1
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Zhang T, Liu X, Rossio V, Dawson SL, Gygi SP, Paulo JA. Enhancing Proteome Coverage by Using Strong Anion-Exchange in Tandem with Basic-pH Reversed-Phase Chromatography for Sample Multiplexing-Based Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:2870-2881. [PMID: 37962907 PMCID: PMC11090996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Sample multiplexing-based proteomic strategies rely on fractionation to improve proteome coverage. Tandem mass tag (TMT) experiments, for example, can currently accommodate up to 18 samples with proteins spanning several orders of magnitude, thus necessitating fractionation to achieve reasonable proteome coverage. Here, we present a simple yet effective peptide fractionation strategy that partitions a pooled TMT sample with a two-step elution using a strong anion-exchange (SAX) spin column prior to gradient-based basic pH reversed-phase (BPRP) fractionation. We highlight our strategy with a TMTpro18-plex experiment using nine diverse human cell lines in biological duplicate. We collected three data sets, one using only BPRP fractionation and two others of each SAX-partition followed by BPRP. The three data sets quantified a similar number of proteins and peptides, and the data highlight noticeable differences in the distribution of peptide charge and isoelectric point between the SAX partitions. The combined SAX partition data set contributed 10% more proteins and 20% more unique peptides that were not quantified by BPRP fractionation alone. In addition to this improved fractionation strategy, we provide an online resource of relative abundance profiles for over 11,000 proteins across the nine human cell lines, as well as two additional experiments using ovarian and pancreatic cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Valentina Rossio
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Shane L Dawson
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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2
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Xu Q, Yang M, Ji J, Weng J, Wang W, Xu X. Impact of Nonnative Interactions on the Binding Kinetics of Intrinsically Disordered p53 with MDM2: Insights from All-Atom Simulation and Markov State Model Analysis. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:5219-5231. [PMID: 38916177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) lack a well-defined tertiary structure but are essential players in various biological processes. Their ability to undergo a disorder-to-order transition upon binding to their partners, known as the folding-upon-binding process, is crucial for their function. One classical example is the intrinsically disordered transactivation domain (TAD) of the tumor suppressor protein p53, which quickly forms a structured α-helix after binding to its partner MDM2, with clinical significance for cancer treatment. However, the contribution of nonnative interactions between the IDP and its partner to the rapid binding kinetics, as well as their interplay with native interactions, is not well understood at the atomic level. Here, we used molecular dynamics simulation and Markov state model (MSM) analysis to study the folding-upon-binding mechanism between p53-TAD and MDM2. Our results suggest that the system progresses from the nascent encounter complex to the well-structured encounter complex and finally reaches the native complex, following an induced-fit mechanism. We found that nonnative hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions, combined with native interactions, effectively stabilize the nascent and well-structured encounter complexes. Among the nonnative interactions, Leu25p53-Leu54MDM2 and Leu25p53-Phe55MDM2 are particularly noteworthy, as their interaction strength is close to the optimum. Evidently, strengthening or weakening these interactions could both adversely affect the binding kinetics. Overall, our findings suggest that nonnative interactions are evolutionarily optimized to accelerate the binding kinetics of IDPs in conjunction with native interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjun Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Maohua Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jie Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jingwei Weng
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wenning Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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3
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Kang S, Yuan D, Barber R, Davis JJ. Antigen-Mimic Nanoparticles in Ultrasensitive on-Chip Integrated Anti-p53 Antibody Quantification. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1475-1481. [PMID: 38441485 PMCID: PMC10964233 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
As a tumor-suppressing protein, p53 plays a crucial role in preventing cancer development. Its utility as an early cancer detection tool is significant, potentially enabling clinicians to forestall disease advancement and improve patient prognosis. In response to the pathological overexpression of this antigen in tumors, the prevalence of anti-p53 antibodies increases in serum, in a manner quantitatively indicative of cancer progression. This spike can be detected through techniques, such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunoprecipitation. In this study, we present an electrochemical approach that supports ultrasensitive and highly selective anti-p53 autoantibody quantification without the use of an immuno-modified electrode. We specifically employ antigen-mimicking and antibody-capturing peptide-coated magnetic nanoparticles, along with an AC magnetic field-promoted sample mixing, prior to the presentation of Fab-captured targets to simple lectin-modified sensors. The subfemtomolar assays are highly selective and support quantification from serum-spiked samples within minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyu Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K.
| | - Daohe Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K.
| | - Robert Barber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K.
| | - Jason J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K.
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4
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Kakumoto A, Jamiyan T, Kuroda H, Harada O, Yamaguchi-Isochi T, Baba S, Kato Y, Nishihara H, Kawami H. Prognostic impact of tumor-associated neutrophils in breast cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2024; 17:51-62. [PMID: 38577697 PMCID: PMC10988089 DOI: 10.62347/jqdq1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neutrophils are the most common type of leukocyte in mammals and play an essential role in the innate immune system and anti-cancer responses. However, recent studies identified the presence of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) as a poor prognostic factor. The present study investigated whether relationships exist between TANs and the clinicopathological factors and genetic status of breast cancer. METHODS A total of 196 breast cancer patients with sufficient biopsy, breast-conserving surgery, or mastectomy specimens between 2014 and 2021 in Hokuto Hospital were included. RESULTS TANs were individually counted in the tumor stroma (TS) and tumor nest (TN). A higher density of TANs in both TS and TN correlated with tumor size (TS P = 0.010; TN P = 0.001), a high histological grade (TS P < 0.001; TN P < 0.001), the histological type (TS P = 0.009; TN P = 0.034), a high ratio of lymph node metastasis (TS P < 0.001; TN P < 0.001), an advanced stage of cancer (TS P < 0.001; TN P = 0.002), intrinsic subtypes (TS P < 0.001; TN P < 0.001), ERBB2 (TS P < 0.001; TN P < 0.001), MAP3K1 (TS P = 0.002; TN P = 0.023), and TP53 (TS P < 0.001; TN P < 0.001). A higher density of TANs in TS and TN also correlated with shorter disease-free survival and overall survival (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The present results suggest that a higher density of TANs correlates with unfavorable prognostic factors in breast cancer. Further research on clinicopathological and genetic factors associated with TANs in breast cancer is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinari Kakumoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Adachi Medical Center 4-33-1 KohokuAdachi-Ku, Tokyo 123-0872, Japan
| | - Tsengelmaa Jamiyan
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical SciencesUlan Bator 14210, Mongolia
| | - Hajime Kuroda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Adachi Medical Center 4-33-1 KohokuAdachi-Ku, Tokyo 123-0872, Japan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hokuto HospitalObihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan
| | - Oi Harada
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hokuto HospitalObihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan
- Breast Center, Showa UniversityTokyo 142-8666, Japan
| | | | - Shogo Baba
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Laboratory of Cancer Medical Science, Hokuto HospitalObihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kato
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hokuto HospitalObihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan
- Genomics Unit, Keio Cancer Center, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University School of MedicineTokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishihara
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hokuto HospitalObihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan
- Genomics Unit, Keio Cancer Center, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University School of MedicineTokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawami
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hokuto HospitalObihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan
- Center for Breast Diseases and Breast Cancer, Hokuto Hospital and ClinicObihiro, Hokkaido 080-0833, Japan
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5
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Bakker M, Sørensen HV, Skepö M. Exploring the Role of Globular Domain Locations on an Intrinsically Disordered Region of p53: A Molecular Dynamics Investigation. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:1423-1433. [PMID: 38230670 PMCID: PMC10867847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The pre-tetramerization loop (PTL) of the human tumor suppressor protein p53 is an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) necessary for the tetramerization process, and its flexibility contributes to the essential conformational changes needed. Although the IDR can be accurately simulated in the traditional manner of molecular dynamics (MD) with the end-to-end distance (EEdist) unhindered, we sought to explore the effects of restraining the EEdist to the values predicted by electron microscopy (EM) and other distances. Simulating the PTL trajectory with a restrained EEdist , we found an increased agreement of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shifts with experiments. Additionally, we observed a plethora of secondary structures and contacts that only appear when the trajectory is restrained. Our findings expand the understanding of the tetramerization of p53 and provide insight into how mutations could make the protein impotent. In particular, our findings demonstrate the importance of restraining the EEdist in studying IDRs and how their conformations change under different conditions. Our results provide a better understanding of the PTL and the conformational dynamics of IDRs in general, which are useful for further studies regarding mutations and their effects on the activity of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael
J. Bakker
- Faculty
of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
- Division
of Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik V. Sørensen
- Division
of Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- MAX
IV Laboratory, Lund Institute of Advanced
Neutron and X-ray Science, Scheelevägen 19, SE-223 770 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marie Skepö
- Division
of Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- LINXS
- Institute of Advanced Neutron and X-ray Science, Scheelevägen 19, SE-233 70 Lund, Sweden
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6
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Aptullahoglu E, Wallis JP, Marr H, Marshall S, Bown N, Willmore E, Lunec J. SF3B1 Mutations Are Associated with Resistance to Non-Genotoxic MDM2 Inhibition in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11335. [PMID: 37511096 PMCID: PMC10379212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous malignancy affecting older individuals. There are a number of current treatment options for CLL, including monoclonal antibodies, targeted drugs, chemotherapy, and different combinations of these. However, for those patients who are intrinsically treatment resistant, or relapse following initial responses, novel targeted therapies are still needed. Targeting the mouse double-minute-2 human homolog (MDM2), a primary negative regulator of p53, is an appealing therapeutic strategy for non-genotoxic reactivation of p53, since the TP53 gene is in its wild-type state at diagnosis in approximately 90% of patients. Mutated SF3B1 and TP53 are both associated with more aggressive disease, resistance to therapies and poorer overall survival for CLL. In this study, we performed a screen for SF3B1 and TP53 mutations and tested RG7388 (idasanutlin), a second-generation MDM2 inhibitor, in a cohort of CLL primary patient samples. SF3B1 mutations were detected in 24 of 195 cases (12.3%) and found associated with poor overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 2.12, p = 0.032) and high CD38 expression (median CD38 (%) 32 vs. 5; p = 0.0087). The novel striking finding of this study was an independent link between SF3B1 mutational status and poor response to RG7388. Overall, SF3B1 mutations in CLL patient samples were associated with resistance to treatment with RG7388 ex vivo, and patients with the wild type for both SF3B1 and TP53 are more likely to benefit from treatment with MDM2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Aptullahoglu
- Medical Faculty, Newcastle University Cancer Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AD, UK
| | - Jonathan P Wallis
- Department of Haematology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Helen Marr
- Department of Haematology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Scott Marshall
- Department of Haematology, City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Trust, Sunderland SR4 7TP, UK
