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Bai Q, Sun D, Zeng Y, Zhu J, Zhang C, Zhang X, Chen L, Zhou X, Ye L, Tang Y, Liu Y, Morozova-Roche LA. Effect of Proinflammatory S100A9 Protein on Migration and Proliferation of Microglial Cells. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:983-995. [PMID: 37947991 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02168-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease affecting aging population worldwide. Neuroinflammation became a focus of research as one of the major pathologic processes relating to the disease onset and progression. Proinflammatory S100A9 is the central culprit in the amyloid-neuroinflammatory cascade implicated in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. We studied the effect of S100A9 on microglial BV-2 cell proliferation and migration. The responses of BV-2 cells to S100A9 stimulation were monitored in real-time using live cell microscopy, transcriptome sequencing, immunofluorescence staining, western blot analysis, and ELISA. We observed that a low dose of S100A9 promotes migration and proliferation of BV-2 cells. However, acute inflammatory condition (i.e., high S100A9 doses) causes diminished cell viability; it is uncovered that S100A9 activates TLR-4 and TLR-7 signaling pathways, leading to TNF-α and IL-6 expression, which affect BV-2 cell migration and proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Interestingly, the effects of S100A9 are not only inhibited by TNF-α and IL-6 antibodies. The addition of amyloid-β (Aβ) 1-40 peptide resumes the capacities of BV-2 cells to the level of low S100A9 concentrations. Based on these results, we conclude that in contrast to the beneficial effects of low S100A9 dose, high S100A9 concentration leads to impaired mobility and proliferation of immune cells, reflecting neurotoxicity at acute inflammatory conditions. However, the formation of Aβ plaques may be a natural mechanism that rescues cells from the proinflammatory and cytotoxic effects of S100A9, especially considering that inflammation is one of the primary causes of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Bai
- Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ce Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Institute of Photonics and Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyin Zhang
- Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Liu Ye
- Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yonggang Liu
- Chongqing Medical University, 1 Medical College Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, China.
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Zhu M, Xiao B, Xue T, Qin S, Ding J, Wu Y, Tang Q, Huang M, Zhao N, Ye Y, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Li J, Guo F, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Zhang L. Cdc42GAP deficiency contributes to the Alzheimer's disease phenotype. Brain 2023; 146:4350-4365. [PMID: 37254741 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia, is a chronic degenerative disease with typical pathological features of extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and a significant decrease in the density of neuronal dendritic spines. Cdc42 is a member of the small G protein family that plays an important role in regulating synaptic plasticity and is regulated by Cdc42GAP, which switches Cdc42 from active GTP-bound to inactive GDP-bound states regulating downstream pathways via effector proteins. However, few studies have focused on Cdc42 in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. In a heterozygous Cdc42GAP mouse model that exhibited elevated Cdc42-GTPase activity accompanied by increased Cdc42-PAK1-cofilin signalling, we found impairments in cognitive behaviours, neuron senescence, synaptic loss with depolymerization of F-actin and the pathological phenotypes of Alzheimer's disease, including phosphorylated tau (p-T231, AT8), along with increased soluble and insoluble Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40, which are consistent with typical Alzheimer's disease mice. Interestingly, these impairments increased significantly with age. Furthermore, the results of quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of the hippocampus of 11-month-old GAP mice suggested that Cdc42GAP deficiency induces and accelerates Alzheimer's disease-like phenotypes through activation of GSK-3β by dephosphorylation at Ser9, Ser389 and/or phosphorylation at Tyr216. In addition, overexpression of dominant-negative Cdc42 in the primary hippocampal and cortical neurons of heterozygous Cdc42GAP mice reversed synaptic loss and tau hyperphosphorylation. Importantly, the Cdc42 signalling pathway, Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40 and GSK-3β activity were increased in the cortical sections of Alzheimer's disease patients compared with those in healthy controls. Together, these data indicated that Cdc42GAP is involved in regulating Alzheimer's disease-like phenotypes such as cognitive deficits, dendritic spine loss, phosphorylated tau (p-T231, AT8) and increased soluble and insoluble Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40, possibly through the activation of GSK-3β, and these impairments increased significantly with age. Thus, we provide the first evidence that Cdc42 is involved in the progression of Alzheimer's disease-like phenotypes, which may provide new targets for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bin Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tao Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Sifei Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiuyang Ding
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qingqiu Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mengfan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Na Zhao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yingshan Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Orthopedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fukun Guo
