1
|
Pogue BW, Zhu TC, Ntziachristos V, Wilson BC, Paulsen KD, Gioux S, Nordstrom R, Pfefer TJ, Tromberg BJ, Wabnitz H, Yodh A, Chen Y, Litorja M. AAPM Task Group Report 311: Guidance for performance evaluation of fluorescence-guided surgery systems. Med Phys 2024; 51:740-771. [PMID: 38054538 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The last decade has seen a large growth in fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) imaging and interventions. With the increasing number of clinical specialties implementing FGS, the range of systems with radically different physical designs, image processing approaches, and performance requirements is expanding. This variety of systems makes it nearly impossible to specify uniform performance goals, yet at the same time, utilization of different devices in new clinical procedures and trials indicates some need for common knowledge bases and a quality assessment paradigm to ensure that effective translation and use occurs. It is feasible to identify key fundamental image quality characteristics and corresponding objective test methods that should be determined such that there are consistent conventions across a variety of FGS devices. This report outlines test methods, tissue simulating phantoms and suggested guidelines, as well as personnel needs and professional knowledge bases that can be established. This report frames the issues with guidance and feedback from related societies and agencies having vested interest in the outcome, coming from an independent scientific group formed from academics and international federal agencies for the establishment of these professional guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian W Pogue
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Timothy C Zhu
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Brian C Wilson
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Keith D Paulsen
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Sylvain Gioux
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Robert Nordstrom
- Cancer Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - T Joshua Pfefer
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Bruce J Tromberg
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Arjun Yodh
- Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maritoni Litorja
- Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun H, Yang W, Ong Y, Busch TM, Zhu TC. Fractionated Photofrin-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Significantly Improves Long-Term Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5682. [PMID: 38067385 PMCID: PMC10705090 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15235682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of fractionated (two-part) PDT on the long-term local control rate (LCR) using the concentration of reactive oxygen species ([ROS]rx) as a dosimetry quantity. Groups with different fractionation schemes are examined, including a 2 h interval between light delivery sessions to cumulative fluences of 135, 180, and 225 J/cm2. While the total treatment time remains constant within each group, the division of treatment time between the first and second fractionations are explored to assess the impact on long-term survival at 90 days. In all preclinical studies, Photofrin is intravenously administered to mice at a concentration of 5 mg/kg, with an incubation period between 18 and 24 h before the first light delivery session. Fluence rate is fixed at 75 mW/cm2. Treatment ensues via a collimated laser beam, 1 cm in diameter, emitting light at 630 nm. Dosimetric quantities are assessed for all groups along with long-term (90 days) treatment outcomes. This study demonstrated a significant improvement in long-term survival after fractionated treatment schemes compared to single-fraction treatment, with the optimal 90-day survival increasing to 63%, 86%, and 100% vs. 20%, 25%, and 50%, respectively, for the three cumulative fluences. The threshold [ROS]rx for the optimal scheme of fractionated Photofrin-mediated PDT, set at 0.78 mM, is significantly lower than that for the single-fraction PDT, at 1.08 mM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjing Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (H.S.); (W.Y.); (T.M.B.)
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Weibing Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (H.S.); (W.Y.); (T.M.B.)
| | - Yihong Ong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (H.S.); (W.Y.); (T.M.B.)
| | - Theresa M. Busch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (H.S.); (W.Y.); (T.M.B.)
| | - Timothy C. Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (H.S.); (W.Y.); (T.M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Saha P, Rafe MR. Cyclodextrin: A prospective nanocarrier for the delivery of antibacterial agents against bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19287. [PMID: 37662769 PMCID: PMC10472013 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry introduces us to the macrocyclic host cyclodextrin, which has a hydrophobic cavity. The hydrophobic cavity has a higher affinity for hydrophobic guest molecules and forms host-guest complexation with non-covalent interaction. Three significant cyclodextrin kinds are α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, and γ-cyclodextrin. The most often utilized is β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). An effective weapon against bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics is cyclodextrin. Several different kinds of cyclodextrin nanocarriers (β-CD, HP-β-CD, Meth-β-CD, cationic CD, sugar-grafted CD) are utilized to enhance the solubility, stability, dissolution, absorption, bioavailability, and permeability of the antibiotics. Cyclodextrin also improves the effectiveness of antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides, metallic nanoparticles, and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Again, cyclodextrin nanocarriers offer slow-release properties for sustained-release formulations where steady-state plasma antibiotic concentration is needed for an extended time. A novel strategy to combat bacterial resistance is a stimulus (pH, ROS)-responsive antibiotics released from cyclodextrin carrier. Once again, cyclodextrin traps autoinducer (AI), a crucial part of bacterial quorum sensing, and reduces virulence factors, including biofilm formation. Cyclodextrin helps to minimize MIC in particular bacterial strains, keep antibiotic concentrations above MIC in the infection site and minimize the possibility of antibiotic and biofilm resistance. Sessile bacteria trapped in biofilms are more resistant to antibiotic therapy than bacteria in a planktonic form. Cyclodextrin also involves delivering antibiotics to biofilm and resistant bacteria to combat bacterial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pranoy Saha
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rajdoula Rafe
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cancer therapy by antibody-targeted Cerenkov light and metabolism-selective photosensitization. J Control Release 2022; 352:25-34. [PMID: 36243234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective cancer treatment option, but it suffers from penetration limit of light, making it available only for superficial and endoscopically accessible cancers. Recently, there have been reports that Cerenkov luminescence originated from radioisotopes can be utilized as an excitation source for PDT without external light illumination. Here, cancer-selective agents, i.e., (1) clinically available 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), which promotes cancer metabolism-specific accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), and (2) 64Cu-DOTA-trastuzumab, which has HER2-expressing cancer selective uptake, are separately applied as a photosensitizer and an in situ radiator, respectively, to potentiate tumor-specific Cerenkov luminescence energy transfer (CLET) from 64Cu to PpIX for high-precision PDT of cancer. It is shown that the combinational administration and tumor colocalization of 5-ALA and 64Cu-DOTA-trastuzumab exert significant in vitro cytotoxicity (cell viability <9%) as well as in vivo antitumor effects (tumor volume ratio of 0.50 on 14 days post-injection) on HER2-expressing breast and gastric cancer models. This study proves that high-precision treatment regimen using dual-targeted CLET-based PDT is feasible for HER2-expressing cancers. Furthermore, the results offer great potential for clinical translation to the dual-targeted CLET-based PDT because the treatment regimen uses components, 5-ALA and 64Cu-DOTA-trastuzumab, which are already in clinical uses.
