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Tan L, Zhang H, Ding Y, Huang Y, Sun D. CRTAC1 identified as a promising diagnosis and prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11223. [PMID: 38755183 PMCID: PMC11099150 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
CRTAC1, one of the pyroptosis-related genes, has been identified as a protective factor in certain kinds of cancer, such as gastric adenocarcinoma and bladder cancer. The study aimed to investigate the role of CRTAC1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). LUAD datasets were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), pyroptosis-related genes from GeneCard. Limma package used to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and weighted genes co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify CRTAC1 as hub gene. CRTAC1 expression was confirmed in a real-world cohort using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western Blot (WB) analyses. Cellular experiments were conducted to investigate CRTAC1's potential oncogenic mechanisms. CRTAC1 mRNA expression was significantly lower in LUAD tissues (p < 0.05) and showed high accuracy in diagnosing LUAD. Reduced CRTAC1 expression was associated with a poor prognosis. Higher CRTAC1 expression correlated with increased immune cell infiltration. Individuals with high CRTAC1 expression showed increased drug sensitivity. Additionally, qPCR and WB analyses showed that CRTAC1 expression was lower in tumor tissue compared to adjacent normal tissue at both the RNA and protein levels. Upregulation of CRTAC1 significantly inhibited LUAD cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in cellular experiments. CRTAC1 has the potential to serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tan
- Tianjin Medical University Graduate School, Tianjin, China
- Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Graduate School, Tianjin, China
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Ding
- Tianjin Medical University Graduate School, Tianjin, China
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yangyun Huang
- Tianjin Medical University Graduate School, Tianjin, China
- Clinical School of Thoracic, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Daqiang Sun
- Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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Abstract
Current lung cancer screening protocols use low-dose computed tomography scans in selected high-risk individuals. Unfortunately, utilization is low, and the rate of false-positive screens is high. Peripheral biomarkers carry meaningful promise in diagnosing and monitoring cancer with added potential advantages reducing invasive procedures and improving turnaround time. Herein, the use of such blood-based assays is considered as an adjunct to further utilization and accuracy of lung cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Deboever
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Edwin J Ostrin
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mara B Antonoff
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Suazo-Zepeda E, Vinke PC, Heuvelmans MA, Sidorenkov G, Hiltermann TJN, de Bock GH. Quality of life after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors for lung cancer; the impact of age. Lung Cancer 2023; 176:89-97. [PMID: 36628904 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized lung cancer treatment. However, it remains unclear as to whether changes in Health-Related Quality-of-Life (HRQoL) are associated with the age of lung cancer patients treated using ICIs. This study aimed to evaluate this possible association and to compare ICI-treated patients' HRQoL scores with normative data of an age-matched non-cancer general population. METHODS Lung cancer patients from the OncoLifeS data-biobank were included if they were treated with ICIs, irrespective of other treatments, at the University Medical Center Groningen between 2015 and 2021 and had completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 (EORTCQLQ-C30), both at the start of ICI treatment and after six months. Association of age as a continuous variable (per 10 years) and changes in HRQoL scores between baseline and 6 months was assessed using multivariable regression analyses. Clinical relevance of differences in HRQoL scores between OncoLifeS and the general population was classified into trivial, small, medium, and large, for three age groups (<60, 60-69 and ≥ 70 years). RESULTS 151 patients were included with a mean age of 65.8 years. An increase in age per 10 years was associated with a larger decrease in the summary HRQoL score(β = -3.28,CI95%-6.42;-0.14), physical(β = -4.8, CI95% -8.71;-0.88), cognitive(β = -4.51,CI95%-8.24;-0.78), role functioning(β = -5.41,CI95%-10.78;-0.05), symptom burden(β = -3.66,CI95%-6.6;-0.73), and smaller negative changes in financial difficulties(β = 6.5 95 % CI 3.16; 9.85). OncoLifeS HRQoL scores were lower than those of the general population and differences were most often classified as large and medium. CONCLUSION Older lung cancer patients experience larger deteriorations in most HRQoL domains after 6 months of ICI treatment. Also, these patients showed significantly lower HRQoL scores compared to the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Suazo-Zepeda
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - P C Vinke
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M A Heuvelmans
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - G Sidorenkov
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - T J N Hiltermann
- Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - G H de Bock