| | - Nick Bown
- Northern Genetics Service, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4EP, UK
| | - Elaine Willmore
- Medical Faculty, Newcastle University Cancer Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AD, UK
| | - John Lunec
- Medical Faculty, Newcastle University Cancer Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AD, UK
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7
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Schofield JH, Schafer ZT. Regulators mount up: the metabolic roles of apoptotic proteins. FRONTIERS IN CELL DEATH 2023; 2:1223926. [PMID: 37521407 PMCID: PMC10373711 DOI: 10.3389/fceld.2023.1223926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The induction of apoptosis, a programmed cell death pathway governed by activation of caspases, can result in fundamental changes in metabolism that either facilitate or restrict the execution of cell death. In addition, metabolic adaptations can significantly impact whether cells in fact initiate the apoptotic cascade. In this mini-review, we will highlight and discuss the interconnectedness of apoptotic regulation and metabolic alterations, two biological outcomes whose regulators are intertwined.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H. Schofield
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Zachary T. Schafer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
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8
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Liu X, Rossio V, Gygi SP, Paulo JA. Enriching Cysteine-Containing Peptides Using a Sulfhydryl-Reactive Alkylating Reagent with a Phosphonic Acid Group and Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:1270-1279. [PMID: 36971515 PMCID: PMC10311885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The reduction of disulfide bonds and their subsequent alkylation are commonplace in typical proteomics workflows. Here, we highlight a sulfhydryl-reactive alkylating reagent with a phosphonic acid group (iodoacetamido-LC-phosphonic acid, 6C-CysPAT) that facilitates the enrichment of cysteine-containing peptides for isobaric tag-based proteome abundance profiling. Specifically, we profile the proteome of the SH-SY5Y human cell line following 24 h treatments with two proteasome inhibitors (bortezomib and MG-132) in a tandem mass tag (TMT)pro9-plex experiment. We acquire three datasets─(1) Cys-peptide enriched, (2) the unbound complement, and (3) the non-depleted control─and compare the peptides and proteins quantified in each dataset, with emphasis on Cys-containing peptides. The data show that enrichment using 6C-Cys phosphonate adaptable tag (6C-CysPAT) can quantify over 38,000 Cys-containing peptides in 5 h with >90% specificity. In addition, our combined dataset provides the research community with a resource of over 9900 protein abundance profiles exhibiting the effects of two different proteasome inhibitors. Overall, the seamless incorporation of alkylation by 6C-CysPAT into a current TMT-based workflow permits the enrichment of a Cys-containing peptide subproteome. The acquisition of this "mini-Cys" dataset can be used to preview and assess the quality of a deep, fractionated dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Valentina Rossio
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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9
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Radovanović M, Petrović M, Šantrić V, Milojević B, Zubelić A, Isaković A. P53 and survivin expression in renal cell carcinoma. Urol Ann 2023; 15:186-190. [PMID: 37304521 PMCID: PMC10252781 DOI: 10.4103/ua.ua_91_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Mutation of p53 is detected in more than 50% of human cancers, expression of p53 has a potential prognostic value in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, its overexpression is observed in many malignancies, including RCC. The aim of the study was to estimate a correlation between survivin and p53 expression in tumor samples and the histologic type of a tumor, tumor stage, tumor grade, and survival of patients. Materials and Methods Tumor samples were collected from surgical specimens of 90 patients who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy for RCC between November 2017 and July 2020. Tumors were staged according to the UICC (The Union for International Cancer Control) TNM classification system and histopathologically graded according to Fuhrman nuclear grade system. Histopathological diagnosis was confirmed with standard light microscopic evaluation, using hematoxylin and eosin staining and standard p53 and survivin antibodies. Results Positive p53 staining was observed in 36.7% of tumor specimens and 24.4% were survivin positive. There was a statistically significant correlation between p53 or survivin expression and histologic subtype of clear cell RCC as well as Type I and II of papillary RCC. There was a statistically significant correlation between p53 expression and tumor size, stage, and grade. The p53 or survivin expression was related to lower overall survival. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that p53 overexpression and survivin positivity in RCC patients could be associated with poor prognosis. Thus, these proteins could be used as prognostic markers in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Radovanović
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miloš Petrović
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Veljko Šantrić
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bogomir Milojević
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksa Zubelić
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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10
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Cotto KC, Feng YY, Ramu A, Richters M, Freshour SL, Skidmore ZL, Xia H, McMichael JF, Kunisaki J, Campbell KM, Chen THP, Rozycki EB, Adkins D, Devarakonda S, Sankararaman S, Lin Y, Chapman WC, Maher CA, Arora V, Dunn GP, Uppaluri R, Govindan R, Griffith OL, Griffith M. Integrated analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data for the discovery of splice-associated variants in cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1589. [PMID: 36949070 PMCID: PMC10033906 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic mutations within non-coding regions and even exons may have unidentified regulatory consequences that are often overlooked in analysis workflows. Here we present RegTools ( www.regtools.org ), a computationally efficient, free, and open-source software package designed to integrate somatic variants from genomic data with splice junctions from bulk or single cell transcriptomic data to identify variants that may cause aberrant splicing. We apply RegTools to over 9000 tumor samples with both tumor DNA and RNA sequence data. RegTools discovers 235,778 events where a splice-associated variant significantly increases the splicing of a particular junction, across 158,200 unique variants and 131,212 unique junctions. To characterize these somatic variants and their associated splice isoforms, we annotate them with the Variant Effect Predictor, SpliceAI, and Genotype-Tissue Expression junction counts and compare our results to other tools that integrate genomic and transcriptomic data. While many events are corroborated by the aforementioned tools, the flexibility of RegTools also allows us to identify splice-associated variants in known cancer drivers, such as TP53, CDKN2A, and B2M, and other genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsy C Cotto
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yang-Yang Feng
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Avinash Ramu
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Megan Richters
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sharon L Freshour
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zachary L Skidmore
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Huiming Xia
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua F McMichael
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jason Kunisaki
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Katie M Campbell
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy Hung-Po Chen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Emily B Rozycki
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Douglas Adkins
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Siddhartha Devarakonda
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sumithra Sankararaman
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yiing Lin
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - William C Chapman
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christopher A Maher
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vivek Arora
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gavin P Dunn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mass General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Brain Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Mass General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ravindra Uppaluri
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Govindan
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Obi L Griffith
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Malachi Griffith
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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11
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Scheel CH, Schäfer R. Editorial: Hallmark of cancer: Evasion of growth suppressors. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1170115. [PMID: 36994210 PMCID: PMC10040857 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1170115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christina H. Scheel
- Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- *Correspondence: Christina H. Scheel, ; Reinhold Schäfer,
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Christina H. Scheel, ; Reinhold Schäfer,
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12
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Zhu Y, Sun W, Jiang X, Bai R, Luo Y, Gao Y, Li S, Huang Z, Gong Y, Xie C. Differential effects of WRAP53 transcript variants on non-small cell lung cancer cell behaviors. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281132. [PMID: 36706151 PMCID: PMC9882892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The WD40-encoding RNA antisense to p53 (WRAP53) is an antisense gene of TP53 with three transcriptional start sites producing three transcript variants involved in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer. However, the mechanism by which these different transcript variants regulate non-small cell lung cancer cell behaviors is to be elucidated. METHODS Two non-small cell lung cancer cell lines, A549 cells with wild-type p53 and H1975 with mutated p53, were transfected with WRAP53-1α and WRAP53-1β siRNA. The biological effects were assessed via colony formation, cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, wound healing and cell invasion assays, as well as immunoblotting. RESULTS Knockdown of WRAP53-1α increased the mRNA and protein levels of p53; suppressed colony formation and proliferation of A549 cells but promoted them in H1975 cells; increased the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase in A549 cells but decreased that in H1975 cells; and suppressed migration and invasion in A549 cells but not in H1975 cells. Conversely, knockdown of WRAP53-1β had no effect on p53 expression; promoted the growth of A549 cells but not of H1975 cells; decreased the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase in A549 cells but not in H1975 cells; and promoted migration and invasion in A549 cells but not in H1975 cells. Knockdown of both WRAP53-1α and WRAP53-1β promoted apoptosis in A549 cells but not in H1975 cells. CONCLUSIONS WRAP53 transcript variants exerted different functions in non-small cell lung cancer cells and regulated non-small cell lung cancer cell behaviors depending on the p53 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xueping Jiang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Bai
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanping Gao
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuying Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengrong Huang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (CX); (YG)
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail: (CX); (YG)
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13
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Liu M, Xiao Q, Yu X, Zhao Y, Qu C. Characterization of lung adenocarcinoma based on immunophenotyping and constructing an immune scoring model to predict prognosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1081244. [PMID: 36601052 PMCID: PMC9806149 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1081244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer poses great threat to human health, and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the main subtype. Immunotherapy has become first line therapy for LUAD. However, the pathogenic mechanism of LUAD is still unclear. Methods: We scored immune-related pathways in LUAD patients using single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm, and further identified distinct immune-related subtypes through consistent clustering analysis. Next, immune signatures, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, copy number variation (CNV) analysis, gene methylation analysis, mutational analysis were used to reveal differences between subtypes. pRRophetic method was used to predict the response to chemotherapeutic drugs (half maximal inhibitory concentration). Then, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to screen hub genes. Significantly, we built an immune score (IMscore) model to predict prognosis of LUAD. Results: Consensus clustering analysis identified three LUAD subtypes, namely immune-Enrich subtype (Immune-E), stromal-Enrich subtype (Stromal-E) and immune-Deprived subtype (Immune-D). Stromal-E subtype had a better prognosis, as shown by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Higher tumor purity and lower immune cell scores were found in the Immune-D subtype. CNV analysis showed that homologous recombination deficiency was lower in Stromal-E and higher in Immune-D. Likewise, mutational analysis found that the Stromal-E subtype had a lower mutation frequency in TP53 mutations. Difference in gene methylation (ZEB2, TWIST1, CDH2, CDH1 and CLDN1) among three subtypes was also observed. Moreover, Immune-E was more sensitive to traditional chemotherapy drugs Cisplatin, Sunitinib, Crizotinib, Dasatinib, Bortezomib, and Midostaurin in both the TCGA and GSE cohorts. Furthermore, a 6-gene signature was constructed to predicting prognosis, which performed better than TIDE score. The performance of IMscore model was successfully validated in three independent datasets and pan-cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfeng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical Sciences University, Harbin, China
