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Almalki AH, Abduljabbar MH, Alzhrani RM, Alosaimi ME, Serag A. Determination of valsartan and pitavastatin using synchronous spectrofluorimetry and augmented least squares chemometric models: A comparative study with greenness and blueness assessment. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4803. [PMID: 38880967 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension and hyperlipidemia are two common conditions that require effective management to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Among the medications commonly used for the treatment of these conditions, valsartan and pitavastatin have shown significant efficacy in lowering blood pressure and cholesterol levels, respectively. In this study, synchronous spectrofluorimetry coupled to chemometric analysis tools, specifically concentration residual augmented classical least squares (CRACLS) and spectral residual augmented classical least squares (SRACLS), was employed for the determination of valsartan and pitavastatin simultaneously. The developed models exhibited excellent predictive performance with relative root mean square error of prediction (RRMSEP) of 2.253 and 2.1381 for valsartan and pitavastatin, respectively. Hence, these models were successfully applied to the analysis of synthetic samples and commercial formulations as well as plasma samples with high accuracy and precision. Besides, the greenness and blueness profiles of the determined samples were also evaluated to assess their environmental impact and analytical practicability. The results demonstrated excellent greenness and blueness scores with AGREE score of 0.7 and BAGI score of 75 posing the proposed method as reliable and sensitive approach for the determination of valsartan and pitavastatin with potential applications in pharmaceutical quality control, bioanalytical studies, and therapeutic drug monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiah H Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Addiction and Neuroscience Research Unit, Health Science Campus, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maram H Abduljabbar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rami M Alzhrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal E Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Serag
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Nasr City, Egypt
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Song H, Qiu B, Sun X, Guo C, Hu Y, Bai W, Dong Z. Effect of High-Fat Meal on the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Valsartan/Amlodipine Fixed Dose Combination Tablets in Healthy Subjects. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:43-51. [PMID: 38225972 PMCID: PMC10789575 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s423374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a high-fat meal on the pharmacokinetics and safety of 80/5 mg valsartan/amlodipine tablets in healthy subjects. Subjects and Methods These results were derived from a bioequivalence trial where subjects were randomly assigned to take valsartan/amlodipine 80/5mg under fed conditions or after a high-fat meal contained 978.6 kilocalories (54.6% from fat). The blood samples were collected and plasma concentrations of valsartan/amlodipine were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The non-compartmental module of Phoenix WinNonlin Version 8.2 was used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters. The BE module of WinNonLin was used to analyze the statistics of the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), the area under the concentration-time curve from zero to the last quantifiable time point (AUC0-t), and the area under the concentration-time curve from zero to infinity(AUC0-∞) in plasma. 88 healthy subjects were enrolled and divided into in a fasted group and a fed group. Results The Cmax, AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞ of valsartan in plasma under fed conditions were 51%, 56%, and 57% lower, respectively, than those under fasted conditions, and the 90% confidence interval (90% CI) were outside the 80.00-125.00% range. All the pharmacokinetic parameters for amlodipine under fed conditions were similar to those observed under fasted conditions, and the 90% CIs were within the 80.00-125.00% range. The incidence of treatment emergent adverse events (TEAE) was similar between the fasted group and the fed group, while adverse drug reaction (ADR) was more frequent in the fasted group which may be related to the higher blood concentrations of valsartan, but all were mild. Conclusion The result indicated that the high-fat meal had a significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of valsartan, but no effect on amlodipine. All treatments were safe and well tolerated in healthy subjects under fed and fasted conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojing Song
- Department of Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Sun
- Department of Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caihui Guo
- Department of Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiting Hu
- Department of Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanjun Bai
- Department of Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhanjun Dong
- Department of Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China
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Li Y, Qiu J, Gao Y, Li G. Case report: reuse of tirofiban leads to very severe thrombocytopenia. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1130552. [PMID: 37273872 PMCID: PMC10235486 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1130552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Telofiban is a class of small molecule non-peptide tyrosine derivatives containing RGD sequences. It is the only platelet surface glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist (GPI) currently marketed in China. In patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) who receive percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with a heavy thrombotic load, postoperative intravenous tirofiban can prevent complications of myocardial ischemia due to sudden coronary artery occlusion. With the increase in the clinical use of tirofiban, the number of adverse reactions related to thrombocytopenia induced by tirofiban has gradually increased. Still, most of them have thrombocytopenia after the first use. We report one case of very severe thrombocytopenia following the reuse of tirofiban. Case summary A 65-year-old man of Han nationality, 170 cm in height, 85 kg in weight, and 29.4 BMI, suffered from cerebral infarction 13 years ago and left with right limb movement disorder. Five days before this hospitalization, the patient underwent PCI, and three stents were implanted. After the operation, anti-platelet tirofiban and nadroparin calcium were given, and no thrombocytopenia was found. The patient still retains 80% stenosis due to anterior descending branches and plans to undergo PCI again half a month later. The patient with a history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, and cerebral infarction usually took 100 mg of aspirin and 75 mg of clopidogrel, antiplatelet therapy, and had no history of food and drug allergy. One day after discharge, the patient suddenly felt chest tightness and wheezing. The laboratory showed hypersensitivity troponin 2.85 ng/ml (normal 0-0.0268 ng/ml), and the admission ECG showed ST-T changes in leads I, aVL, V5-V6. On the 6th day of hospitalization, PCI was performed, a stent was implanted in the proximal section of the anterior descending branch opening, and tirofiban(10 ug/kg, 3 min bolus, then 0.1 ug/kg/min) antiplatelet therapy was given after surgery. About 10 min after the tirofiban infusion, the patient suddenly shivered, accompanied by convulsions, accompanied by elevated body temperature (up to 39.4°C), accompanied by epistaxis and microscopic hematuria. An urgent blood test showed that the platelets dropped to 1 × 109/L, tirofiban and aspirin stopped immediately, and the antiplatelet therapy of clopidogrel was retained. After infusion of methylprednisolone sodium succinate and gamma globulin, the patient's platelets gradually recovered, and the patient was successfully discharged seven days later in stable condition. Conclusion This case is typical of severe thrombocytopenia caused by reusing tirofiban. This case may provide new insights into: 1. Patients who did not have thrombocytopenia after the first use of tirofiban may still have extremely severe thrombocytopenia after re-exposure to tirofiban. Routine platelet count monitoring and early identification of thrombocytopenia are the essential links. 2. Thrombocytopenia caused by re-exposure to tirofiban may have a faster onset, deeper degree, and slower recovery due to antibodies retained after the first exposure to tirofiban; 3. Platelet transfusions may not be necessary for patients with severe thrombocytopenia; 4. Immunosuppressants help suppress the body's immune response, promote platelet recovery, and can be reduced or discontinued when platelets rise and may be safe; 5. After tirofiban for PCI, continuing the maintenance dose of clopidogrel may be safe if the patient has no significant bleeding events.
