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Soares I, Amaral IP, Correia MP, Travassos R, Filipe P. Complications of dermatologic lasers in high Fitzpatrick phototypes and management: an updated narrative review. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:149. [PMID: 38834924 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
This article explores the intricacies of laser surgery, acknowledging inherent risks and complications. Patients with higher Fitzpatrick phototypes, characterized by unique biological traits, face heightened vulnerability during laser treatments. Limited experience with darker skin tones necessitates a higher level of laser expertise and a conservative approach. The study aims to comprehensively review laser therapy's side effects and complications, with a specific focus on Fitzpatrick phototypes IV through VI. We searched the MEDLINE database from 1972 to 2023 to consolidate knowledge. Results illuminate nuanced challenges associated with laser surgery in higher phototypes. In conclusion, this research emphasizes the need for enhanced expertise and caution in laser procedures for individuals with darker skin, offering valuable insights to optimize patient safety and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivânia Soares
- Departament of Dermatology, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | | | | | - Rita Travassos
- Departament of Dermatology, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Medicina, Dermatology University Clinic, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Filipe
- Departament of Dermatology, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Medicina, Dermatology University Clinic, Lisbon, Portugal
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2
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Rafi S, Budania A, Bhardwaj A, Singh S, Bains A, Benny B, Alam A, Karthick K, Agarwal A, Pathania Y. Efficacy and safety of diode laser for facial hair reduction in hirsutism-a clinico-trichoscopic evaluation. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2024; 17:19-24. [PMID: 38736858 PMCID: PMC11086926 DOI: 10.4103/jcas.jcas_63_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hirsutism is the presence of excessive terminal hair on androgen-dependent sites of the body. Lasers like Alexandrite, diode, and Nd:Yag lasers have been used for hair reduction with varying efficacy. Trichoscopy of hair is a simple noninvasive method of hair assessment. However, it has not been used in the assessment of diode laser hair reduction. Objectives This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of diode laser hair reduction in skin color with the help of clinical and trichoscopic assessment. Materials and Methods This prospective observational study included 73 patients of hirsutism recruited in 18-month period. All participants received sessions of 805 nm diode laser at monthly intervals up to six sessions. Clinical and trichoscopic evaluation along with photographs were obtained at each visit. Side effects, if any, were noted in every sitting. Results All patients were females of Fitzpatrick skin types III-V. All clinical parameters showed statistically significant hair reduction when compared with baseline. Trichoscopic parameters of hair reduction like total hair count, terminal hair count, and terminal/vellus hair ratio showed reduction compared to baseline which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The most common side effect noted in our study was pain followed by erythema and perifollicular edema. Conclusions Diode laser is an effective and safe procedure for the reduction of unwanted facial hair, even in darker skin types. We also wish to emphasize that trichoscopy for the assessment of laser hair reduction is a recent, noninvasive, simple, and underutilized tool. No serious adverse events were noted in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahiba Rafi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anil Budania
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Abhishek Bhardwaj
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Saurabh Singh
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anupama Bains
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Benetta Benny
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Afroz Alam
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kannan Karthick
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Akriti Agarwal
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Yashdeep Pathania
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Dessinioti C, Tsiakou A, Christodoulou A, Stratigos AJ. Clinical and Dermoscopic Findings of Nevi after Photoepilation: A Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1832. [PMID: 37763236 PMCID: PMC10532922 DOI: 10.3390/life13091832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical clinical and dermoscopic findings, or changes in pigmented melanocytic lesions located on body areas treated with lasers or intense pulsed light (IPL) for hair removal (photoepilation), have been described in the literature. There are three prospective studies in a total of 79 individuals with 287 melanocytic nevi and several case reports reporting the dermoscopic findings and changes after photoepilation. Clinical changes have been reported in 20-100% of individuals, while dermoscopic changes have been observed in 48% to 93% of nevi. More frequent dermoscopic changes included bleaching, the development of pigmented globules, and irregular hyperpigmented areas and regression structures, including gray areas, gray dots/globules, and whitish structureless areas. The diagnostic approach for pigmented lesions with atypical dermoscopic findings and changes after photo-epilation included reflectance confocal microscopy, sequential digital dermoscopy follow-up, and/or excision and histopathology. Challenges pertaining to these diagnostic steps in the context of photoepilation include the detection of findings that may warrant a biopsy to exclude melanoma (ugly duckling, irregular hyperpigmented areas, blue-gray or white areas, and loss of pigment network), the potential persistence of changes at follow-up, and that a histopathologic diagnosis may not be possible due to the distortion of melanocytes or complete regression of the lesion. Furthermore, these diagnostic approaches can be time-consuming, require familiarization of the physician with dermoscopic features, may cause anxiety to the individual, and highlight that avoiding passes of the laser or IPL devices over pigmented lesions is key.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clio Dessinioti
- 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 16121 Athens, Greece
| | - Andriani Tsiakou
- State Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, 16121 Athens, Greece
| | - Athina Christodoulou
- 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 16121 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander J. Stratigos
- 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 16121 Athens, Greece
