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Akhtar-Danesh GG, Finley C, Seow HY, Shakeel S, Akhtar-Danesh N. Change in treatment modality and trends in survival among stage I non-small cell lung cancer patients: a population-based study. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:4670-4679. [PMID: 33145040 PMCID: PMC7578458 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background A number of treatment modalities are available to patients with early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but there is inconsistency regarding their effects on survival. The associated survival of each treatment modality is crucial for patients in making informed treatment decisions. We aimed to examine the change in treatment modality and trends in survival for patients with stage I NSCLC and assess the association between treatment modality and survival. Methods All patients diagnosed with stage I NSCLC in the Canadian province of Ontario between 2007 and 2015 were included in this population-based study. We used a flexible parametric model to estimate the trends in survival rate. Results Overall, 11,910 patients were identified of which 7,478 patients (62.8%) received surgical resection and 2,652 (22.3%) radiation only. The proportion of patients who received radiation only increased from 13.2% in 2007 to 28.0% in 2015 (P-for-trend <0.001). Survival increased for all treatment modalities from 2007 to 2015. The increase in 5-year survival was more than 20% for all surgical groups and more than 35% for radiation-only group. Conclusions The survival of patients with stage I NSCLC increased for all treatment modalities over the study period, most distinctly in elderly patients, which coincided with a rise in the use of radiation therapy. While surgical resection was associated with the best chance of 5-year survival, radiation therapy is a safe and effective treatment for medically inoperable patients with early disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Finley
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hsien Yeang Seow
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saad Shakeel
- School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Noori Akhtar-Danesh
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Tsiouda T, Sardeli C, Porpodis K, Pilikidou M, Apostolidis G, Kyrka K, Miziou A, Kyrka K, Tsingerlioti Z, Papadopoulou S, Heva A, Koulouris C, Giannakidis D, Boniou K, Kesisoglou I, Vagionas A, Kosmidis C, Sevva C, Papazisis G, Goganau AM, Sapalidis K, Tsakiridis K, Tryfon S, Platanas M, Baka S, Zaric B, Perin B, Petanidis S, Zarogoulidis P. Sex Differences and Adverse Effects between Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:3407-3415. [PMID: 32231747 PMCID: PMC7097940 DOI: 10.7150/jca.40196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality in men and women and around the world. Approximately 90% of cases of lung cancer are caused by smoking and the use of tobacco products. However, other factors such as asbestos, air pollution and chronic infections can contribute to pulmonary carcinogenesis. Lung cancer is divided into two broad histological categories, which develop and spread different small cell lung carcinomas and non-small cell lung carcinomas. The treatment options for lung cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted treatments. Tumor induced immune suppression is vital for malignant progression. Immunotherapies act by strengthening the patient's innate tendency for an immune response and give positive promise to patients with non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a new approach to cancer therapies. Just as immune therapies include a new approach to cancer biology, the toxicities associated with these factors have created new challenges in clinical practice. Materials & Methods: Patients (218) aged 40-80 years were treated with either chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Their response to treatment and any subsequent adverse drug reactions were studied. Results: 69% of patients were treated with chemotherapy and 31% were treated with immunotherapy. The type of treatment had a statistically significant effect on the undesirable effects of the treatment. Conclusions: The type of treatment was statistically significant in responding to the treatment and treatment side effects but not in the rate of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Tsiouda
- Pulmonary Department, "Theageneio" Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chrisanthi Sardeli
- Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Porpodis
- Pulmonary Department, G. "Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Pilikidou
- Pulmonary Department, "Theageneio" Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Krystallia Kyrka
- Pulmonary Department, "Theageneio" Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Miziou
- Pulmonary Department, "Theageneio" Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Kyrka
- Pulmonary Department, "Theageneio" Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zoi Tsingerlioti
- Pulmonary Department, "Theageneio" Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Anta Heva
- Pulmonary Department, "Theageneio" Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charilaos Koulouris
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Giannakidis
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Boniou
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Isaak Kesisoglou
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasios Vagionas
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christoforos Kosmidis
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina Sevva
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Papazisis
- Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandru Marian Goganau
- General Surgery Clinic 1, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova County Emergency Hospital, Craiova, Romania
