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Osorio D, Maldonado D, Rijs K, van der Marel C, Klimek M, Calvache JA. Efficacy of different routes of acetaminophen administration for postoperative pain in children: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Can J Anaesth 2024:10.1007/s12630-024-02760-y. [PMID: 38622469 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-024-02760-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Acetaminophen is the most common drug used to treat acute pain in the pediatric population, given its wide safety margin, low cost, and multiple routes for administration. We sought to determine the most efficacious route of acetaminophen administration for postoperative acute pain relief in the pediatric surgical population. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included children aged between 30 days and 17 yr who underwent any type of surgical procedure and that evaluated the analgesic efficacy of different routes of administration of acetaminophen for the treatment of postoperative pain. We searched MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Embase, CINAHL, LILACs, and Google Scholar databases for trials published from inception to 16 April 2023. We assessed the risk of bias in the included studies using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 1.0 tool. We performed a frequentist network meta-analysis using a random-effects model. Our primary outcome was postoperative pain using validated pain scales. RESULTS We screened 2,344 studies and included 14 trials with 829 participants in the analysis. We conducted a network meta-analysis for the period from zero to two hours, including six trials with 496 participants. There was no evidence of differences between intravenous vs rectal routes of administration of acetaminophen (difference in means, -0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.62 to 0.06; very low certainty of the evidence) and intravenous vs oral acetaminophen (difference in means, -0.60; 95% CI, -1.20 to 0.01; low certainty of the evidence). For the comparison of oral vs rectal routes, we found evidence favouring the oral route (difference in means, -0.88; 95% CI, -1.44 to -0.31; low certainty of the evidence). Few trials reported secondary outcomes of interest; when comparing the oral and rectal routes in the incidence of nausea and vomiting, there was no evidence of differences (relative risk, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.78). CONCLUSION The available evidence on the effect of the administration route of acetaminophen on postoperative pain in children is very uncertain. The outcomes of postoperative pain control and postoperative vomiting may differ very little between the oral and rectal route. Better designed and executed RCTs are required to address this important clinical question. STUDY REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42021286495); first submitted 19 November 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Osorio
- Department of Anesthesiology, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
| | - Diana Maldonado
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Koen Rijs
- Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus University MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Markus Klimek
- Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus University MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jose A Calvache
- Department of Anesthesiology, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus University MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus University MC, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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2
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Marseglia GL, Ciprandi G. Clinical use of ketoprofen lysine salt: a reappraisal in adolescents with acute respiratory infections. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:76-82. [PMID: 37937499 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i6.918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Upper respiratory infections are widespread, and they are mainly of viral etiology. It has to be remarked that every infection is always associated with an inflammatory response. Inflammation implicates a cascade of bothersome symptoms, including fever, pain (headache, myalgia, and arthralgia), malaise, and respiratory complaints. As a result, anti-inflammatory medications could be beneficial as they act on different pathogenetic pathways. The ketoprofen lysine salt (KLS) has a potent anti-inflammatory activity associated with effective analgesic and antipyretic effects and has a valuable safety profile. However, adolescents present peculiar psychological characteristics that determine their difficulty to be managed. In this regard, an adolescent with a respiratory infection requires a prompt and adequate cure. KLS, thanks to its pharmacologic profile, could be favorably used in this regard. A recent primary-care experience outlined its effectiveness in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Luigi Marseglia
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy;
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3
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Sychev DA, Morozova TE, Shatskiy DA, Shikh NV, Shikh EV, Andrushchyshina TB, Lukina MV, Kachanova AA, Sozaeva ZA, Abdullaev SP, Denisenko NP, Ryzhikova KA. Effect of CYP2C9, PTGS-1 and PTGS-2 gene polymorphisms on the efficiency and safety of postoperative analgesia with ketoprofen. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2022; 37:361-368. [PMID: 35705023 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2021-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients undergoing cardiac surgery develop post-sternotomy pain syndrome. The aim of this study was evaluation of the influence of CYP2C9, PTGS-1 and PTGS-2 genes polymorphisms on the efficacy and safety of postoperative analgesia with ketoprofen in patients with coronary artery disease after cardiac surgery. METHODS The study included 90 patients undergoing cardiac surgery. A real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Pain intensity was measured by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Dyspeptic symptoms were evaluated using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS). Acute kidney injury (AKI) was determined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. RESULTS Pain intensity by the NRS score was significantly higher in patients with CYP2C9*3 АA genotype compared to АC genotype: 7 [1,10] and 6 [2,7] (p=0.003); 7 [1,10] and 6 [2,7] (p=0.04); 6 [0; 10] and 5 [2,6] (p=0.04); 5 [0; 8] and 3 [0; 8] (p=0.02), on days 1, 2, 3 and 5 in the postoperative period, respectively. GSRS score was higher in patients with CYP2C9*2 CT genotype compared to CС genotype: 19 [15; 42] and 18 [15,36] (p=0.04), respectively. There were no significant differences in the pain intensity, dyspepsia severity and AKI frequency in patients with homozygous and heterozygous genotypes for PTGS-1 rs10306135, PTGS-1 rs12353214, PTGS-2 rs20417. CONCLUSIONS CYP2C9*3 and CYP2C9*2 gene polymorphisms may affect efficacy and safety of postoperative analgesia with ketoprofen in patients with coronary artery disease after cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Sychev
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana E Morozova
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry A Shatskiy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda V Shikh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniya V Shikh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana B Andrushchyshina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Maria V Lukina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Internal Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia A Kachanova
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Zhannet A Sozaeva
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sherzod P Abdullaev
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia P Denisenko
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kristina A Ryzhikova
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
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4