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Kao YC, Lin DZ, Kang YN, Chang CJ, Chiu WK, Chen C. Efficacy of Laser in Hair Removal: A Network Meta-analysis. J COSMET LASER THER 2023; 25:7-19. [PMID: 37493187 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2023.2221838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laser hair removal is an increasingly prevalent trend of cosmetic procedures. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of hair reduction among several types of laser interventions. METHODS The selected studies searched in PubMed and EMBASE were assessed for quality of evidence, and extracted data on absolute hair count and hair reduction rate. Qualitative data were synthesized using standardized mean difference (SMD) in frequentist network meta-analysis because various measurement units were used among selected studies. Inconsistency and small study effects were examined by design-by-treatment interaction model and comparison-adjusted funnel plot. RESULTS A total of 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (n = 652) were contributed to network meta-analysis. Pooled results revealed that diode laser showed significantly lower absolute hair count within three-month (SMD = -13.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -22.25 to -4.17) and around six months follow-up (SMD = -11.01, 95% CI: -18.24 to -3.77) as compared with those in control group, but no significant difference among laser interventions. All side effects observed were transient without leaving any permanent scars. CONCLUSION Eliminating unwanted hair with lasers or intense pulsed light is safe and effective; however, which type of intervention is more beneficial in the long-term process should be studied with a longer follow-up time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chien Kao
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dai-Zhu Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-No Kang
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center of Big Data and Meta-Analysis Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Health Policy & Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Jen Chang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kuan Chiu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiehfeng Chen
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yuan N, Feldman AT, Chin P, Zaliznyak M, Rabizadeh S, Garcia MM. Comparison of Permanent Hair Removal Procedures before Gender-Affirming Vaginoplasty: Why We Should Consider Laser Hair Removal as a First-Line Treatment for Patients Who Meet Criteria. Sex Med 2022; 10:100545. [PMID: 35914381 PMCID: PMC9537259 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2022.100545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Permanent genital hair removal is required before gender-affirming vaginoplasty to prevent hair-related complications. No previous studies have directly compared the relative efficacy, costs, and patient experiences with laser hair removal (LHR) vs electrolysis treatments. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversight of medical devices is poorly understood and commonly misrepresented, adversely affecting patient care. Aim This study compares treatment outcomes of electrolysis and LHR for genital hair removal and investigates FDA regulation of electrolysis and LHR devices. Methods Penile-inversion vaginoplasty and shallow-depth vaginoplasty patients completed surveys about their preoperative hair removal, including procedure type, number/frequency of sessions, cost, and discomfort. Publicly available FDA-review documents and databases were reviewed. Main Outcomes Measure Compared to electrolysis, LHR was associated with greater efficiency, decreased cost, decreased pain, and improved patient satisfaction. Results Of 52 total (44 full-depth and 8 shallow-depth) vaginoplasty patients, 22 of 52 underwent electrolysis only, 15 of 52 underwent laser only, and 15 of 52 used both techniques. Compared to patients that underwent LHR only, patients that underwent only electrolysis required a significantly greater number of treatment sessions (mean 24.3 electrolysis vs 8.1 LHR sessions, P < .01) and more frequent sessions (every 2.4 weeks for electrolysis vs 5.3 weeks for LHR, P < .01) to complete treatment (defined as absence of re-growth over 2 months). Electrolysis sessions were significantly longer than LHR sessions (152 minutes vs 26 minutes, P < .01). Total treatment costs for electrolysis ($5,161) were significantly greater than for laser ($981, P < .01). Electrolysis was associated with greater pain and significantly increased need for pretreatment analgesia, which further contributed to higher net costs for treatment with electrolysis vs laser. Many LHR and electrolysis devices have been FDA-cleared for safety, but the FDA does not assess or compare clinical efficacy or efficiency. Clinical Implications For patients with dark-pigmented hair, providers should consider LHR as the first-line treatment option for preoperative hair removal before gender-affirming vaginoplasty. Strength and Limitations This is the first study to compare electrolysis and LHR for genital hair removal. The discussion addresses FDA review/oversight of devices, which is commonly misrepresented. Limitations include the survey format for data collection. Conclusion When compared with electrolysis, LHR showed greater treatment efficiency (shorter and fewer treatment sessions to complete treatment), less pain, greater tolerability, and lower total cost. Our data suggests that, for patients with dark genital hair, providers should consider recommending laser as the first-line treatment for permanent genital hair removal before vaginoplasty. Yuan N, Feldman A, Chin P, et al. Comparison of Permanent Hair Removal Procedures before Gender-Affirming Vaginoplasty: Why We Should Consider Laser Hair Removal as a First-Line Treatment for Patients Who Meet Criteria. Sex Med 2022;10:100545.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nance Yuan
- Cedars-Sinai Transgender Surgery and Health Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra Terris Feldman
- Cedars-Sinai Transgender Surgery and Health Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patrick Chin
- Cedars-Sinai Transgender Surgery and Health Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Susan Rabizadeh
- Cedars-Sinai Transgender Surgery and Health Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maurice M Garcia
- Cedars-Sinai Transgender Surgery and Health Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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6
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Krasniqi A, McClurg DP, Gillespie KJ, Rajpara S. Efficacy of lasers and light sources in long-term hair reduction: a systematic review. J COSMET LASER THER 2022; 24:1-8. [DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2022.2075899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Krasniqi
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - D. P. McClurg
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - K. J. Gillespie
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - S. Rajpara
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- Department of Dermatology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
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7
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Weinert PJ, Grossmann M, Brauch U, Jetter M, Michler P, Graf T, Ahmed MA. High-power quasi-CW diode-pumped 750-nm AlGaAs VECSEL emitting a peak power of 29.6 W and an average power of 8.5 W. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:1980-1983. [PMID: 35427316 DOI: 10.1364/ol.450697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A peak output power of 29.6 W and an average output power of 8.5 W at a wavelength of 750 nm were demonstrated in quasi-CW multi-mode operation using an AlGaAs-based vertical external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL) diode-pumped at a wavelength of 675 nm. The comparatively low bandgap of the barrier material that was tuned to the pump-photon energy allowed a good compromise between low heat generation due to the quantum defect and strong absorptance of the pump radiation. The limitations for the average output power came mainly from insufficient heat flow from the intra-cavity heat spreader to the heat sink. These results show the potential for power scaling of diode-pumped VECSELs and the importance of effective heat removal.
