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Paredes-Laverde M, Cárdenas-Jiménez JA, Porras J, Acelas N, Torres-Palma RA. Green adsorbents for pharmaceutics removal from urine: Analysis of isotherms, kinetics, adsorption interactions, cost estimation, and environmental impact. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 368:122162. [PMID: 39128352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Husks of rice (RH), coffee (CH), and cholupa (CLH) were used to produce natural adsorbents. The natural adsorbents were used to remove pharmaceuticals such as diclofenac, ciprofloxacin, and acetaminophen in a mixture of distilled water. However, CH stood out for its efficiency in removing ciprofloxacin (74%) due to the higher concentration of acidic groups, as indicated by the Boehm method. In addition, CH removed 86% of ciprofloxacin individually. Therefore, CH was selected and used to remove other fluoroquinolones, such as levofloxacin and Norfloxacin. Although electrostatic interactions favored removals, better removal was observed for ciprofloxacin due to its smaller molecular volume. Then, ciprofloxacin was selected, and the effect of pH, matrix, and adsorbent doses were evaluated. In this way, using a pH of 6.2 in urine with a dose of 1.5 g L-1, it is possible to adsorb CIP concentrations in the range (0.0050-0.42 mmol L-1). Subsequently, the high R2 values and low percentages of APE and Δq indicated better fits for pseudo-second-order kinetics, suggesting a two-stage adsorption. At the same time, the Langmuir isotherm recommends a monolayer adsorption with a Qm of 25.2 mg g-1. In addition, a cost of 0.373 USD/g CIP was estimated for the process, where the material can be reused up to 4 times with a CIP removal in the urine of 51%. Consequently, thermodynamics analysis showed an exothermic and spontaneous process with high disorder. Furthermore, changes in FTIR analysis after adsorption suggest that CH in removing CIP in urine involves electrostatic attractions, hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions. In addition, the life cycle analysis presents, for the 11 categories evaluated, a lower environmental impact of the CIP removal in urine with CH than for the preparation of adsorbent, confirming that the adsorption process is more environmentally friendly than materials synthesis or other alternatives of treatments. Furthermore, future directions of the study based on real applications were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Paredes-Laverde
- Grupo de Investigación en Remediación Ambiental y Biocatálisis (GIRAB), Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - José A Cárdenas-Jiménez
- Departamento de Química, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Marcelino García Barragán 1421, C.P. 44430, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Grupo de Materiales con Impacto, Mat&mpac, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jazmín Porras
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas Uniremington, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Corporación Universitaria Remington (Uniremington), Calle 51 No. 51-27, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Nancy Acelas
- Grupo de Materiales con Impacto, Mat&mpac, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Ricardo A Torres-Palma
- Grupo de Investigación en Remediación Ambiental y Biocatálisis (GIRAB), Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
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Napolitano S, Ottaviano G, Bettini L, Russotto V, Bonanomi S, Rovelli A, Biondi A, Rona R, Balduzzi A. Cytokine release syndrome after CAR infusion in pediatric patients with refractory/relapsed B-ALL: is there a role for diclofenac? TUMORI JOURNAL 2021; 108:556-562. [PMID: 34674588 DOI: 10.1177/03008916211053382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a major complication after chimeric-antigen receptor T-cell treatment, characterized by an uncontrolled systemic inflammatory reaction. We investigated the potential role of diclofenac in the management of CRS in five pediatric patients treated for relapsed/refractory B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia. METHODS In case of persistent fever with fever-free intervals shorter than 3 hours, diclofenac continuous infusion was initiated, at the starting dose of 0.5 mg/Kg/day, the lowest effective pediatric dose in our experience, possibly escalated up to 1 mg/Kg/day, as per institutional guidelines. RESULTS CRS occurred at a median of 20 hours (range 8-27) after tisagenlecleucel infusion. Diclofenac was started at a median of 20 hours (range 13-33) after fever onset. A mean of 3.07 febrile peaks without diclofenac and 0.95 with diclofenac were reported (p = 0.02). Clinical benefit was achieved by hampering the progression of tachypnea and tachycardia. Despite fever control, CRS progressed in four of the five patients, and hypotension requiring vasopressors and fluid retention, as well as hypoxia, occurred. Vasopressors were followed by 1-2 doses of tocilizumab (one in patient 2 and two in patients 3, 4, and 5), plus steroids in patients 4 and 5. CONCLUSION Based on a limited number of patients, diclofenac leads to better fever control, which translates into symptom relief and improvement of tachycardia, but could not prevent the progression of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Napolitano
- Hematology-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Pediatric Department, and Monza and Brianza Foundation for Children and their Mums, San Gerardo Hospital, Lombardia, Monza, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ottaviano
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology Unit, University College of London, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Bettini
