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Jesuthasan A, Baheerathan A, Auger S, Dorsey R, Coker R, Selvapatt N, Viegas S. Methotrexate for the neurologist. Pract Neurol 2024:pn-2024-004156. [PMID: 38821881 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2024-004156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The use of methotrexate in clinical practice has expanded significantly in recent years, as an effective chemotherapeutic agent as well as disease-modifying treatment for conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and Crohn's disease. It is also used as a steroid-sparing agent for a range of inflammatory diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Clinical neurologists must, therefore, know how to start and uptitrate methotrexate, its monitoring requirements and its potential toxicities. This review aims first to explore the evidence base for using methotrexate in various neurological diseases and second to discuss important practicalities around its use, ensuring its safe application and appropriate monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephen Auger
- Department of Neurology, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rachel Dorsey
- Department of Neurology, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK
| | - Robina Coker
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Stuart Viegas
- Department of Neurology, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK
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2
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Eichinger JM, Shan DM, Greenzaid JD, Anakwenze L, Feldman SR. Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral systemic nonbiologic therapies for psoriasis patients. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2024; 20:249-262. [PMID: 38529623 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2024.2335310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory immune condition. Treatments for psoriasis vary with disease severity, ranging from topicals to systemic biologic agents. The pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of these therapies establish drug efficacy, toxicity, and optimal dosing to ensure therapeutic drug levels are sustained and adverse effects are minimized. AREAS COVERED A literature search was performed on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Ovid MEDLINE for PK and PD, efficacy, and safety data regarding oral systemic nonbiologic therapies utilized for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. The findings were organized into sections for each drug: oral acitretin, methotrexate, cyclosporine, apremilast, tofacitinib, and deucravacitinib. EXPERT OPINION Some psoriasis patients may not respond to initial therapy. Ongoing research is evaluating genetic polymorphisms that may predict an improved response to specific medications. However, financial and insurance barriers, as well as limited genetic polymorphisms correlated with treatment response, may restrict the implementation of genetic testing necessary to personalize treatments. How well psoriasis patients adhere to treatment may contribute greatly to variation in response. Therapeutic drug monitoring may help patients adhere to treatment, improve clinical response, and sustain disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Divya M Shan
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jonathan D Greenzaid
- Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lisa Anakwenze
- University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Steven R Feldman
- Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Social Sciences & Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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3
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Momen Majumder MS, Hasan ATMT, Choudhury MR, Ahmed S, Miah MT, Amin MR, Shahin MA, Islam A, Shazzad MN, Hassan MM, Ahmedullah AK, Rahman MM, Yesmeen S, Uddin T, Haq SA. 2023 Management Recommendations of Bangladesh Rheumatology Society on Pharmacological Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis With Synthetic and Biologic Disease-Modifying Drugs. Cureus 2024; 16:e59395. [PMID: 38707172 PMCID: PMC11070067 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory polyarthritis in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Rheumatology Society (BRS) proposes these management recommendations to treat the considerable burden of RA in the resource-constrained situation based on the best current evidence combined with societal challenges and opportunities. BRS formed a task force (TF) comprising four rheumatologists. The TF searched for all available literature, including updated American College of Rheumatology (ACR), European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR), and Asia-Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology (APLAR) and several other guidelines, and systematic literature reviews until October 2023, and then a steering committee was formed, which included rheumatologists and internists. We followed the EULAR standard operating procedures to categorize levels of evidence and grading of recommendations. This recommendation has two parts -- general (diagnosis of RA, nomenclature of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs [DMARDs], disease activity indices) and management portion. The TF agreed on four overarching principles and 12 recommendations. Overarching principles deal with early diagnosis and disease activity monitoring. Recommendations 1-5 discuss using glucocorticoids, NSAIDs, and conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARD). Recommendations 6-9 stretch the use of targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) and biological DMARDs (bDMARDs). The suggested DMARD therapy includes initiation with methotrexate (MTX) or another csDMARD (in case of contraindication to MTX) in the first phase and the addition of a tsDMARD in the second phase, switching to an alternative tsDMARDs or bDMARDs in the subsequent phases. The TF included the Padua prediction score for the thromboembolism risk estimation. Recommendations 10-12 cover infection screening, vaccination, and DMARD tapering. Bangladesh has a higher prevalence of RA. This recommendation will serve as a tool to treat this high burden of patients with RA scientifically and more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shamim Ahmed
- Rheumatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Md Titu Miah
- Internal Medicine, Directorate General of Medical Education, Mohakhali, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Md Robed Amin
- Internal Medicine, Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), Dhaka, BGD
| | - Md A Shahin
- Rheumatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Ariful Islam
- Rheumatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | | | - M Masudul Hassan
- Rheumatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | | | | | - Sabrina Yesmeen
- Rheumatology, BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders) General Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Taslim Uddin
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Syed A Haq
- Rheumatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
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Kiełbowski K, Bakinowska E, Pawlik A. How can we optimize the use of methotrexate to treat pediatric patients with inflammatory skin diseases? Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2024; 20:111-118. [PMID: 38429876 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2024.2326245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid antagonist used in clinical practice in oncology and rheumatology, as well as in the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions in children. The low-doses of MTX are commonly used in children for the treatment of many inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, including inflammatory skin diseases, due to its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the possibilities for optimizing the use of methotrexate in the treatment of pediatric patients with inflammatory skin diseases. A thorough search through PubMed and Embase databases was performed to identify relevant literature. EXPERT OPINION Clinical observations confirm the high efficacy and safety of low-dose MTX in children with inflammatory skin diseases. Unfortunately, to date there are few studies providing guidelines on the optimal dosage of MTX in children with inflammatory skin diseases; routes of administration; principles of monitoring; and the safety of long-term use of this medication in children. There is still a need for specific recommendations on the safest and most effective dosing and monitoring regimen for children treated with methotrexate for inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajetan Kiełbowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Estera Bakinowska