| | - Qifan Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical Sciences University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiran Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical Sciences University, Harbin, China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Regional Marketing Department, YuceBio Technology Co., Shenzhen, China
| | - Changfa Qu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical Sciences University, Harbin, China,*Correspondence: Changfa Qu,
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14
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Zanini G, Selleri V, De Gaetano A, Gibellini L, Malerba M, Mattioli AV, Nasi M, Apostolova N, Pinti M. Differential Expression of Lonp1 Isoforms in Cancer Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233940. [PMID: 36497197 PMCID: PMC9739308 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lonp1 is a mitochondrial protease that degrades oxidized and damaged proteins, assists protein folding, and contributes to the maintenance of mitochondrial DNA. A higher expression of LonP1 has been associated with higher tumour aggressiveness. Besides the full-length isoform (ISO1), we identified two other isoforms of Lonp1 in humans, resulting from alternative splicing: Isoform-2 (ISO2) lacking aa 42-105 and isoform-3 (ISO3) lacking aa 1-196. An inspection of the public database TSVdb showed that ISO1 was upregulated in lung, bladder, prostate, and breast cancer, ISO2 in all the cancers analysed (including rectum, colon, cervical, bladder, prostate, breast, head, and neck), ISO3 did not show significant changes between cancer and normal tissue. We overexpressed ISO1, ISO2, and ISO3 in SW620 cells and found that the ISO1 isoform was exclusively mitochondrial, ISO2 was present in the organelle and in the cytoplasm, and ISO3 was exclusively cytoplasmatic. The overexpression of ISO1 and, at a letter extent, of ISO2 enhanced basal, ATP-linked, and maximal respiration without altering the mitochondria number or network, mtDNA amount. or mitochondrial dynamics. A higher extracellular acidification rate was observed in ISO1 and ISO2, overexpressing cells, suggesting an increase in glycolysis. Cells overexpressing the different isoforms did not show a difference in the proliferation rate but showed a great increase in anchorage-independent growth. ISO1 and ISO2, but not ISO3, determined an upregulation of EMT-related proteins, which appeared unrelated to higher mitochondrial ROS production, nor due to the activation of the MEK ERK pathway, but rather to global metabolic reprogramming of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Zanini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Valentina Selleri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna De Gaetano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Lara Gibellini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Mara Malerba
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Anna Vittoria Mattioli
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Milena Nasi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- FISABIO—Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-059-205-5386
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15
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Zhao R, Ge Y, Gong Y, Li B, Xiao B, Zuo S. NAP1L5 targeting combined with MYH9 Inhibit HCC progression through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:9000-9019. [PMID: 36374212 PMCID: PMC9740361 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 5 (NAP1L5) is a protein-coding gene that encodes a protein similar to nucleosome assembly protein 1 (NAP1). It is a histone chaperone that plays an important role in gene transcription in organisms. However, the role of NAP1L5 in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma remains to be elucidated. In this study, low expression of NAP1L5 was found in hepatocellular carcinoma, and the downregulation of NAP1L5 was related to shorter survival and disease-free survival. In addition, its expression is also related to the tumor size and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. The overexpression and knockdown of NAP1L5 by plasmid and siRNA showed that NAP1L5 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion and induced apoptosis of hepatoma cells. In vivo experiments confirmed that NAP1L5 can inhibit the growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In the mechanistic study, we found that NAP1L5 affects the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating MYH9 to inhibit the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. As a functional tumor suppressor, NAP1L5 is expressed at low levels in HCC. NAP1L5 inhibits the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating MYH9. It may be a new potential target for liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China
| | - Yuzhen Ge
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China
| | - Yongjun Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China
| | - Bo Li
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China
| | - Benli Xiao
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China
| | - Shi Zuo
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China
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16
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Kai M, Kubo M, Shikada S, Hayashi S, Morisaki T, Yamada M, Takao Y, Shimazaki A, Harada Y, Kaneshiro K, Mizuuchi Y, Shindo K, Nakamura M. A novel germline mutation of TP53 with breast cancer diagnosed as Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Surg Case Rep 2022; 8:197. [PMID: 36219266 PMCID: PMC9554102 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-022-01546-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene and, when dysfunctional, it is known to be involved in the development of cancers. Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a hereditary tumor with autosomal dominant inheritance that develops in people with germline pathogenic variants of TP53. LFS frequently develops in parallel to tumors, including breast cancer. We describe a novel germline mutation in TP53 identified by performing a multi-gene panel assay in a breast cancer patient with bilateral breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Kai
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Makoto Kubo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Sawako Shikada
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Saori Hayashi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Morisaki
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mai Yamada
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuka Takao
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Shimazaki
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yurina Harada
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kaneshiro
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mizuuchi
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Shindo
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate of School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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17
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Biological Evaluation of 3-Azaspiro[Bicyclo[3.1.0]Hexane-2,5′-Pyrimidines] as Potential Antitumor Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810759. [PMID: 36142688 PMCID: PMC9506420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of heterocyclic compounds containing spirofused barbiturate and 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane frameworks have been studied as potential antitumor agents. Antiproliferative activity of products was screened in human erythroleukemia (K562), T lymphocyte (Jurkat), and cervical carcinoma (HeLa) as well as mouse colon carcinoma (CT26) and African green monkey kidney epithelial (Vero) cell lines. The most effective among the screened compounds show IC50 in the range from 4.2 to 24.1 μM for all tested cell lines. The screened compounds have demonstrated a significant effect of the distribution of HeLa and CT26 cells across the cell cycle stage, with accumulation of cells in SubG1 phase and induced apoptosis. It was found, using a confocal microscopy, that actin filaments disappeared and granular actin was distributed diffusely in the cytoplasm of up to 90% of HeLa cells and up to 64% of CT26 cells after treatment with tested 3-azaspiro[bicyclo [3.1.0]hexane-2,5′-pyrimidines]. We discovered that the number of HeLa cells with filopodium-like membrane protrusions was reduced significantly (from 91% in control cells to 35%) after treatment with the most active compounds. A decrease in cell motility was also noticed. Preliminary in vivo experiments on the impact of the studied compounds on the dynamics of CT26 tumor growth in Balb/C mice were also performed.
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18
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Laka K, Mbita Z. P53-Related Anticancer Activities of Drimia calcarata Bulb Extracts Against Lung Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:876213. [PMID: 35769912 PMCID: PMC9235921 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.876213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Current lung cancer treatment strategies are ineffective, and lung cancer cases continue to soar; thus, novel anticancer drugs and targets are needed, and medicinal plants are promising to offer better alternatives. This study was aimed at analysing two p53 splice variants during the potential anticancer activities of Drimia calcarata (Dc) methanol and water extracts against different human lung cancer cell lines of varying p53 mutation status, and these included mutant H1573 and mutant H1437 and p53-wild type (A549) cells. The anticancer activities of the Dc extracts were assessed by establishing the cytotoxic effect and the apoptosis-inducing capacity of these extracts, using the MTT assay and Annexin V analysis, respectively, with the latter confirmed using fluorescence microscopy. The molecular mechanisms induced by these extracts were further evaluated using cell cycle analysis and RT-PCR. Both extracts demonstrated safety against noncancerous lung MRC-5 fibroblasts and exhibited significant anticancer potency (p < 0.001) against the H1437 (IC50 values: 62.50 μg/ml methanol extract and 125 μg/ml WE), H1573 (IC50 value: 125 μg/ml for both extracts) and A549 (IC50 value: 500 μg/ml ME). The water extract had no effect on the viability of A549 cells. Treated H1437 cells underwent p53-dependent apoptosis and S-phase cell cycle arrest while H1573 treated cells underwent p53-independed apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest through upregulation of p21 mRNA expression levels. The expression levels of STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B genes increased significantly (p < 0.001) following the treatment of H1573 cells with ME and WE. Treatment of H1437 cells with ME upregulated the STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B mRNAs. Our results indicate that the proliferative inhibitory effect of D. calcarata extracts on A549 and H1573 cells is correlated with the suppression of Bcl-2, STAT3 and STAT5B while that is not the case in H1437 cells. Thus, our results suggest that the dysregulation of anti-apoptotic molecules Bcl-2, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B in H1437 may play a role in cancer cell survival, which may consequently contribute to the development of p53-mutated non-small human lung cancer. Our results indicate that D. calcarata is a promising source of anticancer agents for the treatment of p53-mutant human non-small lung cancer cells than the p53-wild type human non-small lung cancer cells.
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Rojas EA, Corchete LA, De Ramón C, Krzeminski P, Quwaider D, García‐Sanz R, Martínez‐López J, Oriol A, Rosiñol L, Bladé J, Lahuerta JJ, San Miguel JF, González M, Mateos MV, Bourdon J, Misiewicz‐Krzeminska I, Gutiérrez NC. Expression of p53 protein isoforms predicts survival in patients with multiple myeloma. Am J Hematol 2022; 97:700-710. [PMID: 35188691 PMCID: PMC9313569 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Loss and/or mutation of the TP53 gene are associated with short survival in multiple myeloma, but the p53 landscape goes far beyond. At least 12 p53 protein isoforms have been identified as a result of a combination of alternative splicing, alternative promoters and/or alternative transcription site starts, which are grouped as α, β, γ, from transactivation domain (TA), long, and short isoforms. Nowadays, there are no studies evaluating the expression of p53 isoforms and its clinical relevance in multiple myeloma (MM). We used capillary nanoimmunoassay to quantify the expression of p53 protein isoforms in CD138-purified samples from 156 patients with newly diagnosed MM who were treated as part of the PETHEMA/GEM2012 clinical trial and investigated their prognostic impact. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to corroborate the results at RNA levels. Low and high levels of expression of short and TAp53β/γ isoforms, respectively, were associated with adverse prognosis in MM patients. Multivariate Cox models identified high levels of TAp53β/γ (hazard ratio [HR], 4.49; p < .001) and high-risk cytogenetics (HR, 2.69; p < .001) as independent prognostic factors associated with shorter time to progression. The current cytogenetic-risk classification was notably improved when expression levels of p53 protein isoforms were incorporated, whereby high-risk MM expressing high levels of short isoforms had significantly longer survival than high-risk patients with low levels of these isoforms. This is the first study that demonstrates the prognostic value of p53 isoforms in MM patients, providing new insights on the role of p53 protein dysregulation in MM biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeta A. Rojas
- Hematology Department University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL Salamanca Spain
- Cancer Research Center‐IBMCC (USAL‐CSIC) Salamanca Spain
| | - Luis A. Corchete
- Hematology Department University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL Salamanca Spain
- Cancer Research Center‐IBMCC (USAL‐CSIC) Salamanca Spain
| | - Cristina De Ramón