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Improves Treatment for Early Resectable Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2085267. [PMID: 36213828 PMCID: PMC9546650 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2085267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective Immunotherapy has shown better efficacy and less toxicity than chemotherapy in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at advanced stage. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for resectable NSCLC. Methods Literature examination was performed by searching the PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase for articles evaluating the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for resectable NSCLC. The 95% confidence interval (CI) and effect sizes (ES) were evaluated. Heterogeneity and subgroup analysis were performed. Meta-analysis was carried out using Stata BE17 software. Results In total, 678 patients from eighteen studies were recruited in this meta-analysis. The pathological complete response (pCR) and major pathological response (MPR) were used to evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Significantly higher MPR values were observed in neoadjuvant immunotherapy (MPR : ES = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.33–0.55; pCR : ES = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.15–0.30) compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (MPR < 25% and PCR : ES = 2%–15%). Treatment-related adverse events (TRAE), surgical resection rate, surgical delay rate, and incidence of surgical complications were used to evaluate the safety. In summary, ES values for the incidence of TRAE, incidence of surgical complications, and surgical delay rate were 0.4, 0.24, and 0.04, respectively, that were significantly lower than those for neoadjuvant chemotherapy (95% CI: 0.04–0.90; 0.22–0.75; and 0.01–0.10, respectively). The mean surgical resection rate of 89% was similar to the reported 75%–90% resection rate with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (OR = 7.61, 95% CI: 4.90–11.81). Conclusion Neoadjuvant immunotherapy is safe and effective for resectable NSCLC.
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Cheong A, Nagel ZD. Human Variation in DNA Repair, Immune Function, and Cancer Risk. Front Immunol 2022; 13:899574. [PMID: 35935942 PMCID: PMC9354717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.899574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage constantly threatens genome integrity, and DNA repair deficiency is associated with increased cancer risk. An intuitive and widely accepted explanation for this relationship is that unrepaired DNA damage leads to carcinogenesis due to the accumulation of mutations in somatic cells. But DNA repair also plays key roles in the function of immune cells, and immunodeficiency is an important risk factor for many cancers. Thus, it is possible that emerging links between inter-individual variation in DNA repair capacity and cancer risk are driven, at least in part, by variation in immune function, but this idea is underexplored. In this review we present an overview of the current understanding of the links between cancer risk and both inter-individual variation in DNA repair capacity and inter-individual variation in immune function. We discuss factors that play a role in both types of variability, including age, lifestyle, and environmental exposures. In conclusion, we propose a research paradigm that incorporates functional studies of both genome integrity and the immune system to predict cancer risk and lay the groundwork for personalized prevention.
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Gupta S, Vundavilli H, Osorio RSA, Itoh MN, Mohsen A, Datta A, Mizuguchi K, Tripathi LP. Integrative Network Modeling Highlights the Crucial Roles of Rho-GDI Signaling Pathway in the Progression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2022; 26:4785-4793. [PMID: 35820010 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2022.3190038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent form of lung cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Using an integrative approach, we analyzed a publicly available merged NSCLC transcriptome dataset using machine learning, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and bayesian modeling to pinpoint key cellular factors and pathways likely to be involved with the onset and progression of NSCLC. First, we generated multiple prediction models using various machine learning classifiers to classify NSCLC and healthy cohorts. Our models achieved prediction accuracies ranging from 0.83 to 1.0, with XGBoost emerging as the best performer. Next, using functional enrichment analysis (and gene co-expression network analysis with WGCNA) of the machine learning feature-selected genes, we determined that genes involved in Rho GTPase signaling that modulate actin stability and cytoskeleton were likely to be crucial in NSCLC. We further assembled a PPI network for the feature-selected genes that was partitioned using Markov clustering to detect protein complexes functionally relevant to NSCLC. Finally, we modeled the perturbations in RhoGDI signaling using a bayesian network; our simulations suggest that aberrations in ARHGEF19 and/or RAC2 gene activities contributed to impaired MAPK signaling and disrupted actin and cytoskeleton organization and were arguably key contributors to the onset of tumorigenesis in NSCLC. We hypothesize that targeted measures to restore aberrant ARHGEF19 and/or RAC2 functions could conceivably rescue the cancerous phenotype in NSCLC. Our findings offer promising avenues for early predictive biomarker discovery, targeted therapeutic intervention and improved clinical outcomes in NSCLC.