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Vaudin P, Augé C, Just N, Mhaouty-Kodja S, Mortaud S, Pillon D. When pharmaceutical drugs become environmental pollutants: Potential neural effects and underlying mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 205:112495. [PMID: 34883077 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical drugs have become consumer products, with a daily use for some of them. The volume of production and consumption of drugs is such that they have become environmental pollutants. Their transfer to wastewater through urine, feces or rinsing in case of skin use, associated with partial elimination by wastewater treatment plants generalize pollution in the hydrosphere, including drinking water, sediments, soils, the food chain and plants. Here, we review the potential effects of environmental exposure to three classes of pharmaceutical drugs, i.e. antibiotics, antidepressants and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, on neurodevelopment. Experimental studies analyzing their underlying modes of action including those related to endocrine disruption, and molecular mechanisms including epigenetic modifications are presented. In addition, the contribution of brain imaging to the assessment of adverse effects of these three classes of pharmaceuticals is approached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Vaudin
- Physiologie de La Reproduction et des Comportements, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, PRC, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - Corinne Augé
- UMR 1253, IBrain, University of Tours, INSERM, 37000, Tours, France
| | - Nathalie Just
- Physiologie de La Reproduction et des Comportements, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, PRC, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Sakina Mhaouty-Kodja
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Mortaud
- Immunologie et Neurogénétique Expérimentales et Moléculaires, UMR7355, CNRS, Université D'Orléans, 45000, Orléans, France
| | - Delphine Pillon
- Physiologie de La Reproduction et des Comportements, CNRS, IFCE, INRAE, Université de Tours, PRC, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
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Structural Analysis of Human Serum Albumin in Complex with the Fibrate Drug Gemfibrozil. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031769. [PMID: 35163693 PMCID: PMC8836495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gemfibrozil (GEM) is an orally administered lipid-regulating fibrate derivative drug sold under the brand name Lopid®, among others. Since its approval in the early 80s, GEM has been largely applied to treat hypertriglyceridemia and other disorders of lipid metabolism. Though generally well tolerated, GEM can alter the distribution and the free, active concentration of some co-administered drugs, leading to adverse effects. Most of them appear to be related to the ability of GEM to bind with high affinity human serum albumin (HSA), the major drug-carrier protein in blood plasma. Here, we report the crystal structure of HSA in complex with GEM. Two binding sites have been identified, namely Sudlow’s binding sites I (FA7) and II (FA3–FA4). A comparison of the crystal structure of HSA in complex with GEM with those of other previously described HSA–drug complexes enabled us to appreciate the analogies and differences in their respective binding modes. The elucidation of the molecular interaction between GEM and HSA might offer the basis for the development of novel GEM derivatives that can be safely and synergistically co-administered with other drugs, enabling augmented therapeutic efficacies.
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Ziesenitz VC, Welzel T, van Dyk M, Saur P, Gorenflo M, van den Anker JN. Efficacy and Safety of NSAIDs in Infants: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature of the Past 20 Years. Paediatr Drugs 2022; 24:603-655. [PMID: 36053397 PMCID: PMC9592650 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-022-00514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used in infants, children, and adolescents worldwide; however, despite sufficient evidence of the beneficial effects of NSAIDs in children and adolescents, there is a lack of comprehensive data in infants. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the safety and efficacy of various NSAIDs used in infants for which data are available, and includes ibuprofen, dexibuprofen, ketoprofen, flurbiprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, ketorolac, indomethacin, niflumic acid, meloxicam, celecoxib, parecoxib, rofecoxib, acetylsalicylic acid, and nimesulide. The efficacy of NSAIDs has been documented for a variety of conditions, such as fever and pain. NSAIDs are also the main pillars of anti-inflammatory treatment, such as in pediatric inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Limited data are available on the safety of most NSAIDs in infants. Adverse drug reactions may be renal, gastrointestinal, hematological, or immunologic. Since NSAIDs are among the most frequently used drugs in the pediatric population, safety and efficacy studies can be performed as part of normal clinical routine, even in young infants. Available data sources, such as (electronic) medical records, should be used for safety and efficacy analyses. On a larger scale, existing data sources, e.g. adverse drug reaction programs/networks, spontaneous national reporting systems, and electronic medical records should be assessed with child-specific methods in order to detect safety signals pertinent to certain pediatric age groups or disease entities. To improve the safety of NSAIDs in infants, treatment needs to be initiated with the lowest age-appropriate or weight-based dose. Duration of treatment and amount of drug used should be regularly evaluated and maximum dose limits and other recommendations by the manufacturer or expert committees should be followed. Treatment for non-chronic conditions such as fever and acute (postoperative) pain should be kept as short as possible. Patients with chronic conditions should be regularly monitored for possible adverse effects of NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria C. Ziesenitz
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Diseases, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.6612.30000 0004 1937 0642Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, University Children’s Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tatjana Welzel
- grid.6612.30000 0004 1937 0642Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, University Children’s Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland ,grid.411544.10000 0001 0196 8249Pediatric Rheumatology and Autoinflammatory Reference Center, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Madelé van Dyk
- grid.1014.40000 0004 0367 2697Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - Patrick Saur
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Diseases, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Gorenflo
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Diseases, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes N. van den Anker
- grid.6612.30000 0004 1937 0642Pediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, University Children’s Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland ,grid.239560.b0000 0004 0482 1586Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington DC, USA ,grid.416135.40000 0004 0649 0805Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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7
