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Wani AK, Prakash A, Sena S, Akhtar N, Singh R, Chopra C, Ariyanti EE, Mudiana D, Yulia ND, Rahayu F. Unraveling molecular signatures in rare bone tumors and navigating the cancer pathway landscapes for targeted therapeutics. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 196:104291. [PMID: 38346462 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rare cancers (RCs), which account for over 20% of cancer cases, face significant research and treatment challenges due to their limited prevalence. This results in suboptimal outcomes compared to more common malignancies. Rare bone tumors (RBTs) constitute 5-10% of rare cancer cases and pose unique diagnostic complexities. The therapeutic potential of anti-cancer drugs for RBTs remains largely unexplored. Identifying molecular alterations in cancer-related genes and their associated pathways is essential for precision medicine in RBTs. Small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies targeting specific RBT-associated proteins show promise. Ongoing clinical trials aim to define RBT biomarkers, subtypes, and optimal treatment contexts, including combination therapies and immunotherapeutic agents. This review addresses the challenges in diagnosing, treating, and studying RBTs, shedding light on the current state of RBT biomarkers, potential therapeutic targets, and promising inhibitors. Rare cancers demand attention and innovative solutions to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Khurshid Wani
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India.
| | - Ajit Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Saikat Sena
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India
| | - Esti Endah Ariyanti
- Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Deden Mudiana
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Nina Dwi Yulia
- Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Farida Rahayu
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
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Ghosh PK, Ghosh A. Dysregulation of noncoding RNA in chordoma; implications in identifying potential targets for novel therapeutic approaches. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:125. [PMID: 38236360 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Chordoma is a rare form of bone cancer develops in the spinal cord and skull. Instead of conventional (radio/chemotherapies) and targeted therapies, the disease is associated with high rate of recurrence and poor patient survival. Thus, for better disease management, the molecular pathogenesis of chordoma should be studied in detail to identify dysregulated biomolecules that can be targeted by novel therapeutics. Recent research showed frequent dysregulation of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) in association with aggressive tumor phenotypes like cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis in a variety of cancers, including chordoma. Apart from diagnostic and prognostic importance, noncoding RNAs may serve as promising targets for novel therapeutics in cancer. In this review, we summarized a list of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNA found to be dysregulated in chordoma from available data published in relevant databases (PubMed), as such an approach seems to be rare to date. The dysregulated noncoding RNAs were also associated with adverse tumor phenotypes to assess the impact on disease pathogenesis and, associated downstream molecular pathways were focused. Synthetic compounds and natural products that were reported to target the noncoding RNAs in other malignancies were also listed from published literature and proposed as potential therapeutic agents in chordoma. This review will provide information for further research on chordoma focusing on detailed characterization of dysregulated lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNA to understand the disease pathogenesis and, exploration of suitable natural and synthetic products targeting dysregulated non-coding RNAs to develop effective therapeutic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramit Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Amlan Ghosh
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
- Genetics of Non-communicable Diseases, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India.
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Mo Y, Liang Z, Lan L, Xiong X, Zhang C, Liu W, Huang H, Fan J, Yang L. Extracellular vesicles derived from cervical cancer cells carrying MCM3AP-AS1 promote angiogenesis and tumor growth in cervical cancer via the miR-93/p21 axis. Exp Cell Res 2023; 428:113621. [PMID: 37137462 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells can promote angiogenesis by secreting extracellular vesicles (EVs). Meanwhile, tumor-derived EVs can carry long non-coding RNAs to activate pro-angiogenic signaling in endothelial cells. Here, we investigated the role of long non-coding RNA MCM3AP-AS1 carried by cervical cancer (CC) cell-derived EVs in the angiogenesis and the resultant tumor growth in CC, as well as the potential molecular mechanisms. LncRNAs significantly expressed in CC cell-derived EVs and CC were screened, followed by prediction of downstream target genes. EVs were isolated from HcerEpic and CaSki cell supernatants, followed by identification. The expression of MCM3AP-AS1 in CC was analyzed and its interaction with miR-93-p21 was confirmed. Following co-culture system, the role of MCM3AP-AS1 carried by EVs in HUVEC angiogenic ability, CC cell invasion and migration in vitro along with angiogenesis and tumorigenicity in vivo was assayed. MCM3AP-AS1 was overexpressed in CC cell-derived EVs as well as in CC tissues and cell lines. Cervical cancer cell-derived EVs could transfer MCM3AP-AS1 into HUVECs where MCM3AP-AS1 competitively bound to miR-93 and upregulate the expression of the miR-93 target p21 gene. Thus, MCM3AP-AS1 promoted angiogenesis of HUVECs. In the similar manner, MCM3AP-AS1 enhanced CC cell malignant properties. In nude mice, EVs-MCM3AP-AS1 induced angiogenesis and tumor growth. Overall, this study reveals that CC cell-derived EVs may transport MCM3AP-AS1 to promote angiogenesis and tumor growth in CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Mo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China.