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Akhgari A, Nosrati F, Rahmanian-Devin P, Hadizadeh F, Sardou HS, Kamali H. Enhancement of Valsartan Dissolution Rate by the Increased Porosity of Pellets Using Supercritical CO2: Optimization via Central Composite Design. J Pharm Innov 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-022-09685-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Transition Metal Catalyzed Hiyama Cross-Coupling: Recent Methodology Developments and Synthetic Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27175654. [PMID: 36080422 PMCID: PMC9458230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hiyama cross-coupling is a versatile reaction in synthetic organic chemistry for the construction of carbon-carbon bonds. It involves the coupling of organosilicons with organic halides using transition metal catalysts in good yields and high enantioselectivities. In recent years, hectic progress has been made by researchers toward the synthesis of diversified natural products and pharmaceutical drugs using the Hiyama coupling reaction. This review emphasizes the recent synthetic developments and applications of Hiyama cross-coupling.
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Analysis of charge-transfer complexes caused by the interaction of the antihypertensive drug valsartan with several acceptors in CH2Cl2 and CHCl3 solvents and correlations between their spectroscopic parameters. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Vu O, Bender BJ, Pankewitz L, Huster D, Beck-Sickinger AG, Meiler J. The Structural Basis of Peptide Binding at Class A G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010210. [PMID: 35011444 PMCID: PMC8746363 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest membrane protein family and a significant target class for therapeutics. Receptors from GPCRs’ largest class, class A, influence virtually every aspect of human physiology. About 45% of the members of this family endogenously bind flexible peptides or peptides segments within larger protein ligands. While many of these peptides have been structurally characterized in their solution state, the few studies of peptides in their receptor-bound state suggest that these peptides interact with a shared set of residues and undergo significant conformational changes. For the purpose of understanding binding dynamics and the development of peptidomimetic drug compounds, further studies should investigate the peptide ligands that are complexed to their cognate receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oanh Vu
- Deparment of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (B.J.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Brian Joseph Bender
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (B.J.B.); (L.P.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Lisa Pankewitz
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (B.J.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Daniel Huster
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Department, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16–18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Annette G. Beck-Sickinger
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Jens Meiler
- Deparment of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (B.J.B.); (L.P.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Leipzig University Medical Center, Institute for Drug Discovery, Departments of Chemistry and Computer Science, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Józó M, Simon N, Yi L, Móczó J, Pukánszky B. Improved Release of a Drug with Poor Water Solubility by Using Electrospun Water-Soluble Polymers as Carriers. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:34. [PMID: 35056930 PMCID: PMC8780061 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In an attempt to improve the solubility of valsartan, a BCS II drug, fibers containing the drug were prepared from three water-soluble polymers, hydroxypropyl-methyl-cellulose (HPMC), polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA). Fiber spinning technology was optimized for each polymer separately. The polymers contained 20 wt% of the active component. The drug was homogenously distributed within the fibers in the amorphous form. The presence of the drug interfered with the spinning process only slightly, the diameters of the fibers were in the same range as without the drug for the HPMC and the PVA fibers, while it doubled in PVP. The incorporation of the drug into the fibers increased its solubility in all cases compared to that of the neat drug. The solubility of the drug itself depends very much on pH and this sensitivity remained the same in the HPMC and PVP fibers; the release of the drug is dominated by the dissolution behavior of valsartan itself. On the other hand, solubility and the rate of release were practically independent of pH in the PVA fibers. The different behavior is explained by the rate of the dissolution of the respective polymer, which is larger for HPMC and PVP, and smaller for PVA than the dissolution rate of the drug. The larger extent of release compared to neat valsartan can be explained by the lack of crystallinity of the drug, its better dispersion, and the larger surface area of the fibers. Considering all facts, the preparation of electrospun devices from valsartan and water-soluble polymers is beneficial, and the use of PVA is more advantageous than that of the other two polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Józó
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (M.J.); (N.S.); (L.Y.); (B.P.)
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, ELKH Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1519 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Simon
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (M.J.); (N.S.); (L.Y.); (B.P.)
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, ELKH Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1519 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lan Yi
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (M.J.); (N.S.); (L.Y.); (B.P.)
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, ELKH Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1519 Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Móczó
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (M.J.); (N.S.); (L.Y.); (B.P.)
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, ELKH Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1519 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Pukánszky
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (M.J.); (N.S.); (L.Y.); (B.P.)
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, ELKH Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1519 Budapest, Hungary
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Prieto C, Evtoski Z, Pardo-Figuerez M, Hrakovsky J, Lagaron JM. Nanostructured Valsartan Microparticles with Enhanced Bioavailability Produced by High-Throughput Electrohydrodynamic Room-Temperature Atomization. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:2947-2958. [PMID: 34181413 PMCID: PMC8494385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The high-throughput drying and encapsulation
technique called electrospraying
assisted by pressurized gas (EAPG) was used for the first time to
produce nanostructured valsartan within microparticles of excipients.