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8
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Noyman Y, Levi A, Reiter O, Lapidoth M. Using blend wavelengths in order to improve the safety and efficacy of laser hair removal. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:3913-3916. [PMID: 34694683 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the pursuit for a safe and effective device for laser hair removal continues, the use of simultaneous multiple wavelengths in a single device requires further exploration. AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel multi-wavelength laser device for hair removal. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study included adult participants of both sexes with Fitzpatrick skin types of III and IV. Hairy sites were treated by a multiple wavelength (810nm, 940nm, and 1064nm) laser device (Primelase, Coccoon medical, Barcelona, Spain). Laser parameters included: fluence of 14-20 J/cm2 , pulse duration of 7-30 ms, and spot size of 20*9 mm2 . Participants underwent up to 7 treatments at 6-8 weeks intervals and were followed for 6 months after the last treatment session. "Before" and "after" clinical photographs were acquired and were used to evaluate efficacy by 2 independent dermatologists. They employed the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS; scale of 0 [no improvement] to 4 [excellent improvement; Over 75% hair reduction]). Participants' satisfaction was rated on a scale of 1 (not satisfied) to 5 (very satisfied). Pain perception and adverse events were recorded as well. RESULTS Eighteen participants (6 men, 12 women) were included with a total of 49 treatment sites. Mean hair reduction was 3.6 out of 4 in the GAIS. Participants' satisfaction rate was high (mean 4.5). Beside mild transient discomfort during the procedure, no adverse events were recorded. CONCLUSION The use of a multiple wavelengths' laser device is safe and effective for hair removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehonatan Noyman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Laser Unit, Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Assi Levi
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Laser Unit, Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Ofer Reiter
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Laser Unit, Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Moshe Lapidoth
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Laser Unit, Division of Dermatology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Deshpande A. Efficacy & safety of intense pulsed light therapy for unwanted facial hair: a retrospective analysis in skin of color. J COSMET LASER THER 2021; 23:116-121. [PMID: 35038966 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2021.2009875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Unwanted facial hair growth is a common esthetic problem. Laser hair removal has emerged as a leading treatment option for long-term depilation. The theory of selective photothermolysis has revolutionized laser hair removal in that it is effective and safe, when operated by sufficiently trained and experienced professionals. Long-pulsed ruby (694 nm), long-pulsed alexandrite (755 nm), diode (800-980 nm), and long-pulsed Nd: YAG (1064) are commercially available laser devices for hair removal most widely studied. The authors wish to share the efficacy and safety of intense pulse light therapy for permanent facial hair reduction in Indian population.
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Johannsmeier S, Wenzel J, Torres-Mapa ML, Junge S, Sasse P, Stockhausen JD, Ripken T, Heinemann D, Heisterkamp A. Light-cell interactions in depth-resolved optogenetics. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:6536-6550. [PMID: 33282507 PMCID: PMC7687973 DOI: 10.1364/boe.404388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Light as a tool in medical therapy and biological research has been studied extensively and its application is subject to continuous improvement. However, safe and efficient application of light-based methods in photomedicine or optogenetics requires knowledge about the optical properties of the target tissue as well as the response characteristics of the stimulated cells. Here, we used tissue phantoms and a heart-like light-sensitive cell line to investigate optogenetic stimulation through tissue layers. The input power necessary for successful stimulation could be described as a function of phantom thickness. A model of light transmission through the tissue phantoms gives insights into the expected stimulation efficiency. Cell-type specific effects are identified that result in deviations of the stimulation threshold from the modelled predictions. This study provides insights into the complex interplay between light, tissue and cells during deep-tissue optogenetics. It can serve as an orientation for safe implementation of light-based methods in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Johannsmeier
- Industrial and Biomedical Optics Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Wenzel
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria L. Torres-Mapa
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian Junge
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Philipp Sasse
- Institute of Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Nussallee 11, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Joshua D. Stockhausen
- Institute of Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Nussallee 11, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Tammo Ripken
- Industrial and Biomedical Optics Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Dag Heinemann
- Industrial and Biomedical Optics Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Phytophotonics, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems and Hannover Centre for Optical Technologies (HOT), Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Heisterkamp
- Industrial and Biomedical Optics Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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12
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Clatici VG, Voicu C, Barinova E, Mihai L, Tatu AL. Complications of laser hair removal-How we could reduce them? Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13518. [PMID: 32378302 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Laser hair removal became a very popular intervention, with a permanently increasing number of procedures being performed worldwide. The procedure is often performed by nonmedical personnel, and even by untrained personnel, that could be associated with different kind of adverse events, from mild to serious. The complications associated could be lower if the operators understand the basic of laser physics and the working principles of devices. We propose a simple acronym, WATCH, in order to increase the safety and efficiency of laser interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lupu Mihai
- Dermatology Department, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alin Laurentiu Tatu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunărea de Jos" University, Galati, Romania
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13