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Yong Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Orthopedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Manzoor H, Zahid H, Emerling CA, Kumar KR, Hussain HMJ, Seo GH, Wajid M, Naz S. A biallelic variant of DCAF13 implicated in a neuromuscular disorder in humans. Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:629-637. [PMID: 36797467 PMCID: PMC10250411 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular disorders encompass a broad range of phenotypes and genetic causes. We investigated a consanguineous family in which multiple patients had a neuromuscular disorder characterized by a waddling gait, limb deformities, muscular weakness and facial palsy. Exome sequencing was completed on the DNA of three of the four patients. We identified a novel missense variant in DCAF13, ENST00000612750.5, NM_015420.7, c.907 G > A;p.(Asp303Asn), ENST00000616836.4, NM_015420.6, c.1363 G > A:p.(Asp455Asn) (rs1209794872) segregating with this phenotype; being homozygous in all four affected patients and heterozygous in the unaffected individuals. The variant was extremely rare in the public databases (gnomAD allele frequency 0.000007081); was absent from the DNA of 300 ethnically matched controls and affected an amino acid which has been conserved across 1-2 billion years of evolution in eukaryotes. DCAF13 contains three WD40 domains and is hypothesized to have roles in both rRNA processing and in ubiquitination of proteins. Analysis of DCAF13 with the p.(Asp455Asn) variant predicted that the amino acid change is deleterious and affects a β-hairpin turn, within a WD40 domain of the protein which may decrease protein stability. Previously, a heterozygous variant of DCAF13 NM_015420.6, c.20 G > C:p.(Trp7Ser) with or without a heterozygous missense variant in CCN3, was suggested to cause inherited cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy. In addition, a heterozygous DCAF13 variant has been associated with autism spectrum disorder. Our study indicates a potential role of biallelic DCAF13 variants in neuromuscular disorders. Screening of additional patients with similar phenotype may broaden the allelic and phenotypic spectrum due to DCAF13 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humera Manzoor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafsa Zahid
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | | | - Kishore R Kumar
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord Clinical School Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Muhammad Wajid
- Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Naz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
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4
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Fernandes R, Campos J, Serra M, Fidalgo J, Almeida H, Casas A, Toubarro D, Barros AIRNA. Exploring the Benefits of Phycocyanin: From Spirulina Cultivation to Its Widespread Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040592. [PMID: 37111349 PMCID: PMC10144176 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-scale production of microalgae and their bioactive compounds has steadily increased in response to global demand for natural compounds. Spirulina, in particular, has been used due to its high nutritional value, especially its high protein content. Promising biological functions have been associated with Spirulina extracts, mainly related to its high value added blue pigment, phycocyanin. Phycocyanin is used in several industries such as food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, which increases its market value. Due to the worldwide interest and the need to replace synthetic compounds with natural ones, efforts have been made to optimize large-scale production processes and maintain phycocyanin stability, which is a highly unstable protein. The aim of this review is to update the scientific knowledge on phycocyanin applications and to describe the reported production, extraction, and purification methods, including the main physical and chemical parameters that may affect the purity, recovery, and stability of phycocyanin. By implementing different techniques such as complete cell disruption, extraction at temperatures below 45 °C and a pH of 5.5-6.0, purification through ammonium sulfate, and filtration and chromatography, both the purity and stability of phycocyanin have been significantly improved. Moreover, the use of saccharides, crosslinkers, or natural polymers as preservatives has contributed to the increased market value of phycocyanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fernandes
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Joana Campos
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Mónica Serra
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Javier Fidalgo
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Hugo Almeida
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- UCIBIO (Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences), REQUIMTE (Rede de Química e Tecnologia), MEDTECH (Medicines and Healthcare Products), Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Casas
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Duarte Toubarro
- CBA and Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus No 13, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Ana I R N A Barros
- Mesosystem, Rua da Igreja Velha 295, 4410-160 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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5
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Role of a small GTPase Cdc42 in aging and age-related diseases. Biogerontology 2023; 24:27-46. [PMID: 36598630 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-10008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A small GTPase, Cdc42 is evolutionarily one of the most ancient members of the Rho family, which is ubiquitously expressed and involved in a wide range of fundamental cellular functions. The crucial role of Cdc42 includes regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, cell polarity, morphology and migration, endocytosis and exocytosis, cell cycle, and proliferation in many different cell types. Many studies have provided compelling yet contradicting evidence that Cdc42 dysregulation plays an important role in cellular and tissue aging. Furthermore, Cdc42 is a critical factor in the development and progression of aging-related pathologies, such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders, diabetes type 2, and aging-related disorders of the joints and bones, and the inhibition of the Cdc42 demonstrates potentially significant therapeutic and anti-aging effects in animal models of aging and disease. However, regulation of Cdc42 expression and activity is very complex and depends on many factors, such as the origin and complexity of the tissues, hormonal status, etc. Therefore, this review is focused on current advances in understanding the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with Cdc42 activity and regulation of senescence in different cell types since they may provide a foundation for novel therapeutic strategies and targeted drugs to reverse the aging process and treat aging-associated disorders.