Valsartan, a poorly absorbed and lipid-soluble drug, was selected
since it is considered a good model for BCS class II drugs. Two different
polymeric matrices were selected as excipients, i.e., hydroxypropyl
methylcellulose (HPMC) and lactose monohydrate, while Span 20 was
used as a surfactant. The produced 80% valsartan loading formulations
were characterized in terms of morphology, crystallinity, in vitro release, in vitro Caco-2 cells’
permeability, and in vivo pharmacokinetic study.
Spherical microparticles of ca. 4 μm were obtained
within which valsartan nanoparticles were seen to range from 150 to
650 nm. Wide-angle X-ray scattering and differential scanning calorimetry
confirmed that valsartan had a lower and/or more ill-defined crystallinity
than the commercial source, and photon correlation spectroscopy and
transmission electron microscopy proved that it was dispersed and
distributed in the form of nanoparticles of controlled size. In vitro dissolution tests showed that the HPMC formulation
with the lowest API particle size, i.e., 150 nm, dissolved 2.5-fold
faster than the commercial valsartan in the first 10 min. This formulation
also showed a 4-fold faster in vitro permeability
than the commercial valsartan and a 3-fold higher systemic exposure
than the commercial sample. The results proved the potential of the
EAPG processing technique for the production of safe-to-handle microparticles
containing high quantities of a highly dispersed and distributed nanonized
BCS class II model drug with enhanced bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Prieto
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Zoran Evtoski
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Pardo-Figuerez
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.,Bioinicia R&D Department, Bioinicia S.L., Calle Algepser 65 nave 3, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Hrakovsky
- R&D Finished Dosage Forms, Zakłady Farmaceutyczne Polpharma SA, ul. Pelplińska 19, 83-200 Starogard Gdański, Poland
| | - Jose M Lagaron
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
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Trunov D, Francisco Wilson J, Ježková M, Šrom O, Beranek J, Dammer O, Šoóš M. Monitoring of particle sizes distribution during Valsartan precipitation in the presence of nonionic surfactant. Int J Pharm 2021; 600:120515. [PMID: 33774163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Particle size is a key parameter when dealing with drug particle formation, delivery or dissolution. The correct measurement of particle size depends on various factors, such as sample preparation or dilution, but also on the choice of method for its characterization. In this work, we study the process of precipitation of poorly water-soluble drug Valsartan from supersaturated solution in the presence of nonionic surfactant Tween 20. Several techniques including dynamic light scattering (DLS) operated in several measuring modes, optical microscope (OM) and static light scattering (SLS) were used to analyze the kinetics of particle formation. As concluded by the results, the increase in turbidity of the solution seriously limits the application of classical DLS to properly measure the particle size and polydispersity. One way to get around this restriction is by dilution, which however results in a decrease in the size of Valsartan particles in the studied population. In contrast, here we present for a first time technique based on modulated 3D cross correlation DLS equipped with the sample goniometer to determine size of submicron particles of the drug in highly turbid solutions. Additionally, a modified OM was used to measure micron-sized particles for samples without any dilution in a continuous mode. Measured particle sizes combined with measured Valsartan concentration allowed us to identify mechanism responsible for the particle formation from supersaturated solutions. The main mechanism, as it is shown in this work, is covering surface of precipitate particles by the amount of used Tween 20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Trunov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Czech Republic.
| | - Jose Francisco Wilson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Ježková
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Šrom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Beranek
- Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 102 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Dammer
- Zentiva, k.s., U Kabelovny 130, 102 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Šoóš
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6 - Dejvice, Czech Republic.
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Wu Q, Wang X, Chen Q, Zou Y, Xu X, Li T, Yu C, Zhu F, Zhang KE, Jia J, Liu Y. Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Two Formulations of Valsartan 80 mg Capsules: A Randomized, Single Dose, 4-Period Crossover Study in Healthy Chinese Volunteers Under Fasting and Fed Conditions. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4221-4230. [PMID: 33116410 PMCID: PMC7567554 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s253078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To compare the bioequivalence of two formulations of valsartan (80 mg capsules) under fasting and fed conditions in healthy Chinese volunteers using a full-replicate study design. Methods A total of 78 Subjects were randomly assigned to fasting cohort (n = 48) or fed cohort (n = 30). Each cohort includes 4 single-dose observation periods and 3-day washout periods. Blood samples were collected at designed time point. Plasma concentration of valsartan was analyzed by a validated LC-MS/MS method. Noncompartmental analysis method was employed to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters. Based on the within-subject standard deviation (SWR) of the reference formulation, either reference-scaled average bioequivalence (RSABE) or average bioequivalence (ABE) method was used to evaluate the bioequivalence of the two formulations. Results Under fasting conditions, the RSABE method was used to evaluate the bioequivalence of Cmax (SWR>0.294), while ABE method was used to evaluate the bioequivalence of AUC0-t and AUC0-∞. The geometric mean ratio (GMR) of the test/reference for Cmax was 99.52%, and the 95% upper confidence bound was <0. For AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ comparisons, GMRs were 102.07% and 101.92%, and the 90% CIs of the test/reference were 96.28%–108.21%, 96.28%–107.88%, respectively. Under fed conditions, the SWR value of Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ all exceeded the cutoff value of 0.294 and therefore, the RSABE method was used. The GMRs for Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ were 98.78%, 103.33% and 103.08%, respectively, while the 95% upper confidence bound values were all <0. These results all met the bioequivalence criteria for highly variable drugs. All adverse events were mild and transient. Conclusion In this study, the generic formulation of valsartan 80 mg capsule was considered to be bioequivalent to the reference product under both fasting and fed conditions, and satisfied the requirements for marketing in China. NMPA Registration No CTR20181422.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wu
- Center Laboratory, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Phase I Clinical Research & Quality Consistency Evaluation for Drugs, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Changzhou Siyao Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- Center Laboratory, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Phase I Clinical Research & Quality Consistency Evaluation for Drugs, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zou
- Center Laboratory, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Phase I Clinical Research & Quality Consistency Evaluation for Drugs, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Center Laboratory, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Phase I Clinical Research & Quality Consistency Evaluation for Drugs, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Li
- Center Laboratory, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Phase I Clinical Research & Quality Consistency Evaluation for Drugs, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Yu
