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Zhang WY, Li GC, Fan Y, Sun XQ, Wang B, Zhang CY, Feng XX, Xu WB, Liu JC. Synthesis of three cisplatin-conjugated asymmetric porphyrin photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:582-590. [PMID: 38059743 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02900j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy provides a promising solution for treating various cancer types. In this study, three distinct asymmetric porphyrin-cisplatin complex photosensitizers (ZnPt-P1, ZnPt-P2, and ZnPt-P3) were synthesized, each having unique side chains. Through a set of experiments involving singlet oxygen detection and density functional theory, ZnPt-P1 was demonstrated to have excellent efficacy, exceeding that of ZnPt-P2 and ZnPt-P3. Notably, ZnPt-1 showed significant phototoxicity while maintaining low dark toxicity when tested on HepG2 cells. Additionally, further examination revealed that ZnPt-P1 had the capability to generate reactive oxygen species within cancer cells when exposed to light irradiation. Taken together, these results highlight the potential of ZnPt-P1 as a photosensitizer for use in photodynamic therapy. This study contributes to enhancing cancer treatment methodologies and provides insights for the future development of innovative drugs for photosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry a Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Chen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry a Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Qin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry a Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry a Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry a Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Xia Feng
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry a Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Bing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry a Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
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2
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Zhu W, Huang L, Wu C, Liu L, Li H. Reviewing the evolutive ACQ-to-AIE transformation of photosensitizers for phototheranostics. LUMINESCENCE 2023. [PMID: 38148620 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents an emerging noninvasive treatment technique for cancers and various nonmalignant diseases, including infections. During the process of PDT, the physical and chemical properties of photosensitizers (PSs) critically determine the effectiveness of PDT. Traditional PSs have made great progress in clinical applications. One of the challenges is that traditional PSs suffer from aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) due to their discotic structures. Recently, aggregation-induced emission PSs (AIE-PSs) with a twisted propeller-shaped conformation have been widely concerned because of high reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency, strong fluorescence efficiency, and resistance to photobleaching. However, AIE-PSs also have some disadvantages, such as short absorption wavelengths and insufficient molar absorption coefficient. When the advantages and disadvantages of AIE-PSs and ACQ-PSs are complementary, combining ACQ-PSs and AIE-PSs is a "win-to-win" strategy. As far as we know, the conversion of traditional representative ACQ-PSs to AIE-PSs for phototheranostics has not been reviewed. In the review, we summarize the recent progress on the ACQ-to-AIE transformation of PSs and the strategies to achieve desirable theranostic applications. The review would be helpful to design more efficient ACQ-AIE-PSs in the future and to accelerate the development and clinical application of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- College of Textiles Science and Engineering (International Silk Institute), Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Shengfa Textiles Printing and Dyeing Co., Ltd., Huzhou, China
| | - Lin Huang
- College of Textiles Science and Engineering (International Silk Institute), Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Wu
- College of Textiles Science and Engineering (International Silk Institute), Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingli Liu
- Transfar Zhilian Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles (Ministry of Education), Nonwoven Technology Laboratory, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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3
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Dutta D, Nair RR, Neog K, Nair SA, Gogoi P. Mitochondria-targeted biotin-conjugated BODIPYs for cancer imaging and therapy. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2358-2364. [PMID: 37974957 PMCID: PMC10650437 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00347g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Two BODIPY-biotin conjugates KDP1 and KDP2 are designed and synthesized for targeted PDT applications. Both have good absorption with a high molar absorption coefficient and decent singlet oxygen generation quantum yields. The photosensitizers KDP1 and KDP2 were found to be localized in the mitochondria with excellent photocytotoxicity of up to 18.7 nM in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The cell death predominantly proceeded through the apoptosis pathway via ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Dutta
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST) Assam Jorhat-785006 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Rajshree R Nair
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology Trivandrum-695014 Kerala India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal-576104 Karnataka India
| | - Kashmiri Neog
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST) Assam Jorhat-785006 India
| | - S Asha Nair
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology Trivandrum-695014 Kerala India
| | - Pranjal Gogoi
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST) Assam Jorhat-785006 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
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4
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Dutta D, Nair RR, Mangalath S, Nair SA, Joseph J, Gogoi P, Ramaiah D. Biocompatible Aza-BODIPY-Biotin Conjugates for Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26180-26190. [PMID: 37521632 PMCID: PMC10373210 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
With an objective to develop efficient photosensitizers to cancerous tissues, we synthesized two novel biocompatible sensitizers based on aza-BODIPYs incorporated with heavy atoms and biotin moieties. The bioconjugates DPR2a and DPR2b exhibited a favorable absorption range (600-750 nm) with excellent triplet-state quantum yields (up to 79%) and singlet oxygen generation yields (up to 75%). In vitro photobiological investigations employing MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines exhibited rapid cellular uptake, negligible dark toxicity, and high photocytotoxicity. The mechanism of cell death of these systems was predominantly due to the mitochondrial damage, leading to apoptosis mediated via the generation of singlet oxygen-triggered reactive oxygen species. The in vivo studies with the representative conjugate DPR2a employing female NOD/SCID mice models showed inhibition in tumor growth and significantly decreased tumor volume post photodynamic therapy (PDT) treatment. Our results validate that both DPR2a and DPR2b with iodine incorporation exhibit favorable and superior photophysical and photobiological aspects and demonstrate thereby their potential applications in imaging and PDT of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Dutta