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Sanhueza M, Manso Y, Soto C, Salvadores N. Editorial: Novel mechanisms involved in aging and neurodegeneration: Seeking potential therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1104647. [PMID: 36570526 PMCID: PMC9788670 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1104647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Sanhueza
- Center for Resilience, Adaptation and Mitigation, Universidad Mayor, Temuco, Chile
| | - Yasmina Manso
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudio Soto
- Mitchell Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Natalia Salvadores
- Center for Resilience, Adaptation and Mitigation, Universidad Mayor, Temuco, Chile,*Correspondence: Natalia Salvadores
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Quach TT, Stratton HJ, Khanna R, Mackey-Alfonso S, Deems N, Honnorat J, Meyer K, Duchemin AM. Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Dysproteostasis, Altered Calcium Signalosome to Selective Neuronal Vulnerability to AAV-Mediated Gene Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214188. [PMID: 36430666 PMCID: PMC9694178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite intense research into the multifaceted etiology of neurodegenerative diseases (ND), they remain incurable. Here we provide a brief overview of several major ND and explore novel therapeutic approaches. Although the cause (s) of ND are not fully understood, the accumulation of misfolded/aggregated proteins in the brain is a common pathological feature. This aggregation may initiate disruption of Ca++ signaling, which is an early pathological event leading to altered dendritic structure, neuronal dysfunction, and cell death. Presently, ND gene therapies remain unidimensional, elusive, and limited to modifying one pathological feature while ignoring others. Considering the complexity of signaling cascades in ND, we discuss emerging therapeutic concepts and suggest that deciphering the molecular mechanisms involved in dendritic pathology may broaden the phenotypic spectrum of ND treatment. An innovative multiplexed gene transfer strategy that employs silencing and/or over-expressing multiple effectors could preserve vulnerable neurons before they are lost. Such therapeutic approaches may extend brain health span and ameliorate burdensome chronic disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam T. Quach
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- INSERM U1217/CNRS UMR5310, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69677 Lyon, France
| | | | - Rajesh Khanna
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Sabrina Mackey-Alfonso
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Nicolas Deems
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jérome Honnorat
- INSERM U1217/CNRS UMR5310, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69677 Lyon, France
- French Reference Center on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Autoimmune Encephalitis, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677 Lyon, France
- SynatAc Team, Institut NeuroMyoGène, 69677 Lyon, France
| | - Kathrin Meyer
- The Research Institute of Nationwide Children Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Department of Pediatric, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Duchemin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-614-293-5517; Fax: +1-614-293-7599
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Ying L, Zhao J, Ye Y, Liu Y, Xiao B, Xue T, Zhu H, Wu Y, He J, Qin S, Jiang Y, Guo F, Zhang L, Liu N, Zhang L. Regulation of Cdc42 signaling by the dopamine D2 receptor in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13588. [PMID: 35415964 PMCID: PMC9124300 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial spine loss in striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and abnormal behaviors are common features of Parkinson's disease (PD). The caudate putamen (CPu) mainly contains MSNs expressing dopamine D1 receptor (dMSNs) and dopamine D2 receptor (iMSNs) exerting critical effects on motor and cognition behavior. However, the molecular mechanisms contributing to spine loss and abnormal behaviors in dMSNs and iMSNs under parkinsonian state remain unknown. In the present study, we revealed that Cell division control protein 42 (Cdc42) signaling was significantly decreased in the caudate putamen (CPu) in parkinsonian mice. In addition, overexpression of constitutively active Cdc42 in the CPu reversed spine abnormalities and improved the behavior deficits in parkinsonian mice. Utilizing conditional dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) or D2 receptor (D2R) knockout mice, we found that such a decrease under parkinsonian state was further reduced by conditional knockout of the D2R but not D1R. Moreover, the thin spine loss in iMSNs and deficits in motor coordination and cognition induced by conditional knockout of D2R were reversed by overexpression of constitutively active Cdc42 in the CPu. Additionally, conditional knockout of Cdc42 from D2R‐positive neurons in the CPu was sufficient to induce spine and behavior deficits similar to those observed in parkinsonian mice. Overall, our results indicate that impaired Cdc42 signaling regulated by D2R plays an important role in spine loss and behavioral deficits in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ying
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical Sciences Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Jinlan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical Sciences Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Yingshan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical Sciences Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Yutong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical Sciences Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Bin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical Sciences Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Tao Xue
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical Sciences Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Hangfei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical Sciences Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Yue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical Sciences Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Jing He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical Sciences Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Sifei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical Sciences Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical Sciences Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Fukun Guo