| | - Zhishan Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530016, China
| | - Liu Lan
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Xifeng Xiong
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Cici Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Haowei Huang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Jiangxia Fan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
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Jiang S, Hu Y, Zhou Y, Tang G, Cui W, Wang X, Chen B, Hu Z, Xu B. miRNAs as Biomarkers and Possible Therapeutic Strategies in Synovial Sarcoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:881007. [PMID: 36003502 PMCID: PMC9394702 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.881007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial sarcoma (SS) is an epithelial-differentiated malignant stromal tumor that has the highest incidence in young people and can occur almost anywhere in the body. Many noncoding RNAs are involved in the occurrence, development, or pathogenesis of SS. In particular, the role of MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in SS is receiving increasing attention. MiRNA is a noncoding RNA abundant in cells and extracellular serums. Increasing evidence suggests that miRNA has played a significant role in the incidence and development of tumors in recent years, including sarcomas. Previous studies show that various sarcomas have their unique miRNA expression patterns and that various miRNA expression profiles can illustrate the classes of miRNAs that may elicit cancer-relevant activities in specific sarcoma subtypes. Furthermore, SS has been reported to have the most number of differentially expressed miRNAs, which indicated that miRNA is linked to SS. In fact, according to many publications, miRNAs have been shown to have a role in the development and appearance of SS in recent years, according to many publications. Since many studies showing that various miRNAs have a role in the development and appearance of SS in recent years have not been systematically summarized, we summarize the recent studies on the relationship between miRNA and SS in this review. For example, miR-494 promotes the development of SS via modulating cytokine gene expression. The role of miR-494-3p as a tumor suppressor is most likely linked to the CXCR4 (C-X-C chemokine receptor 4) regulator, although the exact mechanism is unknown. Our review aims to reveal in detail the potential biological value and clinical significance of miRNAs for SS and the potential clinical value brought by the association between SS and miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guozheng Tang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Lu’an People’s Hospital, Lu’an, China
| | - Wenxu Cui
- The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bangjie Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zuhong Hu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Xu,
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Wang Y, Tang Z, Guo W. XIST sponges miR-320d to promote chordoma progression by regulating ARF6. J Bone Oncol 2022; 35:100447. [PMID: 35899235 PMCID: PMC9309415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2022.100447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
XIST was highly expressed in chordoma tissues. XIST knockdown inhibited chordoma progression by downregulating ARF6. MiR-320d inhibited the malignant behaviors of chordoma cells. XIST positively upregulated ARF6 expression via sponging miR-320d in chordoma cells.
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play important roles in various tumors, including chordoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in chordoma. Methods RNA levels and protein levels were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) and western blot assay, respectively. Cell proliferation was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay and colony formation assay. Tanswell assay was used to examine cell migration and invasion. Cellular glycolysis was examined via the measurement of extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and lactate production. The interaction between microRNA-320d (miR-320d) and XIST or ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and verified by a dual-luciferase reporter and RNA-pull down assays. The xenograft tumor model was used to explore the biological function of XIST in vivo. Results XIST was overexpressed in chordoma tissues. XIST knockdown suppressed chordoma cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis. XIST acted as a sponge of miR-320d. Moreover, miR-320d overexpression inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis of chordoma cells. ARF6 was a direct target of miR-320d, and XIST upregulated ARF6 expression via sponging miR-320d. Furthermore, overexpression of ARF6 reversed the inhibitory effects of XIST knockdown on chordoma cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis. Importantly, XIST silencing blocked xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion XIST knockdown inhibited chordoma progression via regulating the miR-320d/ARF6 axis, providing a novel insight into chordoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhouzhou Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weichun Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
- Corresponding author at: Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238, Jiefang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
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Yuan W, Wei F, Ouyang H, Ren X, Hang J, Mo X, Liu Z. CMTM3 suppresses chordoma progress through EGFR/STAT3 regulated EMT and TP53 signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:510. [PMID: 34560882 PMCID: PMC8461898 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02159-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chordomas are rare, slow-growing and locally aggressive bone sarcomas. At present, chordomas are difficult to manage due to their high recurrence rate, metastasis tendency and poor prognosis. The underlying mechanisms of chordoma tumorigenesis and progression urgently need to be explored to find the effective therapeutic targets. Our previous data demonstrates that EGFR plays important roles in chordoma development and CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing (CMTM)3 suppresses gastric cancer metastasis by inhibiting the EGFR/STAT3/EMT signaling pathway. However, the roles and mechanism of CMTM3 in chordomas remain unknown. METHODS Primary chordoma tissues and the paired adjacent non-tumor tissues were collected to examine the expression of CMTM3 by western blot. The expression of CMTM3 in chordoma cell lines was tested by Real-time PCR and western blot. CCK-8 and colony forming unit assay were performed to delineate the roles of CMTM3 in cell proliferation. Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to assess cell migration and invasion abilities. A xenograft model in NSG mice was used to elucidate the function of CMTM3 in vivo. Signaling pathways were analyzed by western blot and IHC. RNA-seq was performed to further explore the mechanism regulated by CMTM3 in chordoma cells. RESULTS CMTM3 expression was downregulated in chordoma tissues compared with paired normal tissues. CMTM3 suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion of chordoma cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. CMTM3 accelerated EGFR degradation, suppressed EGFR/STAT3/EMT signaling pathway, upregulated TP53 expression and enriched the TP53 signaling pathway in chordoma cells. CONCLUSIONS CMTM3 inhibited tumorigenesis and development of chordomas through activating the TP53 signaling pathway and suppressing the EGFR/STAT3 signaling pathway, which suppressed EMT progression. CMTM3 might be a potential therapeutic target for chordomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqiong Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqiang Ouyang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Hang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, China. .,Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoning Mo
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Zhongjun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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