1
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Bernal Masferrer L, Matei MC, Gilaberte Calzada Y, Navarro Campoamor L. Congenital and Hereditary Nail Disease. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024:S0001-7310(24)00341-7. [PMID: 38663727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Nail disorders in newborns can show independently or as components of systemic illnesses or genodermatoses. The examination of these abnormalities is complex and sometimes challenging. However, familiarity with these disorders can significantly contribute to uncovering potential underlying conditions. This review includes the physiological nail changes seen within the first few months of life, such as Beau's lines, onychoschizia, koilonychia, congenital nail fold hypertrophy of the first digit, and onychocryptosis. This review also focuses on the most relevant congenital disorders reported and how to perform differential diagnosis. Finally, this review highlights those hereditary diseases in which nail involvement is crucial for diagnosis, such as nail-patella syndrome, congenital pachyonychia, or congenital dyskeratosis, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M C Matei
- Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España.
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2
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Gaghan LJ, Morrell DS, Mervak BM, Mervak JE. Tender subungual lesion of the first toenail in an 11-year-old girl. Pediatr Dermatol 2021; 38:e53-e54. [PMID: 34931357 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey J Gaghan
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dean S Morrell
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Benjamin M Mervak
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Julie E Mervak
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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3
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Quieros C, Santos MC, Pimenta R, Tapadinhas C, Filipe P. Transient Cutaneous Alterations of the Newborn. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/20-00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal cutaneous alterations are common, usually appearing at birth or during the first few days of life. Most of these conditions are physiological, benign, and transient, arising from a combination of immaturity of the newborn skin with environmental factors. Nonetheless, some of them may eventually be a clue to underlying disorders. Physicians should therefore be aware of these clinical manifestations so that parents can be reassured and, when necessary, complementary investigations can be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Quieros
- Serviço de Dermatologia, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Rita Pimenta
- Serviço de Dermatologia, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Tapadinhas
- Serviço de Dermatologia, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Filipe
- Serviço de Dermatologia, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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4
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Gresset-Kaliebe K, Garzorz-Stark N, Schnopp C, Weins A. [Differential diagnosis of common nail disorders in childhood]. Hautarzt 2021; 72:225-231. [PMID: 33544173 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-021-04762-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Correct diagnosis of nail changes in childhood may be challenging. Knowing the anatomy of the nail apparatus and some pathophysiologic principles helps to categorize nail disorders correctly. OBJECTIVES This article gives a structured overview of nail disorders in childhood, thus, facilitating correct diagnosis of nail abnormalities in childhood. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review of literature and our own experience are presented. RESULTS In the first part we present fundamental anatomical characteristics of the nail apparatus based on embryonal development of the nails. In the main part we categorize nail disorders according to clinical presentation: transient nail changes, congenital nail abnormalities, infectious diseases of the nails, nail changes in the context of chronic inflammatory skin diseases, pigmented nail changes, tumors and nail changes due to trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gresset-Kaliebe
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Biedersteinerstr. 29, 80802, München, Deutschland
| | - N Garzorz-Stark
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Biedersteinerstr. 29, 80802, München, Deutschland.,Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinka Institutet, Stockholm, Schweden.,Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Schweden
| | - C Schnopp
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Biedersteinerstr. 29, 80802, München, Deutschland.
| | - A Weins
- Kinderdermatologisches Zentrum, Mutter-Kind-Zentrum-Schwaben, Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Augsburg, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Deutschland
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5
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Sechi A, Patrizi A, Leuzzi M, Chessa MA, Neri I. Concomitant Onychomadesis and Skin Rash in a 3-Year-Old Child Affected by Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease. Indian J Dermatol 2021; 66:106-108. [PMID: 33911309 PMCID: PMC8061493 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_325_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sechi
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. E-mail:
| | - Annalisa Patrizi
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. E-mail:
| | - Miriam Leuzzi
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. E-mail:
| | - Marco Adriano Chessa
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. E-mail:
| | - Iria Neri
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. E-mail:
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6
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Wu MF, Lv T, Miao F, Wang XL, Liu YQ, Wang HW. Periungual and subungual warts successfully treated with combination of electric shaving, curettage, and photodynamic therapy. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2020; 37:82-84. [PMID: 32910523 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Feng Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Lv
- Department of Dermatology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Miao
- Department of Dermatology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Li Wang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Tosun S, Tosun B. Onychogryphosis. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2020; 110:445581. [PMID: 33021642 DOI: 10.7547/18-155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Onychogryphosis is a nail disorder that can damage nail plates, usually caused by repeated minor trauma to the foot. Onychogryphosis of the toe is commonly seen in clinical practice; however, optimal treatment of the condition is still the subject of debate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes of patients with toe onychogryphosis treated by subcutaneous flap coverage after total matricectomy. METHODS In this article, we describe 12 patients who had onychogryphosis on the great toe treated by subcutaneous flap coverage after total matricectomy. There were eight men and four women, with a mean age of 63.8 years (range, 56-74 years). RESULTS The follow-up period ranged from 4 to 108 months, with an average of 25.2 months. All of the flap reconstructions ultimately survived. CONCLUSIONS The advantage of the described technique is the avoidance of tight closure of the skin and preservation of toe length. The possible limitation of the technique is poor blood circulation to the feet.