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Atta-Motte M, Załęska I. Diode Laser 805 Hair Removal Side Effects in Groups of Various Ethnicities - Cohort Study Results. J Lasers Med Sci 2020; 11:132-137. [PMID: 32273953 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2020.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: As hair removal has become most popular in aesthetics, the management of its side effects is crucial for every practitioner. Available studies describe the effectiveness of the diode laser hair removal for all skin types according to the Fitzpatrick scale independently, but the question of the occurrence of side effects and adverse effects remains unanswered. This study aims to illustrate aspects of side effects for patients of various ethnicities and the impact of those on the effectiveness of the treatment. Methods: The research was carried out in Poland and the United Kingdom from March 2016 to March 2019. 217 people of various ethnic origins were qualified for the study, 206 sessions were completed and statistical analysis was performed. The procedure was performed in the pubic area with diode lasers with a wavelength of 805 nm, minimum peak power of 2100 W and pulse duration between 15 and 400 ms. ET sapphire cooling assisted handle 9 x 9 mm large and pulse energy density between 10 and 100 J/cm2 were used for all treatments. In addition, in order to illustrate the effectiveness of treatments, the subjective and objective analyses of hair loss percentages were indicated. In statistical analysis, the chi-square test for independence was used to evaluate the correlation between the type and severity of side effects and the ethnic origin of patients, the number of treatments, the Fitzpatrick scale and the level of satisfaction. Results: The occurrence of sensitivity depended statistically significantly (PP=0.002) on ethnicity. Ethnicity had no significant effect on the occurrence of erythema. The occurrence of hyperpigmentation statistically significantly depended (P<0.001) on ethnicity. The occurrence of burns depended statistically significantly (P=0.001) on ethnicity. The number of treatments had a significant (P P=0.012) effect on the severity of side effects occurrence. Among participants who had 6 treatments, only half had side effects, including multiple effects occurring in 9.79% of cases. The occurrence of side effects such as sensitivity and hyperpigmentation did not depend on the number of treatments. However, the number of treatments had a significant impact on the incidence of erythema (P<0.001) and burns (P=0.005). More than half of the respondents (58.33%) had erythema after more than six procedures, whereas in the 6 treatments the erythema occurred only in 6.7% of cases. Conclusion: The treatment with the use of diode lasers for all subjects with different ethnicity and thus the recognized scale according to Fitzpatrick is effective and safe. The occurring side effects are transient and do not impact the effect of the whole therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Izabela Załęska
- The Section of Professional Cosmetology, The Faculty of Motor Rehabilitation, The University of Physical Education in Krakow, Poland
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14
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Crowell EL, Jampel H, Berkenstock M. Alexandrite laser induced uveitis & pigment dispersion: A case report and review of the literature. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020; 18:100632. [PMID: 32181413 PMCID: PMC7063328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2020.100632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe a complication of an upper eyelid alexandrite laser procedure. Observations A 55-year-old woman presented with left eye blurred vision and photophobia after a left upper eyelid procedure with an alexandrite laser. She had elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior chamber cell and pigment, posterior synechiae, and retroillumination defects in the left eye. She was treated with topical prednisolone and brimonidine. Six months later, although her anterior chamber had cleared and IOP had normalized, the patient reported decreased vision-related quality of life from persistent photophobia. Conclusions and Importance Alexandrite lasers are commonly used for hair removal and skin depigmentation. When used periocularly without proper eye protection, they have the potential to create irreversible ocular complications. This case demonstrates the importance of proper eye protection with periocular laser procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric L Crowell
- Dell Medical School, 1601 Trinity St., Bldg. B, Z1200, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Henry Jampel
- Dell Medical School, 1601 Trinity St., Bldg. B, Z1200, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Meghan Berkenstock
- Dell Medical School, 1601 Trinity St., Bldg. B, Z1200, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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15
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Bradford NJ, Rider GN, Spencer KG. Hair removal and psychological well-being in transfeminine adults: associations with gender dysphoria and gender euphoria. J DERMATOL TREAT 2019; 32:635-642. [DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2019.1687823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nova J. Bradford
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Program in Human Sexuality, National Center for Gender Spectrum Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- School of Social Work, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - G. Nic Rider
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Program in Human Sexuality, National Center for Gender Spectrum Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Katherine G. Spencer
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Program in Human Sexuality, National Center for Gender Spectrum Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Gao L, Qu H, Gao N, Li K, Dang E, Tan W, Wang G. A retrospective analysis for facial telangiectasia treatment using pulsed dye laser and intense pulsed light configured with different wavelength bands. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:88-92. [PMID: 31638320 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gao
- Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Huanhuan Qu
- Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Ni Gao
- Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Erle Dang
- Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
| | - Wenbin Tan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy University of South Carolina School of Medicine Columbia SC USA
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology Xijing Hospital The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ian P Conner
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Evan L Waxman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Cayir S, Yetik IS. Hair and bare skin discrimination for laser-assisted hair removal systems. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017; 2017:604-607. [PMID: 29059945 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8036897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Laser-assisted hair removal devices aim to remove body hair permanently. In most cases, these devices irradiate the whole area of the skin with a homogenous power density. Thus, a significant portion of the skin, where hair is not present, is burnt unnecessarily causing health risks. Therefore, methods that can distinguish hair regions automatically would be very helpful avoiding these unnecessary applications of laser. This study proposes a new system of algorithms to detect hair regions with the help of a digital camera. Unlike previous limited number of studies, our methods are very fast allowing for real-time application. Proposed methods are based on certain features derived from histograms of hair and skin regions. We compare our algorithm with competing methods in terms of localization performance and computation time and show that a much faster real-time accurate localization of hair regions is possible with the proposed method. Our results show that the algorithm we have developed is extremely fast (around 45 milliseconds) allowing for real-time application with high accuracy hair localization ( 96.48 %).