- Center Laboratory, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Phase I Clinical Research & Quality Consistency Evaluation for Drugs, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu Zhu
- Center Laboratory, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Phase I Clinical Research & Quality Consistency Evaluation for Drugs, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Jingying Jia
- Center Laboratory, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Phase I Clinical Research & Quality Consistency Evaluation for Drugs, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Liu
- Center Laboratory, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Phase I Clinical Research & Quality Consistency Evaluation for Drugs, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Sarkar C, Mondal M, Torequl Islam M, Martorell M, Docea AO, Maroyi A, Sharifi-Rad J, Calina D. Potential Therapeutic Options for COVID-19: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:572870. [PMID: 33041814 PMCID: PMC7522523 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.572870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented challenge for the researchers to offer safe, tolerable, and effective treatment strategies for its causative agent known as SARS-CoV-2. With the rapid evolution of the pandemic, even the off-label use of existing drugs has been restricted by limited availability. Several old antivirals, antimalarial, and biological drugs are being reconsidered as possible therapies. The effectiveness of the controversial treatment options for COVID-19 such as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, angiotensin 2 conversion enzyme inhibitors and selective angiotensin receptor blockers was also discussed. A systemic search in the PubMed, Science Direct, LitCovid, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, and ClinicalTrials.gov data bases was conducted using the keywords "coronavirus drug therapy," passive immunotherapy for COVID-19', "convalescent plasma therapy," (CPT) "drugs for COVID-19 treatment," "SARS-CoV-2," "COVID-19," "2019-nCoV," "coronavirus immunology," "microbiology," "virology," and individual drug names. Systematic reviews, case presentations and very recent clinical guidelines were included. This narrative review summarizes the available information on possible therapies for COVID-19, providing recent data to health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science School, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj (Dhaka), Bangladesh
| | - Milon Mondal
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science School, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj (Dhaka), Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepción, Chile
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Alfred Maroyi
- Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
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13
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Zong S, Wang J, Huang X, Wang T, Liu Q, Tian B, Xie C, Hao H. Molecular evolution pathways during nucleation of small organic molecules: solute-rich pre-nucleation species enable control over the nucleation process. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:18663-18671. [PMID: 32794537 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03493b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that nucleation pathways involving disordered pre-nucleation species exist in the nucleation process of many types of solid state products, especially inorganic solid state products. Studying the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of these pre-nucleation species is crucial to understand and control the nucleation process of solid state products. In this work, the evolution pathway of molecular or supramolecular structures during the nucleation process was investigated by using 2-cyano-4'-methylbiphenyl (OTBN) as a model compound. In the resultant solutions, similar pre-nucleation clusters were analyzed and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). It was found that the clusters were disordered and liquid-like and did not represent any of the known OTBN condensed phases. They were of interest since they may be the key sites for the formation of new crystal nuclei of OTBN. It was demonstrated that the change in the solvation effect would drive the pre-nucleation clusters to exhibit very different structures. How the clusters vary with concentration and temperature, and how they differ before and after nucleation have been systematically studied. In addition, the molecular dynamics of the evolution of clusters, the effect of initial mixing process on clusters and the nucleation dynamics were also investigated. The results suggested that the pre-nucleation clusters played a key role in the process of crystallization of organic small molecules, indicating that the dynamics of nucleation could be regulated by changing the structure and size of the pre-nulceation clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Zong
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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14
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Zhang W, Veisi H, Sharifi R, Salamat D, Karmakar B, Hekmati M, Hemmati S, Zangeneh MM, Zhang Z, Su Q. Fabrication of Pd NPs on pectin-modified Fe 3O 4 NPs: A magnetically retrievable nanocatalyst for efficient C-C and C-N cross coupling reactions and an investigation of its cardiovascular protective effects. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 160:1252-1262. [PMID: 32485247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present report represents the synthesis of a novel Pd NPs immobilized over a natural polysaccharide (pectin) coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanocomposite material (Fe3O4@pectin/Pd) for investigating the cardiovascular protective effects. The biomolecular functionalization not only stabilizes the ferrite nanoparticles from agglomeration but also provides an environment for the biogenic reduction of Pd2+ ions. This protocol is a promising breakthrough for the synthesis of a quasi-heterogeneous catalyst, a bridge between heterogeneous and homogeneous medium. The structure, morphology and physicochemical properties of the material were characterized utilizing various analytical techniques like FT-IR, FE-SEM, TEM, VSM, EDX-elemental mapping, ICP, EDX and XPS. The catalyst showed excellent reactivity in C-C and C-N cross coupling reactions via Suzuki and Buchwald-Hartwig reactions respectively. An array of different biphenyls and aryl amines were then procured by reactions of various aryl halides with phenylboronic acid or secondary amines over the catalyst affording good to excellent yields. The catalyst was easily recoverable using an external magnet and thereafter recycled for several trials with insignificant palladium leaching or loss in catalytic performance. To investigate the cardiovascular protective activities of catalyst, the MTT assay was done on Human Aortic Endothelial Cells (HAEC), Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells (HCAEC), and Human Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells (HPAEC) cell lines. Nanocatalyst-treated cell cutlers significantly (p ≤ 0.01) decreased the caspase-3 activity, and DNA fragmentation. It raised the cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential in the high concentration of Mitoxantrone-treated HAEC, HCAEC, and HPAEC cells. According to the above findings, nanocatalyst can be administrated as a cardiovascular protective drug for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases after approving in the clinical trial studies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541000, China
| | - Hojat Veisi
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Sharifi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delafarin Salamat
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bikash Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Gobardanga Hindu College, 24-Parganas (North), India
| | - Malak Hekmati
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Hemmati
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Zangeneh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran; Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541000, China.