- Tettamanti Laboratory, Monza and Brianza Foundation for Children and their Mums, Monza, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Russotto
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, University Hospital San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Sonia Bonanomi
- Hematology-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Pediatric Department, and Monza and Brianza Foundation for Children and their Mums, San Gerardo Hospital, Lombardia, Monza, Italy
| | - Attilio Rovelli
- Hematology-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Pediatric Department, and Monza and Brianza Foundation for Children and their Mums, San Gerardo Hospital, Lombardia, Monza, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Hematology-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Pediatric Department, and Monza and Brianza Foundation for Children and their Mums, San Gerardo Hospital, Lombardia, Monza, Italy.,University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberto Rona
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, University Hospital San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Adriana Balduzzi
- Hematology-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Pediatric Department, and Monza and Brianza Foundation for Children and their Mums, San Gerardo Hospital, Lombardia, Monza, Italy.,University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Can Ö, Kıyan GS, Yalçınlı S. Comparison of intravenous ibuprofen and paracetamol in the treatment of fever: A randomized double-blind study. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 46:102-106. [PMID: 33740568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fever is one of the frequent reasons for admission to the emergency department. Studies comparing oral forms of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and paracetamol with intravenous (IV) forms for fever are common in the literature. Our study is the first emergency department study comparing IV forms of ibuprofen and paracetamol in the treatment of febrile patients. METHODS A randomized, double-blind study was conducted in a tertiary university emergency department for a six-month period. Patients aged 18-65 years who had a fever of ≥38.0 °C were included. Patients were administered 400 mg of IV ibuprofen and 1000 mg of IV paracetamol. The primary aim of the study was to determine whether there was a difference in the effect of the two drugs on fever. The secondary aim was to investigate whether there was a difference in terms of numeric rating scale (NRS) measurements and the need for additional antipyretic therapy. RESULTS A total of 200 people, 100 of whom were female, were included in the study. The mean age was 30.77 ± 10.61 years. The mean initial temperature for ibuprofen and paracetamol was 38.79 ± 0.470 °C and 38.70 ± 0.520 °C, respectively, with no difference noted between the groups (p = 0.380). It was found that both drugs significantly provided fever control in the first 30 min (p < 0.001), with no difference between them in terms of fever reduction (p = 0.980). Both drugs significantly improved in accompanying symptoms, although both drugs did not show superiority to each other (p = 0.0226). When evaluated in terms of a need for rescue medication, no significant difference was found between the two drugs (p = 0.404). No side effects were encountered during the study. CONCLUSION In adult age group patients admitted to the emergency department with high fever, the IV forms of 1000 mg paracetamol and 400 mg ibuprofen effectively and equally reduce complaints, such as fever and accompanying pain. They can be effectively used as each other's rescue medicine and as an alternative to each other in patients with comorbid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Can
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
| | | | - Sercan Yalçınlı
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
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Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Spyridaki A, Savva A, Georgitsi M, Tsaganos T, Mouktaroudi M, Raftogiannis M, Antonopoulou A, Papaziogas V, Baziaka F, Sereti K, Christopoulos P, Marioli A, Kanni T, Maravitsa P, Pantelidou I, Leventogiannis K, Tsiaoussis P, Lymberopoulou K, Koutelidakis IM. Intravenous paracetamol as an antipyretic and analgesic medication: the significance of drug metabolism. J Pharmacol Sci 2014; 124:144-52. [PMID: 24553403 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.13133fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
One prospective, open-label, non-randomized study was conducted in 100 patients to define the antipyretic and analgesic effect of a new intravenous formulation of 1 g of paracetamol; 71 received paracetamol for the management of fever and 29 received paracetamol for pain relief after abdominal surgery or for neoplastic pain. Serial follow-up measurements of core temperature and of pain intensity were done for 6 h. Additional rescue medications were recorded for 5 days. Blood was sampled for the measurement of free paracetamol (APAP) and of glucuronide-APAP and N-sulfate-APAP by an HPLC assay. Defervescence, defined as core temperature below or equal to 37.1°C, was achieved in 52 patients (73.2%) within a median time of 3 h. Patients failing to become afebrile with the first dose of paracetamol became afebrile when administered other agents as rescue medications. Analgesia was achieved in 25 patients (86.4%) within a median time of 2 h. Serum levels of glucuronide-APAP were greater among non-responders to paracetamol. The presented results suggest that the intravenous formulation of paracetamol is clinically effective depending on drug metabolism.
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