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Honeybrook A, Crossing T, Bernstein E, Bloom J, Woodward J. Long-term outcome of a patient with paradoxical hypertrichosis after laser epilation. J COSMET LASER THER 2017; 20:179-183. [PMID: 29020484 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2017.1383614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
One underreported, rare side effect of laser hair removal is paradoxical hypertrichosis. It is largely unknown what the long-term outcomes are of patients who develop this complication. We report a 21-year-old, Fitzpatrick II, male patient, who had patchy areas of dark hair affecting various body areas. An Alexandrite 755 nm laser was used to address the desired areas at energies between 20 and 22 J/cm2 at 10-12-week intervals over a course of seven treatments. After three treatments, the patient noted a significant increase in the density and length of hairs involving the back, shoulders, neck, and upper arms. The patient was followed on a biannual basis, without further epilatory intervention. After 10 years, the areas of paradoxical hair growth were sparser compared to immediate post-treatment but remained denser compared to pre-treatment. This case illustrates improvement in the condition over time without intervention. Further studies are needed to determine the etiopathogenesis of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tascha Crossing
- a Duke University Hospital, Division of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Department of Surgery , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Eric Bernstein
- a Duke University Hospital, Division of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Department of Surgery , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Jason Bloom
- a Duke University Hospital, Division of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Department of Surgery , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Julie Woodward
- c Duke University Hospital, Division of Oculofacial Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology , Durham NC , USA
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BS B, Chittoria RK, Thappa DM, Mohapatra DP, MT F, S D, Pandey S. Are lasers superior to lights in the photoepilation of Fitzpatrick V and VI skin types? – A comparison between Nd:YAG laser and intense pulsed light. J COSMET LASER THER 2017; 19:252-255. [DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2016.1262956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bibilash BS
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Plastic Surgery, Pondicherry, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Chittoria
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Plastic Surgery, Pondicherry, India
| | - Devinder Mohan Thappa
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Plastic Surgery, Pondicherry, India
| | - Devi Prasad Mohapatra
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Plastic Surgery, Pondicherry, India
| | - Friji MT
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Plastic Surgery, Pondicherry, India
| | - Dineshkumar S
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Plastic Surgery, Pondicherry, India
| | - Sandhya Pandey
- Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Plastic Surgery, Pondicherry, India
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Szima GZ, Janka EA, Kovács A, Bortély B, Bodnár E, Sawhney I, Szabó É, Remenyik É. Comparison of hair removal efficacy and side effect of neodymium:Yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser and intense pulsed light systems (18-month follow-up). J Cosmet Dermatol 2017; 16:193-198. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Zita Szima
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Eszter Anna Janka
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Blanka Bortély
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Edina Bodnár
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Irina Sawhney
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Éva Szabó
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Éva Remenyik
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
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Cohen BE, Bashey S, Wysong A. Literature Review of Cosmetic Procedures in Men: Approaches and Techniques are Gender Specific. Am J Clin Dermatol 2017; 18:87-96. [PMID: 28004257 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-016-0237-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The proportion of men receiving non-surgical cosmetic procedures has risen substantially in recent years. Various physiologic, anatomic, and motivational considerations differentiate the treatments for male and female patients. Nevertheless, research regarding approaches to the male cosmetic patient is scarce. We sought to provide an overview and sex-specific discussion of the most popular cosmetic dermatologic procedures pursued by men by conducting a comprehensive literature review pertaining to non-surgical cosmetic procedures in male patients. The most common and rapidly expanding non-surgical interventions in men include botulinum toxin, filler injection, chemical peels, microdermabrasion, laser resurfacing, laser hair removal, hair transplantation, and minimally invasive techniques for adipose tissue reduction. Important sex-specific factors associated with each of these procedures should be considered to best serve the male cosmetic patient.