Collapse
|
5
|
Legabão BC, Fernandes JA, de Oliveira Barbosa GF, Bonfim-Mendonça PS, Svidzinski TI. The zoonosis sporotrichosis can be successfully treated by photodynamic therapy: A scoping review. Acta Trop 2022; 228:106341. [PMID: 35131203 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sporotrichosis is a worldwide zoonosis, prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in human and feline cases reported in Brazil. Despite this, the antifungal treatment for sporotrichosis is still limited, and thus, research into new therapeutic modalities must be encouraged. Recently, photodynamic therapy has been introduced as a treatment for sporotrichosis. This work presents an overview of both in vitro and in vivo studies that have used photodynamic therapy in the context of photoinactivation of Sporothrix species. Until now, as far as the authors are aware, this is the first scope review specifically on photodynamic therapy for the treatment of sporotrichosis. A systematic electronic search was conducted in two databases: Web of Science and PubMed. Seven original articles published from 2010 to July 2021 were selected, six of which met the proposed inclusion and exclusion criteria and were considered in this scoping review. Concerning the photoinactivation of Sporothrix spp. the results have been promising as studies, in both animals and humans, have reported significant clinical and mycological effects. The most used photosensitizers were methylene blue and its derivatives, and aminolevulinic acid and its methyl derivative, methyl aminolevulinic acid. In conclusion, photodynamic therapy has great potential in treatment of sporotrichosis, as its fungicidal effect both in vitro and in vivo has clearly been demonstrated. Photodynamic therapy could be used in conjunction with classic antifungal agents to optimize treatment outcomes.
Collapse
|
6
|
Development of Novel Tetrapyrrole Structure Photosensitizers for Cancer Photodynamic Therapy. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9020082. [PMID: 35200435 PMCID: PMC8868602 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9020082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) is based on the triad effects of photosensitizer (PS), molecular oxygen and visible light on malignant tumors. Such complex induces a multifactorial manner including reactive-oxygen-species-mediated damage and the killing of cells, vasculature damage of the tumor, and activation of the organism immunity. The effectiveness of PDT depends on the properties of photosensitizing drugs, their selectivity, enhanced photoproduction of reactive particles, absorption in the near infrared spectrum, and drug delivery strategies. Photosensitizers of the tetrapyrrole structure (porphyrins) are widely used in PDT because of their unique diagnostic and therapeutic functions. Nevertheless, the clinical use of the first-generation PS (sodium porfimer and hematoporphyrins) revealed difficulties, such as long-term skin photosensitivity, insufficient penetration into deep-seated tumors and incorrect localization to it. The second generation is based on different approaches of the synthesis and conjugation of porphyrin PS with biomolecules, which made it possible to approach the targeted PDT of tumors. Despite the fact that the development of the second-generation PS started about 30 years ago, these technologies are still in demand and are in intensive development, especially in the direction of improving the process of optimization split linkers responsive to input. Bioconjugation and encapsulation by targeting molecules are among the main strategies for developing of the PS synthesis. A targeted drug delivery system with the effect of increased permeability and retention by tumor cells is one of the ultimate goals of the synthesis of second-generation PS. This review presents porphyrin PS of various generations, discusses factors affecting cellular biodistribution and uptake, and indicates their role as diagnostic and therapeutic (theranostic) agents. New complexes based on porphyrin PS for photoimmunotherapy are presented, where specific antibodies are used that are chemically bound to PS, absorbing light from the near infrared part of the spectrum. Additionally, a two-photon photodynamic approach using third-generation photosensitizers for the treatment of tumors is discussed, which indicates the prospects for the further development of a promising method antitumor PDT.