| | - Qiang Su
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, No. 15, Lequn Road, Xiufeng District, Guilin 541001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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15
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Biocatalysis as Useful Tool in Asymmetric Synthesis: An Assessment of Recently Granted Patents (2014–2019). Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9100802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The broad interdisciplinary nature of biocatalysis fosters innovation, as different technical fields are interconnected and synergized. A way to depict that innovation is by conducting a survey on patent activities. This paper analyses the intellectual property activities of the last five years (2014–2019) with a specific focus on biocatalysis applied to asymmetric synthesis. Furthermore, to reflect the inventive and innovative steps, only patents that were granted during that period are considered. Patent searches using several keywords (e.g., enzyme names) have been conducted by using several patent engine servers (e.g., Espacenet, SciFinder, Google Patents), with focus on granted patents during the period 2014–2019. Around 200 granted patents have been identified, covering all enzyme types. The inventive pattern focuses on the protection of novel protein sequences, as well as on new substrates. In some other cases, combined processes, multi-step enzymatic reactions, as well as process conditions are the innovative basis. Both industries and academic groups are active in patenting. As a conclusion of this survey, we can assert that biocatalysis is increasingly recognized as a useful tool for asymmetric synthesis and being considered as an innovative option to build IP and protect synthetic routes.
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16
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Dharani S, Kalaiarasi G, Sindhuja D, Lynch VM, Shankar R, Karvembu R, Prabhakaran R. Tetranuclear Palladacycles of 3-Acetyl-7-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one Derived Schiff Bases: Efficient Catalysts for Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling in an Aqueous Medium. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:8045-8055. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sivadasan Dharani
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Giriraj Kalaiarasi
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Dharmalingam Sindhuja
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, India
| | - Vincent M. Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Ramasamy Shankar
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Ramasamy Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, India
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17
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Sonochemical in situ immobilization of Pd nanoparticles on green tea extract coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles: An efficient and magnetically recyclable nanocatalyst for synthesis of biphenyl compounds under ultrasound irradiations. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 98:584-593. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Hashim Ali K, Mohsin Ansari M, Ali Shah F, Ud Din F, Abdul Basit M, Kim JK, Zeb A. Enhanced dissolution of valsartan-vanillin binary co-amorphous system loaded in mesoporous silica particles. J Microencapsul 2019; 36:10-20. [DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2019.1579265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khan Hashim Ali
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mohsin Ansari
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fawad Ali Shah
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Ud Din
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdul Basit
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jin-Ki Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Alam Zeb
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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19
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Saydam M, Takka S. Development and in vitro evaluation of pH-independent release matrix tablet of weakly acidic drug valsartan using quality by design tools. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 44:1905-1917. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1496450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Saydam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Takka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
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20
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Sable V, Maindan K, Bhilare S, Chrysochos N, Schulzke C, Kapdi AR. An Active Palladium Colloidal Catalyst for the Selective Oxidative Heterocoupling of (Hetero)Aryl Boronic Acids. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:2489-2498. [PMID: 29645360 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A highly selective oxidative heterocoupling protocol for (hetero)aryl boronic acids with an active palladium colloidal catalyst was developed. The judicious choice of electronically different aryl boronic acids made possible such couplings under mild conditions, with air as oxidant, while embracing a wide substrate scope. This successful approach further allowed the development of a unique one-pot sequential oxidative heterocoupling/Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling tandem process for accessing substituted terphenyls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Sable
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai-, 400019, India
| | - Karan Maindan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai-, 400019, India
| | - Shatrughn Bhilare
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai-, 400019, India
| | - Nicolas Chrysochos
- Institut für Biochemie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Carola Schulzke
- Institut für Biochemie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anant R Kapdi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai-, 400019, India
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21
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Abstract
Arylated products are found in various fields of chemistry and represent essential entities for many applications. Therefore, the formation of this structural feature represents a central issue of contemporary organic synthesis. By the action of electricity the necessity of leaving groups, metal catalysts, stoichiometric oxidizers, or reducing agents can be omitted in part or even completely. The replacement of conventional reagents by sustainable electricity not only will be environmentally benign but also allows significant short cuts in electrochemical synthesis. In addition, this methodology can be considered as inherently safe. The current survey is organized in cathodic and anodic conversions as well as by the number of leaving groups being involved. In some electroconversions the reagents used are regenerated at the electrode, whereas in other electrotransformations free radical sequences are exploited to afford a highly sustainable process. The electrochemical formation of the aryl-substrate bond is discussed for aromatic substrates, heterocycles, other multiple bond systems, and even at saturated carbon substrates. This survey covers most of the seminal work and the advances of the past two decades in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14 , 55128 Mainz , Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz , Staudingerweg 9 , 55128 Mainz , Germany.,Max Planck Graduate Center with Johannes Gutenberg University , Forum universitatis 2 , 55122 Mainz , Germany
| | - Sebastian Lips
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Maximilian Selt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14 , 55128 Mainz , Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz , Staudingerweg 9 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Barbara Riehl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Christopher J Kampf
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14 , 55128 Mainz , Germany.,Max Planck Graduate Center with Johannes Gutenberg University , Forum universitatis 2 , 55122 Mainz , Germany
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22