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Kovács SA, Győrffy B. Transcriptomic datasets of cancer patients treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review. J Transl Med 2022; 20:249. [PMID: 35641998 PMCID: PMC9153191 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in the last decade has resulted in a paradigm shift in certain areas of oncology. Patients can be treated either by a monotherapy of anti-CTLA-4 (tremelimumab or ipilimumab), anti-PD-1 (nivolumab or pembrolizumab), or anti-PD-L1 (avelumab or atezolizumab or durvalumab) or as combination therapy of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1. To maximize the clinical treatment benefit of cancer immunotherapy, the prediction of the actual immune response by the identification and application of clinically useful biomarkers will be required. Whole transcriptomic datasets of patients with ICI treatment could provide the basis for large-scale discovery and ranking of such potential biomarker candidates. In this review, we summarize currently available transcriptomic data from different biological sources (whole blood, fresh-frozen tissue, FFPE) obtained by different methods (microarray, RNA-Seq, RT-qPCR). We directly include only results from clinical trials and other investigations where an ICI treatment was administered. The available datasets are grouped based on the administered treatment and we also summarize the most important results in the individual cohorts. We discuss the limitations and shortcomings of the available datasets. Finally, a subset of animal studies is reviewed to provide an overview of potential in vivo ICI investigations. Our review can provide a swift reference for researchers aiming to find the most suitable study for their investigation, thus saving a significant amount of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szonja Anna Kovács
- grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 7-9, 1094 Budapest, Hungary ,grid.429187.10000 0004 0635 9129Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Oncology Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 7-9, 1094, Budapest, Hungary. .,Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Oncology Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.
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Sotelo MJ, Luis García J, Torres-Mattos C, Milián H, Carracedo C, González-Ruiz MÁ, Mielgo-Rubio X, Trujillo-Reyes JC, Couñago F. Recent advances and new insights in the management of early-stage epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer. World J Clin Oncol 2021; 12:912-925. [PMID: 34733613 PMCID: PMC8546659 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i10.912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are candidates for curative surgery; however, despite multiple advances in lung cancer management, recurrence rates remain high. Adjuvant chemotherapy has been demonstrated to significantly prolong overall survival (OS), but this benefit is modest and there is an urgent need for effective new therapies to provide a cure for more patients. The high efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) against epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated (EGFR) in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC has led to the evaluation of these agents in early stages of the disease. Multiple clinical trials have evaluated the safety and efficacy of EGFR TKIs as an adjuvant treatment, in patients with resected EGFR-mutated NSCLC, and shown that they significantly prolong disease-free survival (DFS), but this benefit does not translate to OS. Recently, an interim analysis of the ADAURA trial demonstrated that, surprisingly, osimertinib improved DFS. This led to the study being stopped early, leaving many unanswered questions about its potential effect on OS and its incorporation as a standard adjuvant treatment in this patient subgroup. These targeted agents are also being evaluated in locally-advanced disease, with promising results, although prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these results. In this article, we review the most relevant studies on the role of EGFR TKIs in the management of early-stage EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel J Sotelo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital María Auxiliadora; Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Oncológico Aliada; Oncological Research Unit, Clínica San Gabriel, Lima 15801, Peru
| | - José Luis García
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Princesa; Department of Thoracic Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital HM, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Cesar Torres-Mattos
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara; Oncological Research Unit, Clínica San Gabriel, Lima 15033, Peru
| | - Héctor Milián
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Carlos Carracedo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Oncológico Aliada, Lima 15036, Peru
| | | | - Xabier Mielgo-Rubio
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón 28922, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Felipe Couñago
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid; Hospital La Luz; Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid 28223, Spain
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Allaeys T, Berzenji L, Van Schil PE. Surgery after Induction Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy for Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2603. [PMID: 34073302 PMCID: PMC8199385 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimodality therapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a complex and controversial issue, especially regarding optimal treatment regimens for patients with ipsilateral positive mediastinal nodes (N2 disease). Many trials investigating neoadjuvant immunotherapy and targeted therapy in this subpopulation have shown promising results, although concerns have risen regarding surgical feasibility. A thorough literature review was performed, analyzing all recent studies regarding surgical morbidity and mortality. Despite the fact that two major trials investigating this subject were terminated early, the overall consensus is that surgical management seems feasible. However, dissection of hilar vessels may be challenging due to hilar fibrosis. Further research is necessary to identify the role of surgery in these multimodality treatment regimens, and to define matters such as the optimal treatment regimen, the dosage of the different agents used, the interval between induction therapy and surgery, and the role of adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul E. Van Schil
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, B-2650 Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium; (T.A.); (L.B.)