Collapse
|
7
|
Tzani MA, Gioftsidou DK, Kallitsakis MG, Pliatsios NV, Kalogiouri NP, Angaridis PA, Lykakis IN, Terzidis MA. Direct and Indirect Chemiluminescence: Reactions, Mechanisms and Challenges. Molecules 2021; 26:7664. [PMID: 34946744 PMCID: PMC8705051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Emission of light by matter can occur through a variety of mechanisms. When it results from an electronically excited state of a species produced by a chemical reaction, it is called chemiluminescence (CL). The phenomenon can take place both in natural and artificial chemical systems and it has been utilized in a variety of applications. In this review, we aim to revisit some of the latest CL applications based on direct and indirect production modes. The characteristics of the chemical reactions and the underpinning CL mechanisms are thoroughly discussed in view of studies from the very recent bibliography. Different methodologies aiming at higher CL efficiencies are summarized and presented in detail, including CL type and scaffolds used in each study. The CL role in the development of efficient therapeutic platforms is also discussed in relation to the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and singlet oxygen (1O2) produced, as final products. Moreover, recent research results from our team are included regarding the behavior of commonly used photosensitizers upon chemical activation under CL conditions. The CL prospects in imaging, biomimetic organic and radical chemistry, and therapeutics are critically presented in respect to the persisting challenges and limitations of the existing strategies to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina A. Tzani
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Dimitra K. Gioftsidou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Michael G. Kallitsakis
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Nikolaos V. Pliatsios
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Natasa P. Kalogiouri
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Panagiotis A. Angaridis
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Ioannis N. Lykakis
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Michael A. Terzidis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Sindos Campus, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ogawa M, Takakura H. Photoimmunotherapy: A new cancer treatment using photochemical reactions. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 43:116274. [PMID: 34139484 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is a new molecular-targeted phototherapy in which administration of an antibody conjugated to IR700 (Ab-IR700, a phthalocyanine derivative) is followed by irradiation with near-infrared light. PIT induces cell death due to cell membrane damage, and the formation of IR700 aggregates on the cell membrane triggered by photochemical reactions is an important mechanism of cell killing. Specifically, water-soluble axial ligands of IR700 are cleaved by the photochemical reaction, and the phthalocyanine stacks up due to the π-π interaction, resulting in the formation of aggregates. In addition, the formation of IR700 radical anions and their protonation are essential for the progress of this photochemical reaction. The elucidation of these mechanisms may lead to the development of more effective compounds in the future. In addition, the optical properties of phthalocyanine are expected to expand the medical application of phthalocyanine derivatives in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikako Ogawa
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Hideo Takakura
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kur’yanova AS, Solov’eva AB, Glagolev NN, Aksenova NA, Timashev PS. Effect of the Wavelength and Intensity of Excitation Light on the Efficiency of Photogeneration of Singlet Oxygen by Photodithazine in the Presence of Pluronic F127 in Model Processes of Photo-Oxidation. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024421060170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
10
|
Sahoo S, Raghavan A, Kumar A, Nandi D, Chakravarty AR. Biotin‐Appended Iron(III) Complexes of Curcumin for Targeted Photo‐Chemotherapy. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202001174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somarupa Sahoo
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Abinaya Raghavan
- Department of Biochemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Dipankar Nandi
- Department of Biochemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Akhil R. Chakravarty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jiang C, Zhao H, Xiao H, Wang Y, Liu L, Chen H, Shen C, Zhu H, Liu Q. Recent advances in graphene-family nanomaterials for effective drug delivery and phototherapy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 18:119-138. [PMID: 32729733 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1798400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Owing to the unique properties of graphene, including large specific surface area, excellent thermal conductivity, and optical absorption, graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs) have attracted extensive attention in biomedical applications, particularly in drug delivery and phototherapy. AREAS COVERED In this review, we point out several challenges involved in the clinical application of GFNs. Then, we provide an overview of the most recent publications about GFNs in biomedical applications, including diverse strategies for improving the biocompatibility, specific targeting and stimuli-responsiveness of GFNs for drug delivery, codelivery of drug and gene, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and multimodal combination therapy. EXPERT OPINION Although the application of GFNs is still in the preclinical stage, rational modification of GFNs with functional elements or making full use of GFNs-based multimodal combination therapy might show great potential in biomedicine for clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyue Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Huoji Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Southern Medical University , 510315, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wei C, Li X. The Role of Photoactivated and Non-Photoactivated Verteporfin on Tumor. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:557429. [PMID: 33178014 PMCID: PMC7593515 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.557429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Verteporfin (VP) has long been clinically used to treat age-related macular degeneration (AMD) through photodynamic therapy (PDT). Recent studies have reported a significant anti-tumor effect of VP as well. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a pro-tumorigenic factor that is aberrantly expressed in various cancers and is a central effector of the Hippo signaling pathway that regulates organ size and tumorigenesis. VP can inhibit YAP without photoactivation, along with suppressing autophagy, and downregulating germinal center kinase-like kinase (GLK) and STE20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase (SPAK). In addition, VP can induce mitochondrial damage and increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon photoactivation, and is an effective photosensitizer (PS) in anti-tumor PDT. We have reviewed the direct and adjuvant therapeutic action of VP as a PS, and its YAP/TEA domain (TEAD)-dependent and independent pharmacological effects in the absence of light activation against cancer cells and solid tumors. Based on the present evidence, VP may be repositioned as a promising anti-cancer chemotherapeutic and adjuvant drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changran Wei
- Department of The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangqi Li
- Department of The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Synthesis of Pluronic-based silver nanoparticles/methylene blue nanohybrids: Influence of the metal shape on photophysical properties. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 114:110987. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
14
|
