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Manya Mboni H, Faes M, Fraselle S, Compaoré M, Salvius BA, Joseph KB, Duez P, Jean-Baptiste LS, Stévigny C. Evaluating phytochemical constituents and in-vitro antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities of Fadogiella stigmatoloba, Hygrophylla auriculata, Hylodesmum repandum, and Porphyrostemma chevalieri extracts. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20103. [PMID: 37809863 PMCID: PMC10559859 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fadogiella stigmatoloba, Hygrophylla auriculata, Hylodesmum repandum and Porphyrostemma chevalieri are used against malaria in traditional medicine in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). To evaluate their potential in the treatment of this disease, the in vitro antiplasmodial property of these four plants was evaluated. All experiments were conducted on methanolic extracts performed on selected organ parts of these plants. Methods The methanolic extracts, obtained by maceration, were firstly screened in vitro against the chloroquine sensitive (3D7) and resistant (W2) Plasmodium falciparum strains by the measurement of lactate dehydrogenase activity, and on human keratinocytes (HaCat) cells by the MTT assay to determine their selectivity indices (SI). Secondly, the antioxidant activity of the same extracts was evaluated using DPPH and FRAP assays. Finally, the presence of specific phytochemical constituents was evaluated using standard methods and tentatively identified by GC-MS. Results An optimum antiplasmodial activity (IC50 = 3.4 ± 0.7 μg/mL, for 3D7, SI = 58.2; IC50 = 7 ± 1.0 μg/mL, for W2, SI = 28.3) was obtained with the leave extract of P. chevalieri. The leaves (for F. stigmatoloba and H. repandum), and the aerial part (for H. repandum) extracts showed promising and moderate antiplasmodial activities against respectively the 3D7 strain (IC50: <15 μg/mL), and W2 strain (IC50:15-50 μg/mL). All extracts presented a weak cytotoxic effect (IC50: >100 μg/mL) on HaCat cells. For the antioxidant test, the most interesting activity was obtained with the leaf extract of P. chevalieri. The GC-MS analysis of these four plants species extracts revealed the presence of various compounds, such as Ethyl 2-nonenoate, 2-(2-Hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-3,5,6-trimethyl pyrazine, Palmitic Acid, Ethyl palmitate, Ethyl linolenate, and N-Acetyltyramine. Conclusion Based on the obtained results, P. chevalieri could be selected for further investigations or ⁄and for the management of malaria after standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Manya Mboni
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP.1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Unité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine – CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Marie Faes
- Unité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine – CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Fraselle
- Unité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine – CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Moussa Compaoré
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Chimie Appliquée, Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ERBO, 03 BP. 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Bakari Amuri Salvius
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP.1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Kahumba Byanga Joseph
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP.1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Pierre Duez
- Service de Chimie Thérapeutique et de Pharmacognosie, Université de Mons (UMONS), 20 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Lumbu Simbi Jean-Baptiste
- Service de Chimie Organique, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Lubumbashi, BP. 1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Caroline Stévigny
- Unité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine – CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
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In vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity and chemical profiling of sugarcane leaves. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10250. [PMID: 35715548 PMCID: PMC9205285 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14391-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharum officinarum Linn. (sugarcane, Family-Poaceae) is employed in Ibibio traditional medicine for the treatment of various infections and diseases such as malaria. We This study aims to assess the antiplasmodial effect of the leaf extract and fractions on human malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum) in vitro, and rodent malaria parasite (P. berghei) in vivo, and analyse the bioactive components of the active fraction(s). The leaf extract and fractions of S. officinarum were prepared and their growth inhibitory effects tested against the chloroquine resistant P. falciparum strain (Dd2) and P. berghei infection in mice. An acute toxicity of the extract was determined. A combination of gas chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was applied for metabolites profiling of crude extract and active fractions. The leaf extract and fractions demonstrated moderate activity against P. falciparum with the dichloromethane fraction producing the most potent activity (EC50 = 15.4 µg/mL). The leaf extract (170–510 mg/kg, p.o., LD50 = 1732 mg/kg) and fractions demonstrated significant (p < 0.05–0.001) effect on P. berghei infection in prophylactic tests as well as in established infection with n-butanol fractions producing the highest effect. An unusual sulphur-containing compound, dilaurylthiodipropionate, fatty acids, phenolic acids, flavonoid and flavonoid glycoside were identified in the active fractions. These results give credence to the use of sugarcane leaves as malarial remedy locally by confirming the in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial potential of leaf extract/fractions of S. officinarum.
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Traore O, Compaore M, Okusa P, Hubinon F, Duez P, Blankert B, Kindrebeogo M. Development and validation of an original magneto-chromatography device for the whole blood determination of hemozoin, the paramagnetic malaria pigment. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Espinoza-Moraga M, Singh K, Njoroge M, Kaur G, Okombo J, De Kock C, Smith PJ, Wittlin S, Chibale K. Synthesis and biological characterisation of ester and amide derivatives of fusidic acid as antiplasmodial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:658-661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Whitehouse S, Chen PL, Greenshields AL, Nightingale M, Hoskin DW, Bedard K. Resveratrol, piperine and apigenin differ in their NADPH-oxidase inhibitory and reactive oxygen species-scavenging properties. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1494-1503. [PMID: 27765370 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many plant-derived chemicals have been studied for their potential benefits in ailments including inflammation, cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular disease. The health benefits of phytochemicals are often attributed to the targeting of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, it is not always clear whether these agents act directly as antioxidants to remove ROS, or whether they act indirectly by blocking ROS production by enzymes such as NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes, or by influencing the expression of cellular pro- and anti- oxidants. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Here we evaluate the pro- and anti-oxidant and NOX-inhibiting qualities of four phytochemicals: celastrol, resveratrol, apigenin, and piperine. STUDY DESIGN This work was done using the H661 cell line expressing little or no NOX, modified H661 cells expressing NOX1 and its subunits, and an EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell line expressing endogenous NOX2. ROS were measured using Amplex Red and nitroblue tetrazolium assays. In addition, direct ROS scavenging of hydrogen peroxide or superoxide generated were measured using Amplex Red and methyl cypridina luciferin analog (MCLA). RESULTS Of the four plant-derived compounds evaluated, only celastrol displayed NOX inhibitory activities, while celastrol and resveratrol both displayed ROS scavenging activity. Very little impact on ROS was observed with apigenin, or piperine. CONCLUSION The results of this study reveal the differences that exist between cell-free and intracellular pro-oxidant and antioxidant activities of several plant-derived compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Whitehouse
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - Pei-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - Anna L Greenshields
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - Mat Nightingale
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - David W Hoskin
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - Karen Bedard
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2.
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In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Annona muricata Leaf Extract in Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei. J Pathog 2016; 2016:3264070. [PMID: 27092277 PMCID: PMC4820626 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3264070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. The choice for the treatment is highly limited due to drug resistance. Hence, finding the new compounds to treat malaria is urgently needed. The present study was attempted to evaluate the antimalarial activity of the Annona muricata aqueous leaf extract in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Aqueous leaf extract of A. muricata was prepared and tested for acute toxicity in mice. For efficacy test in vivo, standard 4-day suppressive test was carried out. ICR mice were inoculated with 107 parasitized erythrocytes of P. berghei ANKA by intraperitoneal injection. The extracts (100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) were then given orally by gavage once a day for 4 consecutive days. Parasitemia, percentage of inhibition, and packed cell volume were subsequently calculated. Chloroquine (10 mg/kg) was given to infected mice as positive control while untreated control was given only distilled water. It was found that A. muricata aqueous leaf extract at doses of 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg resulted in dose dependent parasitemia inhibition of 38.03%, 75.25%, and 85.61%, respectively. Survival time was prolonged in infected mice treated with the extract. Moreover, no mortality to mice was observed with this extract up to a dose of 4000 mg/kg. In conclusion, the A. muricata aqueous leaf extract exerted significant antimalarial activity with no toxicity and prolonged survival time. Therefore, this extract might contain potential lead molecule for the development of a new drug for malaria treatment.
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Meira CS, Guimarães ET, Dos Santos JAF, Moreira DRM, Nogueira RC, Tomassini TCB, Ribeiro IM, de Souza CVC, Ribeiro Dos Santos R, Soares MBP. In vitro and in vivo antiparasitic activity of Physalis angulata L. concentrated ethanolic extract against Trypanosoma cruzi. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:969-974. [PMID: 26407938 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current treatment of Chagas disease, endemic in Latin America and emerging in several countries, is limited by the frequent side effects and variable efficacy of benznidazole. Natural products are an important source for the search for new drugs. AIM/HYPOTHESIS Considering the great potential of natural products as antiparasitic agents, we investigated the anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of a concentrated ethanolic extract of Physalis angulata (EEPA). METHODS Cytotoxicity to mammalian cells was determined using mouse peritoneal macrophages. The antiparasitic activity was evaluated against axenic epimastigote and bloodstream trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi, and against amastigote forms using T. cruzi-infected macrophages. Cell death mechanism was determined in trypomastigotes by flow cytometry analysis after annexin V and propidium iodide staining. The efficacy of EEPA was examined in vivo in an acute model of infection by monitoring blood parasitaemia and survival rate 30 days after treatment. The effect against trypomastigotes of EEPA and benznidazole acting in combination was evaluated. RESULTS EEPA effectively inhibits the epimastigote growth (IC50 2.9 ± 0.1 µM) and reduces bloodstream trypomastigote viability (EC50 1.7 ± 0.5 µM). It causes parasite cell death by necrosis. EEPA impairs parasite infectivity as well as amastigote development in concentrations noncytotoxic to mammalian cells. In mice acutely-infected with T. cruzi, EEPA reduced the blood parasitaemia in 72.7%. When combined with benznidazole, EEPA showed a synergistic anti-T. cruzi activity, displaying CI values of 0.8 ± 0.07 at EC50 and 0.83 ± 0.1 at EC90. CONCLUSION EEPA has antiparasitic activity against T. cruzi, causing cell death by necrosis and showing synergistic activity with benznidazole. These findings were reinforced by the observed efficacy of EEPA in reducing parasite load in T. cruzi-mice. Therefore, this represents an important source of antiparasitic natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Santana Meira
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Elisalva Teixeira Guimarães
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jamyle Andrade Ferreira Dos Santos
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ivone Maria Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais-PN2-Extração, Isolamento e Purificação, Farmanguinhos-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Claudia Valeria Campos de Souza
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais-PN2-Extração, Isolamento e Purificação, Farmanguinhos-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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