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Dubach RA, Dubach JM. Autocorrelation analysis of a phenotypic screen reveals hidden drug activity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10046. [PMID: 38698021 PMCID: PMC11066105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60654-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenotype based screening is a powerful tool to evaluate cellular drug response. Through high content fluorescence imaging of simple fluorescent labels and complex image analysis phenotypic measurements can identify subtle compound-induced cellular changes unique to compound mechanisms of action (MoA). Recently, a screen of 1008 compounds in three cell lines was reported where analysis detected changes in cellular phenotypes and accurately identified compound MoA for roughly half the compounds. However, we were surprised that DNA alkylating agents and other compounds known to induce or impact the DNA damage response produced no measured activity in cells with fluorescently labeled 53BP1-a canonical DNA damage marker. We hypothesized that phenotype analysis is not sensitive enough to detect small changes in 53BP1 distribution and analyzed the screen images with autocorrelation image analysis. We found that autocorrelation analysis, which quantifies fluorescently-labeled protein clustering, identified higher compound activity for compounds and MoAs known to impact the DNA damage response, suggesting altered 53BP1 recruitment to damaged DNA sites. We then performed experiments under more ideal imaging settings and found autocorrelation analysis to be a robust measure of changes to 53BP1 clustering in the DNA damage response. These results demonstrate the capacity of autocorrelation to detect otherwise undetectable compound activity and suggest that autocorrelation analysis of specific proteins could serve as a powerful screening tool.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Matthew Dubach
- Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
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2
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Varlı M, Bhosle SR, Kim E, Yang Y, Taş İ, Zhou R, Pulat S, Gamage CDB, Park SY, Ha HH, Kim H. Usnic Acid Targets 14-3-3 Proteins and Suppresses Cancer Progression by Blocking Substrate Interaction. JACS AU 2024; 4:1521-1537. [PMID: 38665668 PMCID: PMC11040559 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The anticancer therapeutic effects of usnic acid (UA), a lichen secondary metabolite, have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. However, the mechanism underlying the anticancer effect of UA remains to be clarified. In this study, the target protein of UA was identified using a UA-linker-Affi-Gel molecule, which showed that UA binds to the 14-3-3 protein. UA binds to 14-3-3, causing the degradation of proteasomal and autophagosomal proteins. The interaction of UA with 14-3-3 isoforms modulated cell invasion, cell cycle progression, aerobic glycolysis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and the Akt/mTOR, JNK, STAT3, NF-κB, and AP-1 signaling pathways in colorectal cancer. A peptide inhibitor of 14-3-3 blocked or regressed the activity of UA and inhibited its effects. The results suggest that UA binds to 14-3-3 isoforms and suppresses cancer progression by affecting 14-3-3 targets and phosphorylated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mücahit Varlı
- College
of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Suresh R. Bhosle
- College
of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunae Kim
- College
of Pharmacy, Chosun University, 146 Chosundae-gil, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Yang
- College
of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - İsa Taş
- College
of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Rui Zhou
- College
of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Sultan Pulat
- College
of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Chathurika D. B. Gamage
- College
of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Park
- College
of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ho Ha
- College
of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Hangun Kim
- College
of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Sunchon, Jeonnam 57922, Republic of Korea
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Hashemi M, Esbati N, Rashidi M, Gholami S, Raesi R, Bidoki SS, Goharrizi MASB, Motlagh YSM, Khorrami R, Tavakolpournegari A, Nabavi N, Zou R, Mohammadnahal L, Entezari M, Taheriazam A, Hushmandi K. Biological landscape and nanostructural view in development and reversal of oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101846. [PMID: 38042134 PMCID: PMC10716031 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of cancer patients has been mainly followed using chemotherapy and it is a gold standard in improving prognosis and survival rate of patients. Oxaliplatin (OXA) is a third-platinum anti-cancer agent that reduces DNA synthesis in cancer cells to interfere with their growth and cell cycle progression. In spite of promising results of using OXA in cancer chemotherapy, the process of drug resistance has made some challenges. OXA is commonly applied in treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) as a malignancy of gastrointestinal tract and when CRC cells increase their proliferation and metastasis, they can obtain resistance to OXA chemotherapy. A number of molecular factors such as CHK2, SIRT1, c-Myc, LATS2 and FOXC1 have been considered as regulators of OXA response in CRC cells. The non-coding RNAs are able to function as master regulator of other molecular pathways in modulating OXA resistance. There is a close association between molecular mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy, glycolysis and EMT with OXA resistance, so that apoptosis inhibition, pro-survival autophagy induction and stimulation of EMT and glycolysis can induce OXA resistance in CRC cells. A number of anti-tumor compounds including astragaloside IV, resveratrol and nobiletin are able to enhance OXA sensitivity in CRC cells. Nanoparticles for increasing potential of OXA in CRC suppression and reversing OXA resistance have been employed in cancer chemotherapy. These subjects are covered in this review article to shed light on molecular factors resulting in OXA resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Esbati