Ogura A, Ichii N, Shibata K, Takao KI. Red-Light-Mediated Barton–McCombie Reaction. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Ogura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Naoki Ichii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kouhei Shibata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Takao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu Y, Xu Y, Geng X, Huo Y, Chen D, Sun K, Zhou G, Chen B, Tao K. Synergistic Targeting and Efficient Photodynamic Therapy Based on Graphene Oxide Quantum Dot-Upconversion Nanocrystal Hybrid Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800293. [PMID: 29665272 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Locating nanotherapeutics at the active sites, especially in the subcellular scale, is of great importance for nanoparticle-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) and other nanotherapies. However, subcellular targeting agents are generally nonspecific, despite the fact that the accumulation of a nanoformulation at active organelles leads to better therapeutic efficacy. A PDT nanoformulation is herein designed by using graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) with rich functional groups as both the supporter for dual targeting modification and the photosensitizer for generating reactive oxygen species, and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNs) as the transducer of excitation light. A tumor-targeting agent, folic acid, and a mitochondrion-targeting moiety, carboxybutyl triphenylphosphonium, are simultaneously attached onto the UCNs-GOQDs hybrid nanoparticles by surface modification, and a synergistic targeting effect is obtained for these nanoparticles according to both in vitro and in vivo experiments. More significant cell death and a higher extent of mitochondrion damage are observed compared to the results of UCNs-GOQDs nanoparticles with no or just one targeting moiety. Furthermore, the PDT efficacy on tumor-bearing mice is also effectively improved. Overall, the current work presents a synergistic strategy to enhance subcellular targeting and the PDT efficacy for cancer therapy, which may also shed light on other kinds of nanotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yawen Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200235, P. R. China
| | - Xiangshuai Geng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Yingying Huo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200235, P. R. China
| | - Dexin Chen
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kang Sun
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200235, P. R. China
| | - Biqiong Chen
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AH, UK
| | - Ke Tao
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gheewala T, Skwor T, Munirathinam G. Photosensitizers in prostate cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30524-30538. [PMID: 28430624 PMCID: PMC5444762 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for new therapeutics for the treatment of prostate cancer is ongoing with a focus on the balance between the harms and benefits of treatment. New therapies are being constantly developed to offer treatments similar to radical therapies, with limited side effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising strategy in delivering focal treatment in primary as well as post radiotherapy prostate cancer. PDT involves activation of a photosensitizer (PS) by appropriate wavelength of light, generating transient levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several photosensitizers have been developed with a focus on treating prostate cancer like mTHPC, motexafin lutetium, padoporfin and so on. This article will review newly developed photosensitizers under clinical trials for the treatment of prostate cancer, along with the potential advantages and disadvantages in delivering focal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taher Gheewala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Troy Skwor
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Rockford University, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Rockford, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hu Z, Zhang H, Mordovanakis A, Paulus YM, Liu Q, Wang X, Yang X. High-precision, non-invasive anti-microvascular approach via concurrent ultrasound and laser irradiation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40243. [PMID: 28074839 PMCID: PMC5225605 DOI: 10.1038/srep40243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Antivascular therapy represents a proven strategy to treat angiogenesis. By applying synchronized ultrasound bursts and nanosecond laser irradiation, we developed a novel, selective, non-invasive, localized antivascular method, termed photo-mediated ultrasound therapy (PUT). PUT takes advantage of the high native optical contrast among biological tissues and can treat microvessels without causing collateral damage to the surrounding tissue. In a chicken yolk sac membrane model, under the same ultrasound parameters (1 MHz at 0.45 MPa and 10 Hz with 10% duty cycle), PUT with 4 mJ/cm2 and 6 mJ/cm2 laser fluence induced 51% (p = 0.001) and 37% (p = 0.018) vessel diameter reductions respectively. With 8 mJ/cm2 laser fluence, PUT would yield vessel disruption (90%, p < 0.01). Selectivity of PUT was demonstrated by utilizing laser wavelengths at 578 nm or 650 nm, where PUT selectively shrank veins or occluded arteries. In a rabbit ear model, PUT induced a 68.5% reduction in blood perfusion after 7 days (p < 0.001) without damaging the surrounding cells. In vitro experiments in human blood suggested that cavitation may play a role in PUT. In conclusion, PUT holds significant promise as a novel non-invasive antivascular method with the capability to precisely target blood vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zizhong Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Haonan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Institute of Acoustics, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Aghapi Mordovanakis
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yannis M Paulus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Qinghuai Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xueding Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xinmai Yang
- Bioengineering Research Center and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Effect of photodynamic therapy with two photosensitizers on Candida albicans. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 158:267-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
19
|
Zhang Z, Wen JY, Lv BB, Li X, Ying X, Wang YJ, Zhang HT, Wang H, Liu HY, Chang CK. Photocytotoxicity and G-quadruplex DNA interaction of water-soluble gallium(III) tris(N
-methyl-4-pyridyl)corrole complex. Appl Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 PR China
| | - Jin-Yan Wen
- Department of Chemistry; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 PR China
| | - Biao-Biao Lv
- Department of Applied Physics; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 PR China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Guang Dong Medical University; Zhanjiang 524023 PR China
| | - Xiao Ying
- Department of Applied Physics; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 PR China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Guang Dong Medical University; Zhanjiang 524023 PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Guang Dong Medical University; Zhanjiang 524023 PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Materials and Technologies; Sun-Yat Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Hai-Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Materials and Technologies; Sun-Yat Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - C.-K. Chang
- Department of Chemistry; Michigan State University; E. Lansing MI 48824 USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Roche ET, Fabozzo A, Lee Y, Polygerinos P, Friehs I, Schuster L, Whyte W, Casar Berazaluce AM, Bueno A, Lang N, Pereira MJN, Feins E, Wasserman S, O’Cearbhaill ED, Vasilyev NV, Mooney DJ, Karp JM, del Nido PJ, Walsh CJ. A light-reflecting balloon catheter for atraumatic tissue defect repair. Sci Transl Med 2015; 7:306ra149. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa2406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
21
|
Kimura T, Takatsuki S, Miyoshi S, Takahashi M, Ogawa E, Katsumata Y, Nishiyama T, Nishiyama N, Tanimoto Y, Aizawa Y, Arai T, Fukuda K. Optimal conditions for cardiac catheter ablation using photodynamic therapy. Europace 2015; 17:1309-15. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euu335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
22
|
Sun ZZ, Wei HY, Wang GQ, Zhou ZJ, He JH, Wang J, Luo SZ. Preparation and the biodistribution study of [131I]-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin and 5-(4-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3269-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
23
|
Bancirova M. The tea protection against the reactive oxygen species produced via the photodynamic effect induced by daylight. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
24
|
Abstract
