1
|
Aoyagi R, Terada A, Tokuyama H. Oxygen diffusivity and reaction rate in spherical gel entrapping ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
2
|
Galvão A, Pisoeiro J, Pinheiro H. Storage mechanisms in constructed wetlands: Should we modify heterotrophic bacteria modelling? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 658:830-835. [PMID: 30583178 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the occurrence of storage mechanisms in biofilm from constructed wetlands (CWs) through respirometric studies and calculated the corresponding heterotrophic growth yields. Respirometric tests were performed in biofilm extracted from horizontal sub-surface flow CWs batch loaded with three different COD mass loads: 7.0., 15.6 and 35.2 g COD/(m2∙day). The bed removal efficiency remained above 96% for all mass loads and COD mass removal rates increased from 6.8 g COD/(m2∙day) for the lowest load to 34.5 g COD/(m2∙day) for the highest load. The percentage of tests with storage evidence decreased from 85% to 10% with increasing mass loads and the responses of the microbial community to the acetate pulse showed an adaptation to the feast-famine conditions, through storage mechanisms, for lower loads, and a metabolic shift to the use of COD for growth for higher loads. Heterotrophic biomass yield values varied from 0.54-0.56 g COD/g COD for low mass loads to 0.69-0.71 for higher mass loads, indicating that greater substrate availably triggers growth and reduces the occurrence of storage. Storage yield values supported this trend varying between 0.89 and 0.94 with increasing mass loads. Given the significant storage evidence obtained in the present study, it is suggested that a modified modelling architecture, which includes storage mechanisms, should be considered in future simulations of CW systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Galvão
- CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa. Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Joana Pisoeiro
- CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa. Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Helena Pinheiro
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, DBE, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Collivignarelli MC, Bertanza G, Abbà A, Torretta V, Katsoyiannis IA. Wastewater treatment by means of thermophilic aerobic membrane reactors: respirometric tests and numerical models for the determination of stoichiometric/kinetic parameters. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:182-191. [PMID: 28937947 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1384070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Existing wastewater/aqueous waste treatment plants often need to be upgraded in order to improve their performance. The satisfactory operation of biological treatment plants requires appropriate monitoring, and respirometric techniques are needed to determine the kinetic parameters that regulate biological processes. Innovative technologies are treating industrial wastewater/aqueous waste, such as thermophilic aerobic treatments. Thermophilic aerobic biological systems operate at temperatures higher than 45°C. Such temperature levels can be reached, at a reasonable cost, using wastewater with a high organic loading and reactors, which are appropriately thermally insulated. This kind of treatment shows high removal kinetics of biodegradable substrates and a very low sludge production. This paper describes the application of respirometric tests in thermophilic conditions on the biomass derived from a thermophilic aerobic membrane reactor in order to model the process, with a particular focus on the rapidly biodegradable chemical oxygen demand (rbCOD). The utility of rbCOD determination is related to the optimal treatment that the aqueous waste should undergo. Calculating the kinetic parameters is critical to the biological modelling used in the management and control of wastewater treatment plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giorgio Bertanza
- b Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural, Engineering, and Mathematics , University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy
| | - Alessandro Abbà
- a Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Vincenzo Torretta
- c Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences , University of Insubria , Varese , Italy
| | - Ioannis Anastasios Katsoyiannis
- d Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Technology , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , Greece
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Torrijos V, Gonzalo OG, Trueba-Santiso A, Ruiz I, Soto M. Effect of by-pass and effluent recirculation on nitrogen removal in hybrid constructed wetlands for domestic and industrial wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 103:92-100. [PMID: 27441816 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid constructed wetlands (CWs) including subsurface horizontal flow (HF) and vertical flow (VF) steps look for effective nitrification and denitrification through the combination of anaerobic/anoxic and aerobic conditions. Several CW configurations including several configurations of single pass systems (HF + HF, VF + VF, VF + HF), the Bp(VF + HF) arrangement (with feeding by-pass) and the R(HF + VF) system (with effluent recirculation) were tested treating synthetic domestic wastewater. Two HF/VF area ratios (AR) were tested for the VF + HF and Bp(VF + HF) systems. In addition, a R(VF + VF) system was tested for the treatment of a high strength industrial wastewater. The percentage removal of TSS, COD and BOD5 was usually higher than 95% in all systems. The single pass systems showed TN removal below the threshold of 50% and low removal rates (0.6-1.2 g TN/m(2) d), except the VF + VF system which reached 63% and 3.5 g TN/m(2) d removal but only at high loading rates. Bp(VF + HF) systems required by-pass ratios of 40-50% and increased TN removal rates to approximately 50-60% in a sustainable manner. Removal rates depended on the AR value, increasing from 1.6 (AR 2.0) to 5.2 g TN/m(2) d (AR 0.5), both working with synthetic domestic wastewater. On real domestic wastewater the Bp (VF + HF) (AR 0.5 and 30% by-pass) reached 2.5 g TN/m(2) d removal rate. Effluent recirculation significantly improved the TN removal efficiency and rate. The R(HF + VF) system showed stable TN removals of approximately 80% at loading rates ranging from 2 to 8 g TN/m(2) d. High TN removal rates (up to 73% TN and 8.4 g TN/m(2) d) were also obtained for the R(VF + VF) system treating industrial wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Torrijos
