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Mlakić M, Čadež T, Šinko G, Škorić I, Kovarik Z. New Heterostilbene and Triazole Oximes as Potential CNS-Active and Cholinesterase-Targeted Therapeutics. Biomolecules 2024; 14:679. [PMID: 38927082 PMCID: PMC11201660 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
New furan, thiophene, and triazole oximes were synthesized through several-step reaction paths to investigate their potential for the development of central nervous systems (CNS)-active and cholinesterase-targeted therapeutics in organophosphorus compound (OP) poisonings. Treating patients with acute OP poisoning is still a challenge despite the development of a large number of oxime compounds that should have the capacity to reactivate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). The activity of these two enzymes, crucial for neurotransmission, is blocked by OP, which has the consequence of disturbing normal cholinergic nerve signal transduction in the peripheral and CNS, leading to a cholinergic crisis. The oximes in use have one or two pyridinium rings and cross the brain-blood barrier poorly due to the quaternary nitrogen. Following our recent study on 2-thienostilbene oximes, in this paper, we described the synthesis of 63 heterostilbene derivatives, of which 26 oximes were tested as inhibitors and reactivators of AChE and BChE inhibited by OP nerve agents-sarin and cyclosarin. While the majority of oximes were potent inhibitors of both enzymes in the micromolar range, we identified several oximes as BChE or AChE selective inhibitors with the potential for drug development. Furthermore, the oximes were poor reactivators of AChE; four heterocyclic derivatives reactivated cyclosarin-inhibited BChE up to 70%, and cis,trans-5 [2-((Z)-2-(5-((E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl)thiophen-2-yl)vinyl)benzonitrile] had a reactivation efficacy comparable to the standard oxime HI-6. In silico analysis and molecular docking studies, including molecular dynamics simulation, connected kinetic data to the structural features of these oximes and confirmed their productive interactions with the active site of cyclosarin-inhibited BChE. Based on inhibition and reactivation and their ADMET properties regarding lipophilicity, CNS activity, and hepatotoxicity, these compounds could be considered for further development of CNS-active reactivators in OP poisoning as well as cholinesterase-targeted therapeutics in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Mlakić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Tena Čadež
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (T.Č.); (G.Š.)
| | - Goran Šinko
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (T.Č.); (G.Š.)
| | - Irena Škorić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Zrinka Kovarik
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (T.Č.); (G.Š.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang X, Guo C, Xing X, Zhang ZM, Ding K, Li Z. Oxidant-Induced Bioconjugation for Protein Labeling in Live Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:112-122. [PMID: 36543757 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemical proteomics is a powerful technology that can be used in the studies of the functions of uncharacterized proteins in the human proteome. It relies on a suitable bioconjugation strategy for protein labeling. This could be either a UV-responsive photo-crosslinker or an electrophilic warhead embedded in chemical probes that can form covalent bonds with target proteins. Here, we report a new protein-labeling strategy in which a nitrile oxide, a highly reactive intermediate that reacts with proteins, can be efficiently generated by the treatment of oximes with a water-soluble and a minimally toxic oxidant, phenyliodine bis (trifluoroacetate) (PIFA). The resulting intermediate can rapidly bioconjugate with amino acid residues of target proteins, thus enabling target identification of oxime-containing bioactive molecules. Excellent chemoselectivity of cysteine residues by the nitrile oxide was observed, and over 4000 reactive and/or accessible cysteines, including KRAS G12C, have been successfully characterized by quantitative chemical proteomics. Some of these residues could not be detected by conventional cysteine reagents, thus demonstrating the complementary utility of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiacong Liu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xianfang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Cuiping Guo
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiwen Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhi-Min Zhang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ke Ding
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhengqiu Li
