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Ding X, Xu Y, Wang Y, Li X, Lu C, Su J, Ma Y, Chen Y, Yin Y, Zhang L, Wu Y, Jin Y, Zheng L, Xu S, Zhu X, Ma J, Yu L, Jiang J, Zhao N, Yan Q, Greenberg AS, Huang Q, Ren Q, Sun H, Gu M, Zhao L, Huang Y, Wu Y, Qian C, Peng Y. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Associated Metabolic Risks of Hypertension in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Community-Based Study. Int J Endocrinol 2017; 2017:5262560. [PMID: 28458689 PMCID: PMC5385250 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5262560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms facilitating hypertension in diabetes still remain to be elucidated. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a higher risk factor for insulin resistance, shares many predisposing factors with diabetes. However, little work has been performed on the pathogenesis of hypertension in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with NAFLD. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of hypertension in different glycemic statuses and to analyze relationships between NAFLD, metabolic risks, and hypertension within a large community-based population after informed written consent. A total of 9473 subjects aged over 45 years, including 1648 patients with T2DM, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Clinical and biochemical parameters of all participants were determined. The results suggested that the patients with prediabetes or T2DM were with higher risks to have hypertension. T2DM with NAFLD had significantly higher levels of blood pressure, triglyceride, uric acid, and HOMA-IR than those without NAFLD. Data analyses suggested that hypertriglyceridemia [OR = 1.773 (1.396, 2.251)], NAFLD [OR = 2.344 (1.736, 3.165)], hyperuricemia [OR = 1.474 (1.079, 2.012)], and insulin resistance [OR = 1.948 (1.540, 2.465)] were associated with the higher prevalence of hypertension independent of other metabolic risk factors in type 2 diabetes. Further studies are needed to focus on these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Ding
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sijing Hospital, 389 Sitong Rd, Shanghai 201601, China
| | - Yufan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Chunhua Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Sijing Community Health Service Center of Songjiang District, 108 North Jiangchuan Rd, Shanghai 201601, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yuhang Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yanhua Yin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sijing Hospital, 389 Sitong Rd, Shanghai 201601, China
| | - Yaqiong Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sijing Hospital, 389 Sitong Rd, Shanghai 201601, China
| | - Lijun Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sijing Hospital, 389 Sitong Rd, Shanghai 201601, China
| | - Songmei Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sijing Hospital, 389 Sitong Rd, Shanghai 201601, China
| | - Xiuli Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sijing Hospital, 389 Sitong Rd, Shanghai 201601, China
| | - Jilin Ma
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Sijing Community Health Service Center of Songjiang District, 108 North Jiangchuan Rd, Shanghai 201601, China
| | - Lihua Yu
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Sijing Community Health Service Center of Songjiang District, 108 North Jiangchuan Rd, Shanghai 201601, China
| | - Junyi Jiang
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3039 Zhangyang Rd, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - Naisi Zhao
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Qingwu Yan
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Andrew S. Greenberg
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Qianfang Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Mingyu Gu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yunhong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yijie Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Chunxian Qian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sijing Hospital, 389 Sitong Rd, Shanghai 201601, China
- *Chunxian Qian: and
| | - Yongde Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Rd, Shanghai 200080, China
- *Yongde Peng:
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