According to recent advances in nanotechnology, various nano-sized formulations have been designed for the application in biomedical fields, including diagnosis, drug delivery, and therapeutics. The nanotechnology-based formulations have a great merit in the design of multifunctional platform for the biomedical applications. Therefore, recent trends in nanotechnology are moving onto the combination of nanotechnology and conventional therapeutic. Typically, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of promising techniques for the combination with nanotechnology owing to its less invasiveness. In this paper, we are going to briefly review recent advances in nanotechnology-based PDT, including selective delivery and excitation of photosensitizers, combination therapy, and multifunctional PDT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jae Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Woo-Dong Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Guo H, Sun S. Lanthanide-doped upconverting phosphors for bioassay and therapy. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:6692-6706. [PMID: 23001049 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr31967e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped fluorescent materials have gained increasing attention in recent years due to their unique luminescence properties which have led to their use in wide-ranging fields including those of biological applications. Aside from being used as agents for in vivo imaging, lanthanide-doped fluorescent materials also present many advantages for use in bioassays and therapy. In this review, we summarize the applications of lanthanide-doped up-converting phosphors (UCPs) in protein and gene detection, as well as in photodynamic and gene therapy in recent years, and outline their future potential in biological applications. The current report could serve as a reference for researchers in relevant fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huichen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Benachour H, Sève A, Bastogne T, Frochot C, Vanderesse R, Jasniewski J, Miladi I, Billotey C, Tillement O, Lux F, Barberi-Heyob M. Multifunctional Peptide-conjugated hybrid silica nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy and MRI. Theranostics 2012; 2:889-904. [PMID: 23082101 PMCID: PMC3475218 DOI: 10.7150/thno.4754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging theranostic modality for various cancer as well as non-cancer diseases. Its efficiency is mainly based on a selective accumulation of PDT and imaging agents in tumor tissue. The vascular effect is widely accepted to play a major role in tumor eradication by PDT. To promote this vascular effect, we previously demonstrated the interest of using an active- targeting strategy targeting neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), mainly over-expressed by tumor angiogenic vessels. For an integrated vascular-targeted PDT with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of cancer, we developed multifunctional gadolinium-based nanoparticles consisting of a surface-localized tumor vasculature targeting NRP-1 peptide and polysiloxane nanoparticles with gadolinium chelated by DOTA derivatives on the surface and a chlorin as photosensitizer. The nanoparticles were surface-functionalized with hydrophilic DOTA chelates and also used as a scaffold for the targeting peptide grafting. In vitro investigations demonstrated the ability of multifunctional nanoparticles to preserve the photophysical properties of the encapsulated photosensitizer and to confer photosensitivity to MDA-MB-231 cancer cells related to photosensitizer concentration and light dose. Using binding test, we revealed the ability of peptide-functionalized nanoparticles to target NRP-1 recombinant protein. Importantly, after intravenous injection of the multifunctional nanoparticles in rats bearing intracranial U87 glioblastoma, a positive MRI contrast enhancement was specifically observed in tumor tissue. Real-time MRI analysis revealed the ability of the targeting peptide to confer specific intratumoral retention of the multifunctional nanoparticles.
Collapse
|
27
|
Mulrooey CA, O'Brien EM, Morgan BJ, Kozlowski MC. Perylenequinones: Isolation, Synthesis, and Biological Activity. European J Org Chem 2012; 2012:3887-3904. [PMID: 24039544 PMCID: PMC3770481 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The perylenequinones are a novel class of natural products characterized by pentacyclic conjugated chromophore giving rise to photoactivity. Potentially useful light-activated biological activity, targeting protein kinase C (PKC), has been identified for several of the natural products. Recently discovered new members of this class of compound, as well as several related phenanthroperylenequinones, are reviewed. Natural product modifications that improve biological profiles, and avenues for the total synthesis of analogs, which are not available from the natural product series, are outlined. An overview of structure/function relationships is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Mulrooey
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
ALLEN CYNTHIAM, SHARMAN WESLEYM, VAN LIER JOHANE. Current status of phthalocyanines in the photodynamic therapy of cancer. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jpp.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is a binary treatment now accepted in clinic for various malignancies in several countries around the world. Phthalocyanine molecules are second-generation photosensitizers with enhanced photophysical and photochemical properties over those of porphyrins. They have been shown to be phototoxic against a number of cell types and tumor models. A great deal of research has been devoted to the elucidation of their mechanism of action and mode of cell death. The present paper reviews phthalocyanine pre-clinical anti-cancer research with emphasis on phthalocyanine induced apoptosis using a silicon phthalocyanine, Pc 4. A brief summary of the latest clinical results using phthalocyanines is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- CYNTHIA M. ALLEN
- MRC Group in the Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - WESLEY M. SHARMAN
- MRC Group in the Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - JOHAN E. VAN LIER
- MRC Group in the Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Huang P, Xu C, Lin J, Wang C, Wang X, Zhang C, Zhou X, Guo S, Cui D. Folic Acid-conjugated Graphene Oxide loaded with Photosensitizers for Targeting Photodynamic Therapy. Theranostics 2011; 1:240-50. [PMID: 21562631 PMCID: PMC3092447 DOI: 10.7150/thno/v01p0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 352] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an alternative and promising noninvasive treatment for cancer as well as non-cancer diseases, which involves the uptake of photosensitizers (PSs) by cancer cells followed by irradiation. The use of nanomaterials as carriers of PSs is a very promising approach to improve the development of PDT in clinical medicine. In this study, a novel folic acid-conjugated graphene oxide (GO) was strategically designed and prepared as targeting drug delivery system to achieve higher specificity. The second generation photosensitizer (PS) Chlorin e6 (Ce6) was effectively loaded into the system via hydrophobic interactions and π-π stacking. The nanocarriers can significantly increase the accumulation of Ce6 in tumor cells and lead to a remarkable photodynamic efficacy on MGC803 cells upon irradiation. These suggested that folic acid-conjugated GO loaded Ce6 had great potential as effective drug delivery system in targeting PDT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daxiang Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Fabrication Technology, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education, Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Daayana S, Winters U, Stern PL, Kitchener HC. Clinical and immunological response to photodynamic therapy in the treatment of vulval intraepithelial neoplasia. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2011; 10:802-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c0pp00344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
31
|
Bonstein T, Mikulski LM, Bush MA, Bush PJ. Photoactivated disinfection of Streptococcus intermedius through dentin disc at clinically relevant intervals: an in vitro study. Arch Oral Biol 2010; 55:771-7. [PMID: 20705280 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Revised: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this present study we have tested the impact of porfimer sodium (Photofrin, AXCAN PHARMA Inc., Quebec, Canada) photoactivated disinfection (PD) on cells of Streptococcus intermedius in suspension. In order to provide basic data to support future clinical studies of PD in dentistry the study used exposure to Quartz-tungsten-halogen (QTH) dental curing light for clinically relevant time periods to activate Photofrin and measured its effectiveness under a variety of conditions including activation through dentin hard tissue. S. intermedius was grown in planktonic suspension for 48h. Nine groups were formed: three control groups (1-3) and six experimental groups (4-9). Groups 4-6 tested the use of Photofrin treatment combined with QTH light at various intervals of irradiation (5, 15 and 60s). Groups 7-9 were similar to groups 4-6 with the exception that irradiation commenced through a dentin disc. Following treatment, bacteria were plated. Colony counts were measured following 72h incubation at 37 degrees C. Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way ANOVA at a 95% confidence level. A significant reduction in S. intermedius colony counts was observed for all experimental groups and one control group. The reduction in numbers of colonies in the experimental groups varied from 79.28 to 99.40% with an average of 94.61%. Reduction in viable bacterial cells indicated a strong relationship between power density and irradiation interval. When curing light energy density was lower due to the irradiation through the 1mm dentin disc, prolonged irradiation interval enhanced bacterial kill. In conclusion, where direct irradiation is not possible for PD treatment, irradiation through dentin may still be done successfully within a clinically relevant interval.