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Lim HW, Cho M, Lee DH, Koh W, Kim Y, Chung JH, Kim S. Development of a Novel Automated Hair Counting System for the Quantitative Evaluation of Laser Hair Removal. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 35:116-121. [PMID: 27827560 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2016.4140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop and validate a novel computer-assisted automated hair counting system for the quantitative evaluation of laser hair removal (LHR). METHODS We developed a computer-aided image processing system to count hairs on shaved skin and validated its performance through clinical trials. Five volunteers of Fitzpatrick skin type III-IV volunteered and were tested on both thighs. The system automatically detects hair and places a "+" sign on each hair site for every positive detection. This method allows clinicians to check whether a hair has been counted or not. We analyzed the difference in the hair counts between the proposed system (automatic) and those by human observers (manual). RESULTS The hair counts from the proposed system and the manual counts were compared. The percentage error between automatic and manual counting was <5% in each subject. The data of the two groups were statistically verified with Student's independent t-test. The averages were statistically equivalent between the two groups. The proposed system showed significant time saving in terms of counting. CONCLUSIONS A dependable, accurate, and fast method of counting hairs on shaved skin through a computer-aided image processing system was developed and validated. The "+" signs on the image to indicate detection allows clinicians to compare with the original image and detect any omission or redundancy. The proposed system is expected to be reliable in analyzing the results of multiple skin-related treatments, including LHR and hair transplantation. Further, it is expected to be widely applicable for use in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung-Woo Lim
- 1 Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Minwoo Cho
- 1 Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Lee
- 2 Department of Dermatology, Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Youdan Kim
- 4 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institute of Advanced Aerospace Technology, College of Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- 2 Department of Dermatology, Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungwan Kim
- 5 Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Korea.,6 Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul, Korea
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Lizneva D, Gavrilova-Jordan L, Walker W, Azziz R. Androgen excess: Investigations and management. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2016; 37:98-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Pampín Franco A, Gamo Villegas R, Floristán Muruzábal U, Ascanio Armada L, Pinedo F, López-Estebaranz JL. Changes in melanocytic nevi after laser treatment evaluated by dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy. Int J Dermatol 2016; 55:e307-9. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pampín Franco
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon; Madrid Spain
| | - Reyes Gamo Villegas
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon; Madrid Spain
| | | | - Lucía Ascanio Armada
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon; Madrid Spain
| | - Fernando Pinedo
- Department of Pathology; Hospital Universitario Fundacion Alcorcon; Madrid Spain
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Alijanpour R, Poorsattar Bejeh Mir A. The Effect of Topical Glycerol Trinitrate on Laser-Aided Facial Hair Removal: A Triple-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial. Photomed Laser Surg 2015; 33:592-7. [PMID: 26580831 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.3881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our purpose in this study was to assess the effect of topical glyceryl trinitrate on the efficacy of long-term white hair removal aided by laser therapy in hirsute women. BACKGROUND DATA Nitric oxide (NO) induces vasorelaxation and augmented perfusion when released from endothelial cells or from an alternatively provided exogenous source. Separately, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mediated angiogenesis during the anagen phase, the phase most susceptible to laser elimination, and modulation of VEGF by NO, has been discussed previously, but there are limited data regarding an efficient method for long-term white hair removal. METHODS AND MATERIALS We conducted a triple-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial. Hirsute women with excess facial hair without a known allergy to nitroglycerin derivatives were recruited, and randomly allocated to receive either premedication with 2 g glycerol trinitrate 3 days before the laser sessions once a day, or placebo. All the participants underwent six laser sessions with 1-month intervals. Baseline hair numbers were counted before, 3, 6, and 12 months after the first session. Data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA test. RESULTS A total of 83 patients were enrolled in control (43) and case (40) groups. The trends for hair reduction in both studied groups were significant (p < 0.001), but there were no significant differences between the case and control groups during the study period. CONCLUSIONS According to our findings, all patients, regardless of whether or not they used trinitrate, had significant success with hair removal. This study could not differentiate hair removal efficacy between the study groups. Studies with other laser types and larger sample sizes are suggested to investigate the effect of NO on hair production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arash Poorsattar Bejeh Mir
- 2 Dentistry Student Research Committee, Dentistry School Babol University of Medical Sciences , Mazandaran Iran
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Karabela Y, Eliaçık M. Anterior uveitis following eyebrow epilation with alexandrite laser. Int Med Case Rep J 2015; 8:177-9. [PMID: 26379448 PMCID: PMC4567169 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s89965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular tissues are known to be sensitive to damage from exposure to laser emissions. This study reports the case of a female patient with acute unilateral anterior uveitis caused by alexandrite laser-assisted hair removal of the eyebrows. We report a 38-year-old female who presented with unilateral eye pain, redness, and photophobia after receiving alexandrite (755 nm) laser epilation of both eyebrows. Best corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Right eye examination was normal. Left eye examination showed conjunctival injection and 2+/3+ cells in the anterior chamber. Intraocular pressure and fundus examination were normal. Topical steroids and cycloplegic drops were prescribed for 3 weeks. At the end of the 3-week follow-up, best corrected visual acuity was 20/20, and intraocular pressure and fundus examination were normal in both eyes. The left eye was white, and the anterior chamber was clear. The patient continues to be monitored. In conclusion, without adequate protective eyewear, laser hair removal of the eyebrows with alexandrite laser can lead to ocular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Karabela
- Department of Ophthalmology, Esenler Hospital, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Eliaçık
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kadıköy Medipol Hospital, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abstract
PURPOSE Laser-assisted epilation of eyebrow hair has become a common practice, but a number of ocular complications can occur. We report the cases of 2 patients who had unilateral anterior uveitis after having undergone laser removal of eyebrow hair. METHODS This report describes 2 patients who experienced eye pain, photophobia, redness, and edema after undergoing alexandrite (755 nm) laser epilation of the eyebrow area while not wearing protective eyewear or a corneal shield. RESULTS Eye examinations revealed that both patients had conjunctival injection, endothelial keratic precipitates, and cells in the anterior chamber of one eye. They were treated with topical cyclopentolate and steroid eye drops. Within a week, their symptoms had disappeared, and anterior chamber reactions were not seen. At their 3-month follow-ups, their visual acuity was 20/20, and eye examination results were normal for both eyes of each patient. CONCLUSIONS Laser-assisted epilation of eyebrow hair can lead to unilateral anterior uveitis, and individuals must be informed about the risks involved in laser eyebrow epilation.
