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Zhu B, Witzel T, Jiang S, Huang SY, Rosen BR, Wald LL. Selective magnetic resonance imaging of magnetic nanoparticles by acoustically induced rotary saturation. Magn Reson Med 2014; 75:97-106. [PMID: 25537578 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to introduce a new method to selectively detect iron oxide contrast agents using an acoustic wave to perturb the spin-locked water signal in the vicinity of the magnetic particles. The acoustic drive can be modulated externally to turn the effect on and off, allowing sensitive and quantitative statistical comparison and removal of confounding image background variations. METHODS We demonstrated the effect in spin-locking experiments using piezoelectric actuators to generate vibrational displacements of iron oxide samples. We observed a resonant behavior of the signal changes with respect to the acoustic frequency where iron oxide is present. We characterized the effect as a function of actuator displacement and contrast agent concentration. RESULTS The resonant effect allowed us to generate block-design "modulation response maps" indicating the contrast agent's location, as well as positive contrast images with suppressed background signal. We found that the acoustically induced rotary saturation (AIRS) effect stayed approximately constant across acoustic frequency and behaved monotonically over actuator displacement and contrast agent concentration. CONCLUSION AIRS is a promising method capable of using acoustic vibrations to modulate the contrast from iron oxide nanoparticles and thus perform selective detection of the contrast agents, potentially enabling more accurate visualization of contrast agents in clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhu
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Witzel
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shan Jiang
- David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susie Y Huang
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce R Rosen
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Meridian & Acupuncture, Collaborating Center for Traditional Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute and School of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lawrence L Wald
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Hingorani DV, Gonzalez SI, Li JF, Pagel MD. Sensing lanthanide metal content in biological tissues with magnetic resonance spectroscopy. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 13:13732-43. [PMID: 24152931 PMCID: PMC3859089 DOI: 10.3390/s131013732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 09/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The development and validation of MRI contrast agents consisting of a lanthanide chelate often requires a determination of the concentration of the agent in ex vivo tissue. We have developed a protocol that uses 70% nitric acid to completely digest tissue samples that contain Gd(III), Dy(III), Tm(III), Eu(III), or Yb(III) ions, or the MRI contrast agent gadodiamide. NMR spectroscopy of coaxial tubes containing a digested sample and a separate control solution of nitric acid was used to rapidly and easily measure the bulk magnetic susceptibility (BMS) shift caused by each lanthanide ion and gadodiamide. Each BMS shift was shown to be linearly correlated with the concentration of each lanthanide ion and gadodiamide in the 70% nitric acid solution and in digested rat kidney and liver tissues. These concentration measurements had outstanding precision, and also had good accuracy for concentrations ≥10 mM for Tm(III) Eu(III), and Yb(III), and ≥3 mM for Gd(III), gadodiamide, and Dy(III). Improved sample handling methods are needed to improve measurement accuracy for samples with lower concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina V. Hingorani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; E-Mail:
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724-5013, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Sandra I. Gonzalez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Jessica F. Li
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724-5013, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Mark D. Pagel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; E-Mail:
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85724-5013, USA; E-Mail:
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; E-Mail:
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Scott LJ. Gadobutrol: a review of its use for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in adults and children. Clin Drug Investig 2013; 33:303-14. [PMID: 23435930 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-013-0066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Since the introduction of the first gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) approximately 25 years ago, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using GBCAs has revolutionized diagnostic and follow-up imaging of pathological lesions, with clinical applications expanded to encompass almost all fields of medicine. Intravenous gadobutrol (Gadovist™ [EU]; Gadavist(®) [USA]) is a second-generation extracellular non-ionic macrocyclic GBCA that is used in patients undergoing diagnostic contrast-enhanced MRI for visualization of pathological lesions in the CNS and all other body regions or for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to evaluate perfusion and flow-related abnormalities. Its unique physicochemical profile, along with the high thermostability of macrocyclic GBCAs, means gadobutrol is formulated at twice the gadolinium ion concentration of other currently licensed GBCAs. This reduces the injection volume and provides a narrower bolus, thereby improving image enhancement. Based on extensive clinical experience in a broad range of patients, including paediatric and adult patients (younger and elderly adults), and those with moderate to severe hepatic or renal impairment or cardiovascular disorders, gadobutrol is an effective and generally well tolerated extracellular GBCA for patients undergoing diagnostic contrast-enhanced MRI and contrast-enhanced MRA. As with all macrocyclic GBCAs, the potential for gadobutrol to cause nephrogenic systemic fibrosis appears to be lower than with linear GBCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley J Scott
- Adis, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, North Shore, 0754, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Bibliography--Editors' selection of current word literature. Coron Artery Dis 2010; 21:486-8. [PMID: 21076239 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0b013e328341d225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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