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8
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Tasia M, Lecerf P, Richert B, André J. Paediatric nail consultation in an academic centre in Belgium: a 10‐year retrospective study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:1800-1805. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Tasia
- Department of Dermatology Saint‐Pierre, Brugmann and Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospitals Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
| | - P. Lecerf
- Department of Dermatology Saint‐Pierre, Brugmann and Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospitals Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
| | - B. Richert
- Department of Dermatology Saint‐Pierre, Brugmann and Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospitals Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
| | - J. André
- Department of Dermatology Saint‐Pierre, Brugmann and Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospitals Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
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9
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Piccolo V, Russo T, de Rezende LL, Argenziano G. Subungual exostosis in an 8-year-old child: clinical and dermoscopic description. An Bras Dermatol 2019; 94:233-235. [PMID: 31090834 PMCID: PMC6486067 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20197995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the case of an 8-year-old child with subungual exostosis, whose diagnosis was suspected on the basis of dermoscopic findings and subsequently confirmed by X-ray and histopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Russo
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania, Naples,
Italy
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10
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Fustà-Novell X, Fatsini-Blanch V, Prat C, Vicente-Villa MA. Nail dystrophy and oral leukoplakia in a 3-year-old girl. Pediatr Dermatol 2019; 36:149-151. [PMID: 30675941 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carolina Prat
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Cho SI, Shin S, Lee W, Jo G, Kim S, Mun JH. Judicial precedents associated with periungual warts in South Korea. Int J Dermatol 2018; 58:e39-e42. [PMID: 30456858 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Ick Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SuHwan Shin
- Doctoral Program in Medical Law and Ethics, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,Blue Urology Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Lee
- Division of Medical Law and Bioethics, Department of Medical Humanities and Social Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Asian Institute for Bioethics and Health Law, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gwanghyun Jo
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SoYoon Kim
- Division of Medical Law and Bioethics, Department of Medical Humanities and Social Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Asian Institute for Bioethics and Health Law, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je-Ho Mun
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Therapeutics for Adult Nail Psoriasis and Nail Lichen Planus: A Guide for Clinicians. Am J Clin Dermatol 2018; 19:559-584. [PMID: 29488102 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-018-0350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nail psoriasis (NP) and nail lichen planus (NLP) can be limiting, stigmatizing and difficult to treat. Dermatologists commonly treat psoriasis and lichen planus but when associated onychodystrophy is present or is an isolated finding, some develop apprehension. The goal of this review is to develop therapeutic ladders to be used as a guide for the management of NP and NLP in everyday clinical practice. Evidence-based therapies for NP are robust and range from topical treatments to conventional systemic therapies (i.e., methotrexate, cyclosporine), new oral agents (i.e., apremilast and tofacitinib), and biologics. The literature for treatment of NLP is severely limited, with therapy mainly consisting of topical, intralesional, or systemic corticosteroids or methotrexate.