| | - Konstantinos Sapalidis
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kosmas Tsakiridis
- Thoracic Surgery Department, "Interbalkan" European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavros Tryfon
- Pulmonary Department (NHS), G.H. "G. Papanikolaou" Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michalis Platanas
- Urology Department (NHS), General Hospital of Giannitsa, Giannitsa, Greece
| | - Sofia Baka
- Oncology Department, "Interbalkan" European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Bojan Zaric
- Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Branislav Perin
- Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Savvas Petanidis
- Department of Pulmonology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- 3rd Department of Surgery, "AHEPA" University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Essential Oils of Lemongrass ( Cymbopogon citratus Stapf) Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in A549 Lung Cancer Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5924856. [PMID: 32420353 PMCID: PMC7201560 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5924856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils were extracted from the culm and leaf of Cymbopogon citratus collected from different regions of Vietnam and analyzed using GC/MS. The results showed that citral is the major component accounting for 61.20%–76.46% of the essential oils. The citral content was higher in the essential oil obtained from the leaf than in that from the culm of lemongrass in all regions. In particular, camphene, valerianol, and epi-α-muurolol can be used to differentiate essential oils originating from leaves versus culms. The cytotoxic effects of the essential oils on various lung cancer cell lines were evaluated in the present study. All essential oils exhibited cytotoxicity in the tested cells. The Ha Loc leaf essential oil (HLL) exhibited the most potent effects on A549 and H1975 cells, with IC50 values of 1.73 ± 0.37 and 4.01 ± 0.30 μg/mL, respectively. The Hy Cuong leaf essential oil (HCL) showed the strongest effect on H1299 cells, with an IC50 value of 2.45 ± 0.21 μg/mL. The Kim Duc culm (KDC) essential oil exerted the strongest cytotoxic effects against H1650 cells, with an IC50 value of 4.86 ± 0.29 μg/mL. The HLL induced apoptosis and cycle arrest in A549 cells according to flow cytometric analysis and fluorescent nuclear staining assays. The western blot analysis indicated that HLL induced the apoptotic effect by altering the regulating proteins of the apoptosis process such as caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax. The data strongly suggested that the intrinsic pathway may play an important role in the apoptotic effects of HLL.
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Ge P, Cao L, Chen X, Jing R, Yue W. miR-762 activation confers acquired resistance to gefitinib in non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1203. [PMID: 31823748 PMCID: PMC6905032 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) (e.g. gefitinib) currently remain the first-line treatment for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating EGFR mutation. However, acquired resistance to gefitinib, which occurs frequently through unidentified mechanisms, significantly attenuate therapeutic effectiveness. Previous miRNA microarray analysis reveals that expression levels of a conserved oncomiR miR-762 are significantly upregulated in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells. We therefore aim to elucidate the role and underlying mechanisms of miR-762 during the pathogenesis of gefitinib resistance. Methods miR-762 expression in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC tissues and cells was evaluated using RT-qPCR. The potential regulation of miR-762 expression by IL-6 was studied using pharmacological and biochemical approaches. Effects of miR-762 manipulation on sensitivity to gefitinib was assessed using MTT, apoptotic ELISA and xenograft model. Finally, the posttranscriptional regulation of active BCR related protein (ABR) by miR-762 was determined using luciferase assay and site-directed mutagenesis. Results miR-762 expression was upregulated in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC tissues and cells, and this upregulation predicted a poor post-chemotherapy prognosis in NSCLC patients. miR-762 upregulation, induced by IL-6 signaling, significantly enhanced cell survival and rendered NSCLC cells unresponsiveness to gefitinib-elicited cell death. We finally provided the evidence that the oncogenic effect of miR-762 was mediated mainly through posttranscriptional repression of ABR in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells. Conclusions Our findings provide a rationale for future efforts testing miR-762 inhibition and ABR restoration co-treatment in patients with recurrent EGFR mutant NSCLC to therapeutically combat the heterogeneity of EGFR-TKIs resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ge
- Department of Cardiac & Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Cardiac & Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijun Jing
- Department of Cardiac & Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanxia Yue
