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Rokade AV, Yelne P, Giri A. Riluzole and Edavarone: The Hope Against Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cureus 2022; 14:e30035. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Zhang H, Li H, Huang B, Wang S, Gao Y, Meng F, Chen Y, Zhou F, Guan Y, Wang X. Spatiotemporal evolution of pyroptosis and canonical inflammasome pathway in hSOD1 G93A ALS mouse model. BMC Neurosci 2022; 23:50. [PMID: 35945502 PMCID: PMC9364624 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-022-00733-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidences indicate that inflammasome compounds participate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal progressive motoneuron degenerative disease. Researchers have observed the expressions of nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) related inflammasome components in specific regions of the central nervous system in different ALS models, but the cellular spatiotemporal evolution of this canonical inflammasome pathway and pyroptosis during ALS progression are unclear. Methods The spinal cords of hSOD1G93A mice (ALS mice) and age-matched littermates (CON mice) were dissected at pre-symptomatic stage (60 d), early- symptomatic stage (95 d), symptomatic stage (108 d) and late-symptomatic stage (122 d) of the disease. By using Nissl staining, double immunofluorescence labelling, qRT-PCR or western blot, we detected morphology change and the expression, cellular location of GSDMD, NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β in the ventral horn of lumbar spinal cords over the course of disease. Results Neural morphology changes and GSDMD+/NeuN+ double positive cells were observed in ventral horn from ALS mice even at 60 d of age, even though there were no changes of GSDMD mRNA and protein expressions at this stage compared with CON mice. With disease progression, compared with age-matched CON mice, increased expressions of GSDMD, NLRP3, activated caspase-1 and IL-1β were detected. Double immunofluorescence labeling revealed that NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β positive signals mainly localized in ventral horn neurons at pre- and early-symptomatic stages. From symptomatic stage to late-symptomatic stage, robust positive signals were co-expressed in reactive astrocytes and microglia. Conclusions Early activation of the canonical NLRP3 inflammasome induced pyroptosis in ventral horn neurons, which may participate in motor neuron degeneration and initiate neuroinflammatory processes during ALS progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12868-022-00733-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyun Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China.,Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Lab of Shandong Higher Education, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Bingkun Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China.,Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Lab of Shandong Higher Education, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoye Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Fandi Meng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China.,Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Lab of Shandong Higher Education, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Yanchun Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China.,Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Lab of Shandong Higher Education, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Fenghua Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China.,Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Lab of Shandong Higher Education, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Yingjun Guan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China. .,Neurologic Disorders and Regenerative Repair Lab of Shandong Higher Education, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Zhou T, Ahmad TK, Gozda K, Truong J, Kong J, Namaka M. Implications of white matter damage in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Review). Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:4379-4392. [PMID: 28791401 PMCID: PMC5646997 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, which involves the progressive degeneration of motor neurons. ALS has long been considered a disease of the grey matter; however, pathological alterations of the white matter (WM), including axonal loss, axonal demyelination and oligodendrocyte death, have been reported in patients with ALS. The present review examined motor neuron death as the primary cause of ALS and evaluated the associated WM damage that is guided by neuronal‑glial interactions. Previous studies have suggested that WM damage may occur prior to the death of motor neurons, and thus may be considered an early indicator for the diagnosis and prognosis of ALS. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying early‑onset WM damage in ALS have yet to be elucidated. The present review explored the detailed anatomy of WM and identified several pathological mechanisms that may be implicated in WM damage in ALS. In addition, it associated the pathophysiological alterations of WM, which may contribute to motor neuron death in ALS, with similar mechanisms of WM damage that are involved in multiple sclerosis (MS). Furthermore, the early detection of WM damage in ALS, using neuroimaging techniques, may lead to earlier therapeutic intervention, using immunomodulatory treatment strategies similar to those used in relapsing‑remitting MS, aimed at delaying WM damage in ALS. Early therapeutic approaches may have the potential to delay motor neuron damage and thus prolong the survival of patients with ALS. The therapeutic interventions that are currently available for ALS are only marginally effective. However, early intervention with immunomodulatory drugs may slow the progression of WM damage in the early stages of ALS, thus delaying motor neuron death and increasing the life expectancy of patients with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Tina Khorshid Ahmad
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Kiana Gozda
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Jessica Truong
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Jiming Kong
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Michael Namaka
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 1R9, Canada
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Brownell AL, Kuruppu D, Kil KE, Jokivarsi K, Poutiainen P, Zhu A, Maxwell M. PET imaging studies show enhanced expression of mGluR5 and inflammatory response during progressive degeneration in ALS mouse model expressing SOD1-G93A gene. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:217. [PMID: 26597638 PMCID: PMC4657381 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0439-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative motor neuron disorder. Genetic studies have linked mutation of the gene SOD1 to ALS pathology as well as several other pathological processes including modulation of glutamatergic function and inflammatory processes. Since therapeutic approaches for ALS are focused on glutamatergic function, we investigated modulation of glutamate transport based on its receptor function as well as excitotoxicity-induced inflammatory response. Methods In vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) using [18F]FPEB ([18F]3-fluoro-5-(2-pyridylethynyl)benzonitrile) and inflammatory response using [11C]PBR28 (peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligand 28) were done in an early and a late phase of neurodegeneration in four ALS mice expressing SOD1-G93A gene and four control base mice (C57/BL6). Accumulation of [18F]FPEB and [11C]PBR28 were quantitated in several brain areas and spinal cord to determine degeneration-induced modulation. The studies were completed with immunohistochemical analyses of mGluR5 and inflammatory response. Results These studies showed enhanced binding potential of [18F]FPEB in several brain areas including striatum, hippocampus, and frontal cortex. In the whole brain, the binding potential increased 49 ± 9 % from base mice to ALS-type mice and further enhanced 23 ± 4 % during disease progression. Also, in the spinal cord 6–22 %, enhanced accumulation of [18F]FPEB was observed during progression of the disease. The accumulation of [11C]PBR28 increased by 110 ± 33 % in the whole brain during progression of the disease indicating significant inflammatory process. [11C]PBR28 accumulation enhanced 89–264 % in the spinal cord and 204 % in the lungs. The end point immunohistochemical analyses verified the enhanced mGluR5 expression and inflammation. Conclusions These results confirm the role of glutamate and inflammation in ALS-type pathology. These data also support the hypothesis that excessive glutamate may contribute to inflammation in the chronic neurodegenerative processes in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Liisa Brownell
- Athinoula A Martinos Biomedical Imaging Center, Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - Darshini Kuruppu
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusett, USA.