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Veisi H, Najafi S, Hemmati S. Pd(II)/Pd(0) anchored to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) modified with biguanidine-chitosan polymer as a novel nanocatalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 113:186-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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23
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Hari Balakrishnan M, Sathriyan K, Mannathan S. Nickel-Catalyzed Denitrogenative Cross-Coupling Reaction of 1,2,3-Benzotriazin-4(3H)-ones with Organoboronic Acids: An Easy Access to Ortho-Arylated and Alkenylated Benzamides. Org Lett 2018; 20:3815-3818. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kotturaja Sathriyan
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Subramaniyan Mannathan
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
- Department of Chemistry, SRM University-AP, Amaravati 522502, Andhra Pradesh, India
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24
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Zhao H, Xu X, Wu W, Zhang W, Zhang Y. Urea-based organocatalyst catalyzed direct C H bond arylations of unactivated arenes. CATAL COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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25
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Farzad E, Veisi H. Fe 3 O 4 /SiO 2 nanoparticles coated with polydopamine as a novel magnetite reductant and stabilizer sorbent for palladium ions: Synthetic application of Fe 3 O 4 /SiO 2 @PDA/Pd for reduction of 4-nitrophenol and Suzuki reactions. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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26
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Schiffl H, Bergner A. Angiotensin-II, Renal Anemia and Hyporesponsiveness to Recombinant Human Erythropoietin. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139889902201003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Schiffl
- Nephrology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Innenstadt, University of Munich - Germany
| | - A. Bergner
- Nephrology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Klinikum Innenstadt, University of Munich - Germany
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27
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Lovrić M, Tibi MM, Filipan M, Cepanec I, Litvić M. Simple and Efficient Large-scale Metal-free Synthesis of o-(5-Formyl-2-thienyl)benzonitrile and o-(5-Formyl-2-furyl)benzonitrile. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2018.1405334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Lovrić
- BELUPO Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Inc., R&D, Ulica Danica 5, 48 000 Koprivnica, Croatia
| | - Mohamed Majed Tibi
- BELUPO Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Inc., R&D, Ulica Danica 5, 48 000 Koprivnica, Croatia
| | - Mirela Filipan
- BELUPO Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Inc., R&D, Ulica Danica 5, 48 000 Koprivnica, Croatia
| | - Ivica Cepanec
- BELUPO Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Inc., R&D, Ulica Danica 5, 48 000 Koprivnica, Croatia
| | - Mladen Litvić
- BELUPO Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Inc., R&D, Ulica Danica 5, 48 000 Koprivnica, Croatia
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28
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Khazaei A, Khazaei M, Nasrollahzadeh M. Nano-Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 supported Pd(0) as a magnetically recoverable nanocatalyst for Suzuki coupling reaction in the presence of waste eggshell as low-cost natural base. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Kumar BS, Anbarasan R, Amali AJ, Pitchumani K. Isolable C@Fe3O4 nanospheres supported cubical Pd nanoparticles as reusable catalysts for Stille and Mizoroki-Heck coupling reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Sun N, Feng Y, Gao P, Chen X, Qi L, Zhang S, Dong Y, Yang X, Li X, Chen Y, Liu L. Efficacy and tolerability of once-daily 160 mg valsartan in Chinese patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:1109-1116. [PMID: 28450950 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present multicentre, prospective, open-label, single treatment arm study (Val-Perfect) examined the efficacy and tolerability of once-daily valsartan monotherapy (80 mg for two weeks, followed by 160 mg for eight weeks) in 195 Chinese patients with mild to moderate hypertension, using office, home, and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Significant mean reductions (P<0.0001) were observed in office BP from baseline to week 10, with mean sitting systolic BP (MSSBP) and mean sitting diastolic BP (MSDBP) values of 15.6±12.3 and 11.1±8.6 mmHg, respectively. The office BP control rate at week 10 was 56.9% (target MSSBP/MSDBP <130/80 mmHg for patients with type 2 diabetes or chronic kidney disease, <140/90 mmHg for others). Valsartan treatment significantly reduced mean 24-h SBP/DBP (-6.1/-4.4 mmHg; both P<0.0001) and mean home-monitored SBP/DBP (-13.3/-9.1 mmHg; both P<0.0001) at week 10. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) leading to discontinuation (1.5%) or drug-related AEs (3.1%) was low, with no instances of mortality or drug-related serious AEs. These results indicate that 160 mg valsartan is safe and effective at lowering BP in Chinese patients with mild to moderate hypertension. The significant reductions in office-based and out-of-office BP measures support the clinical relevance of moderate-dose valsartan monotherapy for effective 24-h BP control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningling Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Yingqing Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Pingjin Gao
- Department of Hypertension, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Litong Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yugang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xinchun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Xinli Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Lingli Liu
- Medical Affairs, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Beijing 100004, P.R. China
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31
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Biswas N. Modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles for enhancing oral bioavailability and antihypertensive activity of poorly water soluble valsartan. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 99:152-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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32
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Biswas N, Kuotsu K. Chronotherapeutically Modulated Pulsatile System of Valsartan Nanocrystals-an In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:349-357. [PMID: 26961969 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-016-0511-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to improve the dissolution of valsartan by developing valsartan nanocrystals and design a pulsed release system for the chronotherapy of hypertension. Valsartan nanocrystals were prepared by sonication-anti-solvent precipitation method and lyophilized to obtain dry powder. Nanocrystals were directly compressed to minitablets and coated to achieve pulsatile valsartan release. Pharmacokinetic profiles of optimized and commercial formulations were compared in rabbit model. The mean particle size and PDI of the optimized nanocrystal batch V4 was reported as 211 nm and 0.117, respectively. DSC and PXRD analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of valsartan in nanocrystals. The dissolution extent of valsartan was markedly enhanced with both nanocrystals and minitablets as compared to pure valsartan irrespective of pH of the medium. Core minitablet V4F containing 5% w/w polyplasdone XL showed quickest release of valsartan, over 90% within 15 min. Coated formulation CV4F showed two spikes in release profile after successive lag times of 235 and 390 min. The pharmacokinetic study revealed that the bioavailability of optimized formulation (72.90%) was significantly higher than the commercial Diovan tablet (30.18%). The accelerated stability studies showed no significant changes in physicochemical properties, release behavior, and bioavialability of CV4F formulation. The formulation was successfully designed to achieve enhanced bioavailability and dual pulsatile release. Bedtime dosing will more efficiently control the circadian spikes of hypertension in the morning.
