OS than that in the low-risk group in subgroups based on age, gender, clinical stage, and TNM stage. We next established a nomogram according to the results of multivariate Cox regression, which included age, gender, clinical stage, TNM stage, and risk score. The area under the curve for 3- and 5-year overall survival predicted by the nomogram were 0.711 and 0.719, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that the 15 identified lncRNAs are involved in the cell cycle, DNA replication, cell adhesion, cancer pathway, WNT signaling pathway, and oxidative stress. These findings confirm that autophagy-related lncRNAs are predictive of prognosis in bladder cancer patients and may affect tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lai
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanyi Shi
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiwen Li
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Zhu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhong Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kewei Xu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang H, Lu B. The Roles of ceRNAs-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer Chemoresistance and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102926. [PMID: 33050642 PMCID: PMC7600306 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chemoresistance and metastasis are the main causes of treatment failure in cancers. Autophagy contribute to the survival and metastasis of cancer cells. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), particularly long non-coding RNAs and circular RNA (circRNA), can bridge the interplay between autophagy and chemoresistance or metastasis in cancers via sponging miRNAs. This review aims to discuss on the function of ceRNA-mediated autophagy in the process of metastasis and chemoresistance in cancers. ceRNA network can sequester the targeted miRNA expression to indirectly upregulate the expression of autophagy-related genes, and thereof participate in autophagy-mediated chemoresistance and metastasis. Our clarification of the mechanism of autophagy regulation in metastasis and chemoresistance may greatly improve the efficacy of chemotherapy and survival in cancer patients. The combination of the tissue-specific miRNA delivery and selective autophagy inhibitors, such as hydroxychloroquine, is attractive to treat cancer patients in the future. Abstract Chemoresistance and metastasis are the main causes of treatment failure and unfavorable outcome in cancers. There is a pressing need to reveal their mechanisms and to discover novel therapy targets. Autophagy is composed of a cascade of steps controlled by different autophagy-related genes (ATGs). Accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulated autophagy contributes to chemoresistance and metastasis via competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks including lncRNAs and circRNAs. ceRNAs sequester the targeted miRNA expression to indirectly upregulate ATGs expression, and thereof participate in autophagy-mediated chemoresistance and metastasis. Here, we attempt to summarize the roles of ceRNAs in cancer chemoresistance and metastasis through autophagy regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Zhang
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310002, Zhejiang Province, China;
| | - Bingjian Lu
- Department of Surgical Pathology and Center for Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310002, Zhejiang Province, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-89991702
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Kong R. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0085131 is involved in cisplatin-resistance of non-small-cell lung cancer cells by regulating autophagy. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:1945-1956. [PMID: 32449799 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) continues to top the list of cancer mortalities worldwide. The role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in tumorigenesis has been increasingly appreciated, although it is relatively unexplored in NSCLC. Herein, we reported the role of hsa_circ_0085131 in NSCLC. In the present study, NSCLC tumor specimens exhibited a higher hsa_circ_0085131 level in comparison to para-tumor samples. And the higher level of hsa_circ_0085131 was associated with recurrence and poorer survival of NSCLC. Moreover, hsa_circ_0085131 promoted cell proliferation and cisplatin (DDP)-resistance. Furthermore, hsa_circ_0085131 regulated cell DDP-resistance by modulating autophagy. Hsa_circ_0085131 acted as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-654-5p to release autophagy-associated factor ATG7 expression, thereby promoting cell chemoresistance. In conclusion, hsa_circ_0085131 enhances DDP-resistance of NSCLC cells through sequestering miR-654-5p to upregulate ATG7, leading to cell autophagy. Therefore, these findings advocate targeting the hsa_circ_0085131/miR-654-5p/ATG7 axis as a potential therapeutic option for patients with NSCLC who are resistant to DDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kong
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of ChongQing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhao X, Wang Y, He J, Deng R, Huang X, Guo Y, Li L, Xie R, Yu J. LncRNA UCA1 maintains the low-tumorigenic and nonmetastatic status by stabilizing E-cadherin in primary prostate cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:1174-1187. [PMID: 32805084 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) have emerged as important players in cancer biology. Increasing evidence suggests that LncRNAs are frequently dysregulated in cancer and may function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1), a LncRNA, firstly identified in bladder transitional cell carcinoma, seems to act as an oncogene in many different types of human cancers by promoting cell proliferation and migration. In this study, we revealed a novel biological function of UCA1, which was different from that reported by previous studies, was responsible for maintaining the low-tumorigenic, nonmetastatic phenotypes in primary prostate epithelial cells. UCA1 could stabilize E-cadherin protein by preventing the interaction between E-cadherin and its E3 ligase MDM2, which suppressed MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of E-cadherin. In addition, we also found that UCA1 acted as a sponge of miR-296-3p, which targeted E-cadherin gene CDH1 messenger RNA at the posttranscription level. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that UCA1 had a new important role in effectively keeping E-cadherin at a high level through a dual mechanism, which maintained primary prostate cancer cells at the low-tumorigenic and nonmetastatic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Faculty of Health of Sciences, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yanmin Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiyu Xie
- Faculty of Health of Sciences, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Jianxiu Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Basic Clinical Research Center, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Barth DA, Juracek J, Slaby O, Pichler M, Calin GA. lncRNA and Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Cancers of the Genitourinary System. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082148. [PMID: 32756406 PMCID: PMC7463785 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Available systemic treatment options for cancers of the genitourinary system have experienced great progress in the last decade. However, a large proportion of patients eventually develop resistance to treatment, resulting in disease progression and shorter overall survival. Biomarkers indicating the increasing resistance to cancer therapies are yet to enter clinical routine. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are non-protein coding RNA transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that exert multiple types of regulatory functions of all known cellular processes. Increasing evidence supports the role of lncRNAs in cancer development and progression. Additionally, their involvement in the development of drug resistance across various cancer entities, including genitourinary malignancies, are starting to be discovered. Consequently, lncRNAs have been suggested as factors in novel therapeutic strategies to overcome drug resistance in cancer. In this review, the existing evidences on lncRNAs and their involvement in mechanisms of drug resistance in cancers of the genitourinary system, including renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and testicular cancer, will be highlighted and discussed to facilitate and encourage further research in this field. We summarize a significant number of lncRNAs with proposed pathways in drug resistance and available reported studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik A. Barth
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (D.A.B.); (M.P.)
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Jaroslav Juracek
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pichler
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (D.A.B.); (M.P.)
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Geisslinger F, Müller M, Vollmar AM, Bartel K. Targeting Lysosomes in Cancer as Promising Strategy to Overcome Chemoresistance-A Mini Review. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1156. [PMID: 32733810 PMCID: PMC7363955 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, cancer remains a worldwide leading cause of death, with a still rising incidence. This is essentially caused by the fact, that despite the abundance of therapeutic targets and treatment strategies, insufficient response and multidrug resistance frequently occur. Underlying mechanisms are multifaceted and extensively studied. In recent research, it became evident, that the lysosome is of importance in drug resistance phenotypes. While it has long been considered just as cellular waste bag, it is now widely known that lysosomes play an important role in important cellular signaling processes and are in the focus of cancer research. In that regard lysosomes are now considered as so-called "drug safe-houses" in which chemotherapeutics are trapped passively by diffusion or actively by lysosomal P-glycoprotein activity, which prevents them from reaching their intracellular targets. Furthermore, alterations in lysosome to nucleus signaling by the transcription factor EB (TFEB)-mTORC1 axis are implicated in development of chemoresistance. The identification of lysosomes as essential players in drug resistance has introduced novel strategies to overcome chemoresistance and led to innovate therapeutic approaches. This mini review gives an overview of the current state of research on the role of lysosomes in chemoresistance, summarizing underlying mechanisms and treatment strategies and critically discussing open questions and drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Geisslinger
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Müller
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Angelika M Vollmar
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karin Bartel
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Department Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Pan R, Zhou H. Exosomal Transfer of lncRNA H19 Promotes Erlotinib Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via miR-615-3p/ATG7 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:4283-4297. [PMID: 32606925 PMCID: PMC7294568 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s241095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Drug resistance restrains the effect of drug therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the mechanism of the acquisition of drug resistance remains largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the effect of exosomal lncRNA H19 on erlotinib resistance in NSCLC and the underlying mechanism. Methods HCC827 and A549 cells were continuously grafted into erlotinib-containing culture medium to establish erlotinib-resistant cell lines. The expression of H19 and miR-615-3p was detected by qRT-PCR. The protein levels of MMP2, MMP9, CD9, CD63 and ATG7 were measured by Western blot. Cell viability and proliferation were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, respectively. Migration and invasion were assessed by transwell assay. Xenograft tumor models were used to investigate the effect of H19 on erlotinib resistance in vivo. Online software and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to predicate the downstream targets and confirm the targeted relationships. Results H19 was upregulated in erlotinib-resistant cells, and knockdown of H19 inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in erlotinib-resistant cells. Extracellular H19 can be packaged into exosomes. Exosomes containing H19 induced erlotinib resistance of sensitive cells, while knockdown of H19 abolished this effect. miR-615-3p was a target of H19 and can bind to ATG7. Exosomal H19 affected erlotinib resistance of erlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells via targeting miR-615-3p to regulate ATG7 expression. In addition, the serum exosomal H19 was upregulated in patients with erlotinib resistance. Furthermore, downregulated H19 decreased the resistance of tumor cells to erlotinib in vivo. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that exosomal H19 facilitated erlotinib resistance in NSCLC via miR-615-3p/ATG7 axis, which might provide a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongtao Pan
- Department of Oncology, Taishan Hospital of Shandong Province, Taian 271000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Guo J, Li Y, Duan H, Yuan L. Metformin Suppresses the Proliferation and Promotes the Apoptosis of Colon Cancer Cells Through Inhibiting the Expression of Long Noncoding RNA-UCA1. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:4169-4181. [PMID: 32523353 PMCID: PMC7234977 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s245091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE LncRNA-UCA1 has been proven to facilitate the proliferation and metastasis of colon cancer. Whether metformin inhibits the progression of colon cancer by suppressing lncRNA-UCA1 remains unknown. In this research, we aimed to explore the role of Metformin playing in pathogenesis of colon cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using qRT-PCR, we measured the expression of five tumor-promoting lncRNAs in SW480 and SW620 colon cancer cells. Then, we conducted Western blotting and immunohistochemistry to evaluate the effects of MET or UCA1 knockdown or the combined MET+ UCA1 knockdown on the activities of the PI3K/AKT and ERK pathways in vitro and in tumor tissues obtained from tumor-bearing nude mice. RESULTS The results from CCK-8 assays showed that MET dose-dependently and time-dependently inhibited the viability of the colon cancer cells in vitro. Flow cytometry revealed that MET promoted the apoptosis of the SW480 and SW620 cells. qRT-PCR showed that lncRNA-UCA1 had the highest expression among the five lncRNAs. Suppressing UCA1 expression by siRNA or shRNA could further enhance the metformin-mediated anticancer effects against colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. Metformin decreased the UCA1 expression and further inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of the colon cancer cells, which were associated with inactivation of the PI3K/AKT and ERK signaling pathways in vitro and in the tumor tissues obtained from the mice. CONCLUSION These results indicated that metformin has potential anticancer properties and revealed the anticancer mechanisms of metformin against colon cancer via regulating lncRNA-UCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - He Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Duan Q, Xu M, Wu M, Zhang X, Gan M, Jiang H. Long noncoding RNA UCA1 promotes cell growth, migration, and invasion by targeting miR-143-3p in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2020; 9:3115-3129. [PMID: 32130788 PMCID: PMC7196043 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) is dysregulated in many types of tumors; however, its role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. This study aims to determine the effect of lncRNA UCA1 on OSCC. METHODS Fifty-six paired OSCC and adjacent nontumorous tissues were collected and the levels of UCA1, miR-143-3p, and MYO6 in the tissues were evaluated by qRT-PCR. In in vitro experiments, cell viability, migration, and invasion were measured by, respectively, performing CCK-8, wound healing, and transwell assays. The target relationships among UCA1, miR-143-3p, and MYO6 were verified by dual-luciferase assay. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were carried out to determine the protein levels. Xenograft mouse model was established to explore the effects of UCA1 in vivo. RESULTS Levels of UCA1 and MYO6 were increased significantly in OSCC, while the level of miR-143-3p was decreased compared with the adjacent nontumorous tissues. UCA1 promoted OSCC cell growth, migration, and invasion both in vitro and in vivo, while miR-143-3p reversed the progression. MYO6 was validated as a target for miR-143-3p, and MYO6 overexpression reversed the effects of miR-143-3p mimic on OSCC cells. CONCLUSION LncRNA UCA1 contributes to the proliferation and metastasis of OSCC cells by targeting miR-143-3p and upregulating its downstream gene MYO6. UCA1 could serve as a promising novel target therapy for treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalMedical College of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Mei Xu
- Department of OphtalmologyHangzhou Jianggan District People's HospitalHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityHuaianJiangsuChina
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalMedical College of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Min Gan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryAffiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalMedical College of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
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Li JJ, Chen XF, Wang M, Zhang PP, Zhang F, Zhang JJ. Long non-coding RNA UCA1 promotes autophagy by targeting miR-96-5p in acute myeloid leukaemia. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:877-885. [PMID: 31953866 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) has been identified as an oncogene and is involved in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Autophagy contributes to tumourigenesis and cancer cell survival. The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulatory role and mechanism of UCA1 in AML cell viability by its effect on autophagy. The expression of UCA1, miR-96-5p, and ATG7 was determined by qRT-PCR and western blot. Cell proliferation was examined by MTT assay. The autophagy level was assessed by green fluorescent protein (GFP)-LC3 immunofluorescence and western blot. The interaction between UCA1 and miR-96-5p or ATG7 was analyzed by luciferase reporter activity. The results showed that UCA1 promoted AML cell proliferation by inducing autophagy. Mechanistically, UCA1 acted as a sponge of miR-96-5p by binding to miR-96-5p. ATG7 was a direct target of miR-96-5p and positively regulated by UCA1. Further results showed that the miR-96-5p mimic effectively counteracted the UCA1 overexpression-mediated induction of the ATG7/autophagy pathway. Collectively, UCA1 functions as a sponge of miR-96-5p to upregulate its target ATG7, thereby resulting in autophagy induction. Our findings reveal a UCA1-mediated molecular mechanism responsible for autophagy induction in AML and help to improve the understanding of the molecular mechanism of AML progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jia Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiao Feng Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Ping Ping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jing Jing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
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Liu C, Jiang F, Zhang X, Xu X. Long Non-Coding RNA UCA1 Modulates Paclitaxel Resistance in Breast Cancer via miR-613/CDK12 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2777-2788. [PMID: 32425595 PMCID: PMC7196438 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s241969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Paclitaxel (PTX) occupies a considerable status in the chemotherapies of breast cancer (BC), but the drug resistance keeps an obstructive factor of PTX treatment. This study was designed to explore the molecular mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) in PTX resistance of BC. Methods UCA1, microRNA-613 (miR-613) and cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) expression was assayed through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was implemented for evaluating the half inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of PTX and cell viability. Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. The target relationship was explored using dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. CDK12 protein level was detected through Western blot. Xenograft tumor assay was applied for assessing the influence of UCA1 on PTX resistance of BC in vivo. Results UCA1 expressed highly in PTX-resistant BC tissues and cells and regulated PTX resistance in BC cells by affecting cell viability and apoptosis in part. UCA1 negatively interacted with miR-613 and modulated PTX resistance via sponging miR-613. CDK12 was a downstream gene of miR-613 and miR-613 exerted the modulation of PTX resistance via targeting CDK12. Furthermore, UCA1 regulated CDK12 level through interacting with miR-613. The regulatory role of UCA1 in PTX resistance of BC was achieved by miR-613/CDK12 axis in vivo. Conclusion UCA1 mediated PTX resistance in BC through the miR-613/CDK12 axis, manifesting that UCA1 might improve the PTX treatment of BC as a significant therapeutic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shenxian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaocheng, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiulong Xu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Wang X, He H, Rui W, Xie X, Wang D, Zhu Y. Long Non-Coding RNA BCAR4 Binds to miR-644a and Targets TLX1 to Promote the Progression of Bladder Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2483-2490. [PMID: 32273720 PMCID: PMC7102885 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s232965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer is a serious threat to human health. It is meaningful to study the pathogenesis of bladder cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported to promote or inhibit bladder cancer development. However, the role of lncRNA BCAR4 in the regulation of bladder cancer remains unclear. Purpose This study was to explore the role of lncRNA BCAR4 in the progression of bladder cancer cell. Methods RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of BCAR4 and miR-644a. CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, Transwell assay were used to detect the progression of bladder cancer cells after transfecting of indicated plasmids. Results The expression of BCAR4 was higher in bladder cancer cell lines than normal urothelial cell line. Moreover, the expression of BCAR4 was associated with the advanced stage and metastasis of bladder cancer. Through knockdown of BCAR4, we discovered that knockdown of BCAR4 significantly decreased the proliferation, migration and invasive abilities of bladder cancer cells. Mechanically, we showed that BCAR4 can bind to miR-644a directly and targets TLX1. Moreover, we also showed that miR-644a was also highly expressed in bladder cancer cells and inhibition of miR-644a or overexpression of TLX1 can increased the migration abilities of bladder cancer caused by knockdown of BCAR4. Conclusion We showed that BCAR4 sponged miR-644a to modulate the expression of TLX1 and promote bladder cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchao He
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Rui
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xie
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
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Kubota S, Ishikawa T, Kawata K, Hattori T, Nishida T. Retrotransposons Manipulating Mammalian Skeletal Development in Chondrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051564. [PMID: 32106563 PMCID: PMC7084347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Retrotransposons are genetic elements that copy and paste themselves in the host genome through transcription, reverse-transcription, and integration processes. Along with their proliferation in the genome, retrotransposons inevitably modify host genes around the integration sites, and occasionally create novel genes. Even now, a number of retrotransposons are still actively editing our genomes. As such, their profound role in the evolution of mammalian genomes is obvious; thus, their contribution to mammalian skeletal evolution and development is also unquestionable. In mammals, most of the skeletal parts are formed and grown through a process entitled endochondral ossification, in which chondrocytes play central roles. In this review, current knowledge on the evolutional, physiological, and pathological roles of retrotransposons in mammalian chondrocyte differentiation and cartilage development is summarized. The possible biological impact of these mobile genetic elements in the future is also discussed.
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