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Hernandez-Benitez R, Wang C, Shi L, Ouchi Y, Zhong C, Hishida T, Liao HK, Magill EA, Memczak S, Soligalla RD, Fresia C, Hatanaka F, Lamas V, Guillen I, Sahu S, Yamamoto M, Shao Y, Aguirre-Vazquez A, Nuñez Delicado E, Guillen P, Rodriguez Esteban C, Qu J, Reddy P, Horvath S, Liu GH, Magistretti P, Izpisua Belmonte JC. Intervention with metabolites emulating endogenous cell transitions accelerates muscle regeneration in young and aged mice. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101449. [PMID: 38508141 PMCID: PMC10983034 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration following an injury requires dynamic cell-state transitions that allow for establishing the cell identities required for the restoration of tissue homeostasis and function. Here, we present a biochemical intervention that induces an intermediate cell state mirroring a transition identified during normal differentiation of myoblasts and other multipotent and pluripotent cells to mature cells. When applied in somatic differentiated cells, the intervention, composed of one-carbon metabolites, reduces some dedifferentiation markers without losing the lineage identity, thus inducing limited reprogramming into a more flexible cell state. Moreover, the intervention enabled accelerated repair after muscle injury in young and aged mice. Overall, our study uncovers a conserved biochemical transitional phase that enhances cellular plasticity in vivo and hints at potential and scalable biochemical interventions of use in regenerative medicine and rejuvenation interventions that may be more tractable than genetic ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyna Hernandez-Benitez
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Altos Labs, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Altos Labs, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yasuo Ouchi
- Altos Labs, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Tomoaki Hishida
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, 25-1 Shichibancho, Wakayama 640-8156, Japan
| | - Hsin-Kai Liao
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eric A Magill
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Rupa D Soligalla
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chiara Fresia
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Estrella Nuñez Delicado
- Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos, Nº 135 12, 30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | | | | | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | | | | | - Guang-Hui Liu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Pierre Magistretti
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Altos Labs, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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Ji S, Xiong M, Chen H, Liu Y, Zhou L, Hong Y, Wang M, Wang C, Fu X, Sun X. Cellular rejuvenation: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions for diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:116. [PMID: 36918530 PMCID: PMC10015098 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The ageing process is a systemic decline from cellular dysfunction to organ degeneration, with more predisposition to deteriorated disorders. Rejuvenation refers to giving aged cells or organisms more youthful characteristics through various techniques, such as cellular reprogramming and epigenetic regulation. The great leaps in cellular rejuvenation prove that ageing is not a one-way street, and many rejuvenative interventions have emerged to delay and even reverse the ageing process. Defining the mechanism by which roadblocks and signaling inputs influence complex ageing programs is essential for understanding and developing rejuvenative strategies. Here, we discuss the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that counteract cell rejuvenation, and the targeted cells and core mechanisms involved in this process. Then, we critically summarize the latest advances in state-of-art strategies of cellular rejuvenation. Various rejuvenation methods also provide insights for treating specific ageing-related diseases, including cellular reprogramming, the removal of senescence cells (SCs) and suppression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), metabolic manipulation, stem cells-associated therapy, dietary restriction, immune rejuvenation and heterochronic transplantation, etc. The potential applications of rejuvenation therapy also extend to cancer treatment. Finally, we analyze in detail the therapeutic opportunities and challenges of rejuvenation technology. Deciphering rejuvenation interventions will provide further insights into anti-ageing and ageing-related disease treatment in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifei Ji
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Mingchen Xiong
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Huating Chen
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yiqiong Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Laixian Zhou
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yiyue Hong
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Mengyang Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China.
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Salnikov L. Aging is a Side Effect of the Ontogenesis Program of Multicellular Organisms. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:1498-1503. [PMID: 36717443 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922120070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The review presents a brief outline of the current state of the main theoretical approaches to the aging problem. The works of authors, supporting the theory of "accumulation of errors" and theories stating the presence of a hypothetical "aging program" in all multicellular organisms are reviewed. The role of apoptosis and its connection with phenoptosis, as well as the theory of "hyperfunction" are analyzed. Our own approach to this problem is presented, in which aging is explained by the redistribution of limited resources between the two main aims of the organism: its self-sufficiency, based on the function of the housekeeping genes (HG) group, and functional specialization, provided by the integrative genes (IntG) group. Agreeing with the inseparable connection between aging and the ontogenesis program, the main role in the aging mechanisms is assigned to the redistribution of resources from the HG self-sufficiency genes to the IntGs necessary for the operation of all specialized functions of the organism as a whole. The growing imbalance between HGs and IntGs with age, suggests that switching of cellular resources in favor of IntGs is a side effect of ontogenesis program implementation and the main reason for aging, inherent in the nature of genome functioning under conditions of highly integrated multicellularity. The hypothesis of functional subdivision of the genome also points to the leading role of slow-dividing and postmitotic cells, as the most sensitive to reduction of repair levels, for triggering and realization of the aging process.