- Hematology Department University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL Salamanca Spain
| | - Patryk Krzeminski
- Hematology Department University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL Salamanca Spain
- Cancer Research Center‐IBMCC (USAL‐CSIC) Salamanca Spain
- Department of Nanobiotechnology and Experimental Ecology, Institute of Biology Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warsaw Poland
| | - Dalia Quwaider
- Hematology Department University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL Salamanca Spain
- Cancer Research Center‐IBMCC (USAL‐CSIC) Salamanca Spain
| | - Ramón García‐Sanz
- Hematology Department University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL Salamanca Spain
- Cancer Research Center‐IBMCC (USAL‐CSIC) Salamanca Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CB16/12/00233 Salamanca Spain
- Grupo Español de Mieloma (GEM) Barcelona Spain
| | - Joaquín Martínez‐López
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CB16/12/00233 Salamanca Spain
- Grupo Español de Mieloma (GEM) Barcelona Spain
- Medicine Department Complutense University Madrid Spain
- Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO) Madrid Spain
| | - Albert Oriol
- Grupo Español de Mieloma (GEM) Barcelona Spain
- University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol Barcelona Spain
| | - Laura Rosiñol
- Grupo Español de Mieloma (GEM) Barcelona Spain
- Hospital Clinic of Barcelona Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Barcelona Spain
| | - Joan Bladé
- Grupo Español de Mieloma (GEM) Barcelona Spain
- Hospital Clinic of Barcelona Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Barcelona Spain
| | - Juan José Lahuerta
- Grupo Español de Mieloma (GEM) Barcelona Spain
- Hematology Department University Hospital 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain
| | - Jesús F. San Miguel
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CB16/12/00233 Salamanca Spain
- Grupo Español de Mieloma (GEM) Barcelona Spain
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigaciones Médicas Aplicadas (CIMA) Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) Pamplona Spain
| | - Marcos González
- Hematology Department University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL Salamanca Spain
- Cancer Research Center‐IBMCC (USAL‐CSIC) Salamanca Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CB16/12/00233 Salamanca Spain
| | - María Victoria Mateos
- Hematology Department University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL Salamanca Spain
- Cancer Research Center‐IBMCC (USAL‐CSIC) Salamanca Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CB16/12/00233 Salamanca Spain
- Grupo Español de Mieloma (GEM) Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Irena Misiewicz‐Krzeminska
- Hematology Department University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL Salamanca Spain
- Cancer Research Center‐IBMCC (USAL‐CSIC) Salamanca Spain
- Experimental Hematology Department Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Warsaw Poland
| | - Norma C. Gutiérrez
- Hematology Department University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL Salamanca Spain
- Cancer Research Center‐IBMCC (USAL‐CSIC) Salamanca Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CB16/12/00233 Salamanca Spain
- Grupo Español de Mieloma (GEM) Barcelona Spain
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20
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Istrate-Ofiţeru AM, Berbecaru EIA, Zorilă GL, Roşu GC, Dîră LM, Comănescu CM, Drăguşin RC, Ruican D, Nagy RD, Iliescu DG, Mogoantă L, Pirici D. Specific Local Predictors That Reflect the Tropism of Endometriosis-A Multiple Immunohistochemistry Technique. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5614. [PMID: 35628423 PMCID: PMC9145853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic endometrial epithelium associates a wide spectrum of symptomatology. Their evolution can be influenced by inflammatory and vascular changes, that affect not only the structure and cell proliferation rate, but also symptoms. This prospective study involved tissue samples from surgically treated patients, stained using classical histotechniques and immunohistochemistry. We assessed ectopic endometrial glands (CK7+, CK20-), adjacent blood vessels (CD34+), estrogen/progesterone hormone receptors (ER+, PR+), inflammatory cells (CD3+, CD20+, CD68+, Tryptase+), rate of inflammatory cells (Ki67+) and oncoproteins (BCL2+, PTEN+, p53+) involved in the development of endometriosis/adenomyosis. A CK7+/CK20- expression profile was present in the ectopic epithelium and differentiated it from digestive metastases. ER+/PR+ were present in all cases analyzed. We found an increased vascularity (CD34+) in the areas with abdominal endometriosis and CD3+-:T-lymphocytes, CD20+-:B-lymphocytes, CD68+:macrophages, and Tryptase+: mastocytes were abundant, especially in cases with adenomyosis as a marker of proinflammatory microenvironment. In addition, we found a significantly higher division index-(Ki67+) in the areas with adenomyosis, and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes-p53+ in areas with neoplastic changes. The inflammatory/vascular/hormonal mechanisms trigger endometriosis progression and neoplastic changes increasing local pain. Furthermore, they may represent future therapeutic targets. Simultaneous-multiple immunohistochemical labelling represents a valuable technique for rapidly detecting cellular features that facilitate comparative analysis of the studied predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Maria Istrate-Ofiţeru
- Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.-M.I.-O.); (G.-C.R.); (L.M.); (D.P.)
- Research Centre for Microscopic Morphology and Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Emergency County Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania; (E.-I.-A.B.); (L.M.D.); (C.M.C.); (R.C.D.); (D.R.); (R.D.N.)
| | - Elena-Iuliana-Anamaria Berbecaru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Emergency County Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania; (E.-I.-A.B.); (L.M.D.); (C.M.C.); (R.C.D.); (D.R.); (R.D.N.)
| | - George-Lucian Zorilă
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Emergency County Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania; (E.-I.-A.B.); (L.M.D.); (C.M.C.); (R.C.D.); (D.R.); (R.D.N.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Gabriela-Camelia Roşu
- Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.-M.I.-O.); (G.-C.R.); (L.M.); (D.P.)
- Research Centre for Microscopic Morphology and Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Laurențiu Mihai Dîră
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Emergency County Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania; (E.-I.-A.B.); (L.M.D.); (C.M.C.); (R.C.D.); (D.R.); (R.D.N.)
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Cristina Maria Comănescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Emergency County Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania; (E.-I.-A.B.); (L.M.D.); (C.M.C.); (R.C.D.); (D.R.); (R.D.N.)
- Department of Anatomy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Roxana Cristina Drăguşin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Emergency County Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania; (E.-I.-A.B.); (L.M.D.); (C.M.C.); (R.C.D.); (D.R.); (R.D.N.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dan Ruican
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Emergency County Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania; (E.-I.-A.B.); (L.M.D.); (C.M.C.); (R.C.D.); (D.R.); (R.D.N.)
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Rodica Daniela Nagy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Emergency County Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania; (E.-I.-A.B.); (L.M.D.); (C.M.C.); (R.C.D.); (D.R.); (R.D.N.)
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dominic Gabriel Iliescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Emergency County Hospital, 200642 Craiova, Romania; (E.-I.-A.B.); (L.M.D.); (C.M.C.); (R.C.D.); (D.R.); (R.D.N.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Laurențiu Mogoantă
- Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.-M.I.-O.); (G.-C.R.); (L.M.); (D.P.)
- Research Centre for Microscopic Morphology and Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniel Pirici
- Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.-M.I.-O.); (G.-C.R.); (L.M.); (D.P.)
- Research Centre for Microscopic Morphology and Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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21
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Ohshiro T, Asai A, Konno M, Ohkawa M, Komoto Y, Ofusa K, Ishii H, Taniguchi M. Direct observation of DNA alterations induced by a DNA disruptor. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6945. [PMID: 35484163 PMCID: PMC9050671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10725-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA alterations, such as base modifications and mutations, are closely related to the activity of transcription factors and the corresponding cell functions; therefore, detection of DNA alterations is important for understanding their relationships. Particularly, DNA alterations caused by exposure to exogenous molecules, such as nucleic acid analogues for cancer therapy and the corresponding changes in cell functions, are of interest in medicine for drug development and diagnosis purposes. However, detection of comprehensive direct evidence for the relationship of DNA modifications/mutations in genes, their effect on transcription factors, and the corresponding cell functions have been limited. In this study, we utilized a single-molecule electrical detection method for the direct observation of DNA alterations on transcription factor binding motifs upon exposure to a nucleic acid analogue, trifluridine (FTD), and evaluated the effects of the DNA alteration on transcriptional activity in cancer cell line cells. We found ~ 10% FTD incorporation at the transcription factor p53 binding regions in cancer cells exposed to FTD for 5 months. Additionally, through single-molecule analysis of p53-enriched DNA, we found that the FTD incorporation at the p53 DNA binding regions led to less binding, likely due to weaken the binding of p53. This work suggests that single-molecule detection of DNA sequence alterations is a useful methodology for understanding DNA sequence alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Ohshiro
- SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Ayumu Asai
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research) Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan.,SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Konno
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translation Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 560-0085, Japan.,Division of Tumor Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Mayuka Ohkawa
- Division of Tumor Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Komoto
- SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan.,Artificial Intelligence Research Center, SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research) Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Ken Ofusa
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translation Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 560-0085, Japan.,Prophoenix Division, Food and Life-Science Laboratory, Idea Consultants, Inc., 1-24-22 Nanko-kita, Suminoe-ku, Osaka-City, Osaka, 559-8519, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ishii
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translation Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 560-0085, Japan.
| | - Masateru Taniguchi
- SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan.
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22
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McFadden WM, Yanowitz JL. idpr: A package for profiling and analyzing Intrinsically Disordered Proteins in R. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266929. [PMID: 35436286 PMCID: PMC9015136 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are proteins or protein-domains that do not have a single native structure, rather, they are a class of flexible peptides that can rapidly adopt multiple conformations. IDPs are quite abundant, and their dynamic characteristics provide unique advantages for various biological processes. The field of “unstructured biology” has emerged, in part, because of numerous computational studies that had identified the unique characteristics of IDPs and IDRs. The package ‘idpr’, short for Intrinsically Disordered Proteins in R, implements several R functions that match the established characteristics of IDPs to protein sequences of interest. This includes calculations of residue composition, charge-hydropathy relationships, and predictions of intrinsic disorder. Additionally, idpr integrates several amino acid substitution matrices and calculators to supplement IDP-based workflows. Overall, idpr aims to integrate tools for the computational analysis of IDPs within R, facilitating the analysis of these important, yet under-characterized, proteins. The idpr package can be downloaded from Bioconductor (https://bioconductor.org/packages/idpr/).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Judith L. Yanowitz
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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23
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Advanced Strategies for Therapeutic Targeting of Wild-Type and Mutant p53 in Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040548. [PMID: 35454137 PMCID: PMC9029346 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes a sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor activated by stressful stimuli; it upregulates target genes involved in growth suppression, cell death, DNA repair, metabolism, among others. TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in tumors, with mutations not only leading to loss-of-function (LOF), but also gain-of-function (GOF) that promotes tumor progression, and metastasis. The tumor-specific status of mutant p53 protein has suggested it is a promising target for cancer therapy. We summarize the current progress of targeting wild-type and mutant p53 for cancer therapy through biotherapeutic and biopharmaceutical methods for (1) boosting p53 activity in cancer, (2) p53-dependent and p53-independent strategies for targeting p53 pathway functional restoration in p53-mutated cancer, (3) targeting p53 in immunotherapy, and (4) combination therapies targeting p53, p53 checkpoints, or mutant p53 for cancer therapy.