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13
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Gür K, Erol S, İncir N. The effectiveness of a nail-biting prevention program among primary school students. J SPEC PEDIATR NURS 2018; 23:e12219. [PMID: 29797491 DOI: 10.1111/jspn.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of a program called "Do Not Bite Your Nails, Cut Your Nails," which is based on a health promotion model to change the nail-biting habit among primary school students. DESIGN AND METHODS This quasi-experimental study was conducted using the pre- and post-test and interrupted time series design. The study sample included 299 students. Nurse observation form and nail follow-up chart were used to evaluate behavioral outcomes. This program was conducted under the guidance of school nurses and lasted 6 weeks. The data were analyzed using McNemar and Cochran Q tests. RESULTS The number of those who selected "yes" for "I cut my nails this weekend" and "I didn't bite my nails today" increased. However, the number of the students that selected "yes" for "I pulled out my nails," "I pulled out and ate," "I pulled out my nail skin," "My cuticle bled today," and "My nails hurt today" decreased significantly and statistically compared with pretest, first and second observation, and post-test (P < 0.001). The rate of the students with minimum one abnormal finger was 83.9% according to observations, and 6% following the intervention (P < 0.001). New insights were provided into the program to diminish nail-biting habit. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The program significantly reduced the nail-biting rate among primary school students. The nurse that implement this program will be able to do a comprehensive evaluation of students' nail-biting habits, perform solution-focused interventions, and prevent advanced complications that might develop in connection to nail-biting. Thus, the effectiveness of nursing implementations will improve in the prevention of nail-biting habit, early diagnosis, and changing students' habits. "Do Not Bite Your Nails, Cut Your Nails" program can be applied again in different schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamer Gür
- Assistant Professor, Public Health Nursing Section, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Saime Erol
- Associate Professor, Public Health Nursing Section, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nursultan İncir
- Nurse, Istanbul University Topkapı Mahallesi, Turgut Özal caddesi No: 118, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Onychophagia Induced Melanonychia, Splinter Hemorrhages, Leukonychia, and Pterygium Inversum Unguis Concurrently. Case Rep Dermatol Med 2018; 2018:3230582. [PMID: 29666714 PMCID: PMC5831699 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3230582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Onychophagia, which refers to compulsive nail-biting behavior, is common among children and young adults. Onychophagia can cause destruction to the cuticle and nail plate, leading to shortening of nails, chronic paronychia, and secondary infections. Relatively uncommon effects include pigmentary changes, such as longitudinal melanonychia and splinter hemorrhages. We report a case of a young adult with longitudinal melanonychia, splinter hemorrhages, punctate leukonychia, and pterygium inversum unguis, concurrently induced by onychophagia. Importantly, patients usually do not report this behavior when asked about nail-related changes. Even upon questioning, they may deny nail-biting behavior. As in many other dermatological disorders, dermoscopy can be helpful in the diagnosis of nail disorders.
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15
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Starace M, Piraccini BM, Brandi N, Alessandrini A. When the Nail Appearance Plays Tricks: A Case of Longitudinal Melanonychia. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/10311232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A paediatric nail consultation is often required to reduce parents’ concerns regarding their child’s abnormal nail appearance. Nail pigmentation in children is a dermatological challenge because guidelines are not standardised, causing many doubts for dermatologists. In general, the majority of cases of melanonychia are benign in children and nail melanoma cases are very rare. However, alarming clinical and dermoscopic features can be observed, requiring nail surgery to confirm a diagnosis. Here, we present a case of longitudinal melanonychia in a teenager with atypical signs and a good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Starace
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Bianca Maria Piraccini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicolò Brandi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aurora Alessandrini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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16
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Starace M, Alessandrini A, Piraccini BM. Nail Disorders in Children. Skin Appendage Disord 2018; 4:217-229. [PMID: 30410888 DOI: 10.1159/000486020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nail diseases in children do not account for a significant proportion of pediatric consultations, and most of the time the nails are not observed by the clinician, overlooking their importance. Specific examination of the nails is neglected, while localization to the nails could be an initial sign of a syndrome or a systemic disorder. Nail diseases in the pediatric population differ from those in adults in terms of diagnostic approach and management; some of them even are manifested mainly or exclusively in children. Pediatric patients with underlying systemic disorders are more likely to manifest acquired disorders of the nails. Although rare, nail diseases in children are a source of anxiety for the parents. Examination of the nails is an essential part of pediatric physical examination. A correct clinical history and careful examination help the clinician to distinguish the different conditions and to decide on the correct management of nail diseases in young patients. A classification of nail dystrophies according to age is somewhat arbitrary and a unique classification does not exist. Nail diseases in the pediatric population can be divided according to age groups where a predilection appears in most of the cases. Moreover, certain abnormalities may be lifelong once acquired, but their presentation may be modified by age, worsening or improving during life. This review describes many of the nail conditions that are seen in the pediatric population aging from newborn to toddler, starting with physiological aspects to better recognize the pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Starace
- Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aurora Alessandrini
- Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Bianca Maria Piraccini
- Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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17
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Abstract
Nail biting, a common behavior seen in children, is typically short-lived and does not cause significant problems. However, when nail biting remains unresolved, physical and emotional consequences may occur. Exploring the etiological factors and underlying function of nail biting may help providers recommend appropriate interventions. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 55(2), 23-26.].