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Yu Y, Yang Q, Wang Z, Ding Q, Li M, Fang Y, He Q, Zhu YZ. The Anti-Inflammation and Anti-Nociception Effect of Ketoprofen in Rats Could Be Strengthened Through Co-Delivery of a H 2S Donor, S-Propargyl-Cysteine. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5863-5875. [PMID: 34785926 PMCID: PMC8590460 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s333326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ketoprofen (KETO) is a traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) with good analgesic and antipyretic effects. However, as NASIDs, the toxicity of KETO towards gastrointestinal (GI) system might limit its clinical use. S-propargyl-cysteine (SPRC) is an excellent endogenous H2S donor showed wide application in the field of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, or even the protection of cardiovascular system through the elevation of endogenous H2S concentration. As recently studies reported, co-administration of H2S donor might potentially mitigate the GI toxicity and relevant side effects induced by series of NSAIDs. METHODS In this study, we established a SPRC and KETO co-encapsulated poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microsphere (SK@MS), and its particle size, morphology, storage stability and in vitro release profile were firstly investigated. The elevation of endogenous H2S level of SK@MS was then calculated, and the pharmacodynamic study (anti-inflammation and analgesic effects) of SK@MS, SPRC, and KETO towards adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) in rats were also studied. Finally, to test the potential side effect, the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine were resected from rats and examined by H&E staining. RESULTS A monodispersed SK@MS could be observed under the SEM, and particle size was calculated around 25.12 μm. The loading efficiency (LE) for SPRC and KETO were 6.67% and 2.64%, respectively, while the encapsulation efficiency (EE) for SPRC and KETO were 37.20% and 68.28%, respectively. SK@MS showed a sustained release of SPRC and KETO in vitro, which was up-to 15 days. SK@MS could achieve a long-term elevation of the H2S concentration in vivo, while SPRC showed an instant H2S elevation and metabolize within 6 h. Interestingly, the KETO did not show any influence on the H2S concentration in vivo. After establishment of AIA model, neither SPRC nor KETO showed scarcely anti-inflammation and anti-nociception effect, while conversely, SK@MS showed an obvious mitigation towards paw edema and pain in AIA rats, which indicated an improved anti-inflammation and anti-nociception effect when co-delivery of SRC and KETO. Besides, low stimulation towards major organs in rats observed in any experimental group. CONCLUSION A monodispersed was successfully prepared in this study, and SK@MS showed a sustained SPRC and KETO release in vitro and H2S release in vivo. In the pharmacodynamics study, SK@MS not only exhibited an excellent anti-inflammation and analgesic effects in AIA rats but also showed low stimulation towards rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine & School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine & School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine & School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine & School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine & School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine & School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Qida He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine & School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine & School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules & School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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8
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Morozova TE, Shatsky DA, Shikh NV, Shikh EV, Andrushchyshina TB, Lukina MV, Kachanova AA, Sozaeva ZA, Shuev GN, Denisenko NP, Grishina EА, Sychev DA. Pharmacogenetic Aspects of Postoperative Anesthesia with Ketoprofen in Cardiac Surgery Patients. RATIONAL PHARMACOTHERAPY IN CARDIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.20996/1819-6446-2021-10-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. Evaluation of the effect of polymorphisms of the CYP2D6, CYP2C8 genes on the efficacy and safety of postoperative analgesia with ketoprofen in patients with coronary artery disease after cardiac surgery.Material and methods. The study included 90 patients with an established diagnosis of coronary artery disease and postoperative period after cardiac surgery. Patients received ketoprofen 100 mg intramuscularly 2 times a day for 5 days. The intensity of pain was rated by Numeric Rating Scale. The severity of dyspepsia was assessed by the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) questionnaire. DNA was isolated from venous blood using an automated system. Single nucleotide polymorphisms CYP2C8 (C>T) rs11572080, CYP2D6*4 (1846G>A) rs3892097 were determined by the real-time polymerase chain reaction method.Results. In patients with genotypes GA and GG for the allelic variant CYP2D6*4, significant differences in the intensity of pain syndrome were found on days 4 and 5 of the postoperative period: 3,91±2,17 and 4,95±1,8 points (p=0,04), 3,52±1,95 and 4,5±1,7 points (p=0,04) in patients with GA and GG genotypes on days 4 and 5, respectively. In patients with the CT genotype for the CYP2C8 rs11572080, the severity of dyspepsia by GSRS was significantly higher than in patients with the CC genotype: 22,67±7,64 and 18,97±4,25 points, respectively.Conclusion. Patients with the GA genotype for the CYP2D6*4 allelic variant showed a lower intensity of pain syndrome than the GG genotype. In patients with the CT genotype for the CYP2C8 rs11572080, higher dyspepsia was revealed than in the CC genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. E. Morozova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - D. A. Shatsky
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - N. V. Shikh
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - E. V. Shikh
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | | | - M. V. Lukina
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - A. A. Kachanova
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education
| | - Z. A. Sozaeva
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education
| | - G. N. Shuev
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education
| | - N. P. Denisenko
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education
| | - E. А. Grishina
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education
| | - D. A. Sychev
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education
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Rugytė D, Gudaitytė J. Intravenous Paracetamol in Adjunct to Intravenous Ketoprofen for Postoperative Pain in Children Undergoing General Surgery: A Double-Blinded Randomized Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55040086. [PMID: 30939851 PMCID: PMC6524359 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The combination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and paracetamol is widely used for pediatric postoperative pain management, although the evidence of superiority of a combination over either drug alone is insufficient. We aimed to find out if intravenous (i.v.) paracetamol in a dose of 60 mg kg-1 24 h-¹, given in addition to i.v. ketoprofen (4.5 mg kg-1 24 h-¹), improves analgesia, physical recovery, and satisfaction with postoperative well-being in children and adolescents following moderate and major general surgery. Materials and Methods: Fifty-four patients were randomized to receive either i.v. paracetamol or normal saline as a placebo in adjunct to i.v. ketoprofen. For rescue analgesia in patients after moderate surgery, i.v. tramadol (2 mg kg-¹ up two doses in 24 h), and for children after major surgery, i.v. morphine-patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) were available. The main outcome measure was the amount of opioid consumed during the first 24 h after surgery. Pain level at 1 and over 24 h, time until the resumption of normal oral fluid intake, spontaneous urination after surgery, and satisfaction with postoperative well-being were also assessed. Results: Fifty-one patients (26 in the placebo group and 25 in the paracetamol group) were studied. There was no difference in required rescue tramadol doses (n = 11 in each group) or 24-h morphine consumption (mean difference (95% CI): 0.06 (⁻0.17; 0.29) or pain scores between placebo and paracetamol groups. In patients given morphine-PCA, time to normal fluid intake was faster in the paracetamol than the placebo subgroup: median difference (95% CI): 7.5 (1.3; 13.7) h, p = 0.02. Parental satisfaction score was higher in the paracetamol than the placebo group (mean difference: ⁻1.3 (⁻2.5; ⁻0.06), p = 0.04). Conclusions: There were no obvious benefits to opioid requirement or analgesia of adding regular intravenous paracetamol to intravenous ketoprofen in used doses. However, intravenous paracetamol may contribute to faster recovery of normal functions and higher satisfaction with postoperative well-being.
