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Gafarov V, Gromova E, Shakhtshneider E, Gagulin I, Gafarova A. Association of the APOE Gene Polymorphism with Depression in White Adults in the WHO "MONICA-Psychosocial" Program. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1306. [PMID: 37763074 PMCID: PMC10532747 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The APOE gene polymorphism is associated with the risk of the development of several neurological disorders. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of the APOE gene polymorphism with depression in the white adult population aged 25-64 years in Novosibirsk (Western Siberia). The third screening of the WHO program "MONICA-psychosocial" was conducted in 1994-1995. In total, 403 men (the average age was 34 ± 0.4 years, the response was 71%) and 531 women (the average age was 35 ± 0.4 years, the response was 72%) of the open population of residents aged 25-64 years of the Oktyabrsky district of Novosibirsk were examined. The "MONICA-MOPSY" psychosocial questionnaire was used to assess depression. A high level of depression was found in 12.8% of the population: in 8.9% of men and in 15.8% of women. The frequencies of APOE gene polymorphism genotypes ε2/3, ε2/4, ε3/3, ε3/4, and ε4/4 were 14.9%, 3.1%, 61.6%, 17.5%, and 2.9%, respectively. Carrying the ε3/4 genotype of the APOE gene increased the odds of developing major depression by 2.167 times (95% CI 1.100-4.266) compared to carrying the ε3/3 genotype of the APOE gene in people without depression (χ2 = 5.120 df = 1 p = 0.024). Carriers of the ε4 allele were 2.089 times (95% CI 1.160-3.761) more likely to have a high level of depression than those without this allele and no depression (χ2 = 6.148 df = 1 p = 0.013), and 2.049 times (95% CI 1.117-3.758) more likely to have a moderate level of depression than those without this allele (χ2 = 5.470 df = 1 p < 0.019). The ε4 allele of the APOE gene is associated with a high level of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery Gafarov
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
- Collaborative Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD), 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Elena Gromova
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
- Collaborative Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD), 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Elena Shakhtshneider
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Igor Gagulin
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
- Collaborative Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD), 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
| | - Almira Gafarova
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (IIPM)-Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
- Collaborative Laboratory of Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD), 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., Novosibirsk 630089, Russia
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Di Stolfo G, Pacilli MA, Seripa D, De Luca G, Urbano M, Coli C, Gravina C, Greco A, Potenza DR, Salvatori MP, Schernthaner GH, Poredos P, Catalano M, Mastroianno S. Involvement of APOE in Incidence of Revascularization in Patients Affected by Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Prospective Study from Southern Italy. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5178. [PMID: 37629219 PMCID: PMC10455789 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial disease and apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism has been associated with cardiovascular events. The APOE gene, located on chromosome 19q13.2, has an important role in lipid metabolism, in particular on circulating cholesterol levels, implying further pleiotropic effects; from its polymorphism are derived three alleles (ε2, ε3 and ε4), which induce different phenotypes, while its impact on carotid and femoral atherosclerosis is still controversial. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between APOE genotypes and peripheral revascularization in a cohort of patients affected by advanced peripheral arterial disease (PAD) at a prolonged follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS Some 332 patients (259 males and 73 females; mean age 70.86 ± 7.95 years) with severe PAD were enrolled in a longitudinal study, with a 90.75 ± 32.25 month follow-up, assessing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). RESULTS As compared with ε3/ε3, in ε4 patients we observed a significant higher incidence of carotid (13.2% vs. 5.6%; HR = 2.485, 95% CI 1.062-5.814; p = 0.036) and lower limb (11.8% vs. 4.3%; HR = 2.765, 95% CI 1.091-7.008; p = 0.032) revascularizations and, accordingly, a higher incidence of total peripheral revascularizations (13.5% vs. 9.5%; HR = 2.705, 95% CI 1.420-5.151; p = 0.002). HR remained statistically significant even when adjusted for classic cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS In our observational study, we confirm that the ε4 allele is associated with higher total peripheral revascularization in patients with advanced atherosclerotic vascular disease at prolonged follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Stolfo
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Michele Antonio Pacilli
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Davide Seripa
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievodella Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Luca
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Maria Urbano
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievodella Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Carlo Coli
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Carolina Gravina
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievodella Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievodella Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Domenico Rosario Potenza
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Mauro Pellegrino Salvatori
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Gerit-Holger Schernthaner
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine 2, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pavel Poredos
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mariella Catalano
- Research Center on Vascular Diseases and Angiology Unit, University of Milan, L. Sacco Hospital, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Sandra Mastroianno
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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Zhou Y, Yao S, Yu M, Wei J, Fang Q, Xu N, Luo G. The effects and possible mechanism of action of apolipoprotein M on the growth of breast cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:1171-1179. [PMID: 34775573 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06945-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the effects and mechanism of action of apolipoprotein M (ApoM) on the growth of breast cancer (BC) cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Bioinformatics, cell experiments and animal experiments were used to verify the effect of ApoM on breast cancer cell lines and breast tumor growth in vivo. ApoM expression was significantly reduced in BC tissues, and patients with lower ApoM mRNA expression had a poorer prognosis (P < 0.0001). Besides, ApoM can partially inhibit the proliferative, migratory and invasive processes of BC cells. In vivo, the difference between ApoM-OE and NC groups was no significant. The level of vitamin D receptor (VDR) protein in MDA-MB-231 cells was increased by overexpression of ApoM (P < 0.05), while in MCF-7 cells, VDR levels decreased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS ApoM can partially inhibit the growth of BC cells. VDR may play a role, but is not the main pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqiang St, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuang Yao
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqiang St, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Miaomei Yu
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqiang St, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiang Wei
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqiang St, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi Fang
- Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lunds University, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - Guanghua Luo
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqiang St, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Wu K, Zhang H, Fu Y, Zhu Y, Kong L, Chen L, Zhao F, Yu L, Chen X. TLR4/MyD88 signaling determines the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3411-3420. [PMID: 30066873 PMCID: PMC6102647 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of Toll-like receptor (TLR)4/myeloid differentiation factor (MyD)88 signaling on the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells has been previously reported. The purpose of the present study was to determine the role of TLR4/MyD88 in breast cancer cell migration and invasion, and to discover novel therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment. TLR4, MyD88 and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) mRNA expression levels were assessed in highly invasive human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, breast cancer cells with a low rate of invasion (MCF-7) and normal human MDA-Kb2 mammary gland cells by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein expression levels of these markers were detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence. Randomly selected breast cancer and paracarcinoma tissues were used to measure TLR4 and MyD88 protein expression levels by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA and protein expression levels of TLR4 and MyD88 were significantly higher in MDA-MB-231 cells compared with either MCF-7 cells or MDA-Kb2 cells. The mRNA and protein expression levels of HMGB1 were comparable in the two breast cancer cell lines, with no statistical difference (P>0.05). TLR4 and MyD88 protein expression levels were also significantly higher in breast cancer tissues compared with paracarcinoma tissues (P<0.05). TLR4 and MyD88 protein expression levels were positively correlated with axillary lymph node metastasis and histological grade (P<0.05). TLR4/MyD88 expression levels were positively correlated with the metastasis of breast cancer cells. TLR4/MyD88 may be useful as a novel biomarker to evaluate the prognosis and treatment of patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlin Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Huihao Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Yajuan Fu
- Southern Biomedical Research Center, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P.R. China
| | - Youzhi Zhu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Lingjun Kong
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
| | - Liangfei Yu
- First Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
| | - Xiangjin Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
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Zhong Z, Rosenow M, Xiao N, Spetzler D. Profiling plasma extracellular vesicle by pluronic block-copolymer based enrichment method unveils features associated with breast cancer aggression, metastasis and invasion. J Extracell Vesicles 2018; 7:1458574. [PMID: 29696079 PMCID: PMC5912199 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2018.1458574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV)-based liquid biopsies have been proposed to be a readily obtainable biological substrate recently for both profiling and diagnostics purposes. Development of a fast and reliable preparation protocol to enrich such small particles could accelerate the discovery of informative, disease-related biomarkers. Though multiple EV enrichment protocols are available, in terms of efficiency, reproducibility and simplicity, precipitation-based methods are most amenable to studies with large numbers of subjects. However, the selectivity of the precipitation becomes critical. Here, we present a simple plasma EV enrichment protocol based on pluronic block copolymer. The enriched plasma EV was able to be verified by multiple platforms. Our results showed that the particles enriched from plasma by the copolymer were EV size vesicles with membrane structure; proteomic profiling showed that EV-related proteins were significantly enriched, while high-abundant plasma proteins were significantly reduced in comparison to other precipitation-based enrichment methods. Next-generation sequencing confirmed the existence of various RNA species that have been observed in EVs from previous studies. Small RNA sequencing showed enriched species compared to the corresponding plasma. Moreover, plasma EVs enriched from 20 advanced breast cancer patients and 20 age-matched non-cancer controls were profiled by semi-quantitative mass spectrometry. Protein features were further screened by EV proteomic profiles generated from four breast cancer cell lines, and then selected in cross-validation models. A total of 60 protein features that highly contributed in model prediction were identified. Interestingly, a large portion of these features were associated with breast cancer aggression, metastasis as well as invasion, consistent with the advanced clinical stage of the patients. In summary, we have developed a plasma EV enrichment method with improved precipitation selectivity and it might be suitable for larger-scale discovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhong
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Nick Xiao
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - David Spetzler
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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Mastroianno S, Di Stolfo G, Seripa D, Pacilli MA, Paroni G, Coli C, Urbano M, d’Arienzo C, Gravina C, Potenza DR, De Luca G, Greco A, Russo A. Role of the APOE polymorphism in carotid and lower limb revascularization: A prospective study from Southern Italy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171055. [PMID: 28249002 PMCID: PMC5332070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial disease and the apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism has been associated to vascular complications of atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationship between the APOE genotypes and advanced peripheral vascular disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS 258 consecutive patients (201 males and 57 females, mean age 70.83 ± 7.89 years) with severe PVD were enrolled in a 42-months longitudinal study (mean 31.65 ± 21.11 months) for major adverse cardiovascular events. At follow-up genotypes of the APOE polymorphism were investigated in blinded fashion. RESULTS As compared with ε3/ε3, in ε4-carriers a significant higher incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (35.58% vs. 20.79%; p = 0.025) and total peripheral revascularization (22.64% vs. 5.06%; p < 0.001) was observed. Prospective analysis, showed that ε4-carriers have an increased hazard ratio for major adverse cardiovascular events (adjusted HR 1.829, 95% CI 1.017-3.287; p = 0.044) and total peripheral revascularization (adjusted HR = 5.916, 95% CI 2.405-14.554, p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS The ε4 allele seems to be risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events, and in particular for total peripheral revascularization in patients with advanced atherosclerotic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Mastroianno
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Stolfo
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Davide Seripa
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Michele Antonio Pacilli
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giulia Paroni
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carlo Coli
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Urbano
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carmela d’Arienzo
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carolina Gravina
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Domenico Rosario Potenza
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Luca
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Aldo Russo
- Cardiology Unit, Cardiological and Vascular Department, I.R.C.C.S. “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
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