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sadaf Gholami
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Shahabadin Bidoki
- Faculty of medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | | | - Ramin Khorrami
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Tavakolpournegari
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rongjun Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Leila Mohammadnahal
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang Y, Yan Y, Huo Y, Pang Y, Chan L, Wang S, Chen D, Lin D, Wang W. mRNA sequencing and CyTOF analysis revealed ASPP2 altered the response patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells to usnic acid. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1847-1856. [PMID: 36877271 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02428-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
In a previous study, our team found that ASPP2 overexpression increases the sensitivity of liver cancer cells to sorafenib. ASPP2 is an important target in the study of drug therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we demonstrated that ASPP2 altered the response of HepG2 cells to usnic acid (UA) by using mRNA sequencing and CyTOF. CCK8 assay was used to detect cytotoxicity of UA on HepG2 cells. Annexin V-RPE assay, TUNEL assay, and cleaved caspase 3 assay were performed to examine the apoptotic cell death induced by UA. Transcriptomic sequencing and a single-cell mass cytometry were used to analyze the dynamic response of HepG2shcon and HepG2shASPP2 cells to UA treatment. We have demonstrated that UA could inhibit proliferation in HepG2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Apoptotic cell death was significantly induced by UA in HepG2 cells, while knocking down ASPP2 could increase the resistance of HepG2 cells to UA. Data from mRNA-Seq indicated that knockout of ASPP2 in HepG2 cells affected cell proliferation, cycle, and metabolism. ASPP2 knockdown resulted in increased stemness and decreased apoptosis of HepG2 cells under the action of UA. CyTOF analysis confirmed the above results, ASPP2 knockdown increased oncoproteins in HepG2 cells and altered response patterns of HepG2 cells to UA. Our data suggested that the natural compound UA could inhibit liver cancer HepG2 cells; meanwhile, ASPP2 knockdown could affect response patterns of HepG2 cells to UA. The above results indicate that ASPP2 could be a research target in the chemoresistance of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing You An Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yadong Yan
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing You An Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfei Huo
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing You An Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuheng Pang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing You An Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liujia Chan
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing You An Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing You An Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dexi Chen
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing You An Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Lin
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing You An Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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A Comparative Survey of Anti-Melanoma and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Usnic Acid Enantiomers-A Comprehensive In Vitro Approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090945. [PMID: 34577645 PMCID: PMC8470841 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Usnic acid (UA) is a chiral lichen metabolite with an interesting pharmacological profile. The aim of this study was to compare the anti-melanoma effect of (+)-UA and (−)-UA in an in vitro model by studying their impact on the cells as well as the processes associated with cancer progression. The effect of UA enantiomers on the viability, proliferation, and invasive potential of three melanoma cell lines (HTB140, A375, WM793) was evaluated. Their interaction with a chemotherapeutic drug—doxorubicin was assessed by isobolographic analysis. Anti-inflammatory and anti-tyrosinase properties of (+)-UA and (−)-UA were also examined. Both UA enantiomers dose- and time-dependently decreased the viability of all three melanoma cell lines. Their synergistic effect with doxorubicin was observed on A375 cells. (+)-Usnic acid at a sub-cytotoxic dose strongly inhibited melanoma cells migration. Both UA enantiomers decreased the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. The cytotoxic effect of (+)-UA and (−)-UA depends greatly on the melanoma cell type; however, the overall anti-melanoma potential is perspective. Our results indicate that the strategy of combining usnic acid enantiomers with cytostatic drugs may be an interesting option to consider in combating melanoma; however, further studies are required.