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology Children's Hospital Research Foundation Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering of Guangdong Province School of Basic Medical Sciences Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Nuyun Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center Elderly Health Services Research Center Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education School of Basic Medical Sciences Pediatric Center of Zhujiang Hospital Center for Orthopaedic Surgery of the Third Affiliated Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
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Sproviero D, Gagliardi S, Zucca S, Arigoni M, Giannini M, Garofalo M, Fantini V, Pansarasa O, Avenali M, Ramusino MC, Diamanti L, Minafra B, Perini G, Zangaglia R, Costa A, Ceroni M, Calogero RA, Cereda C. Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Plasma of Patients With Neurodegenerative Disease Have Common Transcriptomic Profiling. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:785741. [PMID: 35250537 PMCID: PMC8889100 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.785741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives There is a lack of effective biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and frontotemporal dementia. Extracellular vesicle (EV) RNA cargo can have an interesting potential as a non-invasive biomarker for NDs. However, the knowledge about the abundance of EV-mRNAs and their contribution to neurodegeneration is not clear. Methods Large and small EVs (LEVs and SEVs) were isolated from plasma of patients and healthy volunteers (control, CTR) by differential centrifugation and filtration, and RNA was extracted. Whole transcriptome was carried out using next generation sequencing (NGS). Results Coding RNA (i.e., mRNA) but not long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in SEVs and LEVs of patients with ALS could be distinguished from healthy CTRs and from other NDs using the principal component analysis (PCA). Some mRNAs were found in commonly deregulated between SEVs of patients with ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and they were classified in mRNA processing and splicing pathways. In LEVs, instead, one mRNA and one antisense RNA (i.e., MAP3K7CL and AP003068.3) were found to be in common among ALS, FTD, and PD. No deregulated mRNAs were found in EVs of patients with AD. Conclusion Different RNA regulation occurs in LEVs and SEVs of NDs. mRNAs and lncRNAs are present in plasma-derived EVs of NDs, and there are common and specific transcripts that characterize LEVs and SEVs from the NDs considered in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Sproviero
- Genomic and Post-genomic Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stella Gagliardi
- Genomic and Post-genomic Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Stella Gagliardi
| | - Susanna Zucca
- Genomic and Post-genomic Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- EnGenome SRL, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Arigoni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Bioinformatics and Genomics Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Giannini
- Genomic and Post-genomic Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Garofalo
- Genomic and Post-genomic Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology (“L. Spallanzani”), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Fantini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Neurogenetic, Golgi-Cenci Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Orietta Pansarasa
- Genomic and Post-genomic Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Micol Avenali
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Cotta Ramusino
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Behavioral Neurology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Diamanti
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (SRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Brigida Minafra
- Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Perini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Behavioral Neurology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Zangaglia
- Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alfredo Costa
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Behavioral Neurology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mauro Ceroni
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Behavioral Neurology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Raffaele A. Calogero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Bioinformatics and Genomics Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Genomic and Post-genomic Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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10
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RNA Modifications and RNA Metabolism in Neurological Disease Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111870. [PMID: 34769301 PMCID: PMC8584444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The intrinsic cellular heterogeneity and molecular complexity of the mammalian nervous system relies substantially on the dynamic nature and spatiotemporal patterning of gene expression. These features of gene expression are achieved in part through mechanisms involving various epigenetic processes such as DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, and non-coding RNA activity, amongst others. In concert, another regulatory layer by which RNA bases and sugar residues are chemically modified enhances neuronal transcriptome complexity. Similar RNA modifications in other systems collectively constitute the cellular epitranscriptome that integrates and impacts various physiological processes. The epitranscriptome is dynamic and is reshaped constantly to regulate vital processes such as development, differentiation and stress responses. Perturbations of the epitranscriptome can lead to various pathogenic conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular abnormalities and neurological diseases. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have enabled us to identify and locate modified bases/sugars on different RNA species. These RNA modifications modulate the stability, transport and, most importantly, translation of RNA. In this review, we discuss the formation and functions of some frequently observed RNA modifications—including methylations of adenine and cytosine bases, and isomerization of uridine to pseudouridine—at various layers of RNA metabolism, together with their contributions to abnormal physiological conditions that can lead to various neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders.