| | - Kun-Eek Kil
- Athinoula A Martinos Biomedical Imaging Center, Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - Kimmo Jokivarsi
- Athinoula A Martinos Biomedical Imaging Center, Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - Pekka Poutiainen
- Athinoula A Martinos Biomedical Imaging Center, Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - Aijun Zhu
- Athinoula A Martinos Biomedical Imaging Center, Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - Michelle Maxwell
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusett, USA.
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Vieira FG, LaDow E, Moreno A, Kidd JD, Levine B, Thompson K, Gill A, Finkbeiner S, Perrin S. Dexpramipexole is ineffective in two models of ALS related neurodegeneration. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91608. [PMID: 25526593 PMCID: PMC4272269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment options for people living with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are limited and ineffective. Recently, dexpramipexole (RPPX) was advanced into human ALS clinical trials. In the current studies, we investigated RPPX in two parallel screening systems: 1) appropriately powered, sibling-matched, gender-balanced survival efficacy screening in high-copy B6-SJL-SOD1G93A/Gur1 mice, and 2) high-content neuronal survival screening in primary rat cortical neurons transfected with wild-type human TDP43 or mutant human TDP43. In both cases, we exposed the test systems to RPPX levels approximating those achieved in human Phase II clinical investigations. In SOD1G93A mice, no effect was observed on neuromotor disease progression or survival. In primary cortical neurons transfected with either mutant or wild-type human TDP43, a marginally significant improvement in a single indicator of neuronal survival was observed, and only at the 10 µM RPPX treatment. These systems reflect both mutant SOD1- and TDP43-mediated forms of neurodegeneration. The systems also reflect both complex non-cell autonomous and neuronal cell autonomous disease mechanisms. The results of these experiments, taken in context with results produced by other molecules tested in both screening systems, do not argue positively for further study of RPPX in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando G. Vieira
- ALS Therapy Development Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (FGV); (SF)
| | - Eva LaDow
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Andy Moreno
- ALS Therapy Development Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joshua D. Kidd
- ALS Therapy Development Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Beth Levine
- ALS Therapy Development Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Thompson
- ALS Therapy Development Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alan Gill
- ALS Therapy Development Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Steven Finkbeiner
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Taube-Koret Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research and the Hellman Family Foundation Alzheimer's Disease Research Program, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Departments of Neurology and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (FGV); (SF)
| | - Steven Perrin
- ALS Therapy Development Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Li X, Guan Y, Chen Y, Zhang C, Shi C, Zhou F, Yu L, Juan J, Wang X. Expression of Wnt5a and its receptor Fzd2 is changed in the spinal cord of adult amyotrophic lateral sclerosis transgenic mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2013; 6:1245-1260. [PMID: 23826406 PMCID: PMC3693190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Wnt5a, a member of the Wnt gene family, encodes a cysteine-rich growth factor involved in signal transduction during growth and differentiation. The Fzd2 gene codes for a cell membrane receptor called Frizzled-2 have a structure similar to G protein coupled receptors. The extracellular N-terminal of the Fzd2 receptor has a cysteine-rich domain (CRD) that binds Wnt ligands and thus primes the Wnt signal pathway. Downregulation of the Wnt signal pathway occurs in neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, little is known about Wnt5a/Fzd2 signaling in mammalian nerve cells, and it is not clear whether Wnt5a or Fzd2 functioning are changed in ALS. The influence of Wnt5a and Fzd2 signal transduction pathway on ALS was investigated in adult SOD1(G93A) transgenic mice. Changes in Wnt5a and Fzd2 expression in the spinal cord of SOD1(G93A) transgenic mice (ALS), SOD1(G93A) transfected NSC-34 cells, and primary cultures of astrocytes from SOD1(G93A) transgenic mice were detected by immunofluorescent staining, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. The results provide further insight into the role of Wnt5a and Fzd2 in the pathogenesis of ALS transgenic mice, which provides evidence that should help in the search for treatments of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yingjun Guan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yanchun Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Caixing Shi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Fenghua Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Juan Juan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, Massachusetts, USA
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