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Vermeer E, Hebing RCF, van de Meeberg MM, Lin M, de Meij TGJ, Struys EA, Jansen G, Nurmohamed MT, Ćalasan MB, de Jonge R. Oral Versus Subcutaneous Methotrexate in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disorders: an Update of the Current Literature. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2023; 25:276-284. [PMID: 37768405 PMCID: PMC10754736 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-023-01116-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review aims to critically evaluate the potential benefit of either oral or subcutaneous administration of methotrexate (MTX) in various immune-mediated inflammatory disorders (IMIDs) through analysis of efficacy, toxicity, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of both administration routes. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies comparing the efficacy of oral versus subcutaneous MTX administration in IMIDs have revealed contradicting results. Some reported higher efficacy with subcutaneous administration, while others found no significant difference. Regarding toxicity, some studies have challenged the notion that subcutaneous administration is better tolerated than oral administration, while others have supported this. Pharmacokinetic studies suggest higher plasma bioavailability and increased accumulation of MTX-polyglutamates (MTX-PGs) in red blood cells (RBCs) with subcutaneous administration during the initial treatment phase. However, after several months, similar intracellular drug levels are observed with both administration routes. There is no conclusive evidence supporting the superiority of either oral or subcutaneous MTX administration in terms of efficacy and adverse events in IMIDs. Subcutaneous administration leads to higher plasma bioavailability and initial accumulation of MTX-PGs in RBCs, but the difference seems to disappear over time. Given the variable findings, the choice of administration route may be based on shared decision-making, offering patients the option of either oral or subcutaneous administration of MTX based on individual preferences and tolerability. Further research is needed to better understand the impact of MTX-PGs in various blood cells and TDM on treatment response and adherence to MTX therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Vermeer
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Renske C F Hebing
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Reade, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Marry Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tim G J de Meij
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eduard A Struys
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Jansen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael T Nurmohamed
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Reade, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maja Bulatović Ćalasan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Robert de Jonge
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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González-Burciaga LA, García-Prieto JC, Núñez-Núñez CM, Proal-Nájera JB. Statistical Analysis of Methotrexate Degradation by UV-C Photolysis and UV-C/TiO 2 Photocatalysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119595. [PMID: 37298542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid analog and has been used to treat a wide variety of malignant and non-malignant diseases. The wide use of these substances has led to the continuous discharge of the parent compound and its metabolites in wastewater. In conventional wastewater treatment plants, the removal or degradation of drugs is not complete. In order to study the MTX degradation by photolysis and photocatalysis processes, two reactors were used with TiO2 as a catalyst and UV-C lamps as a radiation source. H2O2 addition was also studied (absence and 3 mM/L), and different initial pHs (3.5, 7, and 9.5) were tested to define the best degradation parameters. Results were analyzed by means of ANOVA and the Tukey test. Results show that photolysis in acidic conditions with 3 mM of H2O2 added is the best condition for MTX degradation in these reactors, with a kinetic constant of 0.028 min-1. According to the ANOVA test, all considered factors (process, pH, H2O2 addition, and experimentation time) caused statistically significant differences in the MTX degradation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A González-Burciaga
- CIIDIR-Unidad Durango, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calle Sigma 119, Fracc. 20 de Noviembre II, Durango 34220, Mexico
| | - Juan C García-Prieto
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico del Agua, Universidad de Salamanca, Campo Charro s/n, 37080 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cynthia M Núñez-Núñez
- Ingeniería en Tecnología Ambiental, Universidad Politécnica de Durango, Carretera Durango-México km 9.5, Col. Dolores Hidalgo, Durango 34300, Mexico
| | - José B Proal-Nájera
- CIIDIR-Unidad Durango, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calle Sigma 119, Fracc. 20 de Noviembre II, Durango 34220, Mexico
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Katturajan R, Evan Prince S. L-carnitine and Zinc supplementation impedes intestinal damage in methotrexate-treated adjuvant-induced arthritis rats: Reinstating enterocyte proliferation and trace elements. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 78:127188. [PMID: 37163819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methotrexate (MTX), a folic acid analogue, is used as a first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) since it has more therapeutic mechanisms than any other drug. Being an undeniable drug for the treatment of arthritis, even low-dose MTX provokes intestinal toxicity as a primary adverse effect and does not revive an anti-inflammatory element. Thus, our study aims to elucidate the anti-arthritic and prophylactic activity of supplements L-carnitine (L) and zinc (Z) against MTX-mediated intestinal damage in arthritis rats. METHODS The rats were assessed for arthritic parameters such as body weight, paw volume, x-ray scan, and serum trace elements level. To analyze the toxic effects of MTX in the rats, intestine pH, mucosal weight, digestive enzymes, myeloperoxidase, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analysis were performed. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that the arthritic parameters have shown that MTX has an ameliorative effect on arthritic rats. Besides, our findings showed that low-dose MTX (2.5 mg/kg b.w.) given once a week for two weeks during arthritis treatment had toxic effects in the rat's intestine, as evidenced by changes in intestine pH and mucosal weight, decreased digestive enzymes, increased MPO, and degenerative changes in histopathological analysis. Concurrent therapy of LZ with MTX, on the other hand, restored the modifications in these parameters. CONCLUSION MTX in combination with LZ effectively manages arthritis than monotherapy and significantly prevents MTX-induced intestinal damage in arthritis rats. Thus, LZ could be used as an improved therapeutic and safety for MTX-instigated intestinal damage during arthritis treatments. Therefore, our combination of L-carnitine and zinc with MTX would be promising prophylactic activity for arthritis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Katturajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sabina Evan Prince
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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8
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Zhang Y, Gao Z, Chao S, Lu W, Zhang P. Transdermal delivery of inflammatory factors regulated drugs for rheumatoid arthritis. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1934-1950. [PMID: 35757855 PMCID: PMC9246099 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2089295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease, with the features of recurrent chronic inflammation of synovial tissue, destruction of cartilage, and bone erosion, which further affects joints tissue, organs, and systems, and eventually leads to irreversible joint deformities and body dysfunction. Therapeutic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis mainly reduce inflammation through regulating inflammatory factors. Transdermal administration is gradually being applied to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, which can allow the drug to overcome the skin stratum corneum barrier, reduce gastrointestinal side effects, and avoid the first-pass effect, thus improving bioavailability and relieving inflammation. This paper reviewed the latest research progress of transdermal drug delivery in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, and discussed in detail the dosage forms such as gel (microemulsion gel, nanoemulsion gel, nanomicelle gel, sanaplastic nano-vesiclegel, ethosomal gel, transfersomal gel, nanoparticles gel), patch, drug microneedles, nanostructured lipid carrier, transfersomes, lyotropic liquid crystal, and drug loaded electrospinning nanofibers, which provide inspiration for the rich dosage forms of transdermal drug delivery systems for rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhaoju Gao
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shushu Chao
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Lu