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, No.167 Fangdong Avenue, Baqiao District, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang T, Su C, Ren S, Cappuzzo F, Rocco G, Palmer JD, van Zandwijk N, Blackhall F, Le X, Pennell NA, Zhou C. A consensus on the role of osimertinib in non-small cell lung cancer from the AME Lung Cancer Collaborative Group. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:3909-3921. [PMID: 30174832 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.07.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The first- and second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have brought substantial clinical benefit to patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and sensitizing EGFR mutation. However, acquired resistance is inevitable since the vast majority of patients experience disease relapse within ~1-2 years. Osimertinib is a novel irreversible, covalent third-generation EGFR-TKI and potent inhibitor of EGFR T790M mutation, the most common mechanism of acquired resistance to first-generation EGFR-TKIs. Several trials have consistently demonstrated the superior clinical activity and safety of osimertinib in patients with advanced NSCLC and acquired EGFR T790M mutation after treatment with a first-generation EGFR-TKI. Recently, the efficacy of osimertinib in a first-line setting was demonstrated to be clearly superior to standard-first line treatment in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC regardless of T790M mutation status. Nevertheless, this advance, several unresolved issues of osimertinib should be emphasized including the molecular mechanisms of acquired resistance to osimertinib, the feasibility of testing EGFR T790M mutation from plasma circulating tumor DNA, its efficacy to patients with central nervous system (CNS) metastases or exon 20 mutations, its combination with other therapeutic strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and its role in adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chunxia Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shengxiang Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Federico Cappuzzo
- Director Oncology and Hematology Department, AUSL Romagna, Viale Randi 5, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Gaetano Rocco
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Pascale Foundation, Naples, Italy
| | - Joshua D Palmer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute at the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nico van Zandwijk
- University of Sydney, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Fiona Blackhall
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, and Christie Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Xiuning Le
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nathan A Pennell
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
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Vu HNT, Nguyen DT, Nguyen HQ, Chu HH, Chu SK, Chau MV, Phi QT. Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties of Bioactive Metabolites Produced by Streptomyces cavourensis YBQ59 Isolated from Cinnamomum cassia Prels in Yen Bai Province of Vietnam. Curr Microbiol 2018; 75:1247-1255. [PMID: 29869093 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-018-1517-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The endophytic actinomycete strain YBQ59 was isolated from Cinnamomum cassia Prels in Yen Bai province (21°53'14″N; 104°35'9″E) of northern Vietnam. Based on analysis of morphological, physiological characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence (GenBank Acc. No. MF950891), the strain YBQ59 possessed high similarity to Streptomyces cavourensis subsp. cavourensis strain NRRL 2740, therefore assigned as S. cavourensis YBQ59. The ethyl acetate extract of the YBQ59 culture broth isolated eight pure secondary metabolites, identified as 1-monolinolein (1), bafilomycin D (2), nonactic acid (3), daidzein (4), 3'-hydroxydaidzein (5), 5,11-epoxy-10-cadinanol (6), prelactone B (7), and daucosterol (8). Compounds 1, 3-8 were reported for the first time from S. cavourensis. Compounds 1-5 exhibited antimicrobial activities against both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33591 (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 (MRSE) among which the compound 1 revealed the strongest effects with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 8.5 and 14.6 µg/mL, respectively. The compound 2 showed high potential effect against MRSA (MIC of 11.1 µg/mL) but less effect against MRSE (MIC of 30.3 µg/mL). The cytotoxicity of the compounds 1-7 was investigated against human lung adenocarcinoma EGFR-TKI-resistant cells, among which compounds 1, 2, and 5 exhibited the strong effect against A549 cells with IC50 values of 3.6, 6.7, and 7.8 µM, respectively. Taken together, the experimental findings in this study suggested that the compounds 1 and 2 could be reproducible metabolites applicable for inhibition of both drug-resistant bacteria and cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanh-Nguyen Thi Vu
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), No.18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Dat Tien Nguyen
- Center for Research and Technology Transfer (CRETECH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), No.18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Huy Quang Nguyen
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), No.18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Ha Hoang Chu
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), No.18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam.,Faculty of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Technology (GUS), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), No.18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Son Ky Chu
- School of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), No.1, Dai Co Viet, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Minh Van Chau
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry (IMBC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), No.18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Quyet-Tien Phi
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), No.18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam. .,Faculty of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Technology (GUS), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), No.18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam.
