Supramolecular Chiro-Biomedical Aspect of β-Blockers in Drug Development

Advances in Chiral Separations at Nano Level

Background::

Nano level chiral separation is necessary and demanding in the development of the drug, genomic, proteomic, and other chemical and the environmental sciences. Few drugs exist in human body cells for some days at nano level concentrations, that are out of the jurisdiction of the detection by standard separation techniques. Likewise, the separation and identification of xenobiotics and other environmental contaminants (at nano or low levels) are necessary for our healthiness.

Discussion:

Conclusion:

This article will be beneficial for chiral chromatographers, academicians, pharmaceutical industries, environmental researchers and Government regulation authorities.

Preparation of a carboxymethylcellulose-iron composite for uptake of atorvastatin in water

Many water bodies are being contaminated by atorvastatin, which has certain side effects and problems on healthy individuals through contaminated water. For this purpose, effective and selective carboxymethylcellulose macromolecule iron composite nanoparticles were synthesized by green methods, characterized and used for uptake of atorvastatin drug residue from water. Atorvastatin in water was analyzed by HPLC using Aqua C₂₈ (250 mm × 46 mm id) column and buffer-ACN (35:65, v/v) as eluent. The maximum elimination of atorvastatin was 80% with 40 μg L^-1 concentration; 40 min agitated time, 5.0 pH, 1.0 g L^-1 dose and 298 K temp. The removal data obeyed Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Temkin models. The values of free energy were -8.79, -8.73 and -8.65 kJ mol^-1 at 20.0, 25.0 and 30.0 °C temperatures. Enthalpy value was -14.16 kJ mol^-1; showing exothermic removal. Entropy was -18.74 × 10^-3 kJ mol^-1 K; presenting decrease in entropy in the process. The kinetics modeling showed pseudo-first-order and liquid film diffusion mechanisms of removal. The removal technology was quick, conservation pleasant and lucrative. It is because of it capability with little dose and interaction time. Hence, the reported technology is practical for the exclusion of atorvastatin in water resource.

Critical Assessment of the Interaction between DNA and Choline Amino Acid Ionic Liquids: Evidences of Multimodal Binding and Stability Enhancement

Long-term storage and stability of DNA is of paramount importance in biomedical applications. Ever since the emergence of ionic liquids (ILs) as alternate green solvents to aqueous and organic solvents, their exploration for the extraction and application of DNA need conscientious understanding of the binding characteristics and molecular interactions between IL and DNA. Choline amino acid ILs (CAAILs) in this regard seem to be promising due to their non-cytotoxic, completely biobased and environment-friendly nature. To unravel the key factors for the strength and binding mechanism of CAAILs with DNA, various spectroscopic techniques, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations were employed in this work. UV-Vis spectra indicate multimodal binding of CAAILs with DNA, whereas dye displacement studies through fluorescence emission confirm the intrusion of IL molecules into the minor groove of DNA. Circular dichorism spectra show that DNA retains its native B-conformation in CAAILs. Both isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular docking studies provide an estimate of the binding affinity of DNA with CAAILs ≈ 4 kcal/mol. The heterogeneity in binding modes of CAAIL-DNA system with evolution of time was established by molecular dynamics simulations. Choline cation while approaching DNA first binds at surface through electrostatic interactions, whereas a stronger binding at minor groove occurs via van der Waals and hydrophobic interactions irrespective of anions considered in this study. We hope this result can encourage and guide the researchers in designing new bio-ILs for biomolecular studies in future.

Designing of phenol-based β-carbonic anhydrase1 inhibitors through QSAR, molecular docking, and MD simulation approach

Tuberculosis (Tb) is an airborne infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Beta-carbonic anhydrase 1 (β-CA1) has emerged as one of the potential targets for new antitubercular drug development. In this work, three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships (3D-QSAR), molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation approaches were performed on a series of natural and synthetic phenol-based β-CA1 inhibitors. The developed 3D-QSAR model (r² = 0.94, q² = 0.86, and pred_r² = 0.74) indicated that the steric and electrostatic factors are important parameters to modulate the bioactivity of phenolic compounds. Based on this indication, we designed 72 new phenolic inhibitors, out of which two compounds (D25 and D50) effectively stabilized β-CA1 receptor and, thus, are potential candidates for new generation antitubercular drug discovery program.

Enantiomeric resolution and simulation studies of four enantiomers of 5-bromo-3-ethyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-piperidine-2,6-dione on a Chiralpak IA column

Enantiomeric resolution and simulation studies of four enantiomers of 5-bromo-3-ethyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-piperidine-2,6-dione on a Chiralpak IA column were presented.