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Wang H, Zhao Z, Wu C, Tong X, Shi Y, Chen S. Microneedle Patch Delivery of Methotrexate-Loaded Albumin Nanoparticles to Immune Cells Achieves a Potent Antipsoriatic Effect. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:3841-3851. [PMID: 36072960 PMCID: PMC9444040 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s371183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Transdermal drug delivery provides a desirable alternative method of penetrating the skin for psoriasis treatment, by virtue of its ability to dampen the overactivation of immune cells and inflammation, while attenuating the detrimental effects of systemic administration. Lymph nodes (LNs), as a critical organ of the lymphatic and the acquired immune system, are suitable sites for drug homing to suppress the immune cells. Methods In this context, we developed a microneedle (MN) patch that delivers nanodrugs locally to LNs for improving the antipsoriatic treatment. In this study, human serum albumin nanoparticles carrying methotrexate (HM) were synthesized and loaded into hyaluronic acid (HA)-based microneedles (HM/MN). Results The patch showed an excellent ability to pierce the skin, which enhanced drug delivery. In a mouse model of psoriasis, the HM/MN patch significantly prevented the erythema with decreased skin thickness, thus inhibiting the progression of psoriasis. Further analysis for immune cells in LNs, the percent of dendritic cells (DC) and T cells reduced after the local treatment with HM/MN. Notably, the feasibility of targeted delivery of methotrexate to LNs using nanoparticles was verified by detecting increased accumulation of methotrexate in LNs. In addition, the HM/MN patch pronouncedly decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6 in the skin. Conclusion The results suggested the high efficacy of using the HM/MN patch to treat psoriasis, and provided new insight into the mechanism of the transdermal drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiji Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenghao Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Tong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuling Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shunjie Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shunjie Chen, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Email
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10
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Wei F, Wang Q, Liu H, Yang X, Cao W, Zhao W, Li Y, Zheng L, Ma T, Wang Q. High Efficacy Combined Microneedles Array with Methotrexate Nanocrystals for Effective Anti-Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:2397-2412. [PMID: 35637840 PMCID: PMC9148202 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s365523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methotrexate (MTX) is the first-line drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in several countries. However, MTX has an extremely low solubility in water, and the side effects caused by its delivery mode restrict its curative effect. In this study, we designed a dissolving microneedles array (DMNA) containing MTX nanocrystals (MTX-NCs) (MTX-NC@DMNA) to improve the treatment of RA. DMNA-based drug delivery combines the advantages of patient compliance with the use of transdermal drug delivery systems and high-efficiency injection administration; thus, it can mitigate the side effects that result from current administration routes. Carrier-free and surfactant-free MTX-NCs were prepared to overcome bioavailability limitations and poor drug loading problems. Methods The MTX-NCs prepared by reverse solvent precipitation method was encapsulated in the DMNA. The morphology, mechanical properties, safety, stability and in vivo dissolution were evaluated, and its pharmacodynamic characteristics were assessed in a rat model of RA. Results The particle size of the MTX-NCs was 148.1 ± 10.1 nm. The MTX-NC@DMNA were found to be rigid enough to penetrate the skin and deliver the drug successfully. The results indicated effective skin recovery after removal of the DMNA. It was found that the MTX-NC@DMNA significantly reduced foot swelling in the rats and regulated the balance in the levels of related cytokines. It also reduced pathological damage to the synovium, joint, and cartilage, and effectively alleviated organ injury in the rats. Conclusion Transdermal administration of MTX-NC@DMNA may be an effective approach for treating RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiman Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Li
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center for Biochemical Pharmaceuticals of Anhui Province, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center for Biochemical Pharmaceuticals of Anhui Province, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China.,Bengbu BBCA Medical Science Co., Ltd., Bengbu, Anhui Province, 233030, People's Republic of China
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Rodríguez-Báez AS, Huerta-García AP, Medellín-Garibay SE, Rodríguez-Pinal CJ, Martínez-Martínez MU, Herrera-Van Oostdam D, Abud-Mendoza C, Romano-Moreno S, Milán-Segovia RDC. Disease activity and therapeutic drug monitoring of polyglutamates of methotrexate after daily or weekly administration of low-dose methotrexate in patients recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 130:644-654. [PMID: 35365958 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Low-dose methotrexate can be challenging to treat rheumatoid arthritis due to side effects, lack of adherence and risk of medication errors. The aim of this study was to explore the safety and efficacy of low-dose methotrexate administered daily or weekly in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Patients were randomized according to a total oral dose of 12.5 mg of methotrexate administered: (A) divided in 5 days/week and (B) once per week. Patients were assessed along 24 weeks after starting treatment. Polyglutamates of methotrexate were quantified by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometer. Patients from groups A and B showed a good response to methotrexate treatment in 29% and 25.5%, respectively, and a global frequency of adverse events of 37%. Methotrexate polyglutamate 3 concentrations were higher in normal weight (body mass index 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 ) than in obese (body mass index 30 kg/m2 ) patients with a median (interquartile range) of 28 (17.95-45.15) and 10.35 (5.22-30.88) nM without differences between dosage groups. Daily dosage regimen represents a therapeutic alternative without compromising the efficacy and safety of methotrexate treatment and with similar adherence patterns than weekly dosage regimen; further, methotrexate polyglutamate 3 concentrations could be a useful tool for therapeutic drug monitoring purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - David Herrera-Van Oostdam
- Departamento de Reumatología, Hospital Central "Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto", San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Carlos Abud-Mendoza
- Departamento de Reumatología, Hospital Central "Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto", San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Silvia Romano-Moreno
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
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12
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Inclisiran: A Small Interfering Ribonucleic Acid Molecule Targeting PCSK9—A Narrative Review. Cardiovasc Ther 2022; 2022:8129513. [PMID: 35237348 PMCID: PMC8853778 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8129513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As dyslipidemias remain one of the main risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease, the question of maintaining optimal lipid levels with pharmacotherapy remains a subject of interest worldwide. In contrast to conventional pharmacotherapy, human monoclonal antibodies directed against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PSCK9) and small interfering RNA- (siRNA-) based drug targeting PCSK9 represent a new strategy for managing lipid disorders and reducing cardiovascular risk. Inclisiran is a long-acting, synthetic siRNA that targets hepatic production of PCSK9 and consequently causes a reduction in LDL-C concentrations by approximately 50% compared to placebo. The structural modification of inclisiran has led to better stability and prolonged biological activity of the drug. The main advantage over conventional pharmacotherapy and anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies is its favorable administration regimen (0–90–180 days), which should lead to much better compliance. Clinical trials conducted so far have confirmed the tolerability and efficacy of inclisiran in long-term PCSK9 and LDL-C level reductions. Moreover, a short-term follow-up on the safety of inclisiran showed a relatively good safety profile of the drug. However, it is still of great importance for ongoing and forthcoming clinical trials to be continued on a larger group of patients in order to assess long-term tolerability, efficacy, and safety of inclisiran.