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Rúa da Fraga 10, A Coruña 15008, Galiza, Spain
| | - O G Gonzalo
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Rúa da Fraga 10, A Coruña 15008, Galiza, Spain
| | - A Trueba-Santiso
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Rúa da Fraga 10, A Coruña 15008, Galiza, Spain
| | - I Ruiz
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Rúa da Fraga 10, A Coruña 15008, Galiza, Spain
| | - M Soto
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering I, University of A Coruña, Rúa da Fraga 10, A Coruña 15008, Galiza, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Barreto AB, Vasconcellos GR, von Sperling M, Kuschk P, Kappelmeyer U, Vasel JL. Field application of a planted fixed bed reactor (PFR) for support media and rhizosphere investigation using undisturbed samples from full-scale constructed wetlands. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2015; 72:553-560. [PMID: 26247753 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a novel method for investigations on undisturbed samples from full-scale horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands (HSSFCW). The planted fixed bed reactor (PFR), developed at the Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research (UFZ), is a universal test unit for planted soil filters that reproduces the operational conditions of a constructed wetland (CW) system in laboratory scale. The present research proposes modifications on the PFR original configuration in order to allow its operation in field conditions. A mobile device to obtain undisturbed samples from real-scale HSSFCW was also developed. The experimental setting is presented with two possible operational configurations. The first allows the removal and replacement of undisturbed samples in the CW bed for laboratory investigations, guaranteeing sample integrity with a mobile device. The second allows the continuous operation of the PFR and undisturbed samples as a fraction of the support media, reproducing the same environmental conditions outside the real-scale system. Investigations on the hydrodynamics of the adapted PFR were carried out with saline tracer tests, validating the proposed adaptation. Six adapted PFR units were installed next to full-scale HSSFCW beds and fed with interstitial liquid pumped from two regions of planted and unplanted support media. Fourteen points were monitored along the system, covering carbon fractions, nitrogen and sulfate. The results indicate the method as a promising tool for investigations on CW support media, rhizosphere and open space for studies on CW modeling, respirometry, kinetic parameters, microbial communities, redox potential and plant influence on HSSFCW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A B Barreto
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 - Escola de Engenharia, Bloco 1 - sala 4622, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil E-mail:
| | - G R Vasconcellos
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 - Escola de Engenharia, Bloco 1 - sala 4622, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil E-mail:
| | - M von Sperling
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 - Escola de Engenharia, Bloco 1 - sala 4622, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil E-mail:
| | - P Kuschk
- Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research (UFZ), Environmental Biotechnology UBT, Permoserstrasse, 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - U Kappelmeyer
- Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research (UFZ), Environmental Biotechnology UBT, Permoserstrasse, 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - J L Vasel
- Department of Science and Environmental Management, Unit Environment and Sanitation, University of Liege, Campus Arlon, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Morvannou A, Choubert JM, Vanclooster M, Molle P. Solid respirometry to characterize nitrification kinetics: a better insight for modelling nitrogen conversion in vertical flow constructed wetlands. WATER RESEARCH 2011; 45:4995-5004. [PMID: 21831403 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We developed an original method to measure nitrification rates at different depths of a vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW) with variable contents of organic matter (sludge, colonized gravel). The method was adapted for organic matter sampled in constructed wetland (sludge, colonized gravel) operated under partially saturated conditions and is based on respirometric principles. Measurements were performed on a reactor, containing a mixture of organic matter (sludge, colonized gravel) mixed with a bulking agent (wood), on which an ammonium-containing liquid was applied. The oxygen demand was determined from analysing oxygen concentration of the gas passing through the reactor with an on-line analyzer equipped with a paramagnetic detector. Within this paper we present the overall methodology, the factors influencing the measurement (sample volume, nature and concentration of the applied liquid, number of successive applications), and the robustness of the method. The combination of this new method with a mass balance approach also allowed determining the concentration and maximum growth rate of the autotrophic biomass in different layers of a VFCW. These latter parameters are essential inputs for the VFCW plant modelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ania Morvannou
- Cemagref, UR MALY, 3 bis quai Chauveau-CP 220, F 69336 Lyon, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|