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MESH Headings
- Acetaminophen/administration & dosage
- Acetaminophen/adverse effects
- Administration, Intravenous
- Adolescent
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/administration & dosage
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/adverse effects
- Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage
- Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Double-Blind Method
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Infant
- Ketoprofen/administration & dosage
- Male
- Morphine/administration & dosage
- Morphine/therapeutic use
- Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy
- Patient Satisfaction
- Statistics, Nonparametric
- Tramadol/administration & dosage
- Tramadol/therapeutic use
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Danguolė Rugytė
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Jūratė Gudaitytė
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307Kaunas, Lithuania.
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Azuma M, Fujii M, Inoue M, Hisada H, Koide T, Kemper M, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki N, Suzuki T, Fukami T. Molecular State of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Ketoprofen Dermal Patches Characterized by Pharmaceutical Evaluation. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:1348-1354. [PMID: 30175772 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The molecular states of ketoprofen and the interaction between ketoprofen and other pharmaceutical excipients in the matrix layer were examined to determine their effect on the pharmaceutical properties of original and generic ketoprofen dermal patches (generic patches A and B). Molecular states of ketoprofen were evaluated using polarized light microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. For the original ketoprofen patch, crystalline components were not observed in the matrix layer. However, crystalline ketoprofen was observed in the two generic ketoprofen patches. Moreover, the ketoprofen exhibited hydrogen bonding with the pharmaceutical excipients or patch materials in the generic products. Skin permeation of ketoprofen from the patches was evaluated using hairless mouse skin. Twelve hours after application, the original patch demonstrated the highest level of cumulative skin permeation of ketoprofen. This was followed by generic patch B while generic patch A showed the lowest level of permeation. Fluxes were calculated from the skin permeation profiles. The original patch was approx. 2.4-times faster compared with generic patch A and approximately 1.9-times faster compared with generic patch B. This investigation suggested that pharmaceutical properties such as skin permeability for these types of products are affected by the precipitation of crystalline ketoprofen in the matrix layer and the interaction of ketoprofen with the pharmaceutical excipients or patch materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoshige Azuma
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University
| | - Mika Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University
| | - Motoki Inoue
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University
| | - Hiroshi Hisada
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University
| | - Tatsuo Koide
- Division of Drugs, National Institute of Health Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | - Toshiro Fukami
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University
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11
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Vittinghoff M, Lönnqvist PA, Mossetti V, Heschl S, Simic D, Colovic V, Dmytriiev D, Hölzle M, Zielinska M, Kubica-Cielinska A, Lorraine-Lichtenstein E, Budić I, Karisik M, Maria BDJ, Smedile F, Morton NS. Postoperative pain management in children: Guidance from the pain committee of the European Society for Paediatric Anaesthesiology (ESPA Pain Management Ladder Initiative). Paediatr Anaesth 2018; 28:493-506. [PMID: 29635764 DOI: 10.1111/pan.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The main remit of the European Society for Paediatric Anaesthesiology (ESPA) Pain Committee is to improve the quality of pain management in children. The ESPA Pain Management Ladder is a clinical practice advisory based upon expert consensus to help to ensure a basic standard of perioperative pain management for all children. Further steps are suggested to improve pain management once a basic standard has been achieved. The guidance is grouped by the type of surgical procedure and layered to suggest basic, intermediate, and advanced pain management methods. The committee members are aware that there are marked differences in financial and personal resources in different institutions and countries and also considerable variations in the availability of analgesic drugs across Europe. We recommend that the guidance should be used as a framework to guide best practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittinghoff
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Per-Arne Lönnqvist
- Paediatric Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Section of Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valeria Mossetti
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefan Heschl
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dusica Simic
- University Children's Hospital, Medical Faculty University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Colovic
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals, Manchester, UK
| | - Dmytro Dmytriiev
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Vinnitsa National Medical University, Vinnitsa, Ukraine
| | - Martin Hölzle
- Section of Paediatric Anaesthesia, Department of Anaesthesia, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Marzena Zielinska