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13
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Choonhakarn C, Chaowattanapanit S, Julanon N, Limpawattana P. Comparison of the clinical efficacy of subcutaneous versus oral administration of methotrexate in patients with psoriasis vulgaris: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Exp Dermatol 2022; 47:942-948. [PMID: 35015903 DOI: 10.1111/ced.15102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence demonstrates that parenteral administration of methotrexate (MTX) has a higher drug bioavailability with respect to the oral route of administration. This difference is even more pronounced for medium-to-high dosages. OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of oral and subcutaneous (SC) MTX for treatment of psoriasis. METHODS A randomized, comparative, single-blind, 32-week study was conducted. The clinical response was evaluated using the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) and the patient global assessment was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). RESULTS Seventy-seven patients had completed the study, 38 in SC and 39 in oral MTX group. No significant between-group differences were found in PASI 75 (p=0.14, 0.21), PASI 90 (p=0.23, 0.18), and PASI 100 (p=0.62, 0.22) responses at week 16 and 32, respectively. The mean VAS, however, throughout the 32-week study according to the multivariable analysis showed that SC MTX was superior to oral MTX for patient evaluation of disease improvement. Adverse events were comparable in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Subcutaneous and oral administration of MTX had similar efficacies in improving the PASI score even at the highest tolerable dose. The SC MTX group, however, had higher overall patient satisfaction than the oral MTX group. No difference in tolerability was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charoen Choonhakarn
- Division of Dermatology, Srinagarind Hospital Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Suteeraporn Chaowattanapanit
- Division of Dermatology, Srinagarind Hospital Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Narachai Julanon
- Division of Dermatology, Srinagarind Hospital Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Panita Limpawattana
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Srinagarind Hospital Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
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14
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Salamoun YM, Polireddy K, Cho YK, Medcalf MR, Funk RS. Methotrexate Disposition, Anti-Folate Activity, and Metabolomic Profiling to Identify Molecular Markers of Disease Activity and Drug Response in the Collagen-Induced Arthritis Mouse Model. Metabolites 2021; 12:metabo12010024. [PMID: 35050146 PMCID: PMC8780148 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used in the treatment of autoimmune arthritis but is limited by its unpredictable and variable response profile. Currently, no biomarkers exist to predict or monitor early therapeutic responses to MTX. Using a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model, this study aimed to identify biochemical pathways and biomarkers associated with MTX efficacy in autoimmune arthritis. Following arthritis disease induction, DBA/1J mice were treated with subcutaneous MTX (20 mg/kg/week) and disease activity was assessed based on disease activity scores (DAS) and paw volume (PV) measurements. Red blood cell (RBC) and plasma samples were collected at the end of the study and were assessed for folate and MTX content. Plasma samples were analyzed by semitargeted global metabolomic profiling and analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Treatment with MTX was associated with significant reductions in disease activity based on both DAS (p = 0.0006) and PV (p = 0.0006). MTX therapy resulted in significant reductions in 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5mTHF) levels in plasma (p = 0.02) and RBCs (p = 0.001). Reductions in both RBC and plasma 5mTHF were associated with lower DAS (p = 0.0007, p = 0.01, respectively) and PV (p = 0.001, p = 0.005, respectively). Increases in RBC MTX were associated with lower DAS (p = 0.003) but not PV (p = 0.23). Metabolomic analysis identified N-methylisoleucine (NMI) and quinolone as metabolites significantly altered in disease mice, which were corrected towards healthy control levels in mice treated with MTX. Reductions in plasma NMI were associated with lower DAS (p = 0.0002) and PV (p = 9.5 × 10-6). Increases in plasma quinolone were associated with lower DAS (p = 0.02) and PV (p = 0.01). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis identified plasma NMI (AUC = 1.00, p = 2.4 × 10-8), RBC 5mTHF (AUC = 0.99, p = 2.4 × 10-5), and plasma quinolone (AUC = 0.89, p = 0.01) as top discriminating metabolites of MTX treatment. Our data support a relationship between MTX efficacy and its effect on circulating folates and identified 5mTHF, NMI, and quinolone as potential therapeutic biomarkers of disease activity and MTX response in the CIA mouse model of autoimmune arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yezan M. Salamoun
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (K.P.); (Y.K.C.); (M.R.M.)
- Correspondence: (Y.M.S.); (R.S.F.); Tel.: +1-913-945-6904 (Y.M.S. & R.S.F.)
| | - Kishore Polireddy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (K.P.); (Y.K.C.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Yu Kyoung Cho
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (K.P.); (Y.K.C.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Matthew R. Medcalf
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (K.P.); (Y.K.C.); (M.R.M.)
| | - Ryan S. Funk
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (K.P.); (Y.K.C.); (M.R.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.M.S.); (R.S.F.); Tel.: +1-913-945-6904 (Y.M.S. & R.S.F.)
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15
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Wu C, Cheng J, Li W, Yang L, Dong H, Zhang X. Programmable Polymeric Microneedles for Combined Chemotherapy and Antioxidative Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:55559-55568. [PMID: 34783244 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease. Antioxidative treatment combined with chemotherapy holds great promise for RA treatment, and the ability to efficiently deliver drugs and antioxidants to the RA synovial joint is highly desired. Herein, we developed a programmable polymeric microneedle (MN) platform for transdermal delivery of methotrexate (MTX) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers for RA treatment. The biodegradable MNs made of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were incorporated with polydopamine/manganese dioxide (termed PDA@MnO2) and MTX. After insertion into skin tissue, the MNs degraded, thus enabling release of loaded MTX and PDA@MnO2. The PDA@MnO2 could be utilized as an MRI contrast agent in the RA synovial microenvironment. It also acted as a robust antioxidant to remove ROS and decrease RA inflammation, which when combined with the MTX-mediated chemotherapy led to an ideal outcome for RA treatments in a murine model. This work not only represents a valuable MN-assisted RA therapeutic agent transdermal delivery approach but also opens a new avenue for chemotherapy and antioxidative synergistic treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxiong Wu
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Guangdong 518060, P.R.China
| | - Jiale Cheng
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Guangdong 518060, P.R.China
| | - Wei Li
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Guangdong 518060, P.R.China
| | - Lingzhi Yang
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Guangdong 518060, P.R.China
| | - Haifeng Dong
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Guangdong 518060, P.R.China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Guangdong 518060, P.R.China
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16
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Abdel Salam L, Aldarwesh AQ, Eleishi HH. Whole exome sequencing (WES) of methotrexate response/adverse event profile in rheumatoid arthritis patients. THE EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
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17
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Bharate SS. Modulation of biopharmaceutical properties of acidic drugs using cationic counterions: A critical analysis of FDA-approved pharmaceutical salts. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:120993. [PMID: 34390812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Salification has a successful track record in modulating the biopharmaceutical properties of drugs. This is evident from the significant share (40%) of pharmaceutical salts in FDA-approved drugs in the past 80-years. Based on the ionic nature of drugs, the corresponding cationic or anionic counterions are employed for salification. This review aims to provide the contribution of cationic counterions in FDA-approved drugs from 1939 to 2020. The analysis of 80-years data has shown that the 7.1% of the FDA-approved drugs comprise cationic counterions (98 pharmaceutical salts). Heparin sodium is the pioneering drug in the history of pharmaceutical salts that was approved in 1939 as an anticoagulant medication. Inorganic (sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, silver), as well as organic (tromethamine, meglumine, erbumine) cationic counterions, were used in FDA-approved drugs with a major share by sodium (76 drugs). The technical superiority of cationic salts over other salt forms and the parent drug is also exemplified using case studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali S Bharate
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India.