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11
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Sproviero D, Gagliardi S, Zucca S, Arigoni M, Giannini M, Garofalo M, Olivero M, Dell’Orco M, Pansarasa O, Bernuzzi S, Avenali M, Cotta Ramusino M, Diamanti L, Minafra B, Perini G, Zangaglia R, Costa A, Ceroni M, Perrone-Bizzozero NI, Calogero RA, Cereda C. Different miRNA Profiles in Plasma Derived Small and Large Extracellular Vesicles from Patients with Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052737. [PMID: 33800495 PMCID: PMC7962970 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying biomarkers is essential for early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Large (LEVs) and small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) are extracellular vesicles (EVs) of different sizes and biological functions transported in blood and they may be valid biomarkers for NDs. The aim of our study was to investigate common and different miRNA signatures in plasma derived LEVs and SEVs of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Fronto-Temporal Dementia (FTD) patients. LEVs and SEVs were isolated from plasma of patients and healthy volunteers (CTR) by filtration and differential centrifugation and RNA was extracted. Small RNAs libraries were carried out by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). MiRNAs discriminate all NDs diseases from CTRs and they can provide a signature for each NDs. Common enriched pathways for SEVs were instead linked to ubiquitin mediated proteolysis and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways and for LEVs to neurotrophin signaling and Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis pathway. LEVs and SEVs are involved in different pathways and this might give a specificity to their role in the spreading of the disease. The study of common and different miRNAs transported by LEVs and SEVs can be of great interest for biomarker discovery and for pathogenesis studies in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Sproviero
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.S.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (M.G.); (O.P.)
| | - Stella Gagliardi
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.S.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (M.G.); (O.P.)
| | - Susanna Zucca
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.S.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (M.G.); (O.P.)
- EnGenome SRL, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Arigoni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Bioinformatics and Genomics Unit, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Marta Giannini
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.S.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (M.G.); (O.P.)
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Maria Garofalo
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.S.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (M.G.); (O.P.)
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology (“L. Spallanzani”), University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Olivero
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10060 Turin, Italy;
| | - Michela Dell’Orco
- Departments of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Orietta Pansarasa
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.S.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (M.G.); (O.P.)
| | - Stefano Bernuzzi
- Immunohematological and Transfusional Service and Centre of Transplantation Immunology, IRCCS “San Matteo Foundation”, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Micol Avenali
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Matteo Cotta Ramusino
- Unit of Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.R.); (G.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Luca Diamanti
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Brigida Minafra
- Parkinson Unit and Movement Disorders Mondino Foundation IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (B.M.); (R.Z.)
| | - Giulia Perini
- Unit of Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.R.); (G.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Roberta Zangaglia
- Parkinson Unit and Movement Disorders Mondino Foundation IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (B.M.); (R.Z.)
