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Wang M, Xiang Y, Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhao H, Wang C, Qiao L, Yang B. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy does not improve outcomes in patients with fistula-associated anal adenocarcinoma undergoing abdominoperineal resection. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1061513. [PMID: 36439430 PMCID: PMC9682013 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1061513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominoperineal resection (APR) is currently established as a standard treatment regimen for fistula-associated anal adenocarcinoma (FAAA), however, the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of CRT in patients with FAAA treated with APR through single-center experience and literature review. METHODS A retrospective review was performed on patients with FAAA consecutive treated in our institution from 2005 to 2022. In addition, a systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and MEDLINE. All patients with FAAA who received APR in our institution and reported in the literature were included and divided into three categories for statistical analysis: APR alone (APR group), neoadjuvant therapy combined APR (CRT+APR group), and APR combined postoperative therapy (APR+CRT group). RESULTS Fifteen patients with FAAA were identified from our retrospective charts review. At a median follow-up time of 18 months, the recurrence-free survival rate was 53.3% and the survival rate was 73.3%. Eight patients underwent APR and 6 received postoperative chemotherapy. Among them, one died, one developed recurrence and the remaining six patients were alive with disease free. We found 37 publications describing 62 patients with FAAA treated with APR. Clinical data from these articles were analyzed together with the 8 cases in our institution. The overall survival rates were 94.1%, 70.8%, and 38.5% at 1-, 3-, 5-years respectively. Combining (neo)adjuvant therapy did not appear to improve outcomes in FAAA treated with APR (CRT+APR vs. APR, p=0.977; APR+CRT vs. APR, p=0.351). Lymph node involvement was shown to be significantly associated with poor outcomes by multivariate analysis (p=0.020). CONCLUSIONS For patients with FAAA without lymph node involvement, APR is adequate to control disease and the addition of CRT does not appear to prolong survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bolin Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Wu J, Gu Y, Xiao Y, Xia C, Li H, Kang Y, Sun J, Shao Z, Lin Z, Zhao X. Characterization of DNA Methylation Associated Gene Regulatory Networks During Stomach Cancer Progression. Front Genet 2019; 9:711. [PMID: 30778372 PMCID: PMC6369581 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation plays a critical role in tumorigenesis through regulating oncogene activation and tumor suppressor gene silencing. Although extensively analyzed, the implication of DNA methylation in gene regulatory network is less characterized. To address this issue, in this study we performed an integrative analysis on the alteration of DNA methylation patterns and the dynamics of gene regulatory network topology across distinct stages of stomach cancer. We found the global DNA methylation patterns in different stages are generally conserved, whereas some significantly differentially methylated genes were exclusively observed in the early stage of stomach cancer. Integrative analysis of DNA methylation and network topology alteration yielded several genes which have been reported to be involved in the progression of stomach cancer, such as IGF2, ERBB2, GSTP1, MYH11, TMEM59, and SST. Finally, we demonstrated that inhibition of SST promotes cell proliferation, suggesting that DNA methylation-associated SST suppression possibly contributes to the gastric cancer progression. Taken together, our study suggests the DNA methylation-associated regulatory network analysis could be used for identifying cancer-related genes. This strategy can facilitate the understanding of gene regulatory network in cancer biology and provide a new insight into the study of DNA methylation at system level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunzhao Gu
- Bio-ID Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yawen Xiao
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Xia
- Bio-ID Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Li
- Bio-ID Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yani Kang
- Bio-ID Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jielin Sun
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifeng Shao
- Bio-ID Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongli Lin
- Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Techavichit P, Gao Y, Kurenbekova L, Shuck R, Donehower LA, Yustein JT. Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 2 (sFRP2) promotes osteosarcoma invasion and metastatic potential. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:869. [PMID: 27821163 PMCID: PMC5100268 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2909-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS), which has a high potential for developing metastatic disease, is the most frequent malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. Molecular analysis of a metastatic genetically engineered mouse model of osteosarcoma identified enhanced expression of Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 2 (sFRP2), a putative regulator of Wnt signaling within metastatic tumors. Subsequent analysis correlated increased expression in the human disease, and within highly metastatic OS cells. However, the role of sFRP2 in osteosarcoma development and progression has not been well elucidated. Methods Studies using stable gain or loss-of-function alterations of sFRP2 within human and mouse OS cells were performed to assess changes in cell proliferation, migration, and invasive ability in vitro, via both transwell and 3D matrigel assays. In additional, xenograft studies using overexpression of sFRP2 were used to assess effects on in vivo metastatic potential. Results Functional studies revealed stable overexpression of sFRP2 within localized human and mouse OS cells significantly increased cell migration and invasive ability in vitro and enhanced metastatic potential in vivo. Additional studies exploiting knockdown of sFRP2 within metastatic human and mouse OS cells demonstrated decreased cell migration and invasion ability in vitro, thus corroborating a critical biological phenotype carried out by sFRP2. Interestingly, alterations in sFRP2 expression did not alter OS proliferation rates or primary tumor development. Conclusions While future studies further investigating the molecular mechanisms contributing towards this sFRP2-dependent phenotype are needed, our studies clearly provide evidence that aberrant expression of sFRP2 can contribute to the invasive and metastatic potential for osteosarcoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2909-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piti Techavichit
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology, Bumrungrad Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yang Gao
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lyazat Kurenbekova
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ryan Shuck
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lawrence A Donehower
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Integrative Molecular and Biological Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jason T Yustein
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Integrative Molecular and Biological Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Abstract
Perianal mucinous adenocarcinoma has been rarely reported. Here we describe a case of perianal mucinous adenocarcinoma in a male patient, who was referred to our hospital because of "mixed hemorrhoid and perianal mass". During the operation, the tumor was found to be grid-like and filled with jelly-like substance. Histological examination revealed a perianal mucinous adenocarcinoma. An abdominoperineal resection was performed. The patient healed well after operation, and he was discharged after postoperative chemotherapy. Since perianal mucinous adenocarcinoma usually has no specific clinical symptoms, it is difficult to diagnose early. Perianal mucinous adenocarcinoma has a low survival rate and poor prognosis, and clinicians should raise their awareness of this disease.
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Kok-Sin T, Mokhtar NM, Ali Hassan NZ, Sagap I, Mohamed Rose I, Harun R, Jamal R. Identification of diagnostic markers in colorectal cancer via integrative epigenomics and genomics data. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:22-32. [PMID: 25997610 PMCID: PMC4484611 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Apart from genetic mutations, epigenetic alteration is a common phenomenon that contributes to neoplastic transformation in colorectal cancer. Transcriptional silencing of tumor-suppressor genes without changes in the DNA sequence is explained by the existence of promoter hypermethylation. To test this hypothesis, we integrated the epigenome and transcriptome data from a similar set of colorectal tissue samples. Methylation profiling was performed using the Illumina InfiniumHumanMethylation27 BeadChip on 55 paired cancer and adjacent normal epithelial cells. Fifteen of the 55 paired tissues were used for gene expression profiling using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Gene 1.0 ST array. Validation was carried out on 150 colorectal tissues using the methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) technique. PCA and supervised hierarchical clustering in the two microarray datasets showed good separation between cancer and normal samples. Significant genes from the two analyses were obtained based on a ≥2-fold change and a false discovery rate (FDR) p-value of <0.05. We identified 1,081 differentially hypermethylated CpG sites and 36 hypomethylated CpG sites. We also found 709 upregulated and 699 downregulated genes from the gene expression profiling. A comparison of the two datasets revealed 32 overlapping genes with 27 being hypermethylated with downregulated expression and 4 hypermethylated with upregulated expression. One gene was found to be hypomethylated and downregulated. The most enriched molecular pathway identified was cell adhesion molecules that involved 4 overlapped genes, JAM2, NCAM1, ITGA8 and CNTN1. In the present study, we successfully identified a group of genes that showed methylation and gene expression changes in well-defined colorectal cancer tissues with high purity. The integrated analysis gives additional insight regarding the regulation of colorectal cancer-associated genes and their underlying mechanisms that contribute to colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teow Kok-Sin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Zarina Ali Hassan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ismail Sagap
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Isa Mohamed Rose
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Roslan Harun
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ozen F, Ozdemir S, Zemheri E, Hacimuto G, Silan F, Ozdemir O. The proto-oncogene KRAS and BRAF profiles and some clinical characteristics in colorectal cancer in the Turkish population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2013; 17:135-9. [PMID: 23297805 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2012.0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence and predictive significance of the KRAS and BRAF mutations in Turkish patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Totally, 53 fresh tumoral tissue specimens were investigated in patients with CRC. All specimens were obtained during routine surgery of patients who were histopathologically diagnosed and genotyped for common KRAS and BRAF point mutations. After DNA extraction, the target mutations were analyzed using the AutoGenomics INFINITI(®) assay, and some samples were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction fluorescence melting curve analyses. RESULTS KRAS mutations were found in 26 (49.05%) CRC samples. Twenty-seven samples (50.95%) had wild-type profiles for KRAS codon 12, 13, and 61 in the current cohort. In 17 (65.38%) samples, codon 12; in 7 (26.93%) samples, codon 13; and in 2 (7.69%) samples, codon 61 were found to be mutated, particularly in grade 2 of tumoral tissues. No point mutation was detected in BRAF codon Val600Glu for the studied CRC patients. CONCLUSIONS Our study, based on a representative collection of human CRC tumors, indicates that KRAS gene mutations were detected in 49.05% of the samples, and the most frequent mutation was in the G12D codon. Results also showed that codons 12 and 13 of KRAS are relatively frequently without BRAF mutation in a CRC cohort from the Turkish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Ozen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medeniyet University Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Kilinc D, Ozdemir O, Ozdemir S, Korgali E, Koksal B, Uslu A, Gultekin YE. Alterations in promoter methylation status of tumor suppressor HIC1, SFRP2, and DAPK1 genes in prostate carcinomas. DNA Cell Biol 2011; 31:826-32. [PMID: 22136354 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2011.1431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypermethylated genomic DNA is a common feature in tumoral tissues, although the prevalence of this modification remains poorly understood. We aimed to determine the frequency of five tumor suppressor (TS) genes in prostate cancer and the correlation between promoter hypermethylation of these genes and low and high grade of prostate carcinomas. A total of 30 prostate tumor specimens were investigated for promoter methylation status of TS hypermethylated in cancer 1 (HIC1), death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1), secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16), and O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) genes by using bisulfite modifying method. A high frequency of promoter hypermethylation was found in HIC1 (70.9%), SFRP2 (58.3%), and DAPK1 (33.3%) genes in tumor samples that were examined. The current data show high frequency of hypermethylation changes in HIC1, SFRP2, and DAPK1 genes in prostate carcinomas of high Gleason Score (GS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Devran Kilinc
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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