Collapse
|
32
|
Ethirajan M, Chen Y, Joshi P, Pandey RK. The role of porphyrin chemistry in tumor imaging and photodynamic therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 40:340-62. [PMID: 20694259 DOI: 10.1039/b915149b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1418] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years several review articles and books have been published on the use of porphyrin-based compounds in photodynamic therapy (PDT). This critical review is focused on (i) the basic concept of PDT, (ii) advantages of long-wavelength absorbing photosensitizers (PS), (iii) a brief discussion on recent advances in developing PDT agents, and (iv) the various synthetic strategies designed at the Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, for developing highly effective long-wavelength PDT agents and their utility in constructing the conjugates with tumor-imaging and therapeutic potential (Theranostics). The clinical status of certain selected PDT agents is also summarized (205 references).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manivannan Ethirajan
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Das T, Chakraborty S, Sarma HD, Banerjee S, Venakatesh M. A novel 177Lu-labeled porphyrin for possible use in targeted tumor therapy. Nucl Med Biol 2010; 37:655-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2010.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
34
|
Joyce LE, Aguirre JD, Angeles-Boza AM, Chouai A, Fu PKL, Dunbar KR, Turro C. Photophysical Properties, DNA Photocleavage, and Photocytotoxicity of a Series of Dppn Dirhodium(II,II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:5371-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ic100588d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Joyce
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J. Dafhne Aguirre
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | | | - Abdellatif Chouai
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Patty K.-L. Fu
- Governors State University, University Park, Illinois 60484
| | - Kim R. Dunbar
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Weagle G, Gupta A, Bérubé G, Chapados C. Evaluation of in vivo biological activities of tetrapyrrole ethanolamides as novel anticancer agents. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2010; 100:44-50. [PMID: 20580888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2010.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2008] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The tetrapyrrole ethanolamide derivatives, hematoporphyrin propylether ethanolamide (HPPEEA, 1) and pheophorbide a ethanolamide (PEA, 2) have previously shown some photodynamic activities in an in vitro photodynamic assay (D. Girard et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 18 (2008) 360-365). Extending this study to an in vivo one, HPPEEA and PEA were evaluated for their anticancer, toxicity, and pharmacokinetic activities in mouse animal models. The compounds showed moderate anticancer activity without apparent acute toxicity and without secondary tumour development. This indicates noteworthy anti-metastasis activity. The pharmacokinetic study revealed the compound fast clearances from body tissues. This is an important therapeutic concern since these compounds are light sensitive. Thus, the combination of photodynamic and anti-metastasis activities with fast tissue clearance indicates that HPPEEA and PEA are good candidates for further photodynamic treatment evaluations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glenn Weagle
- Département de Chimie-biologie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada G9A 5H7
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nakamura T, Tamura A, Murotani H, Oishi M, Jinji Y, Matsuishi K, Nagasaki Y. Large payloads of gold nanoparticles into the polyamine network core of stimuli-responsive PEGylated nanogels for selective and noninvasive cancer photothermal therapy. NANOSCALE 2010; 2:739-746. [PMID: 20648319 DOI: 10.1039/b9nr00329k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A biocompatible photothermal nanomedicine based on a PEGylated nanogel containing gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in a cross-linked network core of stimuli-responsive poly[2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PEAMA) gel for cancer photothermal therapy (PTT) was prepared through the reduction of Au(iii) ions without any reducing agents. The influence of the reduction conditions, such as pH, temperature, and N/Au ratio (molar ratio of the amino groups in the PEGylated nanogel to the Au(iii) ions), on the formation of the GNPs in the stimuli-responsive PEAMA gel core (reducing environment) was also studied. Note that the PEGylated nanogel containing GNPs prepared at pH 6, 60 degrees C and N/Au = 1 (PEGylated GNG (1)) was found to have the highest GNP-loading capacity with a diameter of about 8 nm, as observed by TEM; viz., about 27 GNPs formed in a single PEAMA gel core. PEGylated GNG (1) showed a remarkable photothermal efficacy (DeltaT = 7.7 degrees C) under irradiation with Ar ion (Ar(+)) laser (514.5 nm) at a fluence of 39 W cm(-2) for 6 min (14 kJ cm(-2)). Note that PEGylated GNG (1) showed non-cytotoxicity in the absence of irradiation with Ar(+) laser (480 microg mL(-1): > 90% cell viability), whereas pronounced cytotoxicity (IC(50) = 110 microg mL(-1)) was observed for PEGylated GNG (1) under irradiation with Ar(+) laser at a fluence of 26 W cm(-2) for 5 min (7.8 kJ cm(-2)), because of the heat-generation from the GNPs in the cells, which resulted in selective and noninvasive cancer PTT. Thus, PEGylated GNG (1), which has a high GNP-loading capacity, would be a promising nanomedicine for cancer PTT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Nakamura
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Peng CL, Yang LY, Luo TY, Lai PS, Yang SJ, Lin WJ, Shieh MJ. Development of pH sensitive 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate based nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:155103. [PMID: 20332561 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/15/155103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is an effective treatment for tumors that involves the administration of light-activated photosensitizers. However, most photosensitizers are insoluble and non-specific. To target the acid environment of tumor sites, we synthesized three poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate-co-2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate (PEGMA-co-DPA) copolymers capable of self-assembly to form pH sensitive nanoparticles in an aqueous environment, as a means of encapsulating the water-insoluble photosensitizer, meso-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (m-THPC). The critical aggregation pH of the PEGMA-co-DPA polymers was 5.8-6.6 and the critical aggregation concentration was 0.0045-0.0089 wt% at pH 7.4. Using solvent evaporation, m-THPC loaded nanoparticles were prepared with a high drug encapsulation efficiency (approximately 89%). Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy revealed the spherical shape and 132 nm diameter of the nanoparticles. The in vitro release rate of m-THPC at pH 5.0 was faster than at pH 7.0 (58% versus 10% m-THPC released within 48 h, respectively). The in vitro photodynamic therapy efficiency was tested with the HT-29 cell line. m-THPC loaded PEGMA-co-DPA nanoparticles exhibited obvious phototoxicity in HT-29 colon cancer cells after light irradiation. The results indicate that these pH sensitive nanoparticles are potential carriers for tumor targeting and photodynamic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Liang Peng
- Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, PO Box 3-27, Longtan, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Samkoe KS, Chen A, Rizvi I, O'Hara JA, Hoopes PJ, Pereira SP, Hasan T, Pogue BW. Imaging tumor variation in response to photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer xenograft models. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010; 76:251-9. [PMID: 20005458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Revised: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A treatment monitoring study investigated the differential effects of orthotopic pancreatic cancer models in response to interstitial photodynamic therapy (PDT), and the validity of using magnetic resonance imaging as a surrogate measure of response was assessed. METHODS AND MATERIALS Different orthotopic pancreatic cancer xenograft models (AsPC-1 and Panc-1) were used to represent the range of pathophysiology observed in human beings. Identical dose escalation studies (10, 20, and 40J/cm) using interstitial verteporfin PDT were performed, and magnetic resonance imaging with T2-weighted and T1-weighted contrast were used to monitor the total tumor volume and the vascular perfusion volume, respectively. RESULTS There was a significant amount of necrosis in the slower-growing Panc-1 tumor using high light dose, although complete necrosis was not observed. Lower doses were required for the same level of tumor kill in the faster-growing AsPC-1 cell line. CONCLUSIONS The tumor growth rate and vascular pattern of the tumor affect the optimal PDT treatment regimen, with faster-growing tumors being relatively easier to treat. This highlights the fact that therapy in human beings shows a heterogeneous range of outcomes, and suggests a need for careful individualized treatment outcomes assessment in clinical work.
Collapse
|
39
|
Záruba K, Králová J, Řezanka P, Poučková P, Veverková L, Král V. Modified porphyrin–brucine conjugated to gold nanoparticles and their application in photodynamic therapy. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:3202-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c002823a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
40
|
Morgan BJ, Dey S, Johnson SW, Kozlowski MC. Design, synthesis, and investigation of protein kinase C inhibitors: total syntheses of (+)-calphostin D, (+)-phleichrome, cercosporin, and new photoactive perylenequinones. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:9413-25. [PMID: 19489582 DOI: 10.1021/ja902324j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The total syntheses of the PKC inhibitors (+)-calphostin D, (+)-phleichrome, cercosporin, and 10 novel perylenequinones are detailed. The highly convergent and flexible strategy developed employed an enantioselective oxidative biaryl coupling and a double cuprate epoxide opening, allowing the selective syntheses of all the possible stereoisomers in pure form. In addition, this strategy permitted rapid access to a broad range of analogues, including those not accessible from the natural products. These compounds provided a powerful means for evaluation of the perylenequinone structural features necessary to PKC activity. Simpler analogues were discovered with superior PKC inhibitory properties and superior photopotentiation in cancer cell lines relative to the more complex natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ashur I, Goldschmidt R, Pinkas I, Salomon Y, Szewczyk G, Sarna T, Scherz A. Photocatalytic generation of oxygen radicals by the water-soluble bacteriochlorophyll derivative WST11, noncovalently bound to serum albumin. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:8027-37. [PMID: 19545111 DOI: 10.1021/jp900580e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Light-induced radical generation is the hallmark of fundamental processes and many applications including photosynthesis and photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this manuscript, we present two novel observations made upon monitoring light-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aqueous solutions by WST11, a water-soluble derivative of the photosynthetic pigment Bacteriochlorophyll a (Bchl). Using a host of complementary experimental techniques including time-resolved spectroscopy at the subpicosecond to the millisecond range, ESR spectroscopy, electrochemistry, spectroelectrochemistry, oximetry, and protein mass spectroscopy, we first show that in aqueous solutions WST11 generates only superoxide (O(2)(-*)) and hydroxyl (OH*) radicals with no detectable traces of singlet oxygen. Second, we show that WST11 makes a noncovalent complex with human serum albumin (HSA) and that this complex functions as a photocatalytic oxidoreductase at biologically relevant concentrations enabling approximately 15 cycles of electron transfer from the associated HSA protein to molecular oxygen in the solution. These findings rule out the paradigm that porphyrin and chlorophyll based PDT is mainly mediated by formation of singlet oxygen, particularly in vascular targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) with sensitizers that undergo photoactivation during circulation in the plasma, like [Pd]-Bacteriopheophorbide (WST09, Tookad). At the same time, our findings open the way for new design paradigms of novel sensitizers, since O(2)(-*) and OH* radicals are well-recognized precursors of important pathophysiological processes that can be activated for achieving tumor eradication. Moreover, the finding that promiscuous protein scaffolds become sinks for holes and electrons when holding light-activated pigments provides a new insight to the evolution and action mechanism of natural light activated oxidoreductases (such as photosynthetic reaction centers) and new guidelines for the preparation of synthetic-light converting machineries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Idan Ashur
- Department of Plant Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kulinich AV, Ishchenko AA. Merocyanine dyes: synthesis, structure, properties and applications. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2009. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2009v078n02abeh003900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
43
|