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Pradhan R, Kim SY, Yong CS, Kim JO. Preparation and characterization of spray-dried valsartan-loaded Eudragit® E PO solid dispersion microparticles. Asian J Pharm Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Heo YA, Holford N, Kim Y, Son M, Park K. Quantitative model for the blood pressure-lowering interaction of valsartan and amlodipine. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2016; 82:1557-1567. [PMID: 27504853 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) model to quantitatively describe the antihypertensive effect of combined therapy with amlodipine and valsartan. METHODS PK modelling was used with data collected from 48 healthy volunteers receiving a single dose of combined formulation of 10 mg amlodipine and 160 mg valsartan. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded during combined administration. SBP and DBP data for each drug alone were gathered from the literature. PKPD models of each drug and for combined administration were built with NONMEM 7.3. RESULTS A two-compartment model with zero order absorption best described the PK data of both drugs. Amlodipine and valsartan monotherapy effects on SBP and DBP were best described by an Imax model with an effect compartment delay. Combined therapy was described using a proportional interaction term as follows: (D1 + D2 ) +ALPHA×(D1 × D2 ). D1 and D2 are the predicted drug effects of amlodipine and valsartan monotherapy respectively. ALPHA is the interaction term for combined therapy. Quantitative estimates of ALPHA were -0.171 (95% CI: -0.218, -0.143) for SBP and -0.0312 (95% CI: -0.07739, -0.00283) for DBP. These infra-additive interaction terms for both SBP and DBP were consistent with literature results for combined administration of drugs in these classes. CONCLUSION PKPD models for SBP and DBP successfully described the time course of the antihypertensive effects of amlodipine and valsartan. An infra-additive interaction between amlodipine and valsartan when used in combined administration was confirmed and quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-A Heo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nick Holford
- Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yukyung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mijeong Son
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Sultana T, Mandal BH, Rahman ML, Sarkar SM. Bio-Waste Corn-cob Cellulose Supported Poly(amidoxime) Palladium Nanoparticles for Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Sultana
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology; University Malaysia Pahang; Gambang 26300 Kuantan Malaysia
| | - Bablu Hira Mandal
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology; University Malaysia Pahang; Gambang 26300 Kuantan Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry; Jessore University of Science and Technology; Jessore 7408 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Lutfor Rahman
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology; University Malaysia Pahang; Gambang 26300 Kuantan Malaysia
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources; University Malaysia Sabah; Kotakinabalu 88400 Sabah Malaysia
| | - Shaheen M. Sarkar
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology; University Malaysia Pahang; Gambang 26300 Kuantan Malaysia
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de Oliveira RS, Boffo EF, Reis FC, Nikolaou S, Andriani KF, Caramori GF, Doro FG. A ruthenium polypyridyl complex with the antihypertensive drug valsartan: Synthesis, theoretical calculations and interaction studies with human serum albumin. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Serbest H, Bakırdere S, Keyf S. Development of an analytical method for the determination of valsartan in commercial drug and sewage sludge samples by HPLC and evaluation of its stability under simulated gastric conditions. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2016.1202265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Serbest
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyfullah Keyf
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Huang Y, Liu L, Feng W. Facile palladium-catalyzed homocoupling of aryl halides using 1,4-butanediol as solvent, reductant andO,O-ligand. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Huang
- Department of New Drug Research and Development; Institute of Materia Medica; Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; No. 1 Xiannong Streent, Xicheng District 100050 Beijing China
| | - Lijie Liu
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Hebei University of Science and Technology; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Wenhua Feng
- Department of New Drug Research and Development; Institute of Materia Medica; Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; No. 1 Xiannong Streent, Xicheng District 100050 Beijing China
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Gu J, Cai C. Synthesis of substituted indolizines via radical oxidative decarboxylative annulation of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)acetate derivatives with α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:9966-9969. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01902a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A copper mediated radical oxidative annulation of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)acetate derivatives with α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gu
- Chemical Engineering College
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Cai
- Chemical Engineering College
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210094
- People's Republic of China
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Adib M, Karimi-Nami R, Veisi H. Palladium NPs supported on novel imino-pyridine-functionalized MWCNTs: efficient and highly reusable catalysts for the Suzuki–Miyaura and Sonogashira coupling reactions. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02842f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this article a new heterogeneous nanocatalyst based on palladium supported on functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Adib
- School of Chemistry
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | | | - Hojat Veisi
- Department of Chemistry
- Payame Noor University
- Tehran
- Iran
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Narayana L, Chella N, Kumar D, Shastri NR. Design of a novel type IV lipid-based delivery system for improved delivery of drugs with low partition coefficient. J Liposome Res 2015; 25:325-33. [PMID: 25776099 DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2015.1010544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The physicochemical properties of drugs such as partition coefficient play a major role in the development of lipid-based drug delivery systems. The major obstacle lies in encapsulation of a drug with low partition coefficient into these systems. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to design and optimize a novel lipid-based delivery system with higher loading, improved pharmacokinetics consequently enhancing the oral bioavailability of drugs with low partition coefficient like valsartan. MATERIALS AND METHODS The optimized formulation consists of Capryol 90, Cremophor RH 40, and Transcutol HP. Pseudo ternary phase diagrams were used to optimize the components and their concentrations in the formulation. Dissolution studies of the selected formulations were compared with plain drug and marketed product at three pH conditions (pH 1.2, 4.5 and 6.8). Pharmacokinetic parameters of optimized formulations were determined in Wistar rats and compared with that of plain drug. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The optimized formulation with a mean particle size of 50 nm showed significant improvement (p < 0.05) in dissolution rate with pH independence compared to plain drug and marketed product. The in vivo studies in Wistar rats revealed about 2.30- and 1.68-fold increase in the oral bioavailability and Cmax of valsartan from lipid-based formulation compared to plain drug. CONCLUSION The engineered formulation strategy by type IV lipid-based formulations can be successfully exploited to improve the dissolution rate and oral deliverability of drugs like valsartan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmi Narayana