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18
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Molaei E, Molaei A, Abedi F, Hayes AW, Karimi G. Nephroprotective activity of natural products against chemical toxicants: The role of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3362-3384. [PMID: 34136201 PMCID: PMC8194945 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephropathy can occur following exposure of the kidneys to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is the result of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation due to intracellular catabolism or exogenous toxicant exposure. Many natural products (NPs) with antioxidant properties have been used to demonstrate that oxidative damage-induced nephrotoxicity can be ameliorated or at least reduced through stimulation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. Nrf2 is a basic leucine zipper (bZip) transcription factor that regulates gene expression of the antioxidant response elements (ARE). Nrf2 is involved in the cellular antioxidant-detoxification machinery. Nrf2 activation is a major mechanism of nephroprotective activity for these NPs, which facilitates its entry into the nucleus, primarily by inhibiting Kelch like-ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). The purpose of this article was to review the peer-reviewed literature of NPs that have shown mitigating effects on renal disorder by stimulating Nrf2 and thereby suggesting potential new therapeutic or prophylactic strategies against kidney-damaging xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Molaei
- Faculty of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Ali Molaei
- Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Farshad Abedi
- Faculty of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research CenterInstitute of Pharmaceutical TechnologyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and ToxicologyFaculty of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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19
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Gvoic M, Vukmirovic S, Al-Salami H, Mooranian A, Mikov M, Stankov K. Bile acids as novel enhancers of CNS targeting antitumor drugs: a comprehensive review. Pharm Dev Technol 2021; 26:617-633. [PMID: 33882793 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2021.1916032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite a relatively low prevalence of primary brain tumors, they continuously attract scientific interest because of the complexity of their treatment due to their location behind the blood-brain barrier. The main challenge in treatment of brain tumors is not the efficacy of the drugs, per se, but the low efficiency of drug delivery to malignant cells. At the core of the problem is the complex structure of the blood-brain barrier. Nowadays, there is evidence supporting the claim that bile acids have the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. That ability can be exploited by taking a part in novel drug carrier designs. Bile acids represent a drug carrier system as a part of a mixed micelle composition, bilosomes and conjugates with various drugs. This review discusses the current knowledge related to bile acid molecules as drug penetration modifying agents, with the focus on central nervous system antitumor drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Gvoic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical faculty of Novi Sad, University of Novi sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Sasa Vukmirovic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical faculty of Novi Sad, University of Novi sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Armin Mooranian
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Momir Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical faculty of Novi Sad, University of Novi sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Karmen Stankov
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical faculty of Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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20
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Tornero Molina J, López Robledillo JC, Casamira Ruiz N. Potential Benefits of the Self-Administration of Subcutaneous Methotrexate with Autoinjector Devices for Patients: A Review. DRUG HEALTHCARE AND PATIENT SAFETY 2021; 13:81-94. [PMID: 33824602 PMCID: PMC8018568 DOI: 10.2147/dhps.s290771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The role of patient adherence in improving the efficacy of any treatment is widely accepted, as well as its impact in optimizing the use of healthcare resources and associated costs. Adherence is particularly affected in chronic conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), requiring long-term therapies and a commitment of the patient to manage his/her disease. Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the mainstays of treatment for several immune-mediated inflammatory joint and skin diseases, especially RA. The use of parenteral MTX, particularly when administered as a subcutaneous (SC) injection, has recently raised a great interest to overcome the limitations of oral MTX. For addressing this issue, new optimized self-injection systems have been developed to improve the ease of use of SC MTX. Increasing evidence shows how patients tend to opt for autoinjectors over prefilled syringes or conventional syringes in terms of easiness of use, preference and satisfaction, regardless of whether the treatment is a biologic or MTX. Additionally, positive views and beliefs of patients about treatment may contribute to increasing expectations of effectiveness and treatment adherence. Similarly, the implementation of prefilled pens in clinical practice might be a way to facilitate and simplify the self-injection of SC MTX delivery, optimizing adherence and treatment outcomes as a consequence. This article aimed to review the available literature data on the use of MTX autoinjectors and their impact on treatment adherence and patients’ perceptions.
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21
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Said MA, Silva LSTE, de Oliveira Rocha AM, Alves GGB, Piotto DGP, Len CA, Terreri MT. Adverse drug reactions associated with treatment in patients with chronic rheumatic diseases in childhood: a retrospective real life review of a single center cohort. Adv Rheumatol 2020; 60:53. [PMID: 33153496 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-020-00154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are the sixth leading causes of death worldwide; monitoring them is fundamental, especially in patients with disorders like chronic rheumatic diseases (CRDs). The study aimed to describe the ADRs investigating their severity and associated factors and resulting interventions in pediatric patients with CRDs. METHODS A retrospective, descriptive and analytical study was conducted on a cohort of children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) and juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). The study evaluated medical records of the patients to determine the causality and the management of ADRs. In order to investigate the risk factors that would increase the risk of ADRs, a logistic regression model was carried out on a group of patients treated with the main used drug. RESULTS We observed 949 ADRs in 547 patients studied. Methotrexate (MTX) was the most frequently used medication and also the cause of the most ADRs, which occurred in 63.3% of patients, followed by glucocorticoids (GCs). Comparing synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (sDMARDs) vs biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), the ADRs attributed to the former were by far higher than the latter. In general, the severity of ADRs was moderate and manageable. Drug withdrawal occurred in almost a quarter of the cases. In terms of risk factors, most patients who experienced ADRs due to MTX, were 16 years old or younger and received MTX in doses equal or higher than 0.6 mg/kg/week. Patients with JIA and JDM had a lower risk of ADRs than patients with JSLE. In the multiple regression model, the use of GCs for over 6 months led to an increase of 0.5% in the number of ADRs. CONCLUSIONS Although the ADRs highly likely affect a wide range of children and adolescents with CRDs they were considered moderate and manageable cases mostly. However, triggers of ADRs need further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar Amanouil Said
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University Sao Paulo (Unifesp), Rua Borges Lagoa, 802, Sao Paulo, ZIP CODE: 04038-001, Brazil.