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kubica-Cielinska
- Department of Paediatric Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Ivana Budić
- Centre for Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Clinical Centre Nis Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Marijana Karisik
- Institute for Children Diseases, Department of Anaesthesiology, Clinical Centre of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Belen De Josè Maria
- Department of Pediatric Anesthesia, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Smedile
- Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Neil S Morton
- Paediatric Anaesthesia and Pain Management, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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12
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Zeilmaker GA, Pokorna P, Mian P, Wildschut ED, Knibbe CAJ, Krekels EHJ, Allegaert K, Tibboel D. Pharmacokinetic considerations for pediatric patients receiving analgesia in the intensive care unit; targeting postoperative, ECMO and hypothermia patients. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2018; 14:417-428. [PMID: 29623729 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2018.1461836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adequate postoperative analgesia in pediatric patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) matters, since untreated pain is associated with negative outcomes. Compared to routine postoperative patients, children undergoing hypothermia (HT) or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), or recovering after cardiac surgery likely display non-maturational differences in pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD). These differences warrant additional dosing recommendations to optimize pain treatment. Areas covered: Specific populations within the ICU will be discussed with respect to expected variations in PK and PD for various analgesics. We hereby move beyond maturational changes and focus on why PK/PD may be different in children undergoing HT, ECMO or cardiac surgery. We provide a stepwise manner to develop PK-based dosing regimens using population PK approaches in these populations. Expert opinion: A one-dose to size-fits-all for analgesia is suboptimal, but for several commonly used analgesics the impact of HT, ECMO or cardiac surgery on average PK parameters in children is not yet sufficiently known. Parameters considering both maturational and non-maturational covariates are important to develop population PK-based dosing advices as part of a strategy to optimize pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerdien A Zeilmaker
- a Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Paula Pokorna
- a Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , The Netherlands.,b Department of Pediatrics, General Faculty Hospital Prague, First Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic.,c Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine , Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Paola Mian
- a Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Enno D Wildschut
- a Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Catherijne A J Knibbe
- d Division of Pharmacology , LACDR, Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands.,e Department of Clinical Pharmacy , St. Antonius Hospital , Nieuwegein , The Netherlands
| | - Elke H J Krekels
- d Division of Pharmacology , LACDR, Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Karel Allegaert
- a Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , The Netherlands.,f Department of Development and Regeneration , KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Dick Tibboel
- a Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery , Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , The Netherlands
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13
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Cyclooxygenase enzyme activity does not impair respiratory motor plasticity after one night of intermittent hypoxia. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2017; 256:21-28. [PMID: 29233741 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although inflammation is prevalent in many clinical disorders challenging breathing, we are only beginning to understand the impact of inflammation on neural mechanisms of respiratory control. We recently demonstrated one form of respiratory motor plasticity is extremely sensitive to even mild inflammation induced by a single night (8 h) of intermittent hypoxia (IH-1), mimicking aspects of obstructive sleep apnea. Specifically, phrenic long-term facilitation (pLTF) following moderate acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) is abolished by IH-1, but restored by high doses of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketoprofen. Since a major target of ketoprofen is cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, we tested the involvement of COX in IH-1 suppression of pLTF using the selective COX inhibitor NS-398. Systemic COX inhibition (3 mg/kg, i.p., 3 h before AIH) had no effect on pLTF in normoxia treated rats (76 ± 40% change from baseline, n = 6), and did not restore pLTF in IH-1 treated rats (-9 ± 7% baseline, n = 6). Similarly, spinal COX inhibition (27 mM, 12 μl, i.t.) had no effect on pLTF in normoxic rats (76 ± 34% baseline, n = 7), and did not significantly restore pLTF after IH-1 (37 ± 18% baseline, n = 7). COX-2 protein is expressed in identified phrenic motor neurons of both normoxia and IH-1 exposed rats, but immunolabeling was minimal in surrounding microglia; IH-1 had no discernable effect on COX-2 immunoreactivity. We conclude that the inflammatory impairment of pLTF by IH-1 is independent of COX enzyme activity or upregulated COX-2 expression.
