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Hassan WA, ElBanna AK, Noufal N, El-Assmy M, Lotfy H, Ali RI. Significance of tumor-associated neutrophils, lymphocytes, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in non-invasive and invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma. J Pathol Transl Med 2023; 57:88-94. [PMID: 36623816 PMCID: PMC10028012 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2022.11.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-infiltrating neutrophils and lymphocytes play essential roles in promoting or combating various neoplasms. This study aimed to investigate the association between tumor-infiltrating neutrophils and lymphocytes and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the progression of urothelial carcinoma. Methods A total of 106 patients diagnosed with urothelial carcinoma were was. Pathological examination for tumor grade and stage and for tumor-infiltrating neutrophils, both CD4 and CD8+ T lymphocytes, as well as the neutrophil- to-lymphocyte ratio were evaluated. Results The presence of neutrophils and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio correlated with high-grade urothelial neoplasms. In both low- and high-grade tumors, the lymphocytes increased during progression from a non-invasive neoplasm to an early-invasive neoplasm. CD8+ T lymphocytes increased in low-grade non-muscle-invasive tumors compared to non-invasive tumors. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in CD8+ T lymphocytes during progression to muscle-invasive tumors. Conclusions Our results suggest that tumor-infiltrating neutrophils and CD8+ T lymphocytes have a significant effect on tumor grade and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Abdo Hassan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, El Sheikh Zayed, Egypt
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Suliman Al Rajhi University, Al Bukairiyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Kamal ElBanna
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Suliman Al Rajhi University, Al Bukairiyah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha Noufal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, El Sheikh Zayed, Egypt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Assmy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Suliman Al Rajhi University, Bukayriah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany Lotfy
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Suliman Al Rajhi University, Al Bukairiyah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rehab Ibrahim Ali
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Al-Jawf, Saudi Arabia
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Mantica G, Chierigo F, Malinaric R, Smelzo S, Ambrosini F, Beverini M, Guano G, Caviglia A, Rigatti L, De Rose AF, Tafuri A, De Marchi D, Gaboardi F, Suardi N, Terrone C. Intravesical Therapy for Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: What Is the Real Impact of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Variant on Oncological Outcomes? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:90. [PMID: 35056397 PMCID: PMC8778404 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: To evaluate the oncological impact of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) variant in patients submitted to intravesical therapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Materials and Methods: Between January 2015 and January 2020, patients with conventional urothelial NMIBC (TCC) or urothelial NMIBC with SCC variant (TCC + SCC) and submitted to adjuvant intravesical therapies were collected. Kaplan-Meier analyses targeted disease recurrence and progression. Uni- and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to test the role of SCC on disease recurrence and/or progression. Results: A total of 32 patients out of 353 had SCC at diagnosis. Recurrence was observed in 42% of TCC and 44% of TCC + SCC patients (p = 0.88), while progression was observed in 12% of both TCC and TCC + SCC patients (p = 0.78). At multivariable Cox regression analyses, the presence of SCC variant was not associated with higher rates of neither recurrence (p = 0.663) nor progression (p = 0.582). Conclusions: We presented data from the largest series on patients with TCC and concomitant SCC histological variant managed with intravesical therapy (BCG or MMC). No significant differences were found in term of recurrence and progression between TCC and TCC + SCC. Despite the limited sample size, this study paves the way for a possible implementation of the use of intravesical BCG and MMC in NMIBC with histological variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Mantica
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.C.); (R.M.); (F.A.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (A.C.); (A.F.D.R.); (N.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Francesco Chierigo
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.C.); (R.M.); (F.A.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (A.C.); (A.F.D.R.); (N.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Rafaela Malinaric
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.C.); (R.M.); (F.A.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (A.C.); (A.F.D.R.); (N.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Salvatore Smelzo
- Department of Urology, San Raffaele Turro Hospital, 20127 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (L.R.); (D.D.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Francesca Ambrosini
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.C.); (R.M.); (F.A.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (A.C.); (A.F.D.R.); (N.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Martina Beverini
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.C.); (R.M.); (F.A.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (A.C.); (A.F.D.R.); (N.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Giovanni Guano
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.C.); (R.M.); (F.A.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (A.C.); (A.F.D.R.); (N.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Alberto Caviglia
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.C.); (R.M.); (F.A.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (A.C.); (A.F.D.R.); (N.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Lorenzo Rigatti
- Department of Urology, San Raffaele Turro Hospital, 20127 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (L.R.); (D.D.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Aldo Franco De Rose
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.C.); (R.M.); (F.A.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (A.C.); (A.F.D.R.); (N.S.); (C.T.)
| | | | - Davide De Marchi
- Department of Urology, San Raffaele Turro Hospital, 20127 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (L.R.); (D.D.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Franco Gaboardi
- Department of Urology, San Raffaele Turro Hospital, 20127 Milan, Italy; (S.S.); (L.R.); (D.D.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Nazareno Suardi
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.C.); (R.M.); (F.A.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (A.C.); (A.F.D.R.); (N.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Carlo Terrone
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.C.); (R.M.); (F.A.); (M.B.); (G.G.); (A.C.); (A.F.D.R.); (N.S.); (C.T.)
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