1
|
Cholich L, Pistán M, Cabrera Benítez A, Torres A, García EN, Martinez A, Gardner D, Bustillo S. Evaluation of the toxicological effects of Neltuma alpataco (Prosopis alpataco) pod alkaloid extract. Toxicon 2024; 241:107665. [PMID: 38428752 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The pods of Neltuma spp. have shown potential as a source of protein and energy in livestock. However, prolonged consumption of some of these species can lead to neurological symptoms in ruminants. This study aimed to determine the alkaloid content, as well as the in vitro and in vivo effects of an alkaloid-enriched extract (AEE) from N. alpataco pods. High performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) identified juliprosine and juliprosopine as primary alkaloids, with juliprosine being most abundant. AEE from N. alpataco demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity on glioma cells after 48 h, with a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of 24.69 μg/mL. However, the release of LDH was observed only at the highest tested concentration, indicating cellular damage. Further examination through phase-contrast microscopy and dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescence staining revealed morphological changes consistent with an apoptotic mechanism of cell death, ultimately leading to secondary necrosis. Finally, the LD50 after intraperitoneal injection in mice was determined to be 12.98 mg/kg. Taken together, these findings demonstrated for the first time the in vivo and in vitro toxicity of the AEE from N. alpataco pods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Cholich
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina; The National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina.
| | - María Pistán
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina; The National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina
| | | | - Ana Torres
- Natural Products Laboratory, IQUIBA-NEA CONICET, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Enrique Nicolas García
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Agustín Martinez
- Animal Health Group, National Institute for Agricultural Technology, INTA, Bariloche, CP 8400, Argentina
| | - Dale Gardner
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Soledad Bustillo
- Biological and Molecular Investigations Group (GIByM), IQUIBA-NEA CONICET, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abd-ElGawad AM, Assaeed AM, El Gendy AEN, Pistelli L, Dar BA, Elshamy AI. Phytotoxicity of Rich Oxygenated Terpenes Essential Oil of Prosopis farcta against the Weed Dactyloctenium aegyptium. SEPARATIONS 2023; 10:361. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10060361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Weeds are considered the main reason for crop yield loss in the world. Weed control and management include various treatments such as cultural, physical, chemical, and biological methods. Chemical control of weeds is the most common method; however, the application of commercial synthetic herbicides caused several dangerous hazards in the environment including the appearance of resistant weed biotypes. Prosopis farcta (Banks & Sol.) J.F.Macbr. (Family: Fabaceae), is a common weed plant in the Middle East, where it is hard to eliminate due to its deep and overlapped roots. On the other side, it has many traditional uses around the world. Herein, the essential oil (EO) of P. farcta above-ground parts was extracted via hydrodistillation techniques and then analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). From the GC-MS analysis, 47 compounds were identified with a relative concentration of 98.02%, including terpenes as the main components (95.08%). From overall identified compounds, cubenol (19.07%), trans-chrysanthenyl acetate (17.69%), torreyol (8.28%), davana ether (3.50%), camphor (3.35%), and farnesyl acetone (3.13%) represented the abundant constituents. Furthermore, the phytotoxic activity of the P. farcta EO was assessed against the weed Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. The EO of P. farcta, at a concentration of 100 µL L−1, significantly inhibited the germination, seedling shoot growth, and seedling root growth by 64.1, 64.0, and 73.4%, respectively. The results exhibited that the seedling root growth is the most affected followed by the seed germination and seedling shoot growth with respective IC50 at 64.5, 80.5, and 92.9 µL L−1. It can be concluded that weeds are not absolutely harmful, but they may have beneficial uses, such as, for example as a source of phytochemicals with application in weed control practices (bioherbicides). It is advised to conduct additional research to characterize the allelopathic action of the major chemicals in their pure form, either alone or in combination, against a variety of weeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Abd-ElGawad
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz M. Assaeed
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abd El-Nasser El Gendy
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Luisa Pistelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Basharat A. Dar
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelsamed I. Elshamy