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Brandolini L, d'Angelo M, Antonosante A, Villa S, Cristiano L, Castelli V, Benedetti E, Catanesi M, Aramini A, Luini A, Parashuraman S, Mayo E, Giordano A, Cimini A, Allegretti M. Differential protein modulation by ketoprofen and ibuprofen underlines different cellular response by gastric epithelium. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2304-2312. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life; Health and Environmental Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - Andrea Antonosante
- Department of Life; Health and Environmental Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - Sara Villa
- Department of Life; Health and Environmental Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - Loredana Cristiano
- Department of Life; Health and Environmental Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life; Health and Environmental Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - Elisabetta Benedetti
- Department of Life; Health and Environmental Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - Mariano Catanesi
- Department of Life; Health and Environmental Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - Andrea Aramini
- Dompé Farmaceutici Spa; via Campo di Pile; L'Aquila Italy
| | - Alberto Luini
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP); National Research Council (CNR); Napoli Italy
| | | | - Emilia Mayo
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP); National Research Council (CNR); Napoli Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine; Department of Biology; Temple University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine; Surgery and Neuroscience; University of Siena; Siena Italy
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life; Health and Environmental Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine; Department of Biology; Temple University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
- Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS); National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN); Assergi Italy
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15
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Porażka J, Karbownik A, Murawa D, Spychała A, Firlej M, Grabowski T, Murawa P, Grześkowiak E, Szałek E. The pharmacokinetics of oral ketoprofen in patients after gastric resection. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 69:296-299. [PMID: 28178590 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total and partial gastric resection may affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs, especially orally administered a few days after surgery. Ketoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) broadly used to treat postoperative pain, including patients after gastric resection. The aim of the research was to analyse the pharmacokinetics (PK) of orally administered ketoprofen in patients after gastrectomy. METHODS The research was carried out on two groups of patients after total (TG; Roux-Y procedure) and partial (PG; Billroth II procedure) gastrectomy. The patients in group TG (n=15; mean [SD] age 61.86 [14.15] years; and BMI 24.20 [3.73] kg/m2) and group PG (n=5; mean [SD] age 62.40 [16.80] years; and BMI 23.98 [3.45] kg/m2) received ketoprofen in a single oral dose of 100mg. The measurement of ketoprofen plasma concentrations was made by means of the HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) method. RESULTS The PK parameters in group TG and PG were as follows: maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), 3.42 [0.99] and 4.66 [0.81] mg/l (p=0.0220); area under the plasma concentration-time curve from zero to infinity (AUC0-∞), 9.12 [2.78] and 9.17 [2.87] mg×h/ml (p=0.9734); area under the first moment curve from zero to the time of infinity (AUMC0-∞), 25.95 [8.52] and 26.53 [11.43] mg×h2/l (p=0.9056); time to reach maximum concentration (tmax), 0.47 [0.25] and 0.55 [0.27] h (p=0.5327), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Lower concentrations of ketoprofen in patients after gastrectomy suggest that it might be necessary to apply higher dose of the analgesic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Porażka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Karbownik
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dawid Murawa
- 1st Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Wielkopolska Cancer Centre, Poznań, Poland; College of Health, Beauty Care and Education, Faculty of Cosmetology and Educational Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Spychała
- 1st Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Wielkopolska Cancer Centre, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Firlej
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Murawa
- 1st Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Wielkopolska Cancer Centre, Poznań, Poland
| | - Edmund Grześkowiak
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Edyta Szałek
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Abstract
Laparoscopic surgery is widespread, and an increasing number of surgeries are performed laparoscopically. Early pain after laparoscopy can be similar or even more severe than that after open surgery. Thus, proactive pain management should be provided. Pain after laparoscopic surgery is derived from multiple origins; therefore, a single agent is seldom sufficient. Pain is most effectively controlled by a multimodal, preventive analgesia approach, such as combining opioids with non-opioid analgesics and local anaesthetics. Wound and port site local anaesthetic injections decrease abdominal wall pain by 1-1.5 units on a 0-10 pain scale. Inflammatory pain and shoulder pain can be controlled by NSAIDs or corticosteroids. In some patient groups, adjuvant drugs, ketamine and α2-adrenergic agonists can be helpful, but evidence on gabapentinoids is conflicting. In the present review, the types of pain that need to be taken into account while planning pain management protocols and the wide range of analgesic options that have been assessed in laparoscopic surgery are critically assessed. Recommendations to the clinician will be made regarding how to manage acute pain and how to prevent persistent postoperative pain. It is important to identify patients at the highest risk for severe and prolonged post-operative pain, and to have a proactive strategy in place for these individuals.
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17
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Piirainen A, Kokki H, Immonen S, Eskelinen M, Häkkinen MR, Hautajärvi H, Kokki M. A Dose-Finding Study of Dexketoprofen in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial on Effects on the Analgesic Concentration of Oxycodone. Drugs R D 2016; 15:319-28. [PMID: 26364041 PMCID: PMC4662948 DOI: 10.1007/s40268-015-0107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dexketoprofen has been shown to provide efficient analgesia and an opioid-sparing effect after orthopedic surgery. In this dose-finding study, we evaluated the analgesic efficacy and opioid-sparing effect of dexketoprofen administered intravenously (i.v.) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCC). Methods Twenty-four patients undergoing LCC were randomized to receive dexketoprofen 10 or 50 mg i.v. 15 min before the end of the surgery. Subjects were provided with 0.2 mg/kg of oxycodone at anesthesia induction. In the recovery room, pain was assessed with an 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS; score of 0 = no pain, score of 10 = most severe pain) every 10 min. When the NRS score was ≥3/10 at rest or ≥5/10 at wound compression, a plasma sample was taken for analysis of oxycodone [to determine the minimum effective concentration (MEC)], its metabolites, and dexketoprofen. After that, subjects were titrated with oxycodone 2 or 3 mg i.v. every 10 min until the NRS score was <3/10 at rest and <5/10 at wound compression. At this point, a second plasma sample was taken for analysis of oxycodone [minimum effective analgesic concentration (MEAC)], its metabolites, and dexketoprofen. Results At the onset of pain, the plasma oxycodone concentrations (MEC) were similar in the two groups: median 60 ng/mL (range 37–73) in the 10 mg group and median 52 ng/mL (range 24–79) in the 50 mg group. At the time of pain relief, the MEACs were 98 ng/mL (range 59–150) in the 10 mg group and 80 ng/mL (range 45–128) in the 50 mg group. The total doses of oxycodone needed to achieve pain relief were similar: 0.11 mg/kg (range 0–0.33) in the 10 mg group and 0.08 mg/kg (range 0–0.24) in the 50 mg group. Eleven subjects developed mild desaturation or a decreased respiratory rate after oxycodone titration. Conclusion In the present double-blinded, randomized clinical trial, the need for a rescue opioid analgesic, oxycodone, was similar with the two dose levels of dexketoprofen—10 and 50 mg i.v.—after LCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Piirainen
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Anesthesia and Operative Services, Kuopio University Hospital, PO Box 100, 70029, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hannu Kokki
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Anesthesia and Operative Services, Kuopio University Hospital, PO Box 100, 70029, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Satu Immonen
- Department of Anesthesia and Operative Services, Kuopio University Hospital, PO Box 100, 70029, Kuopio, Finland.,School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matti Eskelinen
- Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Merja Kokki
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. .,Department of Anesthesia and Operative Services, Kuopio University Hospital, PO Box 100, 70029, Kuopio, Finland.