| | - Alfredo Costa
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Unit of Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.R.); (G.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Mauro Ceroni
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Unit of Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.C.R.); (G.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Nora I. Perrone-Bizzozero
- Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Raffaele A. Calogero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Bioinformatics and Genomics Unit, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Genomic and post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.S.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (M.G.); (O.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382380348
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12
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Beaver M, Bhatnagar A, Panikker P, Zhang H, Snook R, Parmar V, Vijayakumar G, Betini N, Akhter S, Elefant F. Disruption of Tip60 HAT mediated neural histone acetylation homeostasis is an early common event in neurodegenerative diseases. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18265. [PMID: 33106538 PMCID: PMC7588445 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation is a common mechanism shared by molecularly and clinically heterogenous neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Histone acetylation homeostasis, maintained by the antagonistic activity of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), is necessary for appropriate gene expression and neuronal function. Disruption of neural acetylation homeostasis has been implicated in multiple types of NDs including Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet mechanisms underlying alterations remain unclear. We show that like AD, disruption of Tip60 HAT/HDAC2 balance with concomitant epigenetic repression of common Tip60 target neuroplasticity genes occurs early in multiple types of Drosophila ND models such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), Huntington's Disease (HD) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Repressed neuroplasticity genes show reduced enrichment of Tip60 and epigentic acetylation signatures at all gene loci examined with certain genes showing inappropriate HDAC2 repressor enrichment. Functional neuronal consequences for these disease conditions are reminiscent of human pathology and include locomotion, synapse morphology, and short-term memory deficits. Increasing Tip60 HAT levels specifically in the mushroom body learning and memory center in the Drosophila brain protects against locomotion and short-term memory function deficits in multiple NDs. Together, our results support a model by which Tip60 protects against neurological impairments in different NDs via similar modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah Beaver
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, 3245 Chestnut Street, PISB 312, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Akanksha Bhatnagar
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, 3245 Chestnut Street, PISB 312, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Priyalakshmi Panikker
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, 3245 Chestnut Street, PISB 312, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Haolin Zhang
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, 3245 Chestnut Street, PISB 312, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Renee Snook
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, 3245 Chestnut Street, PISB 312, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Visha Parmar
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, 3245 Chestnut Street, PISB 312, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Gayathri Vijayakumar
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, 3245 Chestnut Street, PISB 312, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Niteesha Betini
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, 3245 Chestnut Street, PISB 312, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sunya Akhter
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, 3245 Chestnut Street, PISB 312, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Felice Elefant
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, 3245 Chestnut Street, PISB 312, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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13
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Regulation of Social Stress and Neural Degeneration by Activity-Regulated Genes and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Dopaminergic Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4500-4510. [PMID: 32748368 PMCID: PMC7515954 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of both dopaminergic neurons and their accompanying glial cells is of great interest in the search for therapies for neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this review, we collate transcriptional and epigenetic changes identified in adult Drosophila melanogaster dopaminergic neurons in response to either prolonged social deprivation or social enrichment, and compare them with changes identified in mammalian dopaminergic neurons during normal development, stress, injury, and neurodegeneration. Surprisingly, a small set of activity-regulated genes (ARG) encoding transcription factors, and a specific pattern of epigenetic marks on gene promoters, are conserved in dopaminergic neurons over the long evolutionary period between mammals and insects. In addition to their classical function as immediate early genes to mark acute neuronal activity, these ARG transcription factors are repurposed in both insects and mammals to respond to chronic perturbations such as social enrichment, social stress, nerve injury, and neurodegeneration. We suggest that these ARG transcription factors and epigenetic marks may represent important targets for future therapeutic intervention strategies in various neurodegenerative disorders including PD.
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14
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Genetic architecture of neurodegenerative dementias. Neuropharmacology 2020; 168:108014. [PMID: 32097768 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Molecular genetics has been an invaluable tool to help understand the molecular basis of neurodegenerative dementias. In this review, we provide an overview of the genetic architecture underlying some of the most prevalent causes of dementia, including Alzheimer's dementia, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Lewy body dementia, and prion diseases. We also discuss the complexity of the human genome and how the novel technologies have revolutionized and accelerated the way we screen the variety of our DNA. Finally, we also provide some examples about how this genetic knowledge is being transferred into the clinic through personalized medicine. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'The Quest for Disease-Modifying Therapies for Neurodegenerative Disorders'.
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15
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Taguchi YH, Turki T. Neurological Disorder Drug Discovery from Gene Expression with Tensor Decomposition. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:4589-4599. [PMID: 31820695 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191210160906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Identifying effective candidate drug compounds in patients with neurological disorders
based on gene expression data is of great importance to the neurology field. By identifying effective candidate
drugs to a given neurological disorder, neurologists would (1) reduce the time searching for effective treatments;
and (2) gain additional useful information that leads to a better treatment outcome. Although there are many
strategies to screen drug candidate in pre-clinical stage, it is not easy to check if candidate drug compounds can
also be effective to human.
Objective:
We tried to propose a strategy to screen genes whose expression is altered in model animal
experiments to be compared with gene expressed differentially with drug treatment to human cell lines.