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Dar TUH, Dar SA, Islam SU, Mangral ZA, Dar R, Singh BP, Verma P, Haque S. Lichens as a repository of bioactive compounds: an open window for green therapy against diverse cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 86:1120-1137. [PMID: 34052413 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lichens, algae and fungi-based symbiotic associations, are sources of many important secondary metabolites, such as antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, and anticancer agents. Wide range of experiments based on in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that lichens are a rich treasure of anti-cancer compounds. Lichen extracts and isolated lichen compounds can interact with all biological entities currently identified to be responsible for tumor development. The critical ways to control the cancer development include induction of cell cycle arrests, blocking communication of growth factors, activation of anti-tumor immunity, inhibition of tumor-friendly inflammation, inhibition of tumor metastasis, and suppressing chromosome dysfunction. Also, lichen-based compounds induce the killing of cells by the process of apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis, that inturn positively modulates metabolic networks of cells against uncontrolled cell division. Many lichen-based compounds have proven to possess potential anti-cancer activity against a wide range of cancer cells, either alone or in conjunction with other anti-cancer compounds. This review primarily emphasizes on an updated account of the repository of secondary metabolites reported in lichens. Besides, we discuss the anti-cancer potential and possible mechanism of the most frequently reported secondary metabolites derived from lichens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvir Ul Hassan Dar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, BGSB University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Sajad Ahmad Dar
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Ul Islam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, BGSB University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Zahid Ahmed Mangral
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, BGSB University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rubiya Dar
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Bhim Pratap Singh
- Department of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship & Management (NIFTEM), Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Pradeep Verma
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
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Tang D, Huang T, Tian Q, Wang J. MYC/NBS1-Mediated DNA Damage Response is Involved in the Inhibitory Effect of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A on Glioma Cells. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:1749-1763. [PMID: 33953544 PMCID: PMC8089107 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s288841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background The role of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A (HSYA) in glioma is less studied, this research determined the effect of HSYA on glioma cells. Methods The expressions of MYC and NBS1 in glioma tissues were detected by bioinformatics analysis and verified by RT-qPCR. The target relationship between MYC and NBS1 was predicted by bioinformatics. After treating the cells with HSYA, silenced MYC, or overexpressed NBS1, the viability, apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, migration, and DNA damage of the glioma cells were detected by MTT, flow cytometry, colony formation, transwell, wound healing, and γH2AX immunofluorescence assays, respectively. IC50 of HSYA in glioma cells was analyzed by Probit regression analysis. The expressions of MYC, NBS1, factors related to migration, invasion, apoptosis, and DNA damage of the glioma cells were determined by Western blot or RT-qPCR. Results MYC and NBS1 were high-expressed in glioma, and NBS1 was targeted by MYC. HSYA and siRNA targeting MYC inhibited the cell viability, proliferation, invasion, migration, and induced the cell apoptosis of glioma cells. HSYA upregulated the expressions of MYC, γH2AX, E-Cadherin, Bax, and Cleaved-PARP1, stimulated the activation of NBS1, MRE11, RAD50, and ATM, and downregulated the expressions of N-Cadherin and Bcl2 in glioma cells. SiMYC decreased the IC50 of HSYA in the glioma cells, enhanced the sensitivity of glioma cells to HSYA, and inhibited the activation of NBS1 and ATM. NBS1 overexpression reversed the effect of siRNA targeting MYC on glioma cells. Conclusion MYC silencing inhibited the DNA damage response via regulation of NBS1, leading to DNA repair deficiency, and subsequently enhanced the sensitivity of glioma cells to HSYA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an City, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilong Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an City, People's Republic of China
| | - Julei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an City, People's Republic of China
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