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Luo J, Shi K, Yin SY, Tang RX, Chen WJ, Huang LZ, Gan TQ, Cai ZW, Chen G. Clinical value of miR-182-5p in lung squamous cell carcinoma: a study combining data from TCGA, GEO, and RT-qPCR validation. World J Surg Oncol 2018; 16:76. [PMID: 29636077 PMCID: PMC5894244 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiR-182-5p, as a member of miRNA family, can be detected in lung cancer and plays an important role in lung cancer. To explore the clinical value of miR-182-5p in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and to unveil the molecular mechanism of LUSC. METHODS The clinical value of miR-182-5p in LUSC was investigated by collecting and calculating data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Twelve prediction platforms were used to predict the target genes of miR-182-5p. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and gene ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were used to explore the molecular mechanism of LUSC. RESULTS The expression of miR-182-5p was significantly over-expressed in LUSC than in non-cancerous tissues, as evidenced by various approaches, including the TCGA database, GEO microarrays, RT-qPCR, and a comprehensive meta-analysis of 501 LUSC cases and 148 non-cancerous cases. Furthermore, a total of 81 potential target genes were chosen from the union of predicted genes and the TCGA database. GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated that the target genes are involved in pathways related to biological processes. PPIs revealed the relationships between these genes, with EPAS1, PRKCE, NR3C1, and RHOB being located in the center of the PPI network. CONCLUSIONS MiR-182-5p upregulation greatly contributes to LUSC and may serve as a biomarker in LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ke Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shu-Ya Yin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Rui-Xue Tang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wen-Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Lin-Zhen Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ting-Qing Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Zheng-Wen Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Wang A, Cui M, Qu H, Di J, Wang Z, Xing J, Wu F, Wu W, Wang X, Shen L, Jiang B, Su X. Induction of anti-EGFR immune response with mimotopes identified from a phage display peptide library by panitumumab. Oncotarget 2018; 7:75293-75306. [PMID: 27659529 PMCID: PMC5342741 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in several epithelial tumors. Anti-EGFR humanized monoclonal antibodies, cetuximab and panitumumab, in combination with chemotherapy have improved the prognosis for patients with wild-type RAS tumors. To identify mimotopes of EGFR and develop mimotope-based EGFR vaccines, we screened a phage display peptide library with panitumumab. Two EGFR mimotopes P19 and P26, which could be recognized by panitumumab specifically, were isolated. To enhance the immune responses, we generated recombinant proteins of P19 or P26 fused to a heat-shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70), and evaluated the efficacy of Hsc70-P19 and Hsc70-P26 as vaccines in vivo. Immunization with Hsc70-P19 or Hsc70-P26 fusion protein stimulated the immune system to produce specific antibodies against peptides as well as EGFR. Moreover, antibodies elicited against mimotopes could induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and inhibit the proliferation of EGFR-overexpressing A431 cells. Treatment with Hsc70-P19 and Hsc70-P26 significantly reduced tumor growth in BALB/c transplantable lung cancer models. Although there was no sequence homology between the phage-derived peptides and EGFR by alignments, both peptides mimic the conformational structure of EGFR binding to panitumumab. In conclusion, the mimotopes we identified from phage display peptide library could be promising candidate vaccines for active anti-EGFR immunotherapy against cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidong Wang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Ming Cui
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Hong Qu
- Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiabo Di
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Zaozao Wang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jiadi Xing
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Beihai Jiang
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xiangqian Su
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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Amphiregulin contained in NSCLC-exosomes induces osteoclast differentiation through the activation of EGFR pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3170. [PMID: 28600504 PMCID: PMC5466625 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03460-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The majority of patients are diagnosed in advanced disease stage. Bone metastasis is the most frequent complication in NSCLC resulting in osteolytic lesions. The perfect balance between bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts activity is lost in bone metastasis, inducing osteoclastogenesis. In NSCLC, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway is constitutively activated. EGFR binds Amphiregulin (AREG) that is overexpressed in several cancers such as colon, breast and lung. Its levels in plasma of NSCLC patients correlate with poor prognosis and AREG was recently found as a signaling molecule in exosomes derived from cancer cell lines. Exosomes have a key role in the cell-cell communication and they were recently indicated as important actors in metastatic niche preparation. In the present work, we hypothesize a role of AREG carried by exosomes derived from NSCLC in bone metastasis induction. We observed that NSCLC-exosomes, containing AREG, induce EGFR pathway activation in pre-osteoclasts that in turn causes an increased expression of RANKL. RANKL is able to induce the expression of proteolytic enzymes, well-known markers of osteoclastogenesis, triggering a vicious cycle in osteolytic bone metastasis.