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18
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Total Matricectomy and V-Y Advancement Flap Technique in the Treatment of Onychogryphosis. Dermatol Surg 2017; 43:583-586. [DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000001013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Haber JS, Chairatchaneeboon M, Rubin AI. Trachyonychia: Review and Update on Clinical Aspects, Histology, and Therapy. Skin Appendage Disord 2017; 2:109-115. [PMID: 28232917 PMCID: PMC5264356 DOI: 10.1159/000449063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trachyonychia is a disorder of the nail unit that most commonly presents with rough, longitudinally ridged nails (opaque trachyonychia) or less frequently, uniform, opalescent nails with pits (shiny trachyonychia). The term trachyonychia refers to 'rough nails.' This article comprehensively reviews the clinical, histologic, and therapeutic aspects of trachyonychia. The authors' preferred evaluation and management strategies of trachyonychia are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S. Haber
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa., USA
| | - Manasmon Chairatchaneeboon
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa., USA
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Adam I. Rubin
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa., USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa., USA
- Section of Dermatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa., USA
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20
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Chinazzo M, Lorette G, Baran R, Finon A, Saliba É, Maruani A. Nail features in healthy term newborns: a single-centre observational study of 52 cases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 31:371-375. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Chinazzo
- University François Rabelais Tours; Tours France
- Unit of Paediatric Dermatology; Department of Dermatology; CHRU Tours; Tours France
| | - G. Lorette
- University François Rabelais Tours; Tours France
- Unit of Paediatric Dermatology; Department of Dermatology; CHRU Tours; Tours France
| | - R. Baran
- Nail Disease Center; Cannes France
| | - A. Finon
- University François Rabelais Tours; Tours France
- Unit of Paediatric Dermatology; Department of Dermatology; CHRU Tours; Tours France
| | - É. Saliba
- University François Rabelais Tours; Tours France
- Department of Neonatalogy; CHRU Tours; Tours France
| | - A. Maruani
- University François Rabelais Tours; Tours France
- Unit of Paediatric Dermatology; Department of Dermatology; CHRU Tours; Tours France
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21
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Winfeld MJ, Otero H. Radiographic assessment of congenital malformations of the upper extremity. Pediatr Radiol 2016; 46:1454-70. [PMID: 27306656 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-016-3647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Congenital and developmental malformations of the upper extremity are uncommon and their diagnosis can challenge radiologists. Many complex classification systems exist, the latest of which accounts for the complex embryology and pathogenetic mechanisms that govern the formation of these anomalies. Using appropriate descriptors allows for more specific diagnosis and improved consultation with referring pediatricians and surgeons, helping to guide medical and surgical interventions and, if indicated, further investigation for associated abnormalities and underlying syndromes. We review the imaging characteristics of upper limb malformations to help pediatric radiologists better understand the classification and workup necessary in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Winfeld
- Department of Radiology, Musculoskeletal Division, Penn Medicine University City, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3737 Market St., 7th floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Hansel Otero
- Department of Radiology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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22
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Abstract
This article reviews 6 nail disorders that, although easy to diagnose, are misdiagnosed frequently by dermatologists and general practitioners. Diagnostic clues are emphasized to familiarize readers with features that indicate the correct diagnosis. We focus on two common tumors (onychomatricoma and onychopapilloma), two rare genetic conditions that can be diagnosed owing to nail changes (Darier disease and nail patella syndrome), and two uncommon acquired disorders (the yellow nail syndrome and lichen striatus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Schneider
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, 1600 Northwest 10th Avenue, FL 33136, USA; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Antonella Tosti
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, 1600 Northwest 10th Avenue, FL 33136, USA.
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23
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Abstract
Infections of the finger and the toe nails are most frequently caused by fungi, primarily dermatophytes. Causative agents of tinea unguium are mostly anthropophilic dermatophytes. Both in Germany, and worldwide, Trichophyton rubrum represents the main important causative agent of onychomycoses. Yeasts are isolated from fungal nail infections, both paronychia and onychomycosis far more often than generally expected. This can represent either saprophytic colonization as well as acute or chronic infection of the nail organ. The main yeasts causing nail infections are Candida parapsilosis, and Candida guilliermondii; Candida albicans is only in third place. Onychomycosis due to molds, or so called non-dermatophyte molds (NDM), are being increasingly detected. Molds as cause of an onychomycosis are considered as emerging pathogens. Fusarium species are the most common cause of NDM onychomycosis; however, rare molds like Onychocola canadensis may be found. Bacterial infections of the nails are caused by gram negative bacteria, usually Pseudomonas aeruginosa (recognizable because of green or black coloration of the nails) but also Klebsiella spp. and gram positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment of onychomycosis includes application of topical antifungal agents (amorolfine, ciclopirox). If more than 50 % of the nail plate is affected or if more than three out of ten nails are affected by the fungal infection, oral treatment using terbinafine (in case of dermatophyte infection), fluconazole (for yeast infections), or alternatively itraconazole are recommended. Bacterial infections are treated topically with antiseptic agents (octenidine), and in some cases with topical antibiotics (nadifloxacin, gentamicin). Pseudomonas infections of the nail organ are treated by ciprofloxacin; other bacteria are treated according to the results of culture and sensitivity testing.