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Ni J, Huang M, Zhang L, Wu N, Bai C, Chen L, Liang J, Liu Q, Wang J, Wu Y, Zhang F, Zhang S, Chen C, Chen J, Fang W, Gao S, Hu J, Jiang T, Li S, Li H, Liao Y, Liu Y, Liu D, Liu H, Liu J, Liu L, Wang M, Wang C, Yang F, Yang Y, Zhang L, Zhi X, Zhong W, Guan Y, Guo X, He C, Li S, Li Y, Liang N, Lu F, Lv C, Lv W, Si X, Tan F, Wang H, Wang J, Yan S, Yang H, Zhu H, Zhuang J, Zhuo M. Clinical recommendations for perioperative immunotherapy-induced adverse events in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:1469-1488. [PMID: 33787090 PMCID: PMC8088961 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Perioperative adjuvant treatment has become an increasingly important aspect of the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In particular, the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as antibodies against PD-1 and PD-L1, in patients with lung cancer has increased our expectations for the success of these therapeutics as neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Neoadjuvant therapy is widely used in patients with resectable stage IIIA NSCLC and can reduce primary tumor and lymph node stage, improve the complete resection rate, and eliminate microsatellite foci; however, complete pathological response is rare. Moreover, because the clinical benefit of neoadjuvant therapy is not obvious and may complicate surgery, it has not yet entered the mainstream of clinical treatment. Small-scale clinical studies performed in recent years have shown improvements in the major pathological remission rate after neoadjuvant therapy, suggesting that it will soon become an important part of NSCLC treatment. Nevertheless, neoadjuvant immunotherapy may be accompanied by serious adverse reactions that lead to delay or cancellation of surgery, additional illness, and even death, and have therefore attracted much attention. In this article, we draw on several sources of information, including (i) guidelines on adverse reactions related to immune checkpoint inhibitors, (ii) published data from large-scale clinical studies in thoracic surgery, and (iii) practical experience and published cases, to provide clinical recommendations on adverse events in NSCLC patients induced by perioperative immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ni
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Miao Huang
- Peking University Cancer HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Li Zhang
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Nan Wu
- Peking University Cancer HospitalBeijingChina
| | | | - Liang‐An Chen
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jun Liang
- Peking University International HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qian Liu
- Chinese Journal of Lung CancerBeijingChina
| | - Jie Wang
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for CancerCancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yi‐Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Feng‐Chun Zhang
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shu‐Yang Zhang
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Chun Chen
- Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina
| | - Jun Chen
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor MicroenvironmentTianjin Lung Cancer InstituteTianjinChina
| | - Wen‐Tao Fang
- Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shu‐Geng Gao
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for CancerCancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jian Hu
- The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina
| | - Tao Jiang
- Tangdu HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Shan‐Qing Li
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - He‐Cheng Li
- Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yong‐De Liao
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yang Liu
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - De‐Ruo Liu
- China‐Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Hong‐Xu Liu
- Cancer Hospital of China Medical UniversityLiaoning Cancer Hospital & InstituteShenyangChina
| | | | - Lun‐Xu Liu
- West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Meng‐Zhao Wang
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Chang‐Li Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Fan Yang
- Peking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yue Yang
- Peking University Cancer HospitalBeijingChina
| | | | - Xiu‐Yi Zhi
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wen‐Zhao Zhong
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Yu‐Zhou Guan
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xiao‐Xiao Guo
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Chun‐Xia He
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shao‐Lei Li
- Peking University Cancer HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yue Li
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Nai‐Xin Liang
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | | | - Chao Lv
- Peking University Cancer HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Wei Lv
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xiao‐Yan Si
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Feng‐Wei Tan
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for CancerCancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Han‐Ping Wang
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jiang‐Shan Wang
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shi Yan