| | - Liana Soido Teixeira E Silva
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University Sao Paulo (Unifesp), Rua Borges Lagoa, 802, Sao Paulo, ZIP CODE: 04038-001, Brazil
| | - Aline Maria de Oliveira Rocha
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University Sao Paulo (Unifesp), Rua Borges Lagoa, 802, Sao Paulo, ZIP CODE: 04038-001, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Guimarães Barreto Alves
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University Sao Paulo (Unifesp), Rua Borges Lagoa, 802, Sao Paulo, ZIP CODE: 04038-001, Brazil
| | - Daniela Gerent Petry Piotto
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University Sao Paulo (Unifesp), Rua Borges Lagoa, 802, Sao Paulo, ZIP CODE: 04038-001, Brazil
| | - Claudio Arnaldo Len
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University Sao Paulo (Unifesp), Rua Borges Lagoa, 802, Sao Paulo, ZIP CODE: 04038-001, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Terreri
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University Sao Paulo (Unifesp), Rua Borges Lagoa, 802, Sao Paulo, ZIP CODE: 04038-001, Brazil
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22
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Tekko IA, Permana AD, Vora L, Hatahet T, McCarthy HO, Donnelly RF. Localised and sustained intradermal delivery of methotrexate using nanocrystal-loaded microneedle arrays: Potential for enhanced treatment of psoriasis. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 152:105469. [PMID: 32679177 PMCID: PMC7417809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX), typically used as its sodium salt (MTX Na), is a first-line treatments for moderate to severe psoriasis, showing good efficacy. However, its systemic administration is associated with many side effects. Intradermal delivery into psoriatic tissue could offer an alternative approach. However, successful intradermal administration of MTX Na is currently precluded by its physicochemical properties. Moreover, due to its hydrophilic nature, MTX Na is swiftly cleared from the target tissue, necessitating frequent dosing which may affect patient compliance. To address these limitations, we investigated the combination of nanocrystal (NC) and dissolving microneedle (MN) technologies as an alternative approach for localised and sustained intradermal delivery of MTX Na. Poorly water-soluble MTX nanocrystals (MTX NC) were produced by a bottom-up technique with a mean particle size of 678 ± 15 nm. Sustained in vitro drug release was observed over 72 h. The MTX NC were then incorporated into the shafts of dissolving MN arrays with a drug loading of 2.48 mg/array. The MTX NC-loaded MN arrays exhibited satisfactory mechanical strength and insertion capabilities in the skin-simulant Parafilm M® and their shafts dissolved entirely in less than 20 min after insertion into excised neonatal porcine skin. Importantly, in vivo studies in Sprague Dawley rats revealed that the MN arrays were able to deposit approximately 25.1% of the loaded MTX NC in the skin, which acted, in turn, as a drug depot and released the MTX in a sustained manner over 72 h, while minimising MTX systemic exposure. Indeed, 24 h from MN application, 312.70 ± 161.95 µg/g of MTX was retained in the skin at the application site. This was approximately 322-fold higher than the amount of MTX (0.942 ± 0.59 µg/g) retained in the skin after oral administration of MTX Na. Interestingly, even after 72 h after MN application, around 12.5% of the MTX NC deposited in the skin by the MN was retained. In contrast, the maximal blood concentration of MTX achieved following MN application, was only 40% of that measured after oral administration of MTX Na. Accordingly, MTX NC-loaded dissolving MN arrays could be a promising approach for effective localised and sustained intradermal delivery of MTX as a potential enhanced treatment for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismaiel A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Lalitkumar Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Taher Hatahet
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
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Balak DMW, Gerdes S, Parodi A, Salgado-Boquete L. Long-term Safety of Oral Systemic Therapies for Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2020; 10:589-613. [PMID: 32529393 PMCID: PMC7367959 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-020-00409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral systemic therapies are important treatment options for patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, either as monotherapy or in therapy-recalcitrant cases as combination therapy with phototherapy, other oral systemics or biologics. Long-term treatment is needed to maintain sufficient disease control in psoriasis, but continuous use of systemic treatments is limited by adverse events (AEs) and cumulative toxicity risks. The primary aim of this comprehensive literature review was to examine the long-term safety profiles of oral agents commonly used in the treatment of adults with psoriasis. Searches were conducted in EMBASE and PubMed up to November 2018, and 157 relevant publications were included. Long-term treatment with acitretin could be associated with skeletal toxicity and hepatotoxicity, although evidence for skeletal toxicity is mixed and hepatotoxicity is rare, particularly at low doses. Other safety issues include hyperlipidaemia and potential for teratogenicity up to 2-3 years after discontinuation of treatment. There is a paucity of data on long-term treatment with apremilast. Continued exposure to apremilast does not seem to increase the incidence of common AEs, such as gastrointestinal (GI) AEs, upper respiratory tract infections and headache, while the long-term risks for depression, suicidal thoughts and weight loss are unknown. Long-term ciclosporin treatment is associated with renal toxicity, hypertension, non-melanoma skin cancer, neurological AEs and GI AEs. Long-term methotrexate treatment is associated with hepatotoxicity, GI AEs, haematological toxicity, renal toxicity and alopecia. Finally, long-term treatment with fumaric acid esters (FAE) is associated with GI AEs, flushing, lymphocytopenia, proteinuria and elevated liver enzymes. Median drug survival estimates varied considerably: ~ 2.9-9.7 months for apremilast; ~ 5.4 months for ciclosporin; ~ 8.6 months for acitretin; ~ 12.1-21.6 months for methotrexate; and ~ 54.8 months for FAE. These long-term safety profiles may help to guide clinicians to select the optimal oral systemic treatment for the long-term treatment of psoriasis in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak M W Balak
- Department of Dermatology, LangeLand Ziekenhuis, Zoetermeer, the Netherlands.