Methods:
Recently proposed tensor decomposition (TD) based unsupervised feature extraction (FE) is applied to
single cell (sc) RNA-seq experiments of Alzheimer’s disease model animal mouse brain.
Results:
Four hundreds and one genes are screened as those differentially expressed during A946 accumulation as
age progresses. These genes are significantly overlapped with those expressed differentially with the known drug
treatments for three independent data sets: LINCS, DrugMatrix, and GEO.
Conclusion:
Our strategy, application of TD based unsupervised FE, is useful one to screen drug candidate
compounds using scRNA-seq data set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-h. Taguchi
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Turki Turki
- Department of Computer Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Ahmed S, Busetti A, Fotiadou P, Vincy Jose N, Reid S, Georgieva M, Brown S, Dunbar H, Beurket-Ascencio G, Delday MI, Ettorre A, Mulder IE. In vitro Characterization of Gut Microbiota-Derived Bacterial Strains With Neuroprotective Properties. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:402. [PMID: 31619962 PMCID: PMC6763572 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are disabling, incurable, and progressive conditions characterized by neuronal loss and decreased cognitive function. Changes in gut microbiome composition have been linked to a number of neurodegenerative diseases, indicating a role for the gut-brain axis. Here, we show how specific gut-derived bacterial strains can modulate neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes in vitro through the production of specific metabolites and discuss the potential therapeutic implications for neurodegenerative disorders. A panel of fifty gut bacterial strains was screened for their ability to reduce pro-inflammatory IL-6 secretion in U373 glioblastoma astrocytoma cells. Parabacteroides distasonis MRx0005 and Megasphaera massiliensis MRx0029 had the strongest capacity to reduce IL-6 secretion in vitro. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, and both bacterial strains displayed intrinsic antioxidant capacity. While MRx0005 showed a general antioxidant activity on different brain cell lines, MRx0029 only protected differentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells from chemically induced oxidative stress. MRx0029 also induced a mature phenotype in undifferentiated neuroblastoma cells through upregulation of microtubule-associated protein 2. Interestingly, short-chain fatty acid analysis revealed that MRx0005 mainly produced C1-C3 fatty acids, while MRx0029 produced C4-C6 fatty acids, specifically butyric, valeric and hexanoic acid. None of the short-chain fatty acids tested protected neuroblastoma cells from chemically induced oxidative stress. However, butyrate was able to reduce neuroinflammation in vitro, and the combination of butyrate and valerate induced neuronal maturation, albeit not to the same degree as the complex cell-free supernatant of MRx0029. This observation was confirmed by solvent extraction of cell-free supernatants, where only MRx0029 methanolic fractions containing butyrate and valerate showed an anti-inflammatory activity in U373 cells and retained the ability to differentiate neuroblastoma cells. In summary, our results suggest that the pleiotropic nature of live biotherapeutics, as opposed to isolated metabolites, could be a promising novel drug class in drug discovery for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suaad Ahmed
- 4D Pharma Research Ltd., Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Reid
- 4D Pharma Research Ltd., Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Margaret I Delday
- 4D Pharma Research Ltd., Aberdeen, United Kingdom.,School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Ettorre
- 4D Pharma Research Ltd., Aberdeen, United Kingdom
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17
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Piccardo P, Asher DM. Complex proteinopathies and neurodegeneration: insights from the study of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2018; 76:705-712. [PMID: 30427511 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20180111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding diseases are usually associated with deposits of single "key" proteins that somehow drive the pathology; β-amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau accumulate in Alzheimer's disease, α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease, or abnormal prion protein (PrPTSE) in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs or prion diseases). However, in some diseases more than two proteins accumulate in the same brain. These diseases might be considered "complex" proteinopathies. We have studied models of TSEs (to explore deposits of PrPTSE and of "secondary proteins") infecting different strains and doses of TSE agent, factors that control incubation period, duration of illness and histopathology. Model TSEs allowed us to investigate whether different features of histopathology are independent of PrPTSE or appear as a secondary result of PrPTSE. Better understanding the complex proteinopathies may help to explain the wide spectrum of degenerative diseases and why some overlap clinically and histopathologically. These studies might also improve diagnosis and eventually even suggest new treatments for human neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Piccardo
- Laboratory of Bacterial and Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Agents, Division of Emerging and Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration
| | - David M Asher
- Laboratory of Bacterial and Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Agents, Division of Emerging and Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration
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