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18
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Li X, Zhou M, Xia Q, Li J. Parecoxib sodium reduces the need for opioids after tonsillectomy in children: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Can J Anaesth 2015; 63:268-74. [PMID: 26684457 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-015-0560-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postoperative pain is a common phenomenon after pediatric tonsillectomy. This prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of intravenous parecoxib sodium in children undergoing tonsillectomy. METHODS Sixty children (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-III, aged three to seven years, and scheduled to undergo elective tonsillectomy under general anesthesia) were randomly allocated into one of two groups to receive intravenous parecoxib sodium 1 mg·kg(-1) (Group P, n = 30) or the same volume of saline (Group S, n = 30) just after induction of general anesthesia. Between-group comparisons were made for the number of patients requiring rescue morphine, total number of doses of postoperative rescue morphine, time to first rescue analgesic, postoperative pain and sedation scores, and adverse effects. RESULTS Rescue morphine was given to more children in Group S (25/30, 83%) than in Group P (17/30, 57%) [relative risk (RR), 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0 to 2.1; P = 0.024]. The mean (SD) time to first rescue analgesic was shorter in Group S than in Group P [132 (54) min vs 193 (78) min, respectively; mean difference, 61; 95% CI, 26.6 to 96.1; P = 0.001]. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale scores in the postanesthesia care unit were lower in Group P than in Group S (7 [5-8] vs 9 [8-11], respectively; P = 0.001). The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) was higher in Group S than in Group P [11/30 (37%) vs 4/30 (13%), respectively; RR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.0 to 7.7; P = 0.037]. CONCLUSIONS A single intravenous injection of parecoxib sodium 1 mg·kg(-1) after anesthesia induction is an effective method for the control of postoperative pain. It provides a morphine-sparing effect, prolongs the time to first rescue analgesic, and reduces PONV in children undergoing tonsillectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuze Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mianyang Central Hospital, 12 Changjia Lane, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mengjun Zhou
- Department of Health Statistics, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mianyang Central Hospital, 12 Changjia Lane, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mianyang Central Hospital, 12 Changjia Lane, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
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Aveline C, Le Hetet H, Le Roux A, Bonnet F. A survey of the administration of prednisolone versus ibuprofen analgesic protocols after ambulatory tonsillectomy. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2015; 34:281-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Spinal Inflammation Impairs Respiratory Motor Plasticity by a Spinal p38 MAP Kinase-Dependent Mechanism. J Neurosci 2015; 35:6871-80. [PMID: 25926462 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4539-14.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is characteristic of most clinical disorders that challenge the neural control of breathing. Since inflammation modulates neuroplasticity, we studied the impact of inflammation caused by prolonged intermittent hypoxia on an important form of respiratory plasticity, acute intermittent hypoxia (three, 5 min hypoxic episodes, 5 min normoxic intervals) induced phrenic long-term facilitation (pLTF). Because chronic intermittent hypoxia elicits neuroinflammation and pLTF is undermined by lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation, we hypothesized that one night of intermittent hypoxia (IH-1) elicits spinal inflammation, thereby impairing pLTF by a p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. pLTF and spinal inflammation were assessed in anesthetized rats pretreated with IH-1 (2 min hypoxia, 2 min normoxia; 8 h) or sham normoxia and allowed 16 h for recovery. IH-1 (1) transiently increased IL-6 (1.5 ± 0.2-fold; p = 0.02) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (2.4 ± 0.4-fold; p = 0.01) mRNA in cervical spinal homogenates, (2) elicited a sustained increase in IL-1β mRNA (2.4 ± 0.2-fold; p < 0.001) in isolated cervical spinal microglia, and (3) abolished pLTF (-1 ± 5% vs 56 ± 10% in controls; p < 0.001). pLTF was restored after IH-1 by systemic NSAID administration (ketoprofen; 55 ± 9%; p < 0.001) or spinal p38 MAP kinase inhibition (58 ± 2%; p < 0.001). IH-1 increased phosphorylated (activated) p38 MAP kinase immunofluorescence in identified phrenic motoneurons and adjacent microglia. In conclusion, IH-1 elicits spinal inflammation and impairs pLTF by a spinal p38 MAP kinase-dependent mechanism. By targeting inflammation, we may develop strategies to manipulate respiratory motor plasticity for therapeutic advantage when the respiratory control system is compromised (e.g., sleep apnea, apnea of prematurity, spinal injury, or motor neuron disease).
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Liporaci Junior JLJ. Assessment of preemptive analgesia efficacy in surgical extraction of third molars. Rev Bras Anestesiol 2015; 62:502-10. [PMID: 22793965 DOI: 10.1016/s0034-7094(12)70148-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Literature on preemptive analgesia is controversial. Reliability of results and difficult reproducibility of research contribute for non-elucidation of the subject. The aim of this study is to test the efficacy of oral ketoprofen (150 mg) preemptively administrated two days before third molar surgery, compared with postoperative administration in the same patient. METHODS Thirteen patients underwent surgical removal of bilateral third molar in two separate procedures. In a random and double blind procedure, oral ketoprofen 150 mg was administered every 12 hours two days before surgery and, after the procedure, the same drug was administered for three days. On the other side, a control (placebo) was used orally every 12 hours two days before surgery and, after the procedure, ketoprofen 150 mg was administered every 12 hours for three days. Postoperative pain was assessed by visual analogue scale, nominal scale, and amount of rescue analgesics consumed. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative pain between the preemptive treatment and control. CONCLUSION In this experimental model, preemptive analgesia was not effective in reducing postoperative pain in surgical extraction of third molar compared with the postoperative administration of the same drug.
