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Meng Q, Zheng W, Jiao R, Cui R, Deng Y, Liu R, Wang J, Bai H. MicroRNA 421 induces the formation of high-invasive cell subsets of ovarian cancer from low-invasive cell subsets mediated by exosomes by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:2643-2660. [PMID: 38859864 PMCID: PMC11162662 DOI: 10.62347/uhey7375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) results in treatment failure in ovarian cancer (OC). Exosomes are related to the formation of a heterogeneous tumor microenvironment, and microRNAs play a crucial role in the progression of OC. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effect of exosomes and microRNA 421 (miR-421), which is mediated by exosomes, on ITH and the diagnosis of OC. Exosomes derived from A2780 cells with the highest (AHC) or lowest (ALC) invasive/migratory capacity cells (AHE/ALE) were extracted by differential centrifugation. We conducted a series of experiments to verify the role of AHE and miR-421 in promoting the transformation of low-invasive cells to high-invasive cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway, and we also measured the levels of CA125 in serum exosomes. The results of assays showed that the AHE and miR-421, mediated by exosomes, significantly increased the malignancy of ALC cells by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. The expression of miR-421 was significantly increased in the serum exosomes derived from high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients. Our findings indicate that MiR-421, mediated by exosomes, could induce the transformation of highly invasive cell subpopulations from subpopulations of OC cells with low invasive potential by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlong Meng
- Department of Gynecology, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
- Department of Diagnostics of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang HospitalHangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Ruili Jiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Health HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Ran Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Yunhan Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Ruizhen Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Huimin Bai
- Department of Gynecology, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
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2
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Zhan J, Li Z, Lin C, Wang D, Yu L, Xiao X. The role of circRNAs in regulation of drug resistance in ovarian cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1320185. [PMID: 38152652 PMCID: PMC10751324 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1320185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the female reproductive system tumors. Chemotherapy is used for advanced ovarian cancer patients; however, drug resistance is a pivotal cause of chemotherapeutic failure. Hence, it is critical to explore the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance of ovarian cancer cells and to ameliorate chemoresistance. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been identified to critically participate in drug sensitivity in a variety of human cancers, including ovarian cancer. Among ncRNAs, circRNAs sponge miRNAs and prevent miRNAs from regulation of their target mRNAs. CircRNAs can interact with DNA or proteins to modulate gene expression. In this review, we briefly describe the biological functions of circRNAs in the development and progression of ovarian cancer. Moreover, we discuss the underneath regulatory molecular mechanisms of circRNAs on governing drug resistance in ovarian cancer. Furthermore, we mention the novel strategies to overcome drug resistance via targeting circRNAs in ovarian cancer. Due to that circRNAs play a key role in modulation of drug resistance in ovarian cancer, targeting circRNAs could be a novel approach for attenuation of chemoresistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Changsheng Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dingding Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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3
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Li S, Zhao J, Wen S, Li M, Yu F, Wang W, Shao H, Jiang D. CircRNA High Mobility Group At-hook 2 regulates cell proliferation, metastasis and glycolytic metabolism of nonsmall cell lung cancer by targeting miR-331-3p to upregulate High Mobility Group At-hook 2. Anticancer Drugs 2023; 34:81-91. [PMID: 36066399 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Increasing circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as pivotal players in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study will explore the function and mechanism of circRNA High Mobility Group AT-hook 2 (circHMGA2) in NSCLC. The circHMGA2, microRNA-331-3p (miR-331-3p) and HMGA2 expression analyses were performed via quantitative real-time PCR. Cell proliferation was assessed via Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays. Transwell migration/invasion assays were used for measuring cell metastasis. Glucose consumption and lactate production were determined for glycolytic evaluation. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of HMGA2 and glycolytic markers. Target analysis was performed by dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays. Xenograft tumor assay in mice was conducted for the investigation of circHMGA2 in vivo . CircHMGA2 was overexpressed in NSCLC, and high circHMGA2 level might be related to NSCLC metastasis and poor prognosis. In-vitro assays suggested that NSCLC cell growth, metastasis and glycolysis were retarded by downregulation of circHMGA2. Upregulation of HMGA2 was shown to return the anticancer response of circHMGA2 knockdown in NSCLC cells. Through interacting with miR-331-3p, circHMGA2 could regulate the expression of HMGA2. In addition, circHMGA2/miR-331-3p and miR-331-3p/HMGA2 axes were affirmed in NSCLC regulation. In-vivo analysis indicated that circHMGA2 inhibition also reduced tumorigenesis and glycolysis of NSCLC via the miR-331-3p/HMGA2 axis. This study disclosed the oncogenic role of circHMGA2 and the regulatory circHMGA2/miR-331-3p/HMGA2 axis in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenke Li
- Department of Respiratory, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, Puyang
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Respiratory, Xinxiang Medical University, Puyang oilfield General Hospital, Puyang
| | - Song Wen
- Department of Respiratory, Xinxiang Medical University, Puyang oilfield General Hospital, Puyang
| | - Min Li
- Department of Respiratory, Xinxiang Medical University, Puyang oilfield General Hospital, Puyang
| | - Faming Yu
- Department of Respiratory, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, Puyang
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Xinxiang Medical University, Puyang oilfield General Hospital, Puyang
| | - Huamin Shao
- Department of Respiratory, Xinxiang Medical University, Puyang oilfield General Hospital, Puyang
| | - Dongliang Jiang
- Department of Respiratory, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, Puyang
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Circular RNAs in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: From Biomarkers to Therapeutic Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225711. [PMID: 36428803 PMCID: PMC9688053 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological cancer, and more than 70% of patients are diagnosed at advanced stages. Despite the application of surgery and chemotherapy, the prognosis remains poor due to the high relapse rate. It is urgent to identify novel biomarkers and develop novel therapeutic strategies for EOC. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs generated from the "back-splicing" of precursor mRNA. CircRNAs exert their functions via several mechanisms, including acting as miRNA sponges, interacting with proteins, regulating transcription, and encoding functional proteins. Recent studies have identified many circRNAs that are dysregulated in EOC and may be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers. Increasing evidence has revealed that circRNAs play a critical role in ovarian cancer progression by regulating various cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and chemosensitivity. The circRNA-based therapy may be a novel strategy that is worth exploring in the future. Here, we provide an overview of EOC and circRNA biogenesis and functions. We then discuss the dysregulations of circRNAs in EOC and the possibility of using them as diagnostic/prognostic markers. We also summarize the role of circRNAs in regulating ovarian cancer development and speculate their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Najafi S. The emerging roles and potential applications of circular RNAs in ovarian cancer: a comprehensive review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 149:2211-2234. [PMID: 36053324 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is among the most common human malignancies and the first cause of deaths among gynecologic cancers. Early diagnosis can help improving prognosis in those patients, and accordingly exploring novel molecular mechanisms may lead to find therapeutic targets. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) comprise a group of non-coding RNAs in multicellular organisms, which are identified with characteristic circular structure. CircRNAs have been found with substantial functions in regulating gene expression through interacting with RNA-binding proteins, targeting microRNAs, and transcriptional regulation. They have been found to be involved in regulating several critical processes such as cell growth, and death, organ development, signal transduction, and tumorigenesis. Accordingly, circRNAs have been implicated in a number of human diseases including malignancies. They are particularly reported to contribute to several hallmarks of cancer leading to cancer development and progression, although a number also are described with tumor-suppressor function. In OC, circRNAs are linked to regulation of cell growth, invasiveness, metastasis, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance. Notably, clinical studies also have shown potentials in diagnosis, prediction of prognosis, and therapeutic targets for OC. In this review, I have an overview to the putative mechanisms, and functions of circRNAs in regulating OC pathogenesis in addition to their clinical potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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Cammarata G, Barraco N, Giusti I, Gristina V, Dolo V, Taverna S. Extracellular Vesicles-ceRNAs as Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers: Looking into circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Code. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143404. [PMID: 35884464 PMCID: PMC9324482 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Patients with ovarian cancer have a very poor chance of long-term survival, usually due to advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles contain noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs, piwiRNAs, circular RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs, with regulatory effects on ovarian cancer. In this review, we focus on ovarian cancer-associated circular RNA shuttled by extracellular vesicles as mediators of cancer progression and novel biomarkers in liquid biopsy. We propose a circular-RNA–microRNA-mRNA code that can reveal the regulatory network created by extracellular vesicles, noncoding RNAs, and mRNAs in ovarian cancer. Future research in this field will help to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers and druggable therapeutic targets, which will ultimately benefit patients. Abstract Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies in females worldwide. OC is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage due to a lack of specific symptoms and effective screening tests, resulting in a poor prognosis for patients. Age, genetic alterations, and family history are the major risk factors for OC pathogenesis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying OC progression, identifying new biomarkers for early detection, and discovering potential targets for new drugs are urgent needs. Liquid biopsy (LB), used for cancer detection and management, consists of a minimally invasive approach and practical alternative source to investigate tumor alterations by testing extracellular vesicles (EVs), circulating tumor cells, tumor-educated platelets, and cell-free nucleic acids. EVs are nanosize vesicles shuttling proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, such as DNA, RNA, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), that can induce phenotypic reprogramming of target cells. EVs are natural intercellular shuttles for ncRNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular-RNAs (circRNAs), known to have regulatory effects in OC. Here we focus on the involvement of circRNAs and miRNAs in OC cancer progression. The circRNA-microRNA-mRNA axis has been investigated with Circbank and miRwalk analysis, unraveling the intricate and detailed regulatory network created by EVs, ncRNAs, and mRNAs in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cammarata
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (S.T.)
| | - Nadia Barraco
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.B.); (V.G.)
| | - Ilaria Giusti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.G.); (V.D.)
| | - Valerio Gristina
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.B.); (V.G.)
| | - Vincenza Dolo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.G.); (V.D.)
| | - Simona Taverna
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (S.T.)
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7
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Li X, Wang J, Lin W, Yuan Q, Lu Y, Wang H, Chen Y, Chen L, Dai P, Long H, Li X. circEXOC6B interacting with RRAGB, an mTORC1 activator, inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer by antagonizing the HIF1A-RRAGB-mTORC1 positive feedback loop. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:135. [PMID: 35739524 PMCID: PMC9219196 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01600-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, an increasing number of studies have indicated that circular RNA plays crucial roles in regulating tumor development and chemoresistance. Using two high-throughput RNA sequence datasets, we previously found that circEXOC6B was downregulated in colon cancer. However, its role and mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) remained unknown. Methods Real-time quantitative PCR was used to examine the expression of circEXOC6B in CRC tissues. In vivo and in vitro functional experiments were performed to determine the suppressor role of circEXOC6B in CRC progression. RNA pull-down, mass spectrometry, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation, co-immunoprecipitation, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and immunofluorescence were applied to investigate the possible mechanisms connecting circEXOC6B to CRC growth and 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, dual-luciferase assay, western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to explore the mechanisms underlying the HIF1A regulation of RRAGB transcription. Results circEXOC6B was downregulated in CRC tissues, and its lower expression was associated with poor prognosis of patients. Functional experiments showed that circEXOC6B inhibited growth and increased the 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circEXOC6B inhibited the heterodimer formation of RRAGB by binding to it, thereby suppressing the mTORC1 pathway and HIF1A level. In addition, HIF1A upregulated the transcription of RRAGB by binding to its promoter region. Altogether, the results demonstrated that a HIF1A-RRAGB-mTORC1 positive feedback loop drives tumor progression in CRC, which could be interrupted by circEXOC6B. Conclusions circEXOC6B inhibits the progression of CRC and enhances the chemosensitivity of CRC cells to 5-fluorouracil by antagonizing the HIF1A-RRAGB-mTORC1 positive feedback loop. circEXOC6B is a possible therapeutic target for CRC treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-022-01600-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui Province, China
