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Alkanli N, Ay A, Kehaya S, Sut N. Investigation of The Relationship Between IL-18 (-607 C/A), IL-18 (-137 G/C) Gene Variations and Ischemic Stroke Disease Development in Thrace Region of Turkey. Immunol Invest 2020; 50:634-645. [PMID: 32573302 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1782932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is a clinical condition characterized by focal or global cerebral dysfunction resulting from inhibition of brain blood flow. Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. As a result of IL-18 (-607 C/A, -137 G/C) gene variations, it is thought that binding of transcription factors may be affected and IL-18 mRNA expression can be modulated. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to investigate the roles of IL-18 (-607 C/A), IL-18 (-137 G/C) gene variations in the development of ischemic stroke in Trakya Region of Turkey. METHODS Our study was performed with 90 ischemic stroke patients and 89 healthy controls. Genotype distributions of IL-18 (-607 C/A, -137 G/C) gene variations were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. RESULTS GC genotype and CA genotype of IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variations were determined higher significantly in patent group as compared with other genotypes. However, the statistically significant difference was not determined between patients with ischemic stroke and healthy control groups in terms of IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variations (p > 0,05). Allele frequencies of IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) in patient and control groups were significantly different from the Hardy-Weinberg distribution (p < .001 for all). CONCLUSION Although these gene variations' genotype distributions were not determined as a genetic risk factor for the development of ischemic stroke, allele frequencies of IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) in patient and control groups were significantly different from the Hardy-Weinberg distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevra Alkanli
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, T.C. Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ay
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Kehaya
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Necdet Sut
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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Kucherenko AM, Pampukha VM, Drozhzhyna GI, Livshits LA. IL1β, IL6 and IL8 gene polymorphisms involvement in recurrent corneal erosion in patients with hereditary stromal corneal dystrophies. CYTOL GENET+ 2013. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452713030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sodsai P, Nakkuntod J, Kupatawintu P, Hirankarn N. Distribution of cytokine gene polymorphisms in Thai population. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2011; 77:593-7. [PMID: 21410656 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01647.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of 21 cytokine polymorphisms within 13 cytokine and cytokine receptor genes was analyzed in 102 healthy Thai individuals using the LIFECODES Cytokine SNP Typing kit. The TGFB codon25 marker is monomorphic in the Thai population. The IL1B+3962, IL6-174, and TNFA-238 are very rare polymorphisms, with only 0.01-0.04 minor allele frequency (MAF). The IL4-1098, IL1A-889, and IL10-1082 are found only 0.06-0.08 in Thai. Other cytokine polymorphisms (IL1B-511, IL1R pst1 1970, IL1RN mspa1 11100, IL4RA+1902, IL12B-1188, IFNG+874, TGFB codon10, TNFA-308, IL2-330, IL2+166, IL4-590, IL4-33, IL10-819, and IL10-592) in Thai have MAFs more than 0.10, ranging between 0.13 and 0.47. When comparing the allele and genotype frequencies with public single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) database, most cytokine polymorphisms in Thai show similar distribution to Han Chinese and Japanese, but significantly different from Caucasian and African populations. Only a few markers, including IL4A+1902, TNFA-308, IL1B+3962, and IL2+166 show statistically different distribution among Thai and other Asian populations especially with the Japanese.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sodsai
- Medical Microbiology Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Interleukin-7 receptor-alpha gene polymorphisms in bone marrow transplant recipients. Mol Biol Rep 2009; 37:27-31. [PMID: 19253027 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-009-9488-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease is the main complication after hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT). Non-HLA genotypes, such as cytokines, have been investigated for their potential roles in the occurrence and severity of GVHD as well as for their contribution to overall transplant-related mortality and survival. IL-7 which is secreted by bone marrow stromal cells plays an important role in the development and survival of T cells. Its effect is mediated via interleukin 7 receptor (IL7R). This study investigates the possible links between IL-7alphaR single nucleotide polymorphisms (+510 C/T, +1237 A/G, +2087 T/C and +3110A/G) and transplant outcomes among 116 recipients of HSCT. Genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers. No significant differences were observed between the genotypic distributions of IL-7alphaR polymorphisms and incidence of acute or chronic graft versus host disease. Additional studies with larger sample are necessary to further define the influence of IL-7alphaR on the immune response after bone marrow transplantation.
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Burns-Naas LA, Dearman RJ, Germolec DR, Kaminski NE, Kimber I, Ladics GS, Luebke RW, Pfau JC, Pruett SB. “Omics” Technologies and the Immune System. Toxicol Mech Methods 2008; 16:101-19. [DOI: 10.1080/15376520600558424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Germolec D, Burns-Naas L, Gerberick G, Ladics G, Ryan C, Pruett S, Yucesoy B, Luebke R. Immunotoxicogenomics. Genomics 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/9781420067064-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Sindhi R, Higgs BW, Weeks DE, AshokKumar C, Jaffe R, Kim C, Wilson P, Chien N, Glessner J, Talukdar A, Mazariegos G, Barmada MM, Frackleton E, Petro N, Eckert A, Hakonarson H, Ferrell R. Genetic variants in major histocompatibility complex-linked genes associate with pediatric liver transplant rejection. Gastroenterology 2008; 135:830-9, 839.e1-10. [PMID: 18639552 PMCID: PMC2956436 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2007] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/21/2008] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Limited access to large samples precludes genome-wide association studies of rare but complex traits. To localize candidate genes with family-based genome-wide association, a novel exploratory analysis was first tested on 1774 major histocompatibility complex single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 240 DNA samples from 80 children with primary liver transplantation and their biologic parents. METHODS Initially, 57 SNPs with large differences (P < .05) in minor allele frequencies were selected when parents of children with early rejection (rejectors) were compared with parents of nonrejectors. RESULTS In hypothesis testing of selected SNPs, the gamete competition statistic identified the minor allele G of the SNP rs9296068, near HLA-DOA, as being significantly different (P = .018) between outcome groups in parent-to-child transmission. Subsequent simple association testing confirmed over- and undertransmission of rs9296068 based on the most significant differences between outcome groups, of 1774 SNPs tested (P = .002), and allele (G) frequencies that were greater among rejectors (51.4% vs 36.8%, respectively, P = .015) and lower among nonrejectors (26.8% vs 36.8%, respectively, P = .074) compared with 400 normal control Caucasian children. In early functional validation, rejectors demonstrated significant repression of the first HLA-DOA exon closest to rs9296068. Also, intragraft B lymphocytes, whose antigen-presenting function is selectively inhibited by HLA-DOA were 3-fold more numerous during rejection among rejectors with the risk allele, than those without. CONCLUSIONS The minor allele of the SNP rs9296068 is significantly associated with liver transplantation rejection and with enhanced B-lymphocyte participation in rejection, likely because of a dysfunctional HLA-DOA gene product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Sindhi
- Hillman Center for Pediatric Transplantation, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
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Mahajan R, El-Omar EM, Lissowska J, Grillo P, Rabkin CS, Baccarelli A, Yeager M, Sobin LH, Zatonski W, Channock SJ, Chow WH, Hou L. Genetic variants in T helper cell type 1, 2 and 3 pathways and gastric cancer risk in a Polish population. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2008; 38:626-33. [PMID: 18687755 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyn075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Host immune responses are known determinants of gastric cancer susceptibility. We previously reported an increased gastric cancer risk associated with common variants of several T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine genes in a population-based case-control study in Warsaw, Poland. In the present study, we augmented our investigation to include additional Th1 genes as well as key genes in the Th2 and Th3 pathways. Analysis of 378 cases and 435 age- and sex-matched controls revealed associations for polymorphisms in the Th1 IL7R gene and one polymorphism in the Th2 IL5 gene. The odd ratios (ORs) for IL7R rs1494555 were 1.4 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0-1.9] for A/G and 1.5 (95% CI, 1.0-2.4) for G/G carriers relative to A/A carriers (P = 0.04). The ORs for IL5 rs2069812 were 0.9 (95% CI, 0.7-1.3) for C/T and 0.6 (95% CI, 0.3-1.0) T/T carriers compared with C/C carriers (P = 0.03). These results suggest that IL5 rs2069812 and IL7R rs1389832, rs1494556 and rs1494555 polymorphisms may contribute to gastric cancer etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Mahajan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
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Flores MG, Zhang S, Ha A, Holm B, Reitz BA, Morris RE, Borie DC. In vitro evaluation of the effects of candidate immunosuppressive drugs: flow cytometry and quantitative real-time PCR as two independent and correlated read-outs. J Immunol Methods 2006; 289:123-35. [PMID: 15251418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2004.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2003] [Revised: 04/06/2004] [Accepted: 04/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune monitoring may use flow cytometry or molecular biology techniques. Flow cytometry assays cells that are phenotypically characterized, whereas TaqMan RT-PCR starts with RNA extraction from unfractionated heterogeneous cell populations. We therefore wondered how the effects of immunosuppressive drugs on cytokine production in stimulated whole blood, as determined by flow cytometry, would correlate with those obtained with quantitative real-time PCR (TaqMan RT-PCR). METHODS Blood drawn from naive cynomolgus monkeys was exposed to incremental amounts of cyclosporine (CsA; 300, 600, 900 and 1200 ng/ml) or tacrolimus (TRL; 8, 20, 40 and 80 ng/ml) before lectin stimulation in vitro. Blood was then either stained for CD3, IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4, and TNF-alpha and analyzed on a flow cytometer with various gating strategies, or submitted to RNA extraction for analysis of the above mentioned cytokines mRNA transcripts using TaqMan RT-PCR. RESULTS Both methods revealed a parallel dose-dependent inhibition of cytokine production in stimulated blood. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)'s) ranged from 511-771 ng/ml (CsA) and 15-29 ng/ml (TRL) with flow cytometry, and from 275-529 ng/ml (CsA) and 11-48 ng/ml (TRL) with TaqMan RT-PCR for T-helper 1 cytokines. Both assays correlated well with a Pearson product moment correlation of 0.76. Extending gating from a CD3(+) gate to a lymphocyte gate improved correlation (r = 0.85) for all cytokines investigated (except IL-2; unchanged) whereas further extending gating resulted, to the contrary, in lower correlations. Independent of gating strategy a high correlation (r = 0.97) was observed when drug IC(50)'s were considered. CONCLUSIONS Flow cytometry and TaqMan RT-PCR may be used interchangeably to monitor the effects of candidate immunosuppressive drugs on cytokine mRNA production in lectin-stimulated whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona G Flores
- Transplantation Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Falk Cardiovascular Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5407, USA
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Rasmussen H, Werge T. A closed-tube assay for genotyping of the 32-bp deletion polymorphism in the chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) gene: dissociation analysis of amplified fragments of DNA. Mol Cell Probes 2006; 21:8-11. [PMID: 16879946 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2006.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2005] [Revised: 04/04/2006] [Accepted: 05/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a closed-tube assay for determination of the chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) 32-bp deletion allele, which protects against infections with HIV and modulates susceptibility to a variety of inflammatory diseases. This assay utilizes dissociation analysis of amplified products in the presence of Sybr Green I for allele discrimination. After having established robust conditions for the assay, we used it to genotype 590 unknown DNA samples. A blinded comparison with a procedure based upon agarose gel electrophoresis of amplified material revealed complete concordance between the two procedures. Our closed-tube assay is inexpensive and easy to carry out. Furthermore, it reduces or eliminates the risk of carry-over contamination with previously amplified products. The insights gained in this study can be applied to develop assays for genotyping of other insertion/deletion polymorphisms based upon differences in T(m) of allele-specific amplicons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Rasmussen
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, H:S Sct. Hans Hospital, 2 Boserupvej, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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Taylor JJ, Preshaw PM, Donaldson PT. Cytokine gene polymorphism and immunoregulation in periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000 2004; 35:158-82. [PMID: 15107062 DOI: 10.1111/j.0906-6713.2004.003561.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John J Taylor
- Oral Microbiology and Host Responses Group, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Abdel-Rahman SM, Kauffman RE. THEINTEGRATION OFPHARMACOKINETICS ANDPHARMACODYNAMICS: Understanding Dose-Response. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2004; 44:111-36. [PMID: 14744241 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) studies have proven to be powerful and instructive tools, particularly in elucidating important aspects of human pharmacology. Nevertheless, they remain imperfect tools in that they only allow researchers to indirectly extrapolate, through computational modeling, the dynamic processes of drug action. Furthermore, neither tool alone provides a complete nor necessarily relevant picture of drug action. This review explores the utility and applications of PK and PD in the study of drugs, provides examples of lessons learned from their application to studies of human pharmacology, points out some of their limitations, and advances the thesis that these tools ideally should be employed together in an integrated approach. As we continue to apply these tools across the continuum of age and disease, they provide a powerful means to enhance our understanding of drug action, drug interactions, and intrinsic host factors that influence pharmacologic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Abdel-Rahman
- Division of Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology and Medical Toxicology, The Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, USA.
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Abstract
Immunologists have typically viewed alloreactivity schematically as a function of antigen presentation, expansion of alloreactive T and B cells within regional lymphoid tissues, and cellular infiltration and destruction of an allograft. Actual details of the steps between immune activation and accumulation of effector cells within a graft typically have not received much attention. However, just how cells "know" to move to and migrate within a graft or not is proving to be of increasing interest, as the chemokine-dependent mechanisms underlying leukocyte recruitment to a transplant are dissected. Experimentally, chemokine receptor targeting can prolong or induce permanent allograft survival, despite preservation of alloresponses within secondary lymphoid tissues, whereas current immunosuppressive protocols have only modest effects on chemokine production and leukocyte homing. Recent knowledge of the chemokine-dependent nature of allograft rejection, acceptance, and tolerance induction are presented as a basis for understanding the rationale for preclinical trials of chemokine receptor-targeted therapies currently underway in primate recipients of solid organ allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne W Hancock
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4318, USA.
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Jin P, Wang E. Polymorphism in clinical immunology - From HLA typing to immunogenetic profiling. J Transl Med 2003; 1:8. [PMID: 14624696 PMCID: PMC280736 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-1-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2003] [Accepted: 11/18/2003] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathology of humans, in contrast to that of inbred laboratory animals faces the challenge of diversity addressed in genetic terms as polymorphism. Thus, unsurprisingly, treatment modalities that successfully can be applied to carefully-selected pre-clinical models only sporadically succeed in the clinical arena. Indeed, pre-fabricated experimental models purposefully avoid the basic essence of human pathology: the uncontrollable complexity of disease heterogeneity and the intrinsic diversity of human beings. Far from pontificating on this obvious point, this review presents emerging evidence that the study of complex system such as the cytokine network is further complicated by inter-individual differences dictated by increasingly recognized polymorphisms. Polymorphism appears widespread among genes of the immune system possibly resulting from an evolutionary adaptation of the organism facing an ever evolving environment. We will refer to this high variability of immune-related genes as immune polymorphism. In this review we will briefly highlight the possible clinical relevance of immune polymorphism and suggest a change in the approach to the study of human pathology, from the targeted study of individual systems to a broader view of the organism as a whole through immunogenetic profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jin
- Immunogenetics Section – Department of Transfusion Medicine – Clinical Center – National Institutes of Health Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Ena Wang
- Immunogenetics Section – Department of Transfusion Medicine – Clinical Center – National Institutes of Health Bethesda, Maryland USA
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