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Akhtar A, Gupta SM, Dwivedi S, Kumar D, Shaikh MF, Negi A. Preclinical Models for Alzheimer's Disease: Past, Present, and Future Approaches. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:47504-47517. [PMID: 36591205 PMCID: PMC9798399 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A robust preclinical disease model is a primary requirement to understand the underlying mechanisms, signaling pathways, and drug screening for human diseases. Although various preclinical models are available for several diseases, clinical models for Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain underdeveloped and inaccurate. The pathophysiology of AD mainly includes the presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Furthermore, neuroinflammation and free radical generation also contribute to AD. Currently, there is a wide gap in scientific approaches to preventing AD progression. Most of the available drugs are limited to symptomatic relief and improve deteriorating cognitive functions. To mimic the pathogenesis of human AD, animal models like 3XTg-AD and 5XFAD are the primarily used mice models in AD therapeutics. Animal models for AD include intracerebroventricular-streptozotocin (ICV-STZ), amyloid beta-induced, colchicine-induced, etc., focusing on parameters such as cognitive decline and dementia. Unfortunately, the translational rate of the potential drug candidates in clinical trials is poor due to limitations in imitating human AD pathology in animal models. Therefore, the available preclinical models possess a gap in AD modeling. This paper presents an outline that critically assesses the applicability and limitations of the current approaches in disease modeling for AD. Also, we attempted to provide key suggestions for the best-fit model to evaluate potential therapies, which might improve therapy translation from preclinical studies to patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansab Akhtar
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Shraddha M. Gupta
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Shubham Dwivedi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Devendra Kumar
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, DIT University, Uttarakhand, Dehradun 248009, India
| | - Mohd. Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology
Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Arvind Negi
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland
- E-mail:
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Allard JL, Shields KA, Munro T, Lua LHL. Design and production strategies for developing a recombinant butyrylcholinesterase medical countermeasure for Organophosphorus poisoning. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 363:109996. [PMID: 35654125 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphorus nerve agents represent a serious chemical threat due to their ease of production and scale of impact. The recent use of the nerve agent Novichok has re-emphasised the need for broad-spectrum medical countermeasures (MCMs) to these agents. However, current MCMs are limited. Plasma derived human butyrylcholinesterase (huBChE) is a promising novel bioscavenger MCM strategy, but is prohibitively expensive to isolate from human plasma at scale. Efforts to produce recombinant huBChE (rBChE) in various protein expression platforms have failed to achieve key critical attributes of huBChE such as circulatory half-life. These proteins often lack critical features such as tetrameric structure and requisite post-translational modifications. This review evaluates previous attempts to generate rBChE and assesses recent advances in mammalian cell expression and protein engineering strategies that could be deployed to achieve the required half-life and yield for a viable rBChE MCM. This includes the addition of a proline-rich attachment domain, fusion proteins, post translational modifications, expression system selection and optimised downstream processes. Whilst challenges remain, a combinatorial approach of these strategies demonstrates potential as a technically feasible approach to achieving a bioactive and cost effective bioscavenger MCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne L Allard
- Defence Science and Technology Group, Fishermans Bend, Victoria, 3207, Australia; The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
| | - Katherine A Shields
- Defence Science and Technology Group, Fishermans Bend, Victoria, 3207, Australia
| | - TrentP Munro
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Linda H L Lua
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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Lorke DE, Nurulain SM, Hasan MY, Kuča K, Petroianu GA. Experimental and Established Oximes as Pretreatment before Acute Exposure to Azinphos-Methyl. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3072. [PMID: 33802843 PMCID: PMC8002820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poisoning with organophosphorus compounds (OPCs) represents an ongoing threat to civilians and rescue personal. We have previously shown that oximes, when administered prophylactically before exposure to the OPC paraoxon, are able to protect from its toxic effects. In the present study, we have assessed to what degree experimental (K-27; K-48; K-53; K-74; K-75) or established oximes (pralidoxime, obidoxime), when given as pretreatment at an equitoxic dosage of 25% of LD01, are able to reduce mortality induced by the OPC azinphos-methyl. Their efficacy was compared with that of pyridostigmine, the only FDA-approved substance for such prophylaxis. Efficacy was quantified in rats by Cox analysis, calculating the relative risk of death (RR), with RR=1 for the reference group given only azinphos-methyl, but no prophylaxis. All tested compounds significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced azinphos-methyl-induced mortality. In addition, the efficacy of all tested experimental and established oximes