- Peking University Cancer HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Hua‐Xia Yang
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Hui‐Juan Zhu
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jun‐Ling Zhuang
- Peking Union Medical HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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倪 军, 黄 淼, 张 力, 吴 楠, 白 春, 陈 良, 梁 军, 刘 谦, 王 洁, 吴 一, 张 奉, 张 抒, 陈 椿, 陈 军, 方 文, 高 树, 胡 坚, 姜 涛, 李 单, 李 鹤, 廖 永, 刘 阳, 刘 德, 刘 宏, 刘 建, 刘 伦, 王 孟, 王 长, 杨 帆, 杨 跃, 张 兰, 支 修, 钟 文, 管 宇, 郭 潇, 何 春, 李 少, 李 玥, 梁 乃, 鲁 方, 吕 超, 吕 玮, 斯 晓, 谭 锋, 王 汉, 王 江, 阎 石, 杨 华, 朱 惠, 庄 俊, 卓 明. [Clinical Recommendations for Perioperative Immunotherapy-induced Adverse Events in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2021; 24:141-160. [PMID: 33819964 PMCID: PMC8143963 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2021.101.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative treatment has become an increasingly important aspect of the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Small-scale clinical studies performed in recent years have shown improvements in the major pathological remission rate after neoadjuvant therapy, suggesting that it will soon become an important part of NSCLC treatment. Nevertheless, neoadjuvant immunotherapy may be accompanied by serious adverse reactions that lead to delay or cancelation of surgery, additional illness, and even death, and have therefore attracted much attention. The purpose of the clinical recommendations is to form a diagnosis and treatment plan suitable for the current domestic medical situation for the immune-related adverse event (irAE). METHODS This recommendation is composed of experts in thoracic surgery, oncologists, thoracic medicine and irAE related departments (gastroenterology, respirology, cardiology, infectious medicine, hematology, endocrinology, rheumatology, neurology, dermatology, emergency section) to jointly complete the formulation. Experts make full reference to the irAE guidelines, large-scale clinical research data published by thoracic surgery, and the clinical experience of domestic doctors and publicly published cases, and repeated discussions in multiple disciplines to form this recommendation for perioperative irAE. RESULTS This clinical recommendation covers the whole process of prevention, evaluation, examination, treatment and monitoring related to irAE, so as to guide the clinical work comprehensively and effectively. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative irAE management is an important part of immune perioperative treatment of lung cancer. With the continuous development of immune perioperative treatment, more research is needed in the future to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of perioperative irAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- 军 倪
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 淼 黄
- 100142 北京, 北京大学肿瘤医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China
| | - 力 张
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 楠 吴
- 100142 北京, 北京大学肿瘤医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China
| | - 春学 白
- 200032 上海, 复旦大学呼吸病研究所Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - 良安 陈
- 100853 北京, 中国人民解放军总医院The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 军 梁
- 102206 北京, 北京大学国际医院Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - 谦 刘
- 300052 天津, 天津医科大学总医院, 天津市肺癌研究所Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - 洁 王
- 100021 北京, 中国医学科学院肿瘤医院State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - 一龙 吴
- 510000 广州, 广东省人民医院Department of Pulmonary Cancer, Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - 奉春 张
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 抒扬 张
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 椿 陈
- 350001 福州, 福建医科大学附属协和医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - 军 陈
- 300052 天津, 天津医科大学总医院Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - 文涛 方
- 200030 上海, 上海市胸科医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - 树庚 高
- 100021 北京, 中国医学科学院肿瘤医院State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - 坚 胡
- 310003 杭州, 浙江大学医学院附属第一医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - 涛 姜
- 710038 西安, 空军军医大学第二附属医院(唐都医院)Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - 单青 李
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 鹤成 李
- 200025 上海, 上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - 永德 廖
- 430022 武汉, 华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430022, China
| | - 阳 刘
- 100853 北京, 中国人民解放军总医院The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 德若 刘
- 100029 北京, 中日友好医院China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - 宏旭 刘
- 110001 沈阳, 中国医科大学肿瘤医院 辽宁省肿瘤医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - 建阳 刘
- 130012 长春, 吉林省肿瘤医院Department of Thoracic Surgery-1, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130012, China
| | - 伦旭 刘
- 610041 成都, 四川大学华西医院19 Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 孟昭 王
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 长利 王
- 300060 天津, 天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - 帆 杨
- 100044 北京, 北京大学人民医院Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - 跃 杨
- 100142 北京, 北京大学肿瘤医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China
| | - 兰军 张
- 510060 广州, 中山大学附属肿瘤医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - 修益 支
- 100053 北京, 首都医科大学宣武医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - 文昭 钟