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24
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Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in a parturient with Nail-Patella syndrome. Int J Obstet Anesth 2014; 24:69-73. [PMID: 25433575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is an uncommon cause of acute coronary syndrome, occurring predominantly in women during and immediately after pregnancy; it carries a mortality rate of greater than 50%. While the exact etiology is unknown, possible contributing factors include pregnancy-related hormonal, connective tissue and hemodynamic changes. We present a case of a 35-year-old multigravid woman with Nail-Patella syndrome who developed an acute myocardial infarction secondary to spontaneous coronary artery dissection during labor which was not diagnosed until after delivery. We hypothesize that abnormal collagen fiber formation found in Nail-Patella syndrome may have put her at an increased risk of coronary dissection and myocardial infarction. Regardless of etiology, a delay in diagnosis of myocardial ischemia can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. In light of the increasing burden of cardiac disease in the obstetric population, clinicians should remain vigilant for signs of myocardial infarction and prepare for definitive diagnosis and treatment.
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25
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Le psoriasis de l’enfant. Arch Pediatr 2014; 21:778-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2014.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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26
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Abstract
The authors herein describe several nail conditions, which the general pediatrician is likely to encounter in the course of routine practice. Because pediatric nail disorders represent a limited component of a general pediatric practice, it can be challenging for practitioners to establish expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions and to recognize when reassurance is appropriate or when referral to a specialist is necessary. This article summarizes the anatomy of the normal nail unit, as well as the evaluation and management of onychomycosis, melanonychia, trachyonychia, onychomadesis, and nail pitting.
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27
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Abstract
The human fingernail contributes to the precise dexterity of the fingers, enhances sensibility, allows manipulation of fine objects, and shields the fingertip from traumatic injury. Nail abnormalities are a common incidental finding in the course of a hand surgeon's daily practice. These abnormalities may be clues to systemic, dermatologic, traumatic, and infectious processes that would benefit from further evaluation and treatment. The purpose of this review is to discuss common nail dystrophies and their related diagnoses.
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28
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29
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30
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Abstract
Longitudinal melanonychia (LM) is a common presenting problem in general dermatology, and represents a diagnostic challenge to clinicians given its broad differential diagnosis that includes both benign and malignant entities. The decision of when a biopsy is required is incredibly challenging for dermatologists. Dermoscopy is a noninvasive technique that enhances the clinical evaluation of LM, and has demonstrated potential in improving the clinical decision making as to whether or not to biopsy LM. However, it is critical for clinicians to understand the limitations of dermoscopy, and that although it is able to add new criteria for the diagnosis of ungual pigmentation, it does not replace histopathologic diagnosis. Biopsy of the nail unit should be performed in any case where doubt based on the clinical evaluation exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Guest Adigun
- Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.
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31
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Jung GW, Salopek TG. Hoof nail deformity: a previously unknown hereditary nail malformation. Br J Dermatol 2013; 169:946-8. [PMID: 23701495 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G W Jung
- Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Sciences, Department of Medicine, 2-125 Clinical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada
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32
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Treatment of nail psoriasis: common concepts and new trends. Dermatol Res Pract 2013; 2013:180496. [PMID: 23762032 PMCID: PMC3666424 DOI: 10.1155/2013/180496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The lifetime incidence of nail involvement in psoriatic patients is estimated to be 80-90%, and the nails can be affected in 10% to 55% of psoriatic patients. Psoriasis may also solely involve the nails, without any other skin findings, in which the treatment can be more challenging. Nail psoriasis may lead to considerable impairment in quality of life due to aesthetic concerns and more importantly limitations in daily activities resulting from the associated pain, which may be overlooked by the physicians. Several topical and systemic treatment modalities, as well as radiation and light systems, have been used in the treatment of nail psoriasis. In the last decade, the introduction of biologic agents and the utilization of laser systems have brought a new insight into the treatment of nail psoriasis. This paper focuses on the recent advances, as well as the conventional methods, in treating nail psoriasis in adults and children, in reference to an extensive literature search.
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