Oncologists' perspectives on adherence/non-adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy and management strategies in women with breast cancer

Patients' Experience of Medication Brand Changes during Hormone Therapy for Breast Cancer-An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Medication adherence to hormone therapy (HT) in breast cancer survivors is often suboptimal and is affected by a range of factors. Patients are usually prescribed different generic formulations of HT drugs and their impact on side effects and on adherence and persistence is poorly understood. This study aimed to explore women's lived experience of HT medication brand changes (generic substitution) and its impact on side effects, quality of life and medication-taking behaviors, as well as on adherence and persistence. Nine female breast cancer survivors who had previous experience of HT medication brand changes participated in the study. Individual, online, semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. The findings identified three superordinate themes and nine subordinate themes that influenced the lived experience of medication brand changes for these patients: (i) experiencing brand changes, (ii) responsiveness of health care providers and (iii) future expectations. Women reported negative physical and emotional experiences of brand changes, which is often compounded by healthcare professionals' lack of information and reassurances, disbelief in the worsening of side effects and inconsistent advice regarding generics. These have implications for women's self-efficacy for medication-taking behaviors, ability to manage side effects and HT adherence and persistence.

Extending Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for 10 Years: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Women's Decision Making in an Online Breast Cancer Forum

An additional 5 years of treatment with adjuvant hormonal therapy, to complete 10 years of medication, is recommended to reduce the risk of breast cancer recurrence. Yet professionals and patients should balance this benefit against side effects and toxicities. Little is known about women’s decision making regarding persistence with extended endocrine therapy. In this study, we collected data from a UK online breast cancer forum to analyse patterns of persistence and its associated factors. A mixed-methods exploratory sequential design was used, with a qualitative analysis of text (n = 61 individuals) informing the development of a quantitative instrument to statistically analyse the prevalence of the findings (n = 130). Our findings identified three different groups of women who had to make decisions regarding persistence with treatment: those about to complete 5 years of therapy, those who decided to extend treatment, and those who were initially prescribed 10 years. Factors affecting persistence were, lack of self-efficacy in managing side effects, lack of reassurance about individual risk of recurrence, and impact on quality of life. Interventions such as training of healthcare professionals including risk communication, medication reviews by clinical pharmacists, and re-planning of services in follow-up care, should better support women’s needs in extended hormonal therapy.

Race and Patient-reported Symptoms in Adherence to Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy: A Report from the Women's Hormonal Initiation and Persistence Study

BACKGROUND

Adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) improves outcomes in women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer. Suboptimal AET adherence is common, but data are lacking about symptoms and adherence in racial/ethnic minorities. We evaluated adherence by race and the relationship between symptoms and adherence.

METHODS

The Women's Hormonal Initiation and Persistence study included women diagnosed with nonrecurrent HR+ breast cancer who initiated AET. AET adherence was captured using validated items. Data regarding patient (e.g., race), medication-related (e.g., symptoms), cancer care delivery (e.g., communication), and clinicopathologic factors (e.g., chemotherapy) were collected via surveys and medical charts. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with adherence.

RESULTS

Of the 570 participants, 92% were privately insured and nearly one of three were Black. Thirty-six percent reported nonadherent behaviors. In multivariable analysis, women less likely to report adherent behaviors were Black (vs. White; OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.27-0.67; P < 0.001) and with greater symptom burden (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96-1.00; P < 0.05). Participants more likely to be adherent were overweight (vs. normal weight) (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.04-2.43; P < 0.05), sat ≤ 6 hours a day (vs. ≥6 hours; OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.25-2.70; P < 0.01), and were taking aromatase inhibitors (vs. tamoxifen; OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.28-2.87; P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Racial differences in AET adherence were observed. Longitudinal assessments of symptom burden are needed to better understand this dynamic process and factors that may explain differences in survivor subgroups.

IMPACT

Future interventions should prioritize Black survivors and women with greater symptom burden.