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Ricci LH, Navajas SV, Carneiro PR, Söderberg SA, Ferraz CA. Ocular adverse effects after facial cosmetic procedures: a review of case reports. J Cosmet Dermatol 2015; 14:145-51. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas H. Ricci
- School of Medicine; Anhembi Morumbi University; Laureate International Universities; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Samia V. Navajas
- School of Medicine; Anhembi Morumbi University; Laureate International Universities; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Paula R. Carneiro
- School of Medicine; Anhembi Morumbi University; Laureate International Universities; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Stephanie A. Söderberg
- School of Medicine; Anhembi Morumbi University; Laureate International Universities; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Caroline A. Ferraz
- School of Medicine; Anhembi Morumbi University; Laureate International Universities; São Paulo SP Brazil
- Department Ophthalmology; School of Medicine; Anhembi Morumbi University; Laureate International Universities; São Paulo SP Brazil
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Yalçındağ FN, Uzun A. Anterior uveitis associated with laser epilation of eyebrows. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2013; 3:45. [PMID: 23587197 PMCID: PMC3637527 DOI: 10.1186/1869-5760-3-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of the study is to report a case of unilateral anterior uveitis after laser hair removal of the eyebrows with an alexandrite laser. Findings A 36-year-old female presented with painful red eye and photophobia in her left eye 2 days after receiving alexandrite (755 nm) laser epilation of both eyebrows. Visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Right eye examination was normal. Left eye examination showed conjunctival injection, 2+ cells in the anterior chamber, and local posterior synechiae. Intraocular pressure and fundus examination were normal in both eyes. Topical steroids and cycloplegic drops were prescribed. Three days after the initiation of topical treatment, there was a reduction in anterior chamber cells to 1+, but posterior synechiae was enhanced. One week after, there were 0.5+ cells in the anterior chamber and no further enlargement of posterior synechiae. At the 2-month follow-up, uncorrected visual acuity remained 20/20 in both eyes. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy of the right eye was normal. Intraocular pressure and fundus examination were still normal in both eyes. Although anterior chamber of the left eye was clear, posterior synechiae persisted. We are still following the patient. Conclusion Laser hair removal of the eyebrows can lead to ocular damage and should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatime Nilüfer Yalçındağ
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Mamak Cad, Dikimevi, Ankara, 06100, Turkey.
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Ali MH, Hashem MM, Zaher A, Korraa S, Hamouda F, Ali CM, Al-Saad KA. Photodynamic therapy for hair removal. QSCIENCE CONNECT 2013. [DOI: 10.5339/connect.2013.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Ismail S. Long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser vs. intense pulsed light for hair removal in dark skin: a randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2012; 166:317-21. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10695.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lin CC, Tseng PC, Chen CC, Woung LC, Liou SW. Iritis and pupillary distortion after periorbital cosmetic alexandrite laser. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2010; 249:783-5. [PMID: 21057804 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-010-1554-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2010] [Revised: 10/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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36
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Lee HI, Rho YK, Kim BJ, Kim MN. A case of faun tail naevus treated by intense pulsed light. Ann Dermatol 2010; 21:147-9. [PMID: 20523773 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2009.21.2.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Accepted: 08/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A faun tail is abnormal lumbar hypertrichosis that is characterized by a wide, often triangular or lozenge-shaped patch of coarse hair, and this hair is usually several inches long. Faun tail is a rare entity. A 36-year-old male presented with a triangular shaped hair tuft with terminal hair on the lumbosacral area, and he'd had this unusual hair since birth. There were no neurologic signs or abnormality on his spine X-ray. The MRI scan showed disc degeneration and loss of lodordosis. We report here on a rare case of faun tail, which was a form of localized hypertrichosis on the lumbosacral area, and this was successfully treated with intense pulsed (IPL) light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye In Lee
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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38
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Mishra A, Nelson K, McNally S, Gorst C, McArthur P. Laser ablation of abnormal skin pigmentation post syndactyly release. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2010; 63:1753-5. [PMID: 20347411 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2010.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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DESAI SHRADDHA, MAHMOUD BASSELH, BHATIA ASHISHC, HAMZAVI ILTEFATH. Paradoxical Hypertrichosis After Laser Therapy: A Review. Dermatol Surg 2010; 36:291-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2009.01433.