| | - Sascha Gerdes
- Department of Dermatology, Psoriasis-Center, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Aurora Parodi
- DiSSal Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa-Ospedale-Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Salgado-Boquete
- Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain
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Development and characterisation of novel poly (vinyl alcohol)/poly (vinyl pyrrolidone)-based hydrogel-forming microneedle arrays for enhanced and sustained transdermal delivery of methotrexate. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119580. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Chularojanamontri L, Wongpraparut C, Silpa-Archa N, Chaiyabutr C, Pruksaeakanan C, Klinniyom A, Junnu S, Srisawat C. Patient-ready syringes containing 25 mg/mL methotrexate can be kept at temperature ranging from 4 °C to 37 °C for up to 12 weeks for use in psoriatic and rheumatologic conditions. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 33:1023-1028. [PMID: 32700608 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1800570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methotrexate (MTX) is a mainstay drug in the treatment of psoriatic and rheumatologic conditions. Subcutaneous MTX has become a feasible treatment alternative with the development of prefilled syringes or autoinjectors containing MTX solution that can be self-administered by the patient at home. However, MTX prefilled auto-injector pens are still not available in some countries. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the stability and sterility of 25 mg/mL MTX solution in a disposable plastic syringe over a 12-week period under light protection at temperatures of 4 °C, 25 °C, and 37 °C. METHODS This study was conducted during November 2019 to February 2020 at the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University. Stability was evaluated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography technique, and sterility was assessed by cultures for bacterial and fungal contamination. RESULTS Our results revealed that patient-ready syringes containing 25 mg/mL MTX solution can be prepared in advance and kept for up to 12 weeks under light protection, and they can be kept at temperatures ranging from 4 to 37 °C. CONCLUSION This system for delivering MTX to patients that are refractory to or intolerant of oral MTX via a self-administered pre-filled syringe is both efficient and easy to implement in care settings where commercially alternatives are not yet available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Chularojanamontri
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanisada Wongpraparut
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narumol Silpa-Archa
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chayada Chaiyabutr
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chutipon Pruksaeakanan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anchalika Klinniyom
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Junnu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chatchawan Srisawat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Maleki A, Ueberroth JA, Walsh M, Foster F, Chang PY, Anesi SD, Foster CS. Combination of Intravenous Methotrexate and Methylprednisolone Therapy in the Treatment of Severe Ocular Inflammatory Diseases. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2020; 29:1559-1563. [PMID: 32406782 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2020.1746356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous methotrexate and methylprednisolone in severe, sight-threatening ocular inflammatory conditions.Methods: This was a retrospective observational case series. Patients who had received intravenous methotrexate for ocular inflammation with at least 24 months of follow-up were included in the study.Results: Ten patients (20 eyes) were included in this study. Mean age of the patients was 47.2 ± 17.7 (range:19-74). At 1-month follow-up visit, nine patients showed improvement and one patient failed treatment. At 12-month follow-up visit, all patients were in remission. Two patients were only on intravenous methotrexate infusions. At twenty-four-month follow-up visit, only one patient, in remission, was on intravenous methotrexate therapy. Leukopenia was the only adverse effect observed.Conclusion: Intravenous methotrexate and methylprednisolone infusions can be an effective method of treatment in patients with severe, sight-threatening ocular inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Maleki
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.,The Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jordan A Ueberroth
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.,The Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marisa Walsh
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.,The Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Frances Foster
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.,The Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter Y Chang
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.,The Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen D Anesi
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.,The Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles Stephen Foster
- Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.,The Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Modify treatment for atopic dermatitis when patient response to dupilumab is partial or non-durable. DRUGS & THERAPY PERSPECTIVES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40267-020-00715-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Inclisiran-New hope in the management of lipid disorders? J Clin Lipidol 2019; 14:16-27. [PMID: 31879073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Drugs reducing plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins have been demonstrated to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in both primary and secondary prevention. Despite the demonstrated efficacy of statins and ezetimibe on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration and long-term CVD risk, a large number of patients do not achieve their therapeutic goals. The introduction of monoclonal antibodies against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) protein was a milestone in the treatment of lipid disorders, as their administration leads to unprecedentedly low LDL cholesterol concentrations. Inclisiran represents an entirely new mechanism of PSCK9 protein inhibition in hepatocytes, targeting the messenger RNA for PCSK9. Its administration is necessary only every 3 to 6 months, which is an essential advantage over statin and monoclonal antibody therapy. The infrequent administration regimen can increase the number of patients who maintain their therapeutic goals, especially in patients struggling to comply with daily or biweekly pharmacotherapy. Preclinical studies and Phase I and Phase II clinical trials of inclisiran have demonstrated its tolerability and efficacy in promoting long-term reduction of both PCSK9 protein and LDL cholesterol. The efficacy and safety of inclisiran will continue to be assessed in ongoing and forthcoming trials on larger patient groups. If the results of these trials reflect previously published data, they will add further evidence that inclisiran might be a revolutionary new tool in the pharmacologic management of plasma lipids. This review summarizes the currently available literature data on inclisiran with respect to its mechanism of action, effectiveness, and safety as a lipid-lowering drug for CVD prevention.