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24
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Ogar GO, Minari JB, Bello AJ, Chiwetalu J, Omogunwa OE, Oshikoya OS, Otaru MT, Anyanele CA. Influence of ethanolic extract of Allium sativum on TP53 gene and its anticancer potential in N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in male albino rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:497-505. [PMID: 35656070 PMCID: PMC9150801 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.62295.13787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Cancer is a group of genetic disorders in which the behavior of the cell is disturbed by mutation and other abnormalities thereby posing as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer, highly aggressive with high mortality and incidence rate; and has limited therapeutic options. Most of the conventional cancer chemotherapeutics are associated with undesirable side effects, toxicity, chemoresistance, and high treatment cost, driving the need for a safer and more effective treatment alternative. Medicinal plants and herbs have shown very promising anti-cancer properties which are important for cancer treatment due to their multiple chemical compounds. Materials and Methods Qualitative screening of the ethanolic extractof Allium sativum was conducted showing the different phytochemicalspresent. The levels of liver function and hematological parameters wasdetermined via spectrophotometric analysis. Polymerase Chain Reaction techniquewas used to assess the gene patterns of Tumorsuppressor p53 (TP53). Results Phytochemical analysis revealed that Allium sativum has properties that antagonize the proliferating process of carcinogenesis in the liver. The NDEA-group showed significant distortion in the liver architecture characterized by vascular congestion of blood sinusoids, cirrhosis, and congestive hepatopathy while the treated groups showed a reduction in the abnormalities and malignant formation. The treated group showed a significant (P<0.05) increase and restored activities of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Bilirubin and hematological parameters (RBCs, WBCs, and Platelets). TP53 gene amplification was significantly (P<0.05) visible after treatment. Conclusion Ethanolic plant extract of A. sativum demonstrates its anticancer properties by improving the liver architecture, increasing the antioxidant defense systems, and activation of the tumor suppressor (TP53) gene. Garlic extract has anti-proliferating properties and can be used as an alternative mode of treatment and prevention for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin Offumobi Ogar
- Cancer Research and Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos
| | - Joseph Bamidele Minari
- Cancer Research and Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos,Corresponding author: Joseph Bamidele Minari. Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, PMB 1, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos
| | - Adebayo Joseph Bello
- Cancer Research and Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos
| | - Janet Chiwetalu
- Cancer Research and Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos
| | - Oluwafunto Eunice Omogunwa
- Cancer Research and Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos
| | - Oluwadamilola Suzan Oshikoya
- Cancer Research and Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos
| | - Micheal Tobiloba Otaru
- Cancer Research and Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos
| | - Chioma Anastacia Anyanele
- Cancer Research and Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos
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25
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Mechanism of Herb Pairs Astragalus mongholicus and Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton in Treating Gastric Carcinoma: A Network Pharmacology Combines with Differential Analysis and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8361431. [PMID: 35321506 PMCID: PMC8938068 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8361431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Gastric carcinoma (GC) is a kind of digestive tract tumor that is highly malignant and has a very poor prognosis. Although both Astragalus mongholicus (AM, huáng qí) and Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton (CPV, é zhú) can slow the onset and progression of GC, the mechanism by which AM-CPV works in the treatment of GC is uncertain. Materials and Methods The traditional Chinese medicine network databases TCMSP, TCMID, and ETCM were used to identify the key functional components and associated targets of AM and CPV. To establish a theoretical foundation, the development of gastric cancer (GC) was predicted utilizing a GEO gene chip and TCGA difference analysis mixed with network pharmacology. A herbal-ingredient-target network and a core target-signal pathway network were created using GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. The molecular docking method was used to evaluate seventeen main targets and their compounds. Results Cell activity, reactive oxygen species modification, metabolic regulation, and systemic immune activation may all be involved in the action mechanism of the AM-CPV drug-pair in the treatment of GC. It inhibits the calcium signaling route, the AGE-RAGE signaling system, the cAMP signaling pathway, the PI3K-Akt signaling network, and the MAPK signaling pathway, slowing the progression of GC. The number of inflammatory substances in the tumor microenvironment is reduced, GC cell proliferation is deprived, apoptosis is promoted, and GC progression is retarded through controlling the IL-17 signaling route, TNF signaling pathway, and other inflammation-related pathways. Conclusions The AM-CPV pharmaceutical combination regulates GC treatment via a multitarget, component, and signal pathway with a cooperative and bidirectional regulatory mechanism. Its active constituents may treat GC by regulating the expression of STAT1, MMP9, IL6, HSP90AA1, JUN, CCL2, IFNG, CXCL8, and other targets, as well as activating or inhibiting immune-inflammatory and cancer signaling pathways.
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26
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Koh SA, Jung JY, Kim JR, Lee KH. HGF induces oncoprotein HCCR-1 expression through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in gastric cancer. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:1507-1517. [PMID: 35422931 PMCID: PMC8991166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human cervical cancer oncogene (HCCR)-1, previously identified in cervical cancer and its cell lines, has been reported to play an important role in tumor progression in several cancers as a suppressor of apoptosis. However, the role of HCCR-1 in the tumorigenesis of stomach cancer has not been identified. This study examined the role of HCCR-1 as a suppressor of apoptosis during tumorigenesis in gastric cancer, along with its possible regulatory pathway. METHODS We employed several techniques including western blotting, semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and HCCR-1 knockdown with short hairpin RNA to elucidate the role of HCCR-1. RESULTS We observed that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) upregulated HCCR-1 expression. In addition, the expression levels of β-catenin, T cell factor-1 (TCF1), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (bcl2) were increased, whereas that of tumor protein 53 (p53) was decreased following HGF treatment. HCCR-1 knockdown in NUGC-3 and MKN-28 cells decreased the expression of TCF1 and phosphorylated β-catenin and increased the binding activity on the binding site of the HCCR-1 promoter. This identifies the possible involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HGF-induced HCCR-1 regulation. We also confirmed the role of HCCR-1 in HGF-induced anti-apoptotic activity. p53 protein expression was increased, whereas that of bcl2 was decreased with HGF treatment in HCCR-1 knockdown cells, while the apoptotic activity was increased. CONCLUSION Our study suggests the anti-apoptotic activity of HGF-induced HCCR-1 expression and that HGF may regulate HCCR-1 via TCF1/β-catenin in stomach cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ae Koh
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam UniversityDaegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Jung
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam UniversityDaegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam UniversityDaegu, Republic of Korea
- Aging-Associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam UniversityDaegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam UniversityDaegu, Republic of Korea
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27
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Hernández-Quiles M, Baak R, Borgman A, den Haan S, Sobrevals Alcaraz P, van Es R, Kiss-Toth E, Vos H, Kalkhoven E. Comprehensive Profiling of Mammalian Tribbles Interactomes Implicates TRIB3 in Gene Repression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6318. [PMID: 34944947 PMCID: PMC8699236 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The three human Tribbles (TRIB) pseudokinases have been implicated in a plethora of signaling and metabolic processes linked to cancer initiation and progression and can potentially be used as biomarkers of disease and prognosis. While their modes of action reported so far center around protein-protein interactions, the comprehensive profiling of TRIB interactomes has not been reported yet. Here, we have developed a robust mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics approach to characterize Tribbles' interactomes and report a comprehensive assessment and comparison of the TRIB1, -2 and -3 interactomes, as well as domain-specific interactions for TRIB3. Interestingly, TRIB3, which is predominantly localized in the nucleus, interacts with multiple transcriptional regulators, including proteins involved in gene repression. Indeed, we found that TRIB3 repressed gene transcription when tethered to DNA in breast cancer cells. Taken together, our comprehensive proteomic assessment reveals previously unknown interacting partners and functions of Tribbles proteins that expand our understanding of this family of proteins. In addition, our findings show that MS-based proteomics provides a powerful tool to unravel novel pseudokinase biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Hernández-Quiles
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.H.-Q.); (R.B.); (A.B.); (S.d.H.)
| | - Rosalie Baak
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.H.-Q.); (R.B.); (A.B.); (S.d.H.)
| | - Anouska Borgman
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.H.-Q.); (R.B.); (A.B.); (S.d.H.)
| | - Suzanne den Haan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.H.-Q.); (R.B.); (A.B.); (S.d.H.)
| | - Paula Sobrevals Alcaraz
- Oncode Institute and Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.S.A.); (R.v.E.); (H.V.)
| | - Robert van Es
- Oncode Institute and Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.S.A.); (R.v.E.); (H.V.)
| | - Endre Kiss-Toth
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
| | - Harmjan Vos
- Oncode Institute and Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.S.A.); (R.v.E.); (H.V.)
| | - Eric Kalkhoven
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.H.-Q.); (R.B.); (A.B.); (S.d.H.)
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28
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Jung Y, Kraikivski P, Shafiekhani S, Terhune SS, Dash RK. Crosstalk between Plk1, p53, cell cycle, and G2/M DNA damage checkpoint regulation in cancer: computational modeling and analysis. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2021; 7:46. [PMID: 34887439 PMCID: PMC8660825 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-021-00203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Different cancer cell lines can have varying responses to the same perturbations or stressful conditions. Cancer cells that have DNA damage checkpoint-related mutations are often more sensitive to gene perturbations including altered Plk1 and p53 activities than cancer cells without these mutations. The perturbations often induce a cell cycle arrest in the former cancer, whereas they only delay the cell cycle progression in the latter cancer. To study crosstalk between Plk1, p53, and G2/M DNA damage checkpoint leading to differential cell cycle regulations, we developed a computational model by extending our recently developed model of mitotic cell cycle and including these key interactions. We have used the model to analyze the cancer cell cycle progression under various gene perturbations including Plk1-depletion conditions. We also analyzed mutations and perturbations in approximately 1800 different cell lines available in the Cancer Dependency Map and grouped lines by genes that are represented in our model. Our model successfully explained phenotypes of various cancer cell lines under different gene perturbations. Several sensitivity analysis approaches were used to identify the range of key parameter values that lead to the cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Our resulting model can be used to predict the effect of potential treatments targeting key mitotic and DNA damage checkpoint regulators on cell cycle progression of different types of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwoon Jung
- grid.30760.320000 0001 2111 8460Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA
| | - Pavel Kraikivski
- Academy of Integrated Science, Division of Systems Biology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Sajad Shafiekhani
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Scott S. Terhune
- grid.30760.320000 0001 2111 8460Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA ,grid.30760.320000 0001 2111 8460Center of Systems and Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA
| | - Ranjan K. Dash
- grid.30760.320000 0001 2111 8460Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA ,grid.30760.320000 0001 2111 8460Center of Systems and Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA ,grid.30760.320000 0001 2111 8460Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA
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Gurnari C, Pagliuca S, Visconte V. Alternative Splicing in Myeloid Malignancies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121844. [PMID: 34944660 PMCID: PMC8698609 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative RNA splicing (AS) is an essential physiologic function that diversifies the human proteome. AS also has a crucial role during cellular development. In fact, perturbations in RNA-splicing have been implicated in the development of several cancers, including myeloid malignancies. Splicing dysfunction can be independent of genetic lesions or appear as a direct consequence of mutations in components of the RNA-splicing machinery, such as in the case of mutations occurring in splicing factor genes (i.e., SF3B1, SRSF2, U2AF1) and their regulators. In addition, cancer cells exhibit marked gene expression alterations, including different usage of AS isoforms, possibly causing tissue-specific effects and perturbations of downstream pathways. This review summarizes several modalities leading to splicing diversity in myeloid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Gurnari
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (C.G.); (S.P.)