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There are few clinical studies directly comparing the efficacy of multiple hair removal systems in the same individual. This study evaluates the efficacy of four highly popular systems for laser hair removal. METHODS In this prospective comparison study, 10 subjects underwent treatment of unwanted hair on the back or thigh. Subjects were skin types I-III, aged 18-55 years. All were treated twice with (1) an intense pulsed light with a red filter; (2) an intense pulsed light with a yellow filter; (3) an 810 nm diode laser; and (4) a 755 nm alexandrite laser. Four treatment areas, using commonly accepted parameters for permanent hair reduction, as well as a control non-treated area were selected. Each treatment area was evaluated with a camera system specifically designed for hair counts at 1, 3, and 6 months after the second treatment by a blinded non-treating physician. Clinical results and adverse events were also noted. RESULTS Evaluation of photographs at 1, 3, and 6 months revealed a significant decrease in hair counts (approximately 50%) and hair coverage (approximately 55%). In the hairs that remained after two treatments, no statistical difference was noted in hair length or diameter. There was no statistical difference in efficacy between the four different light devices. Minimal transient adverse effects were noted from all systems. The cryogen spray-based alexandrite laser showed the highest pain scores. CONCLUSION Although hair removal with commonly used systems is, as expected, highly effective, treatment with light-based devices can cause less pain, yet show efficacy similar to laser systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal P Amin
- Skin Laser and Surgery Specialists of NY & NJ, and The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10022, USA
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the past century, unwanted hair has been traditionally treated with multitudes of techniques that were found to be slow, tedious, painful, impractical, and resulted in poor long-term efficacy. Consequently, there has been a public demand for a novel, rapid, reliable, safe, and affordable hair removal technique. In the last decade, laser and light-based technology for hair removal became one of the fastest growing procedures in modern cosmetic dermatology. OBJECTIVE To discuss the latest scientific and clinical issues in the field of photoepilation as evolved in the past decade: hair biology, laser physics and skin optics, technology and clinical experience. RESULTS From substantial clinical experience, it becomes apparent that in the ideal subject with fair skin and dark hair, a single treatment can reduce hair by 10-40%; three treatments by 30-70%; and repeated treatments by as much as 90%. These results persist for as long as 12 months. Diffuse and perifollicular cutaneous erythema and pigmentary changes are the most common adverse side effects. Most complications are generally temporary. CONCLUSIONS Photoepilation, when properly used, offers clear advantages when compared with older, traditional techniques. Although an ever-increasing number of published studies have confirmed the safety and short and long-term efficacy of photoepilation, the technology still has limits and risks.
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Kutlubay Z. Alexandrite laser hair removal results in 2359 patients: A Turkish experience. J COSMET LASER THER 2009; 11:85-93. [DOI: 10.1080/14764170902984903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Goh CL. Comparative study on a single treatment response to long pulse Nd:YAG lasers and intense pulse light therapy for hair removal on skin type IV to VI – Is longer wavelengths lasers preferred over shorter wavelengths lights for assisted hair removal. J DERMATOL TREAT 2009; 14:243-7. [PMID: 14660273 DOI: 10.1080/09546630310004171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the safety and effectiveness of a long pulsed Nd:YAG (1064nm) laser compared to a shorter wavelength intense pulse light system for assisted hair removal in volunteers with skin type 1V, V and VI. METHODS Eleven patients of Fitzpatrick skin type IV-VI were recruited into the study. The area treated included the face (upper lips, chin and jaw area), axillae and legs. One half of the body was treated with the long pulse Nd:YAG laser and the other half was treated with the IPL system randomly under topical anesthesia. Degree of pain experienced during treatment, the treatment outcome and any complications were observed. Patients were reviewed at 2 weeks and 6 weeks post-treatment. RESULTS Volunteers generally described pain from the IPL system as "prolonged burning sensation" but tolerable. Pain from Nd:YAG laser treatment was described as "pinprick" and more intense but tolerable. "Slowing of hair growth"was reported with IPL and Nd:YAG, but with a greater effect from Nd:YAG. Sixty-four percent and 73%(8/11) noticed hair reduction <20% after 6 weeks on IPL and Nd:YAG treated side respectively (ns). Post-inflammatory pigmentation occurred in some volunteers on the IPL treated sides whereas this was not seen on any Nd:YAG treated side, and three of these patients experienced blistering, followed by post-inflammatory pigmentation. CONCLUSION In our experience the long pulse width 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, which can penetrate 5-7 mm into the dermis depths to reach the whole length of the hair follicle, would be expected to produce sufficient follicular injury with less epidermal damage in patients with darker skin type compared to shorter wavelength laser and light system.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Goh
- Dermatological and Laser Surgery Unit, National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 305205.
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Shulman S, Bichler I. Ocular complications of laser-assisted eyebrow epilation. Eye (Lond) 2009; 23:982-3. [PMID: 19218989 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2008.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Halkiadakis I, Skouriotis S, Stefanaki C, Patsea E, Papakonstatndinou D, Amariotakis A, Georgopoulos GT. Iris atrophy and posterior synechiae as a complication of eyebrow laser epilation. J Am Acad Dermatol 2007; 57:S4-5. [PMID: 17637370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2006] [Revised: 07/25/2006] [Accepted: 07/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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