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Chen Y, Tang Q, Xiao Q, Yang L, Hann SS. Targeting EP4 downstream c-Jun through ERK1/2-mediated reduction of DNMT1 reveals novel mechanism of solamargine-inhibited growth of lung cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:222-233. [PMID: 27620163 PMCID: PMC5264151 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. We previously showed that solamargine, one natural phytochemicals from traditional plants, inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells through inhibition of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) receptor EP4. However, the potential downstream effectors of EP4 involving in the anti-lung cancer effects of solamargine still remained to be determined. In this study, we further verified that solamargine inhibited growth of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in multiple cell lines. Mechanistically, solamargine increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Moreover, solamargine inhibited the protein expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and c-Jun, which were abrogated in cells treated with MEK/ERK1/2 inhibitor (PD98059) and transfected with exogenously expressed DNMT1 gene, respectively. Interestingly, overexpressed DNMT1 gene antagonized the effect of solamargine on c-Jun protein expression. Intriguingly, overexpressed c-Jun blocked solamargine-inhibited lung cancer cell growth, and feedback resisted the solamargine-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2. A nude mouse xenograft model implanted with lung cancer cells in vivo confirmed the results in vitro. Collectively, our results show that solamargine inhibits the growth of human lung cancer cells through reduction of EP4 protein expression, followed by increasing ERK1/2 phosphorylation. This results in decrease in DNMT1 and c-Jun protein expressions. The inter-correlations between EP4, DNMT1 and c-Jun and feedback regulation of ERK1/2 by c-Jun contribute to the overall responses of solamargine in this process. This study uncovers an additional novel mechanism by which solamargine inhibits growth of human lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Chen
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - LiJun Yang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Swei S Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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ZAROGOULIDIS P, LAMPAKI S, CHINELIS P, LAZARIDIS G, BAKA S, RAPTI A. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Eye Metastasis: Disease Relapse or a New Entity? MEDICAL HYPOTHESIS, DISCOVERY & INNOVATION OPHTHALMOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 5:132-135. [PMID: 28293661 PMCID: PMC5346303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is still diagnosed during the advanced stage of the disease and most patients do not have the opportunity for surgical treatment, despite the new diagnostic equipment that has been made available in recent years, such as the radial and linear endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and electromagnetic fiberoptic bronchoscopy. However, novel targeted therapies with second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy are available. In this commentary, we will focus on eye metastasis after initiation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors due to epidermal growth factor mutation of lung cancer adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul ZAROGOULIDIS
- Pulmonary Department, Oncology Unit, G. Papanikolaou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sofia LAMPAKI
- Pulmonary Department, Oncology Unit, G. Papanikolaou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panos CHINELIS
- Pulmonary Department, Oncology Unit, G. Papanikolaou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George LAZARIDIS
- Oncology Department, G. Papageorgiou University General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sofia BAKA
- Oncology Department, Interbalkan European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aggeliki RAPTI
- Pulmonary Department, Sotiria Hospital of Chest Diseases, Athens, Greece
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Chen Y, Tang Q, Wu J, Zheng F, Yang L, Hann SS. Inactivation of PI3-K/Akt and reduction of SP1 and p65 expression increase the effect of solamargine on suppressing EP4 expression in human lung cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2015; 34:154. [PMID: 26689593 PMCID: PMC4687355 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Natural phytochemicals from traditional medicinal plants such as solamargine have been shown to have anticancer properties. The prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 is highly expressed in human cancer, however, the functional role of EP4 in the occurrence and progression of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remained to be elucidated. METHODS Cell viability was measured by MTT assays. Western blot was performed to measure the phosphorylation and protein expression of PI3-K downstream effector Akt, transcription factors SP1, p65, and EP4. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to examine the mRNA levels of EP4 gene. Exogenous expression of SP1, p65, and EP4 genes was carried out by transient transfection assays. EP4 promoter activity was measured by Dual Luciferase Reporter Kit. RESULTS We showed that solamargine inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells. Mechanistically, we found that solamargine decreased the phosphorylation of Akt, the protein, mRNA expression, and promoter activity of EP4. Moreover, solamargine inhibited protein expression of SP1 and NF-κB subunit p65, all of which were abrogated in cells transfected with exogenous expressed Akt. Intriguingly, exogenous expressed SP1 overcame the effect of solamargine on inhibition of p65 protein expression, and EP4 protein expression and promoter activity. Finally, exogenous expressed EP4 feedback reversed the effect of solamargine on phosphorylation of Akt and cell growth inhibition. CONCLUSION Our results show that solamargine inhibits the growth of human lung cancer cells through inactivation of Akt signaling, followed by reduction of SP1 and p65 protein expression. This results in the inhibition of EP4 gene expression. The cross-talk between SP1 and p65, and the positive feedback regulatory loop of PI3-K/Akt signaling by EP4 contribute to the overall responses of solamargine in this process. This study unveils a novel mechanism by which solamargine inhibits growth of human lung cancer cells.
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MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Oncogene Protein v-akt/biosynthesis
- Oncogene Protein v-akt/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/biosynthesis
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/genetics
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Solanaceous Alkaloids/administration & dosage
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/biosynthesis
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Transcription Factor RelA/biosynthesis
- Transcription Factor RelA/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- YuQing Chen
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Qing Tang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - JingJing Wu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Fang Zheng
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - LiJun Yang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
- Higher Education Mega Center, No. 55, Neihuan West Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, PR China.
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