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Kassab A, Rizk N, Prakash S. The Role of Systemic Filtrating Organs in Aging and Their Potential in Rejuvenation Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084338. [PMID: 35457154 PMCID: PMC9025381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in aging studies brought about by heterochronic parabiosis suggest that aging might be a reversable process that is affected by changes in the systemic milieu of organs and cells. Given the broadness of such a systemic approach, research to date has mainly questioned the involvement of “shared organs” versus “circulating factors”. However, in the absence of a clear understanding of the chronological development of aging and a unified platform to evaluate the successes claimed by specific rejuvenation methods, current literature on this topic remains scattered. Herein, aging is assessed from an engineering standpoint to isolate possible aging potentiators via a juxtaposition between biological and mechanical systems. Such a simplification provides a general framework for future research in the field and examines the involvement of various factors in aging. Based on this simplified overview, the kidney as a filtration organ is clearly implicated, for the first time, with the aging phenomenon, necessitating a re-evaluation of current rejuvenation studies to untangle the extent of its involvement and its possible role as a potentiator in aging. Based on these findings, the review concludes with potential translatable and long-term therapeutics for aging while offering a critical view of rejuvenation methods proposed to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Kassab
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2BA, Canada
| | - Nasser Rizk
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences-QU-Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Satya Prakash
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2BA, Canada
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Chiavellini P, Canatelli-Mallat M, Lehmann M, Goya RG, Morel GR. Therapeutic potential of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and cell reprogramming for hippocampal-related neurological disorders. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:469-476. [PMID: 34380873 PMCID: PMC8504380 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.320966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampus serves as a pivotal role in cognitive and emotional processes, as well as in the regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis. It is known to undergo mild neurodegenerative changes during normal aging and severe atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, dysregulation in the hippocampal function leads to epilepsy and mood disorders. In the first section, we summarized the most salient knowledge on the role of glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptors focused on aging, cognition and neurodegenerative and hippocampal-related neurological diseases mentioned above. In the second section, we reviewed the therapeutic approaches, particularly gene therapy, using glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor or its gene, as a key molecule in the development of neurological disorders. In the third section, we pointed at the potential of regenerative medicine, as an emerging and less explored strategy for the treatment of hippocampal disorders. We briefly reviewed the use of partial reprogramming to restore brain functions, non-neuronal cell reprogramming to generate neural stem cells, and neural progenitor cells as source-specific neuronal types to be implanted in animal models of specific neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Chiavellini
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata (INIBIOLP)-Histology and Embryology B, School of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martina Canatelli-Mallat
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata (INIBIOLP)-Histology and Embryology B, School of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marianne Lehmann
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata (INIBIOLP)-Histology and Embryology B, School of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo G Goya
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata (INIBIOLP)-Histology and Embryology B, School of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo R Morel
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata (INIBIOLP)-Histology and Embryology B, School of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Restoration of aged hematopoietic cells by their young counterparts through instructive microvesicles release. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:23981-24016. [PMID: 34762598 PMCID: PMC8610119 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study addresses the potential to reverse age-associated morbidity by establishing methods to restore the aged hematopoietic system. Parabiotic animal models indicated that young secretome could restore aged tissues, leading us to establish a heterochronic transwell system with aged mobilized peripheral blood (MPB), co-cultured with young MPB or umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells. Functional studies and omics approaches indicate that the miRNA cargo of microvesicles (MVs) restores the aged hematopoietic system. The in vitro findings were validated in immune deficient (NSG) mice carrying an aged hematopoietic system, improving aged hallmarks such as increased lymphoid:myeloid ratio, decreased inflammation and cellular senescence. Elevated MYC and E2F pathways, and decreased p53 were key to hematopoietic restoration. These processes require four restorative miRs that target the genes for transcription/differentiation, namely PAX and phosphatase PPMIF. These miRs when introduced in aged cells were sufficient to restore the aged hematopoietic system in NSG mice. The aged MPBs were the drivers of their own restoration, as evidenced by the changes from distinct baseline miR profiles in MPBs and UCB to comparable expressions after exposure to aged MPBs. Restorative natural killer cells eliminated dormant breast cancer cells in vivo, indicating the broad relevance of this cellular paradigm - preventing and reversing age-associated disorders such as clearance of early malignancies and enhanced responses to vaccine and infection.
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Chiavellini P, Canatelli-Mallat M, Lehmann M, Gallardo MD, Herenu CB, Cordeiro JL, Clement J, Goya RG. Aging and rejuvenation - a modular epigenome model. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:4734-4746. [PMID: 33627519 PMCID: PMC7950254 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The view of aging has evolved in parallel with the advances in biomedical sciences. Long considered as an irreversible process where interventions were only aimed at slowing down its progression, breakthrough discoveries like animal cloning and cell reprogramming have deeply changed our understanding of postnatal development, giving rise to the emerging view that the epigenome is the driver of aