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Barati T, Mirzaei Z, Ebrahimi A, Shekari Khaniani M, Mansoori Derakhshan S. miR-449a: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Cancer and Other Diseases. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:1629-1650. [PMID: 38809350 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
In the regulation of gene expression, epigenetic factors like non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play an equal role in genetics. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs), which are members of the ncRNA family, in post-transcriptional gene regulation is well-documented and has important implications for both normal and abnormal biological processes, such as angiogenesis, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to synthesize previous research on miR-449a by analyzing published results from various databases, as there have been a number of investigations on miR-449's potential involvement in the development of human disorders. Based on our findings, miR-449 is strongly dysregulated in a wide range of diseases, from various cancers to cardiovascular diseases, cognitive impairments, and respiratory diseases, and it may play a pivotal role in the development of these problems. In addition, miR-449a functions as a crucial regulator of the expression of several well-known genes, including E2F-3, BCL2, NOTCH1, and SOX4. This, in turn, modulates various pathways and processes related to cancer, including Notch, PI3K, and TGF-β, and contributes to the improvement of cancer drug sensitivity. Curiously, abnormalities in the expression of this miRNA may serve as diagnostic or prognostic indicators for distinguishing between healthy people and patients or to evaluate the survival rates for specific disorders. This article provides a synopsis of the current understanding of miR-449a's role in human disease development through its regulation of gene expression and the biological processes related to these genes and their linked processes. In addition, we have covered the topic of miR-449a's potential as a clinical feature (diagnosis and prognosis) indicator for a range of disorders, both neoplastic and non-neoplastic. In general, our goal was to gain a thorough comprehension of the numerous functions of miR-449a in different disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Barati
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ebrahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shekari Khaniani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sima Mansoori Derakhshan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Mahboobnia K, Beveridge DJ, Yeoh GC, Kabir TD, Leedman PJ. MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Pathogenesis: Insights into Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9393. [PMID: 39273339 PMCID: PMC11395074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents a significant global health burden, with alarming statistics revealing its rising incidence and high mortality rates. Despite advances in medical care, HCC treatment remains challenging due to late-stage diagnosis, limited effective therapeutic options, tumor heterogeneity, and drug resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted substantial attention as key regulators of HCC pathogenesis. These small non-coding RNA molecules play pivotal roles in modulating gene expression, implicated in various cellular processes relevant to cancer development. Understanding the intricate network of miRNA-mediated molecular pathways in HCC is essential for unraveling the complex mechanisms underlying hepatocarcinogenesis and developing novel therapeutic approaches. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive review of recent experimental and clinical discoveries regarding the complex role of miRNAs in influencing the key hallmarks of HCC, as well as their promising clinical utility as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Mahboobnia
- Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Dianne J Beveridge
- Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - George C Yeoh
- Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Tasnuva D Kabir
- Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Peter J Leedman
- Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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Wu M, Sun T, Xing L. Circ_0004913 Inhibits Cell Growth, Metastasis, and Glycolysis by Absorbing miR-184 to Regulate HAMP in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2023; 38:708-719. [PMID: 33021399 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.3779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Circular RNA (circRNA) can regulate the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role and potential mechanism of circ_0004913 in HCC are not explored. Methods: Circ_0004913 was identified from two GSE datasets (GSE94508 and GSE97322) as a differentially expressed circRNA between HCC and normal tissues. Levels of circ_0004913, microRNA-184 (miR-184), and hepcidin (HAMP) were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were estimated by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium, colony formation, and Transwell assays, respectively. Levels of all proteins were examined by Western blot. Glucose consumption and lactate and ATP production were analyzed by the glucose, lactate, and ATP assay kits. Dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down assays were performed to verify the interactions among miR-184 and circ_0004913 or HAMP. The mice xenograft models were established to assess the effect of circ_0004913 on tumor growth in vivo. Results: Circ_0004913 was downregulated in HCC, and its expression impeded cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, EMT, and glycolysis in HCC cells. miR-184 was identified as a target miRNA of circ_0004913, and their expression levels were negatively correlated. miR-184 overexpression could reverse the inhibitory effect of circ_0004913 on HCC cell progression. Moreover, as a target gene of miR-184, HAMP expression was positively correlated with circ_0004913 expression in HCC tissues, and repression of miR-184 could inhibit the progression of HCC cells by increasing HAMP expression. Circ_0004913 could inhibit JAK2/STAT3/AKT signaling pathway and tumor growth in vivo by regulating the miR-184/HAMP axis. Conclusion: Circ_0004913 inhibited the tumorigenesis of HCC by sponging miR-184 to regulate HAMP expression in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tanlezi Sun
- Basic Medical College, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianjun Xing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Li L, Xun C, Yu CH. Role of microRNA-regulated cancer stem cells in recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:1985-1996. [PMID: 36618329 PMCID: PMC9813843 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i12.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the most common cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high rate of tumor recurrence, tumor dormancy, and drug resistance after initial successful chemotherapy or radiotherapy. A small subset of cancer cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs), exhibit stem cell characteristics and are present in various cancers, including HCC. The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) often accompanies the occurrence and development of HCC. miRNAs can influence tumorigenesis, progression, recurrence, and drug resistance by regulating CSCs properties, which supports their clinical utility in managing and treating HCC. This review summarizes the regulatory effects of miRNAs on CSCs in HCC with a special focus on their impact on HCC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Chen Xun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou 412000, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chun-Hong Yu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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Zhou Y, Liu F, Ma C, Cheng Q. Involvement of microRNAs and their potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic role in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24673. [PMID: 36036748 PMCID: PMC9551129 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 85%-90% of primary liver cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting the 3'UTR of mRNA. Abnormal expression and regulation of miRNAs are involved in the occurrence and progression of HCC, and miRNAs can also play a role in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. METHODS In the past decades, a large number of studies have shown that miRNAs play an essential regulatory role in HCC and have potential as biomarkers for HCC. We reviewed the literature to summarize these studies. RESULTS By reviewing the literature, we retrospected the roles of miRNAs in the development, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of HCC, and put forward prospects for the further research on miRNAs in the precision treatment of HCC. CONCLUSION MicroRNAs are important regulators and biomarkers in the occurrence, progression, outcome, and treatment of HCC, and can provide new targets and strategies for improving the therapeutic effect of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chunyang Ma
- Department of Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qiong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Peng Z, Ouyang X, Wang Y, Fan Q. MAPKAPK5-AS1 drives the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via regulating miR-429/ZEB1 axis. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:21. [PMID: 35468721 PMCID: PMC9036786 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-022-00420-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) partake in the progression of HCC. However, the role of lncRNA MAPKAPK5-AS1 in the development of HCC has not been fully clarified. Methods RNA sequencing data and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were adopted to analyze MAPKAPK5-AS1, miR-429 and ZEB1 mRNA expressions in HCC tissues and cell lines. Western blot was used to detect ZEB1, E-cadherin and N-cadherin protein expressions. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), Transwell and flow cytometry assays were adopted to analyze the effects of MAPKAPK5-AS1 on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. Besides, luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the targeting relationship between miR-429 and MAPKAPK5-AS1 or ZEB1 3’UTR. The xenograft tumor mouse models were used to explore the effect of MAPKAPK5-AS1 on lung metastasis of HCC cells. Results MAPKAPK5-AS1 and ZEB1 expressions were up-regulated in HCC tissues, and miR-429 expression is down-regulated in HCC tissues. MAPKAPK5-AS1 knockdown could significantly impede HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as promote cell apoptosis. MAPKAPK5-AS1 overexpression could enhance L02 cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT, and inhibit cell apoptosis. MiR-429 was validated to be the target of MAPKAPK5-AS1, and miR-429 inhibitors could partially offset the effects of knocking down MAPKAPK5-AS1 on HCC cells. MAPKAPK5-AS1 could positively regulate ZEB1 expression through repressing miR-429. Moreover, fewer lung metastatic nodules were observed in the lung tissues of nude mice when the MAPKAPK5-AS1 was knocked down in HCC cells. Conclusion MAPKAPK5-AS1 can adsorb miR-429 to promote ZEB1 expression to participate in the development of HCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12860-022-00420-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongqing Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Zhongyuan Road No.7, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xinhua Ouyang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Zhongyuan Road No.7, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Yexing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Zhongyuan Road No.7, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiming Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Zhongyuan Road No.7, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei Province, China.
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Deng G, Luo Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, He Z. Enabled homolog (ENAH) regulated by RNA binding protein splicing factor 3b subunit 4 (SF3B4) exacerbates the proliferation, invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via Notch signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:2194-2206. [PMID: 35030977 PMCID: PMC8973836 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2023983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Enabled homolog (ENAH) is an actin-binding protein that implicated in multiple malignant tumors. High ENAH expression has been verified to be associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to reveal the role of ENAH in HCC and the potential mechanism. ENAH expression in HCC tissues and the prognostic correlation were analyzed by GEPIA2 database. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to test ENAH expression in HCC cells. Following ENAH silencing, cell proliferation was estimated by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Transwell and wound healing assays were to assess cell invasion and migration. ENCORI database was to analyze the correlation between ENAH and splicing factor 3b subunit 4 (SF3B4) in HCC tissues, which was then verified by RIP and actinomycin D assay. Then, the expression of Notch signaling-related proteins was detected by Western blotting after ENAH knockdown. Afterward, Notch1 was overexpressed to validate whether ENAH impacted the biological events of HCC cells through mediating Notch signaling. Results revealed that ENAH expression was elevated in HCC tissues and cells and associated with poor prognosis. ENAH deficiency mitigated proliferation, invasion and migration of HCC cells. Mechanistically, ENAH was positively correlated with SF3B4 in HCC tissues. SF3B4 could bind to ENAH mRNA and stabilized ENAH. Besides, ENAH activated Notch signaling. Notch1 up-regulation reversed the influence of ENAH knockdown on biological events of HCC cells. Collectively, ENAH regulated by SF3B4 promoted the development of HCC through activating Notch signaling, which identified ENAH as a potent molecular target for HCC therapy and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoming Deng
- The 2nd Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, China
| | - Yufeng Luo
- The 2nd Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, China
| | - Yaoming Zhang
- The 2nd Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, China.,The 3rd Department of Medical Oncology, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, China
| | - Zongyun He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, China.,The Department of Hepatology, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, China
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Chen J, Jiang T, Yu B, Li T, Zhao P, Yuan L, Qi J. Upregulation of microRNA-1303 is a potential prognostic marker of non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Biomark 2021; 28:439-446. [PMID: 32508320 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-201461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the major subtype of lung cancer, imposing a huge disease burden worldwide. MicroRNA-1303 (miR-1303) has been demonstrated to be involved in several diseases, including cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of miR-1303 in NSCLC. METHODS We quantified the expression levels of miR-1303 in NSCLC tissues and cells using the qRT-PCR assay. Then the association between miR-1303 expression and clinical characteristics of patients was analyzed using the χ2 test. The Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression assays were used to investigate the prognostic value of miR-1303 in NSCLC. Furthermore, the functional proliferation, migration, and invasion assays were used to explore the miR-1303 functions in vitro. RESULTS The expression of miR-1303 was upregulated in NSCLC tissue samples and cells. The upregulation of miR-1303 was associated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. The survival time of NSCLC patients with high expression of miR-1303 was shorter than those with low expression. The functional analyses revealed that overexpression of miR-1303 in H1299 and A549 cells promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. CONCLUSION These results suggest that miR-1303 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for NSCLC and be involved in the progression of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Respiration, Liaocheng People's Hopsital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Department of Respiration, Liaocheng People's Hopsital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Respiration, Liaocheng People's Hopsital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hopsital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Peige Zhao
- Department of Respiration, Liaocheng People's Hopsital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Lindong Yuan
- Department of Respiration, Liaocheng People's Hopsital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Respiration, Liaocheng People's Hopsital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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Hua R, Chu QJ, Zhou Y, Zhou X, Huang DX, Zhu YT. MicroRNA-449a Suppresses Mouse Spermatogonia Proliferation via Inhibition of CEP55. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:595-602. [PMID: 33095425 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00354-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
At present, infertile patients with maturation arrest (MA) are difficult to obtain mature sperm. Spermatogenesis and its molecular mechanism are still not clear. Patients with MA and normal spermatogenesis (NS) were collected. iTRAQ-based proteomic approach was performed to reveal the different proteins between them. To validate the confidence of proteome data, the individual samples were analyzed by Western blotting (WB), quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and immunofluorescence. The miR-449a and CEP55 were determined by Luciferase assay. Mouse GC-1 cells were transfected with CEP55 siRNAs, miR-449a mimic, or inhibitor, and cell proliferation was determined. Compared with NS, 27 proteins were differentially expressed in MA, and CEP55 protein was the most significant difference. WB and qPCR showed that CEP55 levels were significantly elevated in NS than MA. In transfected cells, overexpression of miR-449a and knockdown of CEP55 both downregulated CEP55 expression and decreased cell proliferation. miR-449a suppresses mouse spermatogonia proliferation via inhibition of CEP55.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hua
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qing-Jun Chu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Da-Xiong Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yong-Tong Zhu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Chen Z, Xie H, Hu M, Huang T, Hu Y, Sang N, Zhao Y. Recent progress in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2993-3036. [PMID: 33042631 PMCID: PMC7539784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In the past decade, there have been improvements in non-drug therapies and drug therapies for HCC treatment. Non-drug therapies include hepatic resection, liver transplantation, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and ablation. The former two surgical treatments are beneficial for patients with early and mid-stage HCC. As the first choice for non-surgical treatment, different TACE methods has been developed and widely used in combination therapy. Ablation has become an important alternative therapy for the treatment of small HCC or cases of unresectable surgery. Meanwhile, the drugs including small molecule targeted drugs like sorafenib and lenvatinib, monoclonal antibodies such as nivolumab are mainly used for the systematic treatment of advanced HCC. Besides strategies described above are recommended as first-line therapies due to their significant increase in mean overall survival, there are also potential drugs in clinical trials or under preclinical development. In addition, a number of potential preclinical surgical or adjuvant therapies are being studied, such as oncolytic virus, mesenchymal stem cells, biological clock, gut microbiome composition and peptide vaccine, all of which have shown different degrees of inhibition on HCC. With some potential anti-HCC drugs being reported, many promising therapeutic targets in related taxonomic signaling pathways including cell cycle, epigenetics, tyrosine kinase and so on that affect the progression of HCC have also been found. Together, the rational application of existing therapies and drugs as well as the new strategies will bring a bright future for the global cure of HCC in the coming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqian Chen
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Xie
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingming Hu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Tianyi Huang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanan Hu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Na Sang
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
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Zhao W, Jiang X, Yang S. lncRNA TUG1 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Regulating miR-29c-3p/ COL1A1 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6837-6847. [PMID: 32821161 PMCID: PMC7425090 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s256624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) has been recognized as a novel oncogenic gene. The current study was established to explore the function and regulatory mechanism of TUG1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of TUG1, miR-29c-3p, and COL1A1 in tissues and cell lines. MTT assay, wound-healing and transwell assay were utilized for the detection of cell viability, migration and invasion, respectively. The interactions between miR-29c-3p and TUG1/COL1A1 were predicted by starBase v2.0 (http://starbase.sysu.edu.cn/) and verified by the dual-luciferase reporter or RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Western blot assay was performed to determine the protein levels of COL1A1, cyclin D1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Bcl-2, and Bax. Results Dramatically increased expression of TUG1 was noticed in HCC tissues and cell lines. TUG1 knockdown restrained the proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted the apoptosis of HCC cells. TUG1 targeted miR-29c-3p and inhibited miR-29c-3p expression. Overexpression of miR-29c-3p inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells. MiR-29c-3p directly targeted COL1A1 and down-regulated COL1A1 expression. In addition, downregulation of miR-29c-3p and upregulation of COL1A1 both reversed the effects of TUG1 knockdown on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. Conclusion TUG1 could promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells through regulating miR-29c-3p/COL1A1 axis. This novel finding might provide a latent target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of Functional Examination, The Sixth People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao City, Shandong Province 266033, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Health Examination Center, The Sixth People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao City, Shandong Province 266033, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxia Yang
- Health Examination Center, The Sixth People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao City, Shandong Province 266033, People's Republic of China
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