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29
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Lebas E, Chapelier C, Quatresooz P, Seidel L, Nikkels AF. Exploratory Assessment of Oxygen Flow-Assisted Cutaneous Administration of Methotrexate for Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma, Mycosis Fungoides, and Extramammary Paget Disease. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 140:583-592. [PMID: 31513804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.08.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The molecular weight of methotrexate (MTX) makes cutaneous penetration difficult. Oxygen flow could enhance the skin permeation of MTX diluted in the proprietary LP3 carrier system. This pilot study aims to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerance of oxygen flow-assisted LP3-MTX3% for treating superficial skin cancers. Patients with superficial basal cell carcinoma (n = 12), extramammary Paget disease (n = 5), classic mycosis fungoides (MF; n = 10), and folliculotropic MF (n = 6) were included in the study and were treated with four weekly applications of oxygen flow-assisted LP3-MTX3%. Photographs and biopsies were performed before and one month after treatment. At one month after treatment, the mean superficial basal cell carcinoma erythema-crusting-thickness clinical score, the extramammary Paget disease erythema-oozing-scaling/hyperkeratosis-pain/pruritus clinical score, and the modified composite assessment of index lesion severity classic MF and folliculotropic MF scores were improved by 77.5% ± 17.1% (P < 0.0001), 66.7% ± 22.9% (P = 0.011), 51.3% ± 32.2% (P = 0.0007), and 27.8% ± 32.0% (P = 0.086), respectively. At one month after treatment, histology revealed partial and total clearances for superficial basal cell carcinoma (1/12, 11/12), extramammary Paget disease (4/5, 1/5), classic MF (8/10, 2/10), and folliculotropic MF (6/6, 0/6). Tolerance was excellent and no pain was observed. MTX was never detectable in serum at baseline and 1, 2, 3, 8, 24, 48, and 72 hours post-treatment. In conclusion, the interesting therapeutic efficacy of oxygen flow-assisted LP3-MTX3% for treating superficial basal cell carcinoma, extramammary Paget disease, and MF lesions prompts further studies on a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Lebas
- Department of Dermatology, CHU of Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Corinne Chapelier
- Department of Dermatology, CHU of Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pascale Quatresooz
- Department of Pathology, CHU of Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Laurence Seidel
- Department of Biostatistics, CHU of Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - A F Nikkels
- Department of Dermatology, CHU of Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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Homer D. Using video-based training for button-free auto-injection of subcutaneous methotrexate: A pilot study. Musculoskeletal Care 2019; 17:247-279. [PMID: 31373433 PMCID: PMC6851598 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Homer
- Community Rheumatology Service, Modality Partnership, Enki Medical Practice, Handsworth, Birmingham, UK
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31
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Hendricks AJ, Lio PA, Shi VY. Management Recommendations for Dupilumab Partial and Non-durable Responders in Atopic Dermatitis. Am J Clin Dermatol 2019; 20:565-569. [PMID: 30919315 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-019-00436-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As the first targeted systemic agent for the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD), dupilumab represents a novel therapeutic opportunity for both patients and providers. However, a subset of patients receiving dupilumab are either partial responders who exhibit some improvement in Investigator's Global Assessment score but not sufficient to meet the primary endpoint, or are non-durable responders who achieve therapeutic endpoint with subsequent partial loss of efficacy. We propose a therapeutic algorithm for the management of dupilumab partial responders and non-durable responders that involves maximizing topical therapy, seeking alternative diagnoses, and using dupilumab in conjunction with traditional systemic immunosuppressive agents. With a number of targeted agents for AD in the drug development pipeline, we encourage patients who do not have an adequate response to dupilumab to remain patient and optimistic as the arsenal of AD treatment modalities continues to expand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter A Lio
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Medical Dermatology Associates of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vivian Y Shi
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, 7165 N Pima Canyon Drive, Tucson, AZ, 85718, USA.
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Bodkhe R, Balakrishnan B, Taneja V. The role of microbiome in rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2019; 11:1759720X19844632. [PMID: 31431810 PMCID: PMC6685117 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x19844632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder with multifactorial etiology; both genetic and environmental factors are known to be involved in pathogenesis. Treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) plays an essential role in controlling disease progression and symptoms. DMARDs have immunomodulatory properties and suppress immune response by interfering in various pro-inflammatory pathways. Recent evidence has shown that the gut microbiota directly and indirectly modulates the host immune system. RA has been associated with dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Patients with RA treated with DMARDs show partial restoration of eubiotic gut microbiome. Hence, it is essential to understand the impact of DMARDs on the microbial composition and its consequent influences on the host immune system to identify novel therapies for RA. In this review, we discuss the importance of antirheumatic-drug-induced host microbiota modulations and possible probiotics that can generate eubiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Bodkhe
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Veena Taneja
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Methotrexate disposition, anti-folate activity and efficacy in the collagen-induced arthritis mouse model. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 853:264-274. [PMID: 30951714 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) efficacy in autoimmune arthritis is variable and unpredictable resulting in the need for the identification of biomarkers to guide drug therapy. This study utilizes the collagen-induced arthritis mouse model to investigate erythrocyte MTX disposition and anti-folate activity as biochemical markers of efficacy in autoimmune arthritis. Following induction of arthritis, DBA/1J mice were treated with once-weekly subcutaneous MTX at varying doses over a period of 40 days. At the completion of the study tissue samples were analyzed for MTX and folate content and assessed for their relationship with MTX efficacy. MTX treatment resulted in a reduction in disease activity that was variable and dose-dependent. Erythrocyte accumulation of MTX and its polyglutamate metabolites were dose proportionate, however, polyglutamate metabolites represented a mean ± S.E.M. of 8.9 ± 0.4% of total erythrocyte MTX, which is markedly lower than previously observed in humans and failed to display any significant association with MTX efficacy. MTX treatment resulted in reductions in erythrocyte 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate (5mTHF) levels that were similar to those previously observed in human studies. Disease induction was associated with a decrease in liver 5mTHF and increased formyl-tetrahydrofolate (fTHF) that was normalized in MTX treated mice. MTX efficacy was associated with reductions in erythrocyte 5mTHF (P = 0.04) and increases in liver 5mTHF (P = 0.0001). Together, these findings demonstrate a relationship between alterations in tissue folate levels and MTX efficacy, and supports erythrocyte levels of 5mTHF as a marker of MTX efficacy in autoimmune arthritis.
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Abstract
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis affect an increasing number of patients, and utilization of immune suppressant and biologic therapies is also increasing. These agents are linked to adverse events ranging from mild nuisance symptoms to potentially life-threatening complications including infections and malignancies. Areas covered: This review provides an updated discussion on adverse events associated with immunomodulator, anti-TNF-α, anti-integrin, and anti-IL 12/IL-23 antibody therapies. In addition, we review the risk profile of the currently widely available infliximab biosimilar medication. Expert commentary: Providers should engage in risk-benefit discussion with information specific to each medication discussed, and consider individualized risk factors when selecting therapeutic agents. Drug monitoring and shared decision-making results in more personalized medical management of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Quezada
- a Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Leon P McLean
- b Department of Medicine , Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth , Hanover , NH , USA.,c Granite State Gastrointestinal Consultants , Derry , NH , USA
| | - Raymond K Cross
- a Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
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Abstract
Medications to treat children with rheumatic disease include disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, glucocorticosteroids, and biologic response modifiers that target mediators and cells involved in autoimmunity and inflammation. Although usually well-tolerated, such medications have many possible side effects, of which primary care and emergency providers should be aware. Both disease and immunosuppression contribute to susceptibility to unusual and opportunistic infections, in addition to usual childhood infections for which these children should receive all applicable nonlive vaccines. Close coordination between the rheumatologist and other medical care providers is essential, because medication side effects, infections, and disease flares are difficult to distinguish, and may occur together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria C Higgins
- Pediatric Rheumatology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
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