- 510000 广州, 广东省人民医院Department of Pulmonary Cancer, Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - 宇宙 管
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 潇潇 郭
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 春霞 何
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 少雷 李
- 100142 北京, 北京大学肿瘤医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China
| | - 玥 李
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 乃新 梁
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 方亮 鲁
- 100142 北京, 北京大学肿瘤医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China
| | - 超 吕
- 100142 北京, 北京大学肿瘤医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China
| | - 玮 吕
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 晓燕 斯
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 锋维 谭
- 100021 北京, 中国医学科学院肿瘤医院State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - 汉萍 王
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 江山 王
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 石 阎
- 100142 北京, 北京大学肿瘤医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China
| | - 华夏 杨
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 惠娟 朱
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 俊玲 庄
- 100730 北京, 中国医学科学院北京协和医院Peking Union Medical Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - 明磊 卓
- 100142 北京, 北京大学肿瘤医院Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China
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Machado-Rugolo J, Gutierrez Prieto T, Fabro AT, Parra Cuentas ER, Sá VK, Baldavira CM, Rainho CA, Castelli EC, Farhat C, Takagaki TY, Nagai MA, Capelozzi VL. Relevance of PD-L1 Non-Coding Polymorphisms on the Prognosis of a Genetically Admixed NSCLC Cohort. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:239-252. [PMID: 33623414 PMCID: PMC7894801 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s286717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Although non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a deadly disease, new predictive biomarkers have emerged to assist in managing the disease, of which one of the most promising is the programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD-L1). Each, PD-L1 variant seem to modulate the function of immune checkpoints differently and affect response to adjuvant treatment and outcome in NSCLC patients. We thus investigated the influence of these PD-L1 genetic variations in genetically admixed NSCLC tissue samples, and correlated these values with clinicopathological characteristics, including prognosis. Materials and Methods We evaluated PD-L1 non-coding genetic variants and protein expression in lung adenocarcinomas (ADC), squamous cell carcinomas (SqCC), and large cell carcinomas (LCC) in silico. Microarray paraffin blocks from 70 samples of ADC (N=33), SqCC (N=24), and LCC (N=13) were used to create PD-L1 multiplex immunofluorescence assays with a Cell Signaling E1L3N clone. Fifteen polymorphisms of the PD-L1 gene were investigated by targeted sequencing and evaluated in silico using dedicated tools. Results Although PD-L1 polymorphisms seemed not to interfere with protein expression, PD-L1 expression varied among different histological subtypes, as did clinical outcomes, with the rs4742098A>G, rs4143815G>C, and rs7041009G>A variants being associated with relapse (P=0.01; P=0.05; P=0.02, respectively). The rs7041009 GG genotype showed a significant correlation with younger and alive patients compared to carriers of the A allele (P=0.02 and P<0.01, respectively). The Cox regression model showed that the rs7041009 GG genotype may influence OS (P<0.01) as a co-dependent factor associated with radiotherapy and recurrence in NSCLC patients. Furthermore, the Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that rs7041009 and rs4742098 might impact PPS in relapsed patients. In silico approaches identified the variants as benign. Conclusion PD-L1 non-coding variants play an important role in modulating immune checkpoint function and may be explored as immunotherapy biomarkers. We highlight the rs7041009 variant, which impacts OS and PPS in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Machado-Rugolo
- Laboratory of Genomics and Histomorphometry, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Health Technology Assessment Center, Clinical Hospital (HCFMB), Medical School of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tabatha Gutierrez Prieto
- Laboratory of Genomics and Histomorphometry, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Todorovic Fabro
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Edwin Roger Parra Cuentas
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vanessa Karen Sá
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, Centro Internacional De Pesquisa (CIPE), AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Machado Baldavira
- Laboratory of Genomics and Histomorphometry, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Aparecida Rainho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erick C Castelli
- Molecular Genetics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), Medical School of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Medical School of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Farhat
- Laboratory of Genomics and Histomorphometry, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Teresa Yae Takagaki
- Division of Pneumology, Heart Institute (Incor), Clinical Hospital, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Nagai