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Pagliuca
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (C.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Valeria Visconte
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (C.G.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Andrikopoulou A, Terpos E, Chatzinikolaou S, Apostolidou K, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Gavriatopoulou M, Dimopoulos MA, Zagouri F. TP53 mutations determined by targeted NGS in breast cancer: a case-control study. Oncotarget 2021; 12:2206-2214. [PMID: 34676052 PMCID: PMC8522843 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor protein 53 (TP53) gene mutations are identified in up to 37% of breast tumors especially in HER-2 positive and basal-like subtype. Previous studies have indicated TP53 mutations as a prognostic biomarker in breast cancer. However, most of these studies performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the detection of TP53 mutations. Aim: The purpose of our study is to evaluate the role of TP53 somatic mutations detected via next-generation sequencing (NGS) as a potential prognostic marker in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: 82 female patients with Stage I–III breast cancer underwent NGS in paraffin blocks and blood samples during the period 25/09/2019 through 25/05/2021. 23 cases of somatic TP53 mutations and 23 cases of healthy controls were matched on age at diagnosis, menopausal status, histological subtype, histological grade, ki67 expression and disease stage. Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 52.35 (SD; 11.47) years. The somatic TP53 mutation NM_000546.5:c.824G>A p.(Cys275Tyr) was most frequently detected. Co-existence of PIK3CA mutation was a common finding in somatic TP53-mutant tumors (4/23; 17.4%). Disease-free survival was shorter in TP53-mutated cases (16.3 months vs. 62.9 months). TP53 pathogenic somatic mutations were associated with a 8-fold risk of recurrence in the univariate Cox regression analysis (OR = 8.530, 95% CI: 1.81–40.117; p = 0.007). Conclusions: Our case-control study suggests that TP53 somatic mutations detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS) are associated with an adverse prognosis in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Andrikopoulou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital Medical School, Athens 11528, Greece
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital Medical School, Athens 11528, Greece
| | | | - Kleoniki Apostolidou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital Medical School, Athens 11528, Greece
| | | | - Maria Gavriatopoulou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital Medical School, Athens 11528, Greece
| | | | - Flora Zagouri
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital Medical School, Athens 11528, Greece
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31
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Ren Y, Wu S, Chen S, Burdette JE, Cheng X, Kinghorn AD. Interaction of (+)-Strebloside and Its Derivatives with Na +/K +-ATPase and Other Targets. Molecules 2021; 26:5675. [PMID: 34577146 PMCID: PMC8467840 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Docking profiles for (+)-strebloside, a cytotoxic cardiac glycoside identified from Streblus asper, and some of its derivatives and Na+/K+-ATPase have been investigated. In addition, binding between (+)-strebloside and its aglycone, strophanthidin, and several of their other molecular targets, including FIH-1, HDAC, KEAP1 and MDM2 (negative regulators of Nrf2 and p53, respectively), NF-κB, and PI3K and Akt1, have been inspected and compared with those for digoxin and its aglycone, digoxigenin. The results showed that (+)-strebloside, digoxin, and their aglycones bind to KEAP1 and MDM2, while (+)-strebloside, strophanthidin, and digoxigenin dock to the active pocket of PI3K, and (+)-strebloside and digoxin interact with FIH-1. Thus, these cardiac glycosides could directly target HIF-1, Nrf2, and p53 protein-protein interactions, Na+/K+-ATPase, and PI3K to mediate their antitumor activity. Overall, (+)-strebloside seems more promising than digoxin for the development of potential anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ren
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (Y.R.); (S.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Sijin Wu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (Y.R.); (S.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Sijie Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (Y.R.); (S.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Xiaolin Cheng
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (Y.R.); (S.W.); (S.C.)
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (Y.R.); (S.W.); (S.C.)
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Gao J, Li X, Li D, Liu Y, Cao W, Chen X, Li Z, Wang X, Cao Q, Peng T, Jin H, Shan H. Quantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of biomarker combinations for human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1086. [PMID: 34422998 PMCID: PMC8339853 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common cancers in developing countries. However, currently there are no specific biomarkers for ESCC. This study evaluated the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), tumor suppressor protein p53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as biomarkers for ESCC. Methods This study included 60 clinical cases (30 ESCC and 30 non-ESCC cases that were confirmed pathologically). The expression of PCNA, p53, EGFR, and VEGF were investigated using a quantitative computerized immunohistochemistry (IHC) method. The expression level of each protein was indicated by a H-score from the quantitative analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and area under curve (AUC) analyses were performed. The sensitivity and specificity of each individual protein and combinations of the proteins were calculated. Results The H-score analysis indicated that expressions of EGFR, PCNA, and VEGF were statistically significantly higher in ESCC than non-ESCC patients; however, p53 was not. The panels of combinations of these proteins were more sensitive than that of any single protein. In the triplicate combination, the AUC prediction probability increased to 0.86, while the single protein AUC prediction probabilities were 0.74 (EGFR), 0.80 (PCNA), and 0.70 (VEGF). Conclusions The high expression of PCNA, EGFR, and VEGF suggests that they are potential biomarkers for ESCC. The combination of these biomarkers may provide targets for molecular therapy and molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiebing Gao
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xinglin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Dan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wanwei Cao
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, China
| | - Zhijun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Qingdong Cao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tukang Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hongjun Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hong Shan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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Towle-Miller LM, Miecznikowski JC, Zhang F, Tritchler DL. SuMO-Fil: Supervised multi-omic filtering prior to performing network analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255579. [PMID: 34343218 PMCID: PMC8330944 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-omic analyses that integrate many high-dimensional datasets often present significant deficiencies in statistical power and require time consuming computations to execute the analytical methods. We present SuMO-Fil to remedy against these issues which is a pre-processing method for Supervised Multi-Omic Filtering that removes variables or features considered to be irrelevant noise. SuMO-Fil is intended to be performed prior to downstream analyses that detect supervised gene networks in sparse settings. We accomplish this by implementing variable filters based on low similarity across the datasets in conjunction with low similarity with the outcome. This approach can improve accuracy, as well as reduce run times for a variety of computationally expensive downstream analyses. This method has applications in a setting where the downstream analysis may include sparse canonical correlation analysis. Filtering methods specifically for cluster and network analysis are introduced and compared by simulating modular networks with known statistical properties. The SuMO-Fil method performs favorably by eliminating non-network features while maintaining important biological signal under a variety of different signal settings as compared to popular filtering techniques based on low means or low variances. We show that the speed and accuracy of methods such as supervised sparse canonical correlation are increased after using SuMO-Fil, thus greatly improving the scalability of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorin M. Towle-Miller
- Department of Biostatistics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | | | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | - David L. Tritchler
- Department of Biostatistics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
- Biostatistics Division, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Rozario LT, Sharker T, Nila TA. In silico analysis of deleterious SNPs of human MTUS1 gene and their impacts on subsequent protein structure and function. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252932. [PMID: 34125870 PMCID: PMC8202925 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial tumor suppressor 1 (MTUS1) gene acts as a crucial tumor suppressor by inhibiting growth and proliferation of eukaryotic cells including tumor cell lines. Down regulation of MTUS1 gene has been implicated in a wide range of cancers as well as various human diseases. Alteration through nsSNPs can potentially damage the structure and/or function of the protein. As characterization of functional SNPs in such disease linked genes is a major challenge, it is feasible to analyze putative functional SNPs prior to performing larger population studies. Hence, in this in silico study we differentiated the potentially harmful nsSNPs of the MTUS1 gene from the neutral ones by using various sequence and structure based bioinformatic tools. In a total of 215 nsSNPs, 9 were found to be most likely to exert deleterious effect using 7 prediction tools. From which, 5nsSNPs (S1259L, E960K, P503T, L1084V and L1143Q) were selected as potentially damaging due to their presence in the highly conserved region and ability to decrease protein stability. In fact, 2 nsSNPs (S1259L and E960K) among these 5 were found to be individually associated with two distinctive cancers named Stomach adenocarcinoma and Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. As this is the first comprehensive study analyzing the functional nsSNPs of MTUS1, the results of the current study would certainly be helpful in future prospects concerning large population-based studies as well as drug discovery, especially developing individualized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Teresa Rozario
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
| | - Tanima Sharker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Tasnin Akter Nila
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Lan Y, Liu W, Zhang W, Hu J, Zhu X, Wan L, A S, Ping Y, Xiao Y. Transcriptomic heterogeneity of driver gene mutations reveals novel mutual exclusivity and improves exploration of functional associations. Cancer Med 2021; 10:4977-4993. [PMID: 34076361 PMCID: PMC8290236 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), as the most common subtype of lung cancer, is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. The accumulation of driver gene mutations enables cancer cells to gradually acquire growth advantage. Therefore, it is important to understand the functions and interactions of driver gene mutations in cancer progression. Methods We obtained gene mutation data and gene expression profile of 506 LUAD tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The subtypes of tumors with driver gene mutations were identified by consensus cluster analysis. Results We found 21 significantly mutually exclusive pairs consisting of 20 genes among 506 LUAD patients. Because of the increased transcriptomic heterogeneity of mutations, we identified subtypes among tumors with non‐silent mutations in driver genes. There were 494 mutually exclusive pairs found among driver gene mutations within different subtypes. Furthermore, we identified functions of mutually exclusive pairs based on the hypothesis of functional redundancy of mutual exclusivity. These mutually exclusive pairs were significantly enriched in nuclear division and humoral immune response, which played crucial roles in cancer initiation and progression. We also found 79 mutually exclusive triples among subtypes of tumors with driver gene mutations, which were key roles in cell motility and cellular chemical homeostasis. In addition, two mutually exclusive triples and one mutually exclusive triple were associated with the overall survival and disease‐specific survival of LUAD patients, respectively. Conclusions We revealed novel mutual exclusivity and generated a comprehensive functional landscape of driver gene mutations, which could offer a new perspective to understand the mechanisms of cancer development and identify potential biomarkers for LUAD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Lan
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wanmei Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Hu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Linyun Wan
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Suru A
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanyan Ping
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yun Xiao
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Camelo F, Le A. The Intricate Metabolism of Pancreatic Cancers. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1311:77-88. [PMID: 34014535 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65768-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, approximately 95% of pancreatic cancers are pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC), which are the most aggressive form and the fourth leading cause of cancer death with extremely poor prognosis [1]. Poor prognosis is primarily attributed to the late diagnosis of the disease when patients are no longer candidates for surgical resection [2]. Cancer cells are dependent on the oncogenes that allow them to proliferate limitlessly. Thus, targeting the expression of known oncogenes in pancreatic cancer has been shown to lead to more effective treatment [3]. This chapter discusses the complexity of metabolic features in pancreatic cancers. In order to comprehend the heterogeneous nature of cancer metabolism fully, we need to take into account the close relationship between cancer metabolism and genetics. Gene expression varies tremendously, not only among different types of cancers but also within the same type of cancer among different patients. Cancer metabolism heterogeneity is often prompted and perpetuated not only by mutations in oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes but also by the innate diversity of the tumor microenvironment. Much effort has been focused on elucidating the genetic alterations that correlate with disease progression and treatment response [4, 5]. However, the precise mechanisms by which tumor metabolism contributes to cancer growth, survival, mobility, and aggressiveness represent a functional readout of tumor progression (Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Camelo
- MD Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Le
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Tay BQ, Wright Q, Ladwa R, Perry C, Leggatt G, Simpson F, Wells JW, Panizza BJ, Frazer IH, Cruz JLG. Evolution of Cancer Vaccines-Challenges, Achievements, and Future Directions. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9050535. [PMID: 34065557 PMCID: PMC8160852 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9050535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of cancer vaccines has been intensively pursued over the past 50 years with modest success. However, recent advancements in the fields of genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, and immunology have renewed interest in these immunotherapies and allowed the development of promising cancer vaccine candidates. Numerous clinical trials testing the response evoked by tumour antigens, differing in origin and nature, have shed light on the desirable target characteristics capable of inducing strong tumour-specific non-toxic responses with increased potential to bring clinical benefit to patients. Novel delivery methods, ranging from a patient’s autologous dendritic cells to liposome nanoparticles, have exponentially increased the abundance and exposure of the antigenic payloads. Furthermore, growing knowledge of the mechanisms by which tumours evade the immune response has led to new approaches to reverse these roadblocks and to re-invigorate previously suppressed anti-tumour surveillance. The use of new drugs in combination with antigen-based therapies is highly targeted and may represent the future of cancer vaccines. In this review, we address the main antigens and delivery methods used to develop cancer vaccines, their clinical outcomes, and the new directions that the vaccine immunotherapy field is taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ban Qi Tay
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
| | - Quentin Wright
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
| | - Rahul Ladwa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (C.P.); (B.J.P.)
| | - Christopher Perry
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (C.P.); (B.J.P.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Graham Leggatt
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
| | - Fiona Simpson
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
| | - James W. Wells
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
| | - Benedict J. Panizza
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (C.P.); (B.J.P.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Ian H. Frazer
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
| | - Jazmina L. G. Cruz
- Faculty of Medicine, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (B.Q.T.); (Q.W.); (G.L.); (F.S.); (J.W.W.); (I.H.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-0478912737
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Golijanin B, Gershman B, De Souza A, Kott O, Carneiro BA, Mega A, Golijanin DJ, Amin A. p53 Expression, Programmed Death Ligand 1, and Risk Factors in Urinary Tract Small Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:651754. [PMID: 33968753 PMCID: PMC8101844 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.651754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Small cell carcinoma of the urinary tract (SCCUT) is a rare finding with poor clinical course. This study sheds light on the molecular subtype and identifies risk factors in patients diagnosed with SCCUT. Methods: Immunohistochemical expression of immunotherapy target programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and luminal (GATA3), basal (p63), and p53 markers are assessed in patients diagnosed with SCCUT. Univariate analysis identified risk factors. Overall survival (OS) is computed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: Tissue was available for 70.2% (33/47). All showed a high PD-L1 expression phenotype. p53 is seen in 93.9% (31/33), mostly as overexpression, GATA3 in 45.5% (15/33), and p63 in 57.6% (19/33). For the entire cohort (n = 47), 1-year survival was 59.6%, and the median OS was 17 months. Univariate analysis shows that chemotherapy [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.14–0.61, p = 0.001], radical surgery (HR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.18–0.76, p = 0.007), and diagnosis of non-pure SCCUT (HR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.22–0.86, p = 0.02) are favorable prognostic features. Metastasis had negative associations with survival (HR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.1–4.2, p = 0.03). Conclusions: In this series, pure and mixed SCCUT are characterized by p53 overexpression and a high PD-L1 phenotype. Histology of non-pure SCCUT is a positive prognosticator, and radical cystectomy or chemotherapy can improve OS. These findings demonstrate that SCCUT may be eligible for PD-L1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borivoj Golijanin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.,Urology Department, Minimally Invasive Urology Institute, The Miriam Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Boris Gershman
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andre De Souza
- Oncology Department, Lifespan Cancer Institute, The Miriam Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Ohad Kott
- Urology Department, Minimally Invasive Urology Institute, The Miriam Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Benedito A Carneiro
- Oncology Department, Lifespan Cancer Institute, The Miriam Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Anthony Mega
- Oncology Department, Lifespan Cancer Institute, The Miriam Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Dragan J Golijanin
- Urology Department, Minimally Invasive Urology Institute, The Miriam Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Ali Amin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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Wang H, Zhang K, Liu J, Yang J, Tian Y, Yang C, Li Y, Shao M, Su W, Song N. Curcumin Regulates Cancer Progression: Focus on ncRNAs and Molecular Signaling Pathways. Front Oncol 2021; 11:660712. [PMID: 33912467 PMCID: PMC8072122 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.660712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin [(1E,6E) ‑1,7‑bis(4‑hydroxy‑3‑methoxyphenyl) hepta‑1,6‑diene‑3,5‑ dione] is a natural polyphenol derived from the rhizome of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa. Accumulated evidences have presented curcumin’s function in terms of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties, and especially anti-tumor activities. Studies demonstrated that curcumin could exert anti-tumor activity via multiple biological signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, p53, NF-ĸB and apoptosis related signaling pathways. Moreover, Curcumin can inhibit tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis by regulating tumor related non-coding RNA (ncRNA) expression. In this review, we summarized the roles of curcumin in regulating signaling pathways and ncRNAs in different kinds of cancers. We also discussed the regulatory effect of curcumin through inhibiting carcinogenic miRNA and up regulating tumor suppressive miRNA. Furthermore, we aim to illustrate the cross regulatory relationship between ncRNA and signaling pathways, further to get a better understanding of the anti-tumor mechanism of curcumin, thus lay a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of curcumin in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yidan Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chen Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yushan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Minglong Shao
- Department of Mental Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Na Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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p53 Protein Isoform Profiles in AML: Correlation with Distinct Differentiation Stages and Response to Epigenetic Differentiation Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040833. [PMID: 33917201 PMCID: PMC8068061 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
p53 protein isoform expression has been found to correlate with prognosis and chemotherapy response in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We aimed to investigate how p53 protein isoforms are modulated during epigenetic differentiation therapy in AML, and if p53 isoform expression could be a potential biomarker for predicting a response to this treatment. p53 full-length (FL), p53β and p53γ protein isoforms were analyzed by 1D and 2D gel immunoblots in AML cell lines, primary AML cells from untreated patients and AML cells from patients before and after treatment with valproic acid (VPA), all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and theophylline. Furthermore, global gene expression profiling analysis was performed on samples from the clinical protocol. Correlation analyses were performed between p53 protein isoform expression and in vitro VPA sensitivity and FAB (French–American–British) class in primary AML cells. The results show downregulation of p53β/γ and upregulation of p53FL in AML cell lines treated with VPA, and in some of the patients treated with differentiation therapy. p53FL positively correlated with in vitro VPA sensitivity and the FAB class of AML, while p53β/γ isoforms negatively correlated with the same. Our results indicate that p53 protein isoforms are modulated by and may predict sensitivity to differentiation therapy in AML.
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Diţescu D, Istrate-Ofiţeru AM, Roşu GC, Iovan L, Liliac IM, Zorilă GL, Bălăşoiu M, Cercelaru L. Clinical and pathological aspects of condyloma acuminatum - review of literature and case presentation. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MORPHOLOGIE ET EMBRYOLOGIE 2021; 62:369-383. [PMID: 35024725 PMCID: PMC8848243 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.62.2.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is a pathology caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). It is manifested by the appearance of warts in the vulvar, pubic, and anorectal regions, but can occur in other areas. It is a common disease that can be prevented by using measures such as condoms or vaccine. Topical, local, pharmacological, surgical, and excisional therapy options are available for this pathology. Macroscopically, it appears as a vegetative tumor, with a single implantation base that branches towards the periphery, with a cauliflower appearance. CA is defined microscopically by acanthosis, parakeratosis, papillomatosis and koilocytosis. Immunohistochemical studies can detect the presence of various HPV strains or viral antigens and can emphasize certain specific characteristics; e.g., in the case presented in this study, we observed that the tumor had a fulminant evolution due to a strong vascular base identified with anti-cluster of differentiation (CD) 34 antibody, by the existence of epithelial cells with a high degree of cell proliferation, as evidenced by the anti-Ki67 antibody, the inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene and the appearance of immunolabeling for the anti-p53 antibody, by the strong immunoreactivity for p63 which reveals the existence of cells with dysplastic and neoplastic transformation potential, but also by detecting the immunolabeling for p16INK4a that is associated with the existence of HPV. Also, the tumor was immunoreactive for cytokeratin (CK) AE1/AE3, partially immunoreactive for CK5/6 in the basal layer and negative for CK7, which demonstrates the squamous epithelial origin of the described tumor. Subepithelial cells of the inflammatory system have been identified, such as macrophages immunolabeled with anti-CD68 antibody, T-lymphocytes immunolabeled with anti-CD3 antibody and rare B-lymphocytes immunolabeled with anti-CD20 antibody, which demonstrates the strong cellular response to remove the virus from the structure. Surgical and excisional treatment was helpful for the patient, because she was able to resume normal sexual activity and defecation, and on the other hand, microscopic studies showed the potential for malignant transformation of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Diţescu
- Department of Histology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; ,
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Genetic Drivers of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Aberrant Splicing Events, Mutational Burden, HPV Infection and Future Targets. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030422. [PMID: 33804181 PMCID: PMC7998272 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers include cancers that originate from a variety of locations. These include the mouth, nasal cavity, throat, sinuses, and salivary glands. These cancers are the sixth most diagnosed cancers worldwide. Due to the tissues they arise from, they are collectively named head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The most important risk factors for head and neck cancers are infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), tobacco use and alcohol consumption. The genetic basis behind the development and progression of HNSCC includes aberrant non-coding RNA levels. However, one of the most important differences between healthy tissue and HNSCC tissue is changes in the alternative splicing of genes that play a vital role in processes that can be described as the hallmarks of cancer. These changes in the expression profile of alternately spliced mRNA give rise to various protein isoforms. These protein isoforms, alternate methylation of proteins, and changes in the transcription of non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) can be used as diagnostic or prognostic markers and as targets for the development of new therapeutic agents. This review aims to describe changes in alternative splicing and ncRNA patterns that contribute to the development and progression of HNSCC. It will also review the use of the changes in gene expression as biomarkers or as the basis for the development of new therapies.
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Genotyping and Characterization of HPV Status, Hypoxia, and Radiosensitivity in 22 Head and Neck Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051069. [PMID: 33802339 PMCID: PMC7959143 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To study head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) in vitro, a large variety of HNSCC cell lines have been developed. Here, we characterize a panel of 22 HNSCC cell lines, thereby providing a tool for research into tumor-specific treatment options in HNSCC. Both human papillomavirus (HPV) positive and HPV negative tumor cell lines were collected from commercial and collaborative sources. Short tandem repeat profiling was used to confirm or characterize the identity of the cell lines. Targeted sequencing was performed using a standard pathology single molecule Molecular Inversion Probe panel to detect mutations for 23 tumor suppressors and oncogenes. HPV status, p16 status, radiosensitivity data, and hypoxia data are summarized from all cell lines. We detected HPV transcripts in five cell lines, all of which overexpressed p16. One HPV negative cell line was also p16 positive. We detected mutations in KIT (SCCNij185), PIK3CA (SCCNij185), and CDKN2A (UT-SCC-5 and UT-SCC-38). TP53 mutations were the most frequent, occurring in 16/22 cell lines. HPV infection and TP53 mutations were almost mutually exclusive, with the exception of 93-VU-147T. The cell lines exhibited a wide range of sensitivities towards hypoxia and irradiation. Here, we provide a description of a set of frequently used HNSCC cell lines with diverse characteristics as found in HNSCC patients.
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Network Pharmacology Interpretation of Fuzheng-Jiedu Decoction against Colorectal Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:4652492. [PMID: 33688358 PMCID: PMC7914091 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4652492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) believes that the pathogenic factors of colorectal cancer (CRC) are “deficiency, dampness, stasis, and toxin,” and Fuzheng–Jiedu Decoction (FJD) can resist these factors. In this study, we want to find out the potential targets and pathways of FJD in the treatment of CRC and also explain from a scientific point of view that FJD multidrug combination can resist “deficiency, dampness, stasis, and toxin.” Methods We get the composition of FJD from the TCMSP database and get its potential target. We also get the potential target of colorectal cancer according to the OMIM Database, TTD Database, GeneCards Database, CTD Database, DrugBank Database, and DisGeNET Database. Subsequently, PPI analysis, KEGG pathways analysis, and GO biological processes analysis were carried out for the target of FJD in the therapy of colorectal cancer. In addition, we have also built a relevant network diagram. Results In this study, we identified four core compounds of FJD in the therapy of colorectal cancer, including quercetin, kaempferol, beta-sitosterol, and stigmasterol. At the same time, we also obtained 30 core targets, including STAT3, INS, TP53, VEGFA, AKT1, TNF, IL6, JUN, EGF, CASP3, MAPK3, MAPK1, MAPK8, SRC, IGF1, CCND1, ESR1, EGFR, PTEN, MTOR, FOS, PTGS2, CXCL8, HRAS, CDH1, BCL2L1, FN1, MMP9, ERBB2, and JAK2. FJD treatment of colorectal cancer mainly involves 112 KEGG pathways, including FoxO (hsa04068) signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt (hsa04151) signaling pathway, HIF-1 (hsa04066) signaling pathway, T cell receptor (hsa04660) signaling pathway, and ErbB (hsa04012) signaling pathway. At the same time, 330 GO biological processes were summarized, including cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, angiogenesis, inflammation, and immune. Conclusions In this study, we found that FJD can regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation and immunity, and angiogenesis through PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to play an anti-CRC effect.
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Chandra S, Srinivasan S, Batra J. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta: A perspective in cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:1791-1804. [PMID: 33580750 PMCID: PMC7940219 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta (HNF1 β/B) exists as a homeobox transcription factor having a vital role in the embryonic development of organs mainly liver, kidney and pancreas. Initially described as a gene causing maturity‐onset diabetes of the young (MODY), HNF1β expression deregulation and single nucleotide polymorphisms in HNF1β have now been associated with several tumours including endometrial, prostate, ovarian, hepatocellular, renal and colorectal cancers. Its function has been studied either as homodimer or heterodimer with HNF1α. In this review, the role of HNF1B in different cancers will be discussed along with the role of its splice variants, and its emerging role as a potential biomarker in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Chandra
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Srilakshmi Srinivasan
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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Daniyal A, Santoso I, Gunawan NHP, Barliana MI, Abdulah R. Genetic Influences in Breast Cancer Drug Resistance. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2021; 13:59-85. [PMID: 33603458 PMCID: PMC7882715 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s284453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in adult women aged 20 to 50 years. The therapeutic regimens that are commonly recommended to treat breast cancer are human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) targeted therapy, endocrine therapy, and systemic chemotherapy. The selection of pharmacotherapy is based on the characteristics of the tumor and its hormone receptor status, specifically, the presence of HER2, progesterone receptors, and estrogen receptors. Breast cancer pharmacotherapy often gives different results in various populations, which may cause therapeutic failure. Different types of congenital drug resistance in individuals can cause this. Genetic polymorphism is a factor in the occurrence of congenital drug resistance. This review explores the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and resistance to breast cancer therapy. It considers studies published from 2010 to 2020 concerning the relationship of genetic polymorphisms and breast cancer therapy. Several gene polymorphisms are found to be related to longer overall survival, worse relapse-free survival, higher pathological complete response, and increased disease-free survival in breast cancer patients. The presence of these gene polymorphisms can be considered in the treatment of breast cancer in order to shape personalized therapy to yield better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhitiya Daniyal
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Ivana Santoso
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Nadira Hasna Putri Gunawan
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Melisa Intan Barliana
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
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A pro-inflammatory mediator USP11 enhances the stability of p53 and inhibits KLF2 in intracerebral hemorrhage. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 21:681-692. [PMID: 34141823 PMCID: PMC8178085 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Microglial cell activation and neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) lead to secondary brain damage. Ubiquitin-specific protease 11 (USP11) has been correlated with ICH-induced neuron apoptosis. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of USP11 regulating neuroinflammation in ICH. First, an ICH rat model was developed by intracranial administration of collagenase. Silencing USP11 was found to alleviate nerve injury in rats with ICH-like symptoms. Then, through loss- and gain-of-function assays, USP11 knockdown was revealed to alleviate ICH-induced symptoms, corresponding to reduced modified neurological severity scores (mNSS) value, brain water content, blood-brain barrier permeability, neuron apoptosis, microglial cell activation, neutrophil infiltration, and inflammatory factor secretion. It was subsequently shown in microglial cells that USP11 stabilized p53 by deubiquitination and p53 targeted the Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) promoter to repress KLF2 transcription, thereby activating the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway. Further, rescue experiments were conducted in vivo to validate the function of the USP11/p53/KLF2/NF-κB axis in ICH-induced inflammation, which confirmed that USP11 silencing blocked the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines following ICH by downregulating p53, thus protecting against neurological impairment. Hence silencing USP11 may be a novel anti-inflammatory method for ICH treatment.
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Alternative splicing modulates cancer aggressiveness: role in EMT/metastasis and chemoresistance. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:897-914. [PMID: 33400075 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced metastasis and disease recurrence accounts for the high mortality rates associated with cancer. The process of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) contributes towards the augmentation of cancer invasiveness along with the gain of stem-like and the subsequent drug-resistant behavior. Apart from the well-established transcriptional regulation, EMT is also controlled post-transcriptionally by virtue of alternative splicing (AS). Numerous genes including Fibroblast Growth Factor receptor (FGFR) as well as CD44 are differentially spliced during this trans-differentiation process which, in turn, governs cancer progression. These splicing alterations are controlled by various splicing factors including ESRP, RBFOX2 as well as hnRNPs. Here, we have depicted the mechanisms governing the splice isoform switching of FGFR and CD44. Moreover, the role of the splice variants generated by AS of these gene transcripts in modulating the metastatic potential and stem-like/chemoresistant behavior of cancer cells has also been highlighted. Additionally, the involvement of splicing factors in regulating EMT/invasiveness along with drug-resistance as well as the metabolic properties of the cells has been emphasized. Tumorigenesis is accompanied by a remodeling of the cellular splicing profile generating diverse protein isoforms which, in turn, control the cancer-associated hallmarks. Therefore, we have also briefly discussed about a wide variety of genes which are differentially spliced in the tumor cells and promote cancer progression. We have also outlined different strategies for targeting the tumor-associated splicing events which have shown promising results and therefore this approach might be useful in developing therapies to reduce cancer aggressiveness in a more specific manner.
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Alteration of protein expression and spliceosome pathway activity during Barrett's carcinogenesis. J Gastroenterol 2021; 56:791-807. [PMID: 34227026 PMCID: PMC8370908 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-021-01802-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a known precursor lesion and the strongest risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), a common and lethal type of cancer. Prediction of risk, the basis for efficient intervention, is commonly solely based on histologic examination. This approach is challenged by problems such as inter-observer variability in the face of the high heterogeneity of dysplastic tissue. Molecular markers might offer an additional way to understand the carcinogenesis and improve the diagnosis-and eventually treatment. In this study, we probed significant proteomic changes during dysplastic progression from BE into EAC. METHODS During endoscopic mucosa resection, epithelial and stromal tissue samples were collected by laser capture microdissection from 10 patients with normal BE and 13 patients with high-grade dysplastic/EAC. Samples were analyzed by mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. Expressed proteins were determined by label-free quantitation, and gene set enrichment was used to find differentially expressed pathways. The results were validated by immunohistochemistry for two selected key proteins (MSH6 and XPO5). RESULTS Comparing dysplastic/EAC to non-dysplastic BE, we found in equal volumes of epithelial tissue an overall up-regulation in terms of protein abundance and diversity, and determined a set of 226 differentially expressed proteins. Significantly higher expressions of MSH6 and XPO5 were validated orthogonally and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that disease-related proteomic alterations can be determined by analyzing minute amounts of cell-type-specific collected tissue. Further analysis indicated that alterations of certain pathways associated with carcinogenesis, such as micro-RNA trafficking, DNA damage repair, and spliceosome activity, exist in dysplastic/EAC.
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Liu Z, Xiao Z, Li M, Xiao Y, Wang X, He J, Li Y. Association Between Arg72Pro Polymorphism in TP53 and Malignant Abdominal Solid Tumor Risk in Hunan Children. Cancer Control 2021; 28:10732748211004880. [PMID: 33759598 PMCID: PMC8204553 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211004880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric solid tumors are heterogeneous and comprise various histological subtypes. TP53, a tumor suppressor, orchestrates the transcriptional activation of anti-cancer genes. The gene coding for this protein is highly polymorphic, and its mutations are associated with cancer development. The Arg72Pro polymorphism in TP53 has been associated with susceptibility to various types of cancer. Here, in this hospital-based study, we evaluated the association of this polymorphism with susceptibility toward malignant abdominal solid tumors in children in the Hunan province of China. We enrolled 162 patients with neuroblastoma, 60 patients with Wilms' tumor, and 28 patients with hepatoblastoma as well as 270 controls. Genotypes were determined using a TaqMan assay, and the strength of the association was assessed using an odds ratio, within a 95% confidence interval identified using logistic regression models. Our results showed that the Arg72Pro polymorphism did not exhibit significant association with susceptibility toward pediatric malignant abdominal solid tumors. Stratification analysis revealed that this polymorphism exerts weak sex- and age-specific effects on Wilms' tumor and hepatoblastoma susceptibility, respectively. Overall, our results indicate that the Arg72Pro polymorphism may have a marginal effect on susceptibility toward pediatric malignant abdominal solid tumors in Hunan, and this finding warrants further confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenghui Xiao
- Emergency Center of Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaling Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiyang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Jing He, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Yong Li, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, 86 Ziyuan Road, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
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