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Mercurio V, Bianco A, Campi G, Cuomo A, Diab N, Mancini A, Parrella P, Petretta M, Hassoun PM, Bonaduce D. New Drugs, Therapeutic Strategies, and Future Direction for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:2844-2864. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180201095743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) treatment, this condition is still characterized by an extremely poor prognosis. In this review, we discuss the use of newly-approved drugs for PAH treatment with already known mechanisms of action (macitentan), innovative targets (riociguat and selexipag), and novel therapeutic approaches with initial up-front combination therapy. Secondly, we describe new potential signaling pathways and investigational drugs with promising role in the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mercurio
- Federico II University, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Bianco
- Federico II University, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Giacomo Campi
- Federico II University, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cuomo
- Federico II University, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Nermin Diab
- University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Angela Mancini
- Federico II University, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Parrella
- Federico II University, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Petretta
- Federico II University, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Paul M. Hassoun
- Johns Hopkins University, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Domenico Bonaduce
- Federico II University, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Naples, Italy
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Kemnitzer W, Kuemmerle J, Zhang HZ, Kasibhatla S, Tseng B, Drewe J, Cai SX. Discovery of 3-aryl-5-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles as a new series of apoptosis inducers. 2. Identification of more aqueous soluble analogs as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:4410-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2009] [Revised: 05/13/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sirisoma N, Pervin A, Zhang H, Jiang S, Willardsen JA, Anderson MB, Mather G, Pleiman CM, Kasibhatla S, Tseng B, Drewe J, Cai SX. Discovery of N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-N,2-dimethylquinazolin-4-amine, a Potent Apoptosis Inducer and Efficacious Anticancer Agent with High Blood Brain Barrier Penetration. J Med Chem 2009; 52:2341-51. [DOI: 10.1021/jm801315b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilantha Sirisoma
- EpiCept Corporation, 6650 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals Inc., 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Azra Pervin
- EpiCept Corporation, 6650 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals Inc., 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Hong Zhang
- EpiCept Corporation, 6650 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals Inc., 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Songchun Jiang
- EpiCept Corporation, 6650 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals Inc., 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - J. Adam Willardsen
- EpiCept Corporation, 6650 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals Inc., 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Mark B. Anderson
- EpiCept Corporation, 6650 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals Inc., 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Gary Mather
- EpiCept Corporation, 6650 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals Inc., 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Christopher M. Pleiman
- EpiCept Corporation, 6650 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals Inc., 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Shailaja Kasibhatla
- EpiCept Corporation, 6650 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals Inc., 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Ben Tseng
- EpiCept Corporation, 6650 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals Inc., 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - John Drewe
- EpiCept Corporation, 6650 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals Inc., 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Sui Xiong Cai
- EpiCept Corporation, 6650 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals Inc., 320 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
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Brown VI, Seif AE, Reid GSD, Teachey DT, Grupp SA. Novel molecular and cellular therapeutic targets in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoproliferative disease. Immunol Res 2009; 42:84-105. [PMID: 18716718 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-008-8038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
While the outcome for pediatric patients with lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) or lymphoid malignancies, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), has improved dramatically, patients often suffer from therapeutic sequelae. Additionally, despite intensified treatment, the prognosis remains dismal for patients with refractory or relapsed disease. Thus, novel biologically targeted treatment approaches are needed. These targets can be identified by understanding how a loss of lymphocyte homeostasis can result in LPD or ALL. Herein, we review potential molecular and cellular therapeutic strategies that (i) target key signaling networks (e.g., PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, Notch1, and SRC kinase family-containing pathways) which regulate lymphocyte growth, survival, and function; (ii) block the interaction of ALL cells with stromal cells or lymphoid growth factors secreted by the bone marrow microenvironment; or (iii) stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie I Brown
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, ARC 902, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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