except K-53 was significantly superior to the FDA-approved compound pyridostigmine. Best protection was observed for the oximes K-48 (RR = 0.20), K-27 (RR = 0.23), and obidoxime (RR = 0.21), which were significantly more efficacious than pralidoxime and pyridostigmine. The second-best group of prophylactic compounds consisted of K-74 (RR = 0.26), K-75 (RR = 0.35) and pralidoxime (RR = 0.37), which were significantly more efficacious than pyridostigmine. Pretreatment with K-53 (RR = 0.37) and pyridostigmine (RR = 0.52) was the least efficacious. Our present data, together with previous results on other OPCs, indicate that the experimental oximes K-27 and K-48 are very promising pretreatment compounds. When penetration into the brain is undesirable, obidoxime is the most efficacious prophylactic agent already approved for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietrich E. Lorke
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Syed M. Nurulain
- Bio Science Department, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Bio Sciences Block, CUI, Park Road, Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan;
| | - Mohamed Y. Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanského 62/26, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Georg A. Petroianu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates;
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A Smartphone Camera Colorimetric Assay of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Activity. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21051796. [PMID: 33807562 PMCID: PMC7961819 DOI: 10.3390/s21051796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) can serve as biochemical markers of various pathologies like liver disfunction and poisonings by nerve agents. Ellman’s assay is the standard spectrophotometric method to measure cholinesterase activity in clinical laboratories. The authors present a new colorimetric test to assess AChE and BChE activity in biological samples using chromogenic reagents, treated 3D-printed measuring pads and a smartphone camera as a signal detector. Multiwell pads treated with reagent substrates 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenyl acetate, indoxylacetate, ethoxyresorufin and methoxyresorufin were prepared and tested for AChE and BChE. In the experiments, 3D-printed pads containing indoxylacetate as a chromogenic substrate were optimal for analytical purposes. The best results were achieved using the red (R) channel, where the limit of detection was 4.05 µkat/mL for BChE and 4.38 µkat/mL for AChE using a 40 µL sample and a 60 min assay. The major advantage of this method is its overall simplicity, as samples are applied directly without any specific treatment or added reagents. The assay was also validated to the standard Ellman’s assay using human plasma samples. In conclusion, this smartphone camera-based colorimetric assay appears to have practical applicability and to be a suitable method for point-of-care testing because it does not require specific manipulation, additional education of staff or use of sophisticated analytical instruments.
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Aliomrani M, Mesripour A, Sayahpour Z. AChR is partly responsible in mice depressive-like behavior after Phosalone exposure. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021; 84:106957. [PMID: 33539933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.106957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosalone (Pln) is an organophosphorus pesticide acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Blockade of AChE amplifies ACh signaling that is related to depressive symptoms. The effects of Pln exposure were evaluated on depressive behavior in mice and the involvement of muscarinic ACh receptor (MAChR) was assessed. MATERIAL AND METHODS After measuring total activity in the locomotor test the immobility time during the forced swimming test (FST) in male mice was evaluated as an index of depression. Pln single dose was administered by gavage feeding and examined after 3 h (day1) and on day 7 for evaluating delayed toxicity. In separate groups Pln was administered for 5 consecutive days and examined on day 6 also after one-week delay on day12. RESULTS While there were only marginal differences in the locomotor tests. Immobility time during the FST significantly increased on day1 by Pln 6, 12, 40 mg/kg (185 ± 17 s, 186 ± 9 s, 172.0 ± 7 s respectively) compared with control animals (149 ± 8 s, p < 0.01), immobility time was higher than control on day 6 after multiple exposures to Pln (0.6, 6, 12, 20 mg/kg 190 ± 20s, 210 ± 4 s, 196 ± 10s, 204 ± 9 respectively, vs control 153 ± 7 p < 0.001). The immobility time remained high following a week of relapse. The co-administration of Pln with scopolamine (Scp) a MAChR antagonist reduced immobility time (141 ± 10s vs Pln 186 ± 9 s, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Single exposure to Pln induced depressive-like effects that were reversed by Scp, indicating that MAChR stimulation may be involved. While cumulative exposures caused more pronounced changes in depressive behavior that remained after a week from the last exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Aliomrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Mesripour
- Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Zahra Sayahpour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Combined Pre- and Posttreatment of Paraoxon Exposure. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071521. [PMID: 32230733 PMCID: PMC7180863 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Organophosphates (OPCs), useful agents as pesticides, also represent a serious health hazard. Standard therapy with atropine and established oxime-type enzyme reactivators is unsatisfactory. Experimental data indicate that superior therapeutic results can be obtained when reversible cholinesterase inhibitors are administered before OPC exposure. Comparing the protective efficacy of five such cholinesterase inhibitors (physostigmine, pyridostigmine, ranitidine, tacrine, or K-27), we observed best protection for the experimental oxime K-27. The present study was undertaken in order to determine if additional administration of K-27 immediately after OPC (paraoxon) exposure can improve the outcome. METHODS Therapeutic efficacy was assessed in rats by determining the relative risk of death (RR) by Cox survival analysis over a period of 48 h. Animals that received only pretreatment and paraoxon were compared with those that had received pretreatment and paraoxon followed by K-27 immediately after paraoxon exposure. RESULTS Best protection from paraoxon-induced mortality was observed after pretreatment with physostigmine (RR = 0.30) and K-27 (RR = 0.34). Both substances were significantly more efficacious than tacrine (RR = 0.67), ranitidine (RR = 0.72), and pyridostigmine (RR = 0.76), which were less efficacious but still significantly reduced the RR compared to the no-treatment group (paraoxon only). Additional administration of K-27 immediately after paraoxon exposure (posttreatment) did not further reduce mortality. Statistical analysis between pretreatment before paraoxon exposure alone and pretreatment plus K-27 posttreatment did not show any significant difference for any of the pretreatment regimens. CONCLUSIONS Best outcome is achieved if physostigmine or K-27 are administered prophylactically before exposure to sublethal paraoxon dosages. Therapeutic outcome is not further improved by additional oxime therapy immediately thereafter.
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Bu L, Guo L, Xie J. An in situ assay of nerve agents enabled by a self-assembled bienzymatic electrochemical biosensor. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00929f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A new self-assembled bienzymatic electrochemical biosensor is proposed to in situ detect NAs and readily investigate the inhibition processes of NAs using a single step protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences
- Beijing 100850
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences
- Beijing 100850
- P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, and Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Academy of Military Medical Sciences
- Beijing 100850
- P. R. China
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Semenov VE, Zueva IV, Lushchekina SV, Lenina OA, Gubaidullina LM, Saifina LF, Shulaeva MM, Kayumova RM, Saifina AF, Gubaidullin AT, Kondrashova SA, Latypov SK, Masson P, Petrov KA. 6-Methyluracil derivatives as peripheral site ligand-hydroxamic acid conjugates: Reactivation for paraoxon-inhibited acetylcholinesterase. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 185:111787. [PMID: 31675511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
New uncharged conjugates of 6-methyluracil derivatives with imidazole-2-aldoxime and 1,2,4-triazole-3-hydroxamic acid units were synthesized and studied as reactivators of organophosphate-inhibited cholinesterase. Using paraoxon (POX) as a model organophosphate, it was shown that 6-methyluracil derivatives linked with hydroxamic acid are able to reactivate POX-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in vitro. The reactivating efficacy of one compound (5b) is lower than that of pyridinium-2-aldoxime (2-PAM). Meanwhile, unlike 2-PAM, in vivo study showed that the lead compound 5b is able: (1) to reactivate POX-inhibited AChE in the brain; (2) to decrease death of neurons and, (3) to prevent memory impairment in rat model of POX-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav E Semenov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation.
| | - Irina V Zueva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Sofya V Lushchekina
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina str., 4, Moscow, 119334, Russian Federation
| | - Oksana A Lenina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Lilya M Gubaidullina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Lilya F Saifina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Marina M Shulaeva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Ramilya M Kayumova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Alina F Saifina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Aidar T Gubaidullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana A Kondrashova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Shamil K Latypov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Patrick Masson
- Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya str., 18, Kazan, 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin A Petrov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
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