| | - Weihao Lin
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qinzi Yuan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanxia Lu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haowei Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peiling Dai
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huaicheng Long
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xuenong Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China. .,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
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8
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Khoshbakht T, Hussen BM, Taheri M, Samsami M. Emerging role of circular RNAs in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:172. [PMID: 35488239 PMCID: PMC9052556 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a female malignancy with high fatality-to-case ratio, which is due to late detection of cancer. Understanding the molecular mechanisms participating in these processes would facilitate design of therapeutic modalities and identification of novel tumor markers. Recent investigations have shown contribution of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the evolution of ovarian cancer. These transcripts are produced through a back-splicing mechanism. The enclosed configuration of circRNAs protects them from degradation and potentiates them as biomarkers. Several circRNAs such as circMUC16, circRNA_MYLK, circRNA-UBAP2, circWHSC1, hsa_circ_0013958, circFGFR3, hsa_circRNA_102958 and circ_0072995 have been found to be up-regulated in this cancer, acting as oncogenes. On the other hand, circ-ITCH, circPLEKHM3, circ_100395, circ_0078607, circATRNL1, circHIPK3, circRHOBTB3, circEXOC6B, circ9119 and CDR1as are among down-regulated circRNAs in ovarian cancer. Expression levels of circCELSR1, circ_CELSR1, circATL2, circNRIP1, circTNPO3 and hsa_circ_0000714 have been shown to affect resistance of ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapy. Moreover, circ_100395, circFGFR3, circ_0000554, circCELSR1, circ-PTK2, circLNPEP, circ-CSPP1, circ_0000745, circ_100395 and circPLEKHM3 have been shown to regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastatic ability of ovarian cancer cells. In the current review, we explain the roles of circRNAs in the evolution and progression of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Khoshbakht
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Arbīl, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Arbīl, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Majid Samsami
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang Z, Zhao T, Xu H, Wu X. Circ_0008365 Suppresses Apoptosis, Inflammation and Extracellular Matrix Degradation of IL-1β-treated Chondrocytes in Osteoarthritis by Regulating miR-324-5p/BMPR2/NF-κB Signaling Axis. Immunol Invest 2022; 51:1598-1611. [PMID: 35172669 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.2001496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have revealed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play crucial roles in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to investigate the biological function and regulatory mechanism of circ_0008365 in OA. METHODS OA cell model in vitro was established in chondrocytes by treatment with Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The levels of inflammatory cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of circ_0008365, microRNA-324-5p (miR-324-5p) and bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor (BMPR2) were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell viability was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry and caspase3 activity assays. The protein expression was determined via a western blot assay. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down assays were used to analyze the correlation between targets. RESULTS IL-1β level and miR-324-5p expression were increased, while circ_0008365 was downregulated in OA patients. IL-1β treatment-induced cell apoptosis, inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in chondrocytes. Besides, circ_0008365 overexpression partly relieved IL-1β-induced cell damage in chondrocytes. Circ_0008365 could interact with miR-324-5p, and BMPR2 was a downstream target of miR-324-5p. Overexpression of miR-324-5p or BMPR2 knockdown partly overturned the inhibiting effect of circ_0008365 on cell damage in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. In addition, circ_0008365 inactivated NF-κB pathway via regulating miR-324-5p/BMPR2 axis. CONCLUSION Circ_0008365 reduced IL-1β-induced cell damage in chondrocytes via inactivating NF-κB signaling pathway and regulating miR-324-5p/BMPR2 axis.Abbreviations OA: osteoarthritis; BMPR2: bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Zhang
- Department of Spine, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang City, China
| | - Teng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zaozhuang Hospital, Zaozhuang Mining Group, Jining City, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zaozhuang Hospital, Zaozhuang Mining Group, Jining City, China
| | - Xing Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tennan Hospital, Zaozhuang Mining Group, Jining City, China
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10
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Foruzandeh Z, Zeinali-Sehrig F, Nejati K, Rahmanpour D, Pashazadeh F, Seif F, Alivand MR. CircRNAs as potent biomarkers in ovarian cancer: a systematic scoping review. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2021; 26:41. [PMID: 34556024 PMCID: PMC8461915 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