- Department of Radiology and Oncology, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Cancer Institute of São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Luiza Capelozzi
- Laboratory of Genomics and Histomorphometry, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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13
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Yotsukura M, Nakagawa K, Suzuki K, Takamochi K, Ito H, Okami J, Aokage K, Shiono S, Yoshioka H, Aoki T, Tsutani Y, Okada M, Watanabe SI. Recent advances and future perspectives in adjuvant and neoadjuvant immunotherapies for lung cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2021; 51:28-36. [PMID: 33147608 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyaa187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The superior efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer has inspired many clinical trials to use immune checkpoint inhibitors in earlier stages of lung cancer worldwide. Based on the theoretical feasibility that neoantigens derived from a tumor tissue are present in vivo, some clinical trials have recently evaluated the neoadjuvant, rather than the adjuvant, use of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Some of these trials have already produced evidence on the safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in a neoadjuvant setting, with a favorable major pathologic response and few adverse events. In the most impactful report from Johns Hopkins University and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, the programed death-1 inhibitor nivolumab was administered to 21 patients in a neoadjuvant setting. The authors reported a major pathologic response rate of 45%, with no unexpected delay of surgery related to the adverse effects of nivolumab. The adjuvant as well as the neoadjuvant administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors has also been considered in various clinical trials, with or without the combined use of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The development of appropriate biomarkers to predict the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors is also underway. The expression of programed death ligand-1 and the tumor mutation burden are promising biomarkers that have been evaluated in many settings. To establish an appropriate method for using immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with surgery, the Lung Cancer Surgical Study Group of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group will manage clinical trials using a multimodality treatment, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Yotsukura
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nakagawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takamochi
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ito
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Jiro Okami
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiju Aokage
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shiono
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroshige Yoshioka
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Aoki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tsutani
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Morihito Okada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Watanabe
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Gaissmaier L, Christopoulos P. Immune Modulation in Lung Cancer: Current Concepts and Future Strategies. Respiration 2020; 99:1-27. [PMID: 33291116 DOI: 10.1159/000510385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy represents the most dynamic field of biomedical research currently, with thoracic immuno-oncology as a forerunner. PD-(L)1 inhibitors are already part of standard first-line treatment for both non-small-cell and small-cell lung cancer, while unprecedented 5-year survival rates of 15-25% have been achieved in pretreated patients with metastatic disease. Evolving strategies are mainly aiming for improvement of T-cell function, increase of immune activation in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and supply of tumor-reactive lymphocytes. Several novel therapeutics have demonstrated preclinical efficacy and are increasingly used in rational combinations within clinical trials. Two overarching trends dominate: extension of immunotherapy to earlier disease stages, mainly as neoadjuvant treatment, and a shift of focus towards multivalent, individualized, mutatome-based antigen-specific modalities, mainly adoptive cell therapies and cancer vaccines. The former ensures ample availability of treated and untreated patient samples, the latter facilitates deeper mechanistic insights, and both in combination build an overwhelming force that is accelerating progress and driving the greatest revolution cancer medicine has seen so far. Today, immune modulation represents the most potent therapeutic modality in oncology, the most important topic in clinical and translational cancer research, and arguably our greatest, meanwhile justified hope for achieving cure of pulmonary neoplasms and other malignancies in the next future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Gaissmaier
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petros Christopoulos
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany,
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany,
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15