Sun Y, Chen ZL, Yang XX, Huang P, Zhou XP, Du XX. Magnetic chitosan nanoparticles as a drug delivery system for targeting photodynamic therapy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:135102. [PMID: 19420486 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/13/135102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become an increasingly recognized alternative to cancer treatment in clinic. However, PDT therapy agents, namely photosensitizer (PS), are limited in application as a result of prolonged cutaneous photosensitivity, poor water solubility and inadequate selectivity, which are encountered by numerous chemical therapies. Magnetic chitosan nanoparticles provide excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity and water solubility without compromising their magnetic targeting. Nevertheless, no previous attempt has been reported to develop an in vivo magnetic drug delivery system with chitosan nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) monitored targeting photodynamic therapy. In this study, magnetic targeting chitosan nanoparticles (MTCNPs) were prepared and tailored as a drug delivery system and imaging agents for PS, designated as PHPP. Results showed that PHPP-MTCNPs could be used in MRI monitored targeting PDT with excellent targeting and imaging ability. Non-toxicity and high photodynamic efficacy on SW480 carcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo were achieved with this method at the level of 0-100 microM. Notably, localization of nanoparticles in skin and hepatic tissue was significantly less than in tumor tissue, therefore photosensitivity and hepatotoxicity can be attenuated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Chemistry and Biology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Pharmacokinetic, toxicological and phototherapeutic studies of phthalocyanine ZnPcCF3. Biomed Pharmacother 2009; 63:209-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2008.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Accepted: 01/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
45
|
de Oliveira KT, Silva AM, Tomé AC, Neves MG, Neri CR, Garcia VS, Serra OA, Iamamoto Y, Cavaleiro JA. Synthesis of new amphiphilic chlorin derivatives from protoporphyrin-IX dimethyl ester. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
46
|
O'Brien E, Morgan B, Kozlowski M. Dynamic Stereochemistry Transfer in a Transannular Aldol Reaction: Total Synthesis of Hypocrellin A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:6877-80. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200800734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
47
|
Abstract
Cancer is an ever-increasing menace that needs to be curbed soon. Though chemotherapy is successful to some extent, the main drawbacks of chemotherapy is the limited accessibility of drugs to the tumor tissues requiring high doses, their intolerable toxicity, development of multiple drug resistance and their non-specific targeting. Nanoparticles (NPs), an evolution of nanotechnology, have the potential to successfully address these problems related to drug delivery and retention and are considered potential candidates to carry drugs to the desired site of therapeutic action. In this review, we give an overview of the use of clinically applicable NPs mainly for cancer therapy. We also focus on the different types of nanoscale polymer carriers used for the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents and the mechanisms that facilitate their targeted delivery to tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suphiya Parveen
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Dynamic Stereochemistry Transfer in a Transannular Aldol Reaction: Total Synthesis of Hypocrellin A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200800734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
49
|
Plaetzer K, Krammer B, Berlanda J, Berr F, Kiesslich T. Photophysics and photochemistry of photodynamic therapy: fundamental aspects. Lasers Med Sci 2008; 24:259-68. [PMID: 18247081 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-008-0539-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 533] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2007] [Accepted: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality for cancer and various other diseases. The clinical protocol covers the illumination of target cells (or tissue), which have been loaded with a photoactive drug (photosensitizer). In this review we describe the photophysical and primary photochemical processes that occur during PDT. Interaction of light with tissue results in attenuation of the incident light energy due to reflectance, absorption, scattering, and refraction. Refraction and reflection are reduced by perpendicular light application, whereas absorption can be minimized by the choice of a photosensitizer that absorbs in the far red region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Interaction of light and the photosensitizer can result in degradation, modification or relocalization of the drug, which differently affect the effectiveness of PDT. Photodynamic therapy itself, however, employs the light-induced chemical reactions of the activated photosensitizer (triplet state), resulting in the production of various reactive oxygen species, amongst them singlet oxygen as the primary photochemical product. Based on these considerations, the properties of an ideal photosensitizer for PDT are discussed. According to the clinical experience with PDT, it is proposed that the innovative concept of PDT is most successfully implemented into the mainstream of anticancer therapies by following an application-, i.e. tumor-centered approach with a focus on the actual clinical requirements of the respective tumor type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Plaetzer
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Studies on Zn(II) monohydroxyphenyl mesoporphyrinic complexes: Synthesis and characterization. JOURNAL OF THE SERBIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2008. [DOI: 10.2298/jsc0807713b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of four Zn(II) complexes with asymmetrical porphyrinic ligands were synthesized: [5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenyl-21H,23H-porphinato]Zn(II) (Zn(II)TPPOHP), [5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenyl-21H,23H- -porphinato]Zn(II) (Zn(II)TPPOHM), [5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenyl- -21H,23H-Zn(II)-porphinato]Zn(II) (Zn(II)TPPOHO) and the well-known (5,10,15,20- -tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphinato]Zn(II) (Zn(II)TPP) as reference, in a 1:1 mole ratio. In all cases, the free-base porphyrin served as a tetradentate ligand through the four pyrrole nitrogen atoms. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, which fully confirmed the structure of the complexes. UV-Vis showed that the spectral absorption of the four complexes was blue-shifted by at least 50 nm compared to that of the free ligands. Also important structural data were obtained from several different NMR experiments (including 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, COSY, HMBC and HMQC). Influences of external substituents on the porphyrin ring were observed. .
Collapse
|