- Applied
Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology
(CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rajshree R. Nair
- Cancer
Research Program 4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre
for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala 695014, India
- Manipal
Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Sreejith Mangalath
- Photosciences
and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science
and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - S. Asha Nair
- Cancer
Research Program 4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre
for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala 695014, India
| | - Joshy Joseph
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Photosciences
and Photonics Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science
and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - Pranjal Gogoi
- Applied
Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology
(CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Danaboyina Ramaiah
- Department
of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology
& Science (BITS), Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
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5
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Shaller BD, Filsoof D, Pineda JM, Gildea TR. Malignant Central Airway Obstruction: What's New? Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 43:512-529. [PMID: 35654419 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Malignant central airway obstruction (MCAO) is a debilitating and life-limiting complication that occurs in an unfortunately large number of individuals with advanced intrathoracic cancer. Although the management of MCAO is multimodal and interdisciplinary, the task of providing patients with prompt palliation falls increasingly on the shoulders of interventional pulmonologists. While a variety of tools and techniques are available for the management of malignant obstructive lesions, advancements and evolution in this therapeutic venue have been somewhat sluggish and limited when compared with other branches of interventional pulmonary medicine (e.g., the early diagnosis of peripheral lung nodules). Indeed, one pragmatic, albeit somewhat uncharitable, reading of this article's title might suggest a wry smile and shug of the shoulders as to imply that relatively little has changed in recent years. That said, the spectrum of interventions for MCAO continues to expand, even if at a less impressive clip. Herein, we present on MCAO and its endoscopic and nonendoscopic management-that which is old, that which is new, and that which is still on the horizon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Shaller
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Darius Filsoof
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jorge M Pineda
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Cacaccio JC, Durrani FA, Missert JR, Pandey RK. Photodynamic Therapy in Combination with Doxorubicin Is Superior to Monotherapy for the Treatment of Lung Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:857. [PMID: 35453607 PMCID: PMC9024488 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that a radioactive (123I)-analog of methyl 3-(1'-(iodobexyloxy) ethyl-3-devinylpyropheophorbide-a (PET-ONCO), derived from chlorophyll-a can be used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of a variety of tumors, including those where 18F-FDG shows limitations. In this study, the photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy of the corresponding non-radioactive photosensitizer (PS) was investigated in a variety of tumor types (NSCLC, SCC, adenocarcinoma) derived from lung cancer patients in mice tumor models. The in vitro and in vivo efficacy was also investigated in combination with doxorubicin, and a significantly enhanced long-term tumor response was observed. The toxicity and toxicokinetic profile of the iodinated PS was also evaluated in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats and Beagle dog at variable doses (single intravenous injections) to assess reversibility or latency of any effects over a 28-day dose free period. The no-observed-adverse-effect (NOAEL) of the PS was considered to be 6.5 mg/kg for male and female rats, and for dogs, 3.45 mg/kg, the highest dose levels evaluated, respectively. The corresponding plasma Cmax and AYClast for male and female rats were 214,000 and 229,000 ng/mL and 3,680,000 and 3,810,000 h * ng/mL, respectively. For male and female dogs, the corresponding plasma Cmax and AYClast were 76,000 and 92,400 ng/mL and 976,000 and 1,200,000 h * ng/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C. Cacaccio
- Photodynamic Therapy Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (J.C.C.); (F.A.D.)
| | - Farukh A. Durrani
- Photodynamic Therapy Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (J.C.C.); (F.A.D.)
| | | | - Ravindra K. Pandey
- Photodynamic Therapy Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (J.C.C.); (F.A.D.)
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Tumor-selective new piperazine-fragmented silicon phthalocyanines initiate cell death in breast cancer cell lines. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 216:112143. [PMID: 33550219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A new silicon phthalocyanine with piperazine-furan ring and its quaternized form were synthesized. All compounds were analyzed by spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, 1H-NMR, MS, and UV-vis), and the absorbance characteristics of silicon phthalocyanines were evaluated with the expected strong typical absorption bands in the far-red spectrum. The cytotoxic effects of these phthalocyanines induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT) were determined in a dose-dependent manner. Following cytotoxicity analysis, flow cytometric research of cell death was performed. The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by confocal microscopy. High levels of cytotoxicity and decreased viable cell population have been detected in cancer cells after treatment. In addition, ROS formation was observed in PDT treated cancer cells. However, low levels of cell death and ROS formation were observed in non-tumorigenic cells. According to western blot data, PDT-mediated treatment was found to provide different expression patterns of the cleaved PARP1 protein. The presented study demonstrates that PDT-mediated treatment of newly synthesized phthalocyanines has significant anti-cancer effects on breast cancer cells and may induce different cell death pathways.
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