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Hyderabad , Andhra Pradesh , India
| | - Naveen Chella
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Hyderabad , Andhra Pradesh , India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Hyderabad , Andhra Pradesh , India
| | - Nalini R Shastri
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Hyderabad , Andhra Pradesh , India
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Hajipour AR, Azizi G. Palladium-quaternary phosphonium phase transfer catalyst brush assembly as reusable and environmentally benign catalyst for coupling of aryl halides and sodium tetraphenylborate in neat water. Appl Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdol R. Hajipour
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan 84156 IR Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School; University of Wisconsin; 1300 University Avenue Madison WI 53706-1532 USA
| | - Ghobad Azizi
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan 84156 IR Iran
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Babu CS, Kalaivani P, Ranju V, Sathiya S, Anbarasi C, Mahadevan MV, Vijayakumar H, Sunil AG, Thanikachalam S. Venthamarai chooranam, a polyherbal Siddha medicine, alleviates hypertension via AT₁R and eNOS signaling pathway in 2K1C hypertensive rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 239:758-69. [PMID: 24719376 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214525317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to scientifically demonstrate the anti-hypertensive action of Venthamarai chooranam (VMC) in renal hypertensive rats. Two Kidney One Clip (2K1C) Goldblatt model was adopted to induce hypertension in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats (270-320 g) were randomized into sham (n = 6), vehicle-treated 2K1C (n = 9) and VMC-treated 2K1C (400 mg/kg, p.o; n = 8) and monitored for nine weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), plasma nitrate/nitrite, carotid endothelial nitric oxide synthetase (eNOS), renal angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT₁R), angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT₂R), TNFα, IL-6, thioredoxin 1 (TRX1), and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TRXR1) mRNA expressions were studied. VMC upregulated eNOS expression which in turn improved plasma nitric oxide and decreased SBP in hypertensive rats. It down-regulated AT₁R and simultaneously upregulated AT₂R expression in comparison to vehicle-treated 2K1C rats. Further, renal TNFα and IL-6 expressions were down-regulated while TRX1 and TRXR1 were upregulated by VMC. VMC potentially interacts with renin-angiotensin components and endothelial functions, and thereby exerts its antihypertensive action. This is the first study to demonstrate the mechanism of anti-hypertensive action of VMC in an animal model of renovascular hypertension.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Hypertension, Renovascular/drug therapy
- Hypertension, Renovascular/metabolism
- Hypertension, Renovascular/pathology
- Interleukin-6/biosynthesis
- Male
- Medicine, Ayurvedic
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Plant Preparations/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Thioredoxins/biosynthesis
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
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Abstract
Recognition of the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in initiating and maintaining hypertension prompted the development of drugs that disrupt the RAAS, notably the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and, more recently, the angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). This article focuses on the use of ARBs in hypertension management and reviews evidence emerging from clinical trials that ARBs offer target organ protection over and above their antihypertensive activity.
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Simple aminobenzoic acid promoted palladium catalyzed room temperature Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction in aqueous media. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ding Y, Clark MA. Robust Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling on DNA-linked substrates. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2015; 17:1-4. [PMID: 25459065 DOI: 10.1021/co5001037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling is one of the most widely employed reactions in medicinal chemistry. To apply this reaction to DNA-encoded library technology (ELT), an alternative approach in the discovery of small molecule hits and leads, we explored the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling on DNA-linked aryl halides. Pd(PPh3)4 was demonstrated to be an effective catalyst for cross-coupling with on-DNA halide substrates under aqueous conditions. It efficiently catalyzes the coupling of phenyl halides (iodide or bromide) and pyridinyl bromides with various boronic acids/esters, including challenging heterocyclic boronic acids/esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ding
- GlaxoSmithKline, Platform Technology & Science, ELT-Boston, 830 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Matthew A. Clark
- GlaxoSmithKline, Platform Technology & Science, ELT-Boston, 830 Winter Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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Fu Z, Li Z, Xiong Q, Cai H. Facile synthesis of 2,2′-dinitrosubstituted biaryls through Cu-catalyzed ligand-free decarboxylative homocoupling of ortho-nitrobenzoic acids. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07771k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel waste-free Cu-catalyzed decarboxylative homocoupling of ortho-nitrobenzoic acids with different substituents on the phenyl core has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjiang Fu
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Zhaojie Li
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Qiheng Xiong
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Hu Cai
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- China
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Kim MS, Baek IH. Fabrication and evaluation of valsartan-polymer- surfactant composite nanoparticles by using the supercritical antisolvent process. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:5167-76. [PMID: 25404856 PMCID: PMC4230178 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s71891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to fabricate valsartan composite nanoparticles by using the supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process, and to evaluate the correlation between in vitro dissolution and in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters for the poorly water-soluble drug valsartan. Spherical composite nanoparticles with a mean size smaller than 400 nm, which contained valsartan, were successfully fabricated by using the SAS process. X-ray diffraction and thermal analyses indicated that valsartan was present in an amorphous form within the composite nanoparticles. The in vitro dissolution and oral bioavailability of valsartan were dramatically enhanced by the composite nanoparticles. Valsartan–hydroxypropyl methylcellulose–poloxamer 407 nanoparticles exhibited faster drug release (up to 90% within 10 minutes under all dissolution conditions) and higher oral bioavailability than the raw material, with an approximately 7.2-fold higher maximum plasma concentration. In addition, there was a positive linear correlation between the pharmacokinetic parameters and the in vitro dissolution efficiency. Therefore, the preparation of composite nanoparticles with valsartan–hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and poloxamer 407 by using the SAS process could be an effective formulation strategy for the development of a new dosage form of valsartan with high oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Soo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Baek
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Kodicherla B, Perumgani C. P, Keesara S, Mandapati MR. Polystyrene-supported palladium(II) N,N-dimethylethylenediamine complex: A recyclable catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in water. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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