More powerful prognostic and diagnostic tools are urgently needed for identifying and treating ovarian cancer (OC), which is the most fatal malignancy in women in developed countries. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are conservative and stable looped molecules that can regulate gene expression by competing with other endogenous microRNA sponges. This discovery provided new insight into novel methods for regulating genes that are involved in many disorders and cancers. This review focuses on the dysregulated expression of circRNAs as well as their diagnostic and prognostic values in OC. We found that studies have identified twenty-one downregulated circRNAs and fifty-seven upregulated ones. The results of these studies confirm that circRNAs might be potent biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic target value for OC. We also consider the connection between circRNAs and OC cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Foruzandeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zeinali-Sehrig
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kazem Nejati
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Dara Rahmanpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Pashazadeh
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Seif
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alivand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
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Gong L, Zhou X, Sun J. Circular RNAs Interaction with MiRNAs: Emerging Roles in Breast Cancer. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:3182-3196. [PMID: 34400888 PMCID: PMC8364445 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.62219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in cancer therapy strategies, breast cancer is one of the most common and lethal malignancies worldwide. Characterization of a new class of RNAs using next-generation sequencing opened new doors toward uncovering etiopathogenesis mechanisms of breast cancer as well as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of RNA with covalently closed and highly stable structures generated primarily from the back-splicing of precursor mRNAs. Although circRNAs exert their function through various mechanisms, acting as a sponge for miRNAs is their primary mechanism of function. Furthermore, growing evidence has shown that aberrant expression of circRNAs is involved in the various hallmarks of cancers. This paper reviews the biogenesis, characteristics, and mechanism of functions of circRNAs and their deregulation in various cancers. Finally, we focused on the circRNAs roles as a sponge for miRNAs in the development, metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, apoptosis, and immune responses of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Gong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou Xiasha Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Circ_0007841 accelerates ovarian cancer development through facilitating MEX3C expression by restraining miR-151-3p activity. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:12058-12066. [PMID: 33896797 PMCID: PMC8109085 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The critical importance of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in human cancers, including ovarian cancer, has been discovered in the recent years. However, the roles of circ_0007841 in ovarian cancer remain unknown. In the current study, it was found that circ_0007841 expression was upregulated in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines. Upregulation of circ_0007841 in patients with ovarian cancer predicts poor prognosis. Loss-of-function experiments discovered that circ_0007841 knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In terms of mechanism, circ_0007841 worked as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-151-3p to facilitate MEX3C expression. Restoration of MEX3C level recovered the proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that circ_0007841/miR-151-3p/MEX3C axis exerted important oncogenic functions in ovarian cancer.
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Chen L, Shan G. CircRNA in cancer: Fundamental mechanism and clinical potential. Cancer Lett 2021; 505:49-57. [PMID: 33609610 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are a class of single-stranded noncoding RNAs that are formed in a circular conformation via non-canonical splicing or back-splicing events. Aberrant expressions of many circRNAs are observed in diverse cancers, indicating their crucial roles in tumorigenesis and tumor development. Recently, several pieces of evidence have revealed that many circRNAs are involved in the promotion or suppression of cancers to varying degrees via different molecular mechanisms. Here in this review, we present a summary of the characteristics, types, biogenesis, and functions of circRNAs, and outline a series of the most recently studied circRNAs and their functional mechanisms in multiple cancer types with future perspectives. With great advances in nucleic acid-based therapeutic tools, circRNAs could be further explored as targetable molecules in future cancer treatments.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Ge Shan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
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