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Khotimchenko M, Tiasto V, Kalitnik A, Begun M, Khotimchenko R, Leonteva E, Bryukhovetskiy I, Khotimchenko Y. Antitumor potential of carrageenans from marine red algae. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116568. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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16
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Zhao M, Zhang J, Chen S, Wang Y, Tian Q. Influence of Programmed Death Ligand-1-Gene Polymorphism rs822336 on the Prognosis and Safety of Postoperative Patients with NSCLC Who Received Platinum-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6755-6766. [PMID: 32801904 PMCID: PMC7414937 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s255072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was done to investigate the influence of PDL1-gene polymorphism on the prognosis and safety of postoperative patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had received platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods A total of 289 postoperative patients with NSCLC who had received platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy from January 2012 to June 2019 participated in this study. Recurrence status and adverse reactions were documented during adjuvant chemotherapy. Overall survival (OS) data were obtained through telephone follow-up. DNA extracted from hematologic specimens was genotyped for PDL1-gene polymorphism. Associations between genotype status and prognosis were assessed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, and multivariate adjustment was performed using Cox regression analysis. Results Median disease-free survival of the 289 patients with NSCLC was 3.3 years and median OS 4.9 years. With regard to the PDL1 gene polymorphism, only rs822336 was of clinical significance in the subsequent analysis. The minor-allele frequency of rs822336 was 0.21, and distribution of the three genotypes was in accordance with the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (P=0.807). Survival analysis according to genotype status suggested that median disease-free survival of patients with GG and GC/CC genotypes was 2.8 and 4.1 years, respectively (P=0.01). Median OS of patients with GG and GC/CC genotypes was 4.1 and 5.4 years, respectively (P=0.008). However, the safety analysis failed to find a significant association between the polymorphism and adverse reactions. Interestingly, expression analysis of RNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells indicated that PDL1-mRNA expression of patients with the GG genotype was significantly higher than for the GC/CC genotype (P<0.001). Conclusion The prognosis of postoperative patients with NSCLC who have received platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy may be influenced by the rs822336 polymorphism through mediation of the mRNA expression of PDL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
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Morimoto K, Morimoto Y, Uchino J. Can the assessment of lymphocyte exhaustion serve as a prognostic predictor after lung cancer surgery? Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 9:184-187. [PMID: 32420058 PMCID: PMC7225157 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2020.03.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Morimoto
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshie Morimoto
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junji Uchino
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Real world data in the era of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs): Increasing evidence and future applications in lung cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2020; 87:102031. [PMID: 32446182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed death 1 (PD-1) and PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) quickly subverted the standard of treatment in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), where they were first introduced in all comers previously treated advanced/metastatic NSCLC patients and subsequently in the first line of PD-L1 selected cases of metastatic and locally advanced disease. Treatment algorithm is an evolving landscape, where the introduction of front-line ICIs, with or without chemotherapy, unavoidably influences the following treatment lines. In this context, medical oncologists are currently facing many unclear issues, which have been not clarified so far by available data. Effectiveness and safety in special populations underrepresented in clinical trials - such as elderly, poor PS, hepatitis or human immunodeficiency virus-affected patients - are only a part of the unexplored side of ICIs in the real world. Indeed, pivotal randomized clinical trials (RCTs) often lack of external validity because eligibility criteria exclude some patient subgroups commonly treated in real-world clinical practice. Similarly, cost-effectiveness and sustainability of these innovative agents are important issues to be considered in the real-world. Though affected by several limitations, real-world evidence (RWE) studies allow to collect data regarding overall treated patients in clinical practice according to local authority regulations, overcoming the intrinsic limits of RCTs. The present review focuses on RWE about ICIs in lung cancer treatment, with particular reference to special patient populations, and discusses potential application of real-world data in a potential innovative drug development model.
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