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Beta-adrenergic antagonists during general anesthesia reduced postoperative pain: a systematic review and a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Anesth 2015; 29:934-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s00540-015-2041-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Sjövall S, Kokki M, Nokela A, Halinen L, Turunen M, Kokki H. Intravenous dexketoprofen induces less injection pain than racemic ketoprofen. J Clin Pharm Ther 2015; 40:431-5. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Sjövall
- Department of Anaesthesia; Satakunta Central Hospital; Pori Finland
| | - M. Kokki
- Department of Anaesthesia and Operative Services; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio Finland
- School of Medicine; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - A. Nokela
- Department of Anaesthesia and Operative Services; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio Finland
- School of Medicine; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - L. Halinen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Operative Services; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio Finland
- School of Medicine; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - M. Turunen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Operative Services; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio Finland
- School of Medicine; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - H. Kokki
- School of Medicine; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
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Gandhi SV, Rodriguez W, Khan M, Polli JE. Considerations for a Pediatric Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS): application to five drugs. AAPS PharmSciTech 2014; 15:601-11. [PMID: 24557773 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-014-0084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been advocated that biopharmaceutic risk assessment should be conducted early in pediatric product development and synchronized with the adult product development program. However, we are unaware of efforts to classify drugs into a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) framework for pediatric patients. The objective was to classify five drugs into a potential BCS. These five drugs were selected since both oral and intravenous pharmacokinetic data were available for each drug, and covered the four BCS classes in adults. Literature searches for each drug were conducted using Medline and applied to classify drugs with respect to solubility and permeability in pediatric subpopulations. Four pediatric subpopulations were considered: neonates, infants, children, and adolescents. Regarding solubility, dose numbers were calculated using a volume for each subpopulation based on body surface area (BSA) relative to 250 ml for a 1.73 m(2) adult. Dose numbers spanned a range of values, depending upon the pediatric dose formula and subpopulation. Regarding permeability, pharmacokinetic literature data required assumptions and decisions about data collection. Using a devised pediatric BCS framework, there was agreement in adult and pediatric BCS class for two drugs, azithromycin (class 3) and ciprofloxacin (class 4). There was discordance for the three drugs that have high adult permeability since all pediatric permeabilities were low: dolasetron (class 3 in pediatric), ketoprofen (class 4 in pediatric), and voriconazole (class 4 in pediatric). A main contribution of this work is the identification of critical factors required for a pediatric BCS.
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Brasher C, Gafsous B, Dugue S, Thiollier A, Kinderf J, Nivoche Y, Grace R, Dahmani S. Postoperative pain management in children and infants: an update. Paediatr Drugs 2014; 16:129-40. [PMID: 24407716 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-013-0062-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Many factors contribute to suboptimal pain management in children. Current evidence suggests that severe pain in children has significant long-lasting effects, even more so than in adults. In particular, recent evidence suggests a lack of optimal postoperative pain management in children, especially following ambulatory surgery. This review provides simple guidelines for the management of postoperative pain in children. It discusses the long-term effects of severe pain and how to evaluate pain in both healthy and neurologically impaired children, including neonates. Currently available treatment options are discussed with reference to the efficacy and side effects of opioid and non-opioid and regional analgesic techniques. The impact of preoperative anxiety on postoperative pain, and the efficacy of some nonpharmacological techniques such as hypnosis or distraction, are also discussed. Finally, basic organizational strategies are described, aiming to promote safer and more efficient postoperative pain management in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Brasher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Robert Debré Hospital, 48 Bd Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
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Carbone C, Rende P, Comberiati P, Carnovale D, Mammì M, De Sarro G. The safety of ketoprofen in different ages. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2013; 4:S99-S103. [PMID: 24347993 PMCID: PMC3853680 DOI: 10.4103/0976-500x.120967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which acts by blocking cyclooxygenase (COX 1 and 2), an enzyme involved in the production of prostaglandins, messengers in the development of inflammation. All NSAIDs reduce signs of inflammation by blocking this enzyme and therefore prostaglandin production. In Calabria, 3.69% of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported in the National Network of Pharmacovigilance concerns the use of ketoprofen; only in one case in which the patient was under the age of 12 years, hospitalization was required for severe episode of pancreatitis. In Italy, Ketoprofen is the 6th drug for ADRs incidence (560 ADRs in the year 2012, of which, 31% are severe). Despite the high rate of spontaneous reporting, it must be considered that ketoprofen is one of the most used NSAIDs; therefore, as it happens for other commonly used drugs (eg, amoxicillin), the total number of ADRs should be related to the therapeutic use. However, it remains the problem of fragile patients (eg, children) and the safety of the drug in different ages. This paper presents a retrospective study on 2012 ADRs reviewing literature on the safety of ketoprofen in the elderly, children, and during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Carbone
- Department of Science of Health, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University Hospital Mater Domini, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierandrea Rende
- Department of Science of Health, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University Hospital Mater Domini, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pasquale Comberiati
- Department of Science of Health, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University Hospital Mater Domini, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Carnovale
- Department of Science of Health, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University Hospital Mater Domini, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Mammì
- Department of Science of Health, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University Hospital Mater Domini, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Department of Science of Health, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro and Pharmacovigilance's Centre Calabria Region, University Hospital Mater Domini, Catanzaro, Italy
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