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nina N, Theoduloz C, Giménez A, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Phenolics from the Bolivian highlands food plant Ombrophytum subterraneum (Aspl.) B. Hansen (Balanophoraceae): Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109382. [PMID: 33233084 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The Balanophoraceae Ombrophytum subterraneum is an endemic highland food plant occurring in Bolivia, northern Argentina and Chile. The upper part of this parasitic plant is eaten fresh. The aim of this work was to characterize the compounds occurring in the edible part and to assess any differences between the inflorescence and tuber. Ethanol extracts of the different plant parts were analyzed for antioxidant activity by the ORAC, TEAC, FRAP, CUPRAC and DPPH methods as well as for the effect on enzymes related to metabolic syndrome (α-amylase, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase). The main constituents were isolated by a combination of gel permeation in Sephadex LH-20 and countercurrent chromatography (CCC). Five compounds were isolated and fully identified by spectroscopic and spectrometric means. The new 3',5,5',7-tetrahydroxyflavanone 7-O-β-D-1 → 6 diglucoside was isolated for the first time. HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis allowed the identification of 19 compounds, including flavanones, flavanols, flavonols, dehydroflavonols and lignans, mainly as glycosides. A strong inhibition towards α-glucosidase was observed for the edible parts (IC50: 1.46 µg/mL) as well as for the tuber and inflorescence (IC50: 1.56 µg/mL and 0.87 µg/mL, respectively). A significant correlation was established between the total phenolic and the antioxidant capacity of the extracts as well as with the content of the new flavanone diglucoside. This is the first comprehensive report on the naturally occurring antioxidants and enzyme inhibitors from this native highland food resource.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nélida Nina
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, 3460000 Talca, Chile
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, 3460000 Talca, Chile
| | - Alberto Giménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, 3460000 Talca, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ali JS, Saleem H, Mannan A, Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF, Locatelli M, Abidin SAZ, Ahemad N, Zia M. Metabolic fingerprinting, antioxidant characterization, and enzyme-inhibitory response of Monotheca buxifolia (Falc.) A. DC. extracts. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:313. [PMID: 33066787 PMCID: PMC7568377 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethnobotanical and plant-based products allow for the isolation of active constituents against a number of maladies. Monotheca buxifolia is used by local communities due to its digestive and laxative properties, as well as its ability to cure liver, kidney, and urinary diseases. There is a need to explore the biological activities and chemical constituents of this medicinal plant. METHODS In this work, the biochemical potential of M. buxifolia (Falc.) A. DC was explored and linked with its biological activities. Methanol and chloroform extracts from leaves and stems were investigated for total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) was used to determine secondary-metabolite composition, while high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) was used for polyphenolic quantification. In addition, we carried out in vitro assays to determine antioxidant potential and the enzyme-inhibitory response of M. buxifolia extracts. RESULTS Phenolics (91 mg gallic-acid equivalent (GAE)/g) and flavonoids (48.86 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g) exhibited their highest concentration in the methanol extract of stems and the chloroform extract of leaves, respectively. UHPLC-MS analysis identified a number of important phytochemicals, belonging to the flavonoid, phenolic, alkaloid, and terpenoid classes of secondary metabolites. The methanol extract of leaves contained a diosgenin derivative and polygalacin D, while kaempferol and robinin were most abundant in the chloroform extract. The methanol extract of stems contained a greater peak area for diosgenin and kaempferol, whereas this was true for lucidumol A and 3-O-cis-coumaroyl maslinic acid in the chloroform extract. Rutin, epicatechin, and catechin were the main phenolics identified by HPLC-PDA analysis. The methanol extract of stems exhibited significant 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical-scavenging activities (145.18 and 279.04 mmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/g, respectively). The maximum cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) (361.4 mg TE/g), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (247.19 mg TE/g), and total antioxidant potential (2.75 mmol TE/g) were depicted by the methanol extract of stems. The methanol extract of leaves exhibited stronger inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glucosidase, while the chloroform extract of stems was most active against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (4.27 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g). Similarly, the highest tyrosinase (140 mg kojic-acid equivalent (KAE)/g) and amylase (0.67 mmol acarbose equivalent (ACAE)/g) inhibition was observed for the methanol extract of stems. CONCLUSIONS UHPLC-MS analysis and HPLC-PDA quantification identified a number of bioactive secondary metabolites of M. buxifolia, which may be responsible for its antioxidant potential and enzyme-inhibitory response. M. buxifolia can be further explored for the isolation of its active components to be used as a drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joham Sarfraz Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Saleem
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IPS), University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Mannan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Abbottabad campus Abbottabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Campus/Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University 'G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Syafiq Asnawi Zainal Abidin
- Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometery (LCMS) Platform, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Nafees Ahemad
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Zia
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Perioli L. Active Ingredients of Natural Sources and their Applications. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:517-518. [PMID: 32213155 DOI: 10.2174/138161282606200306105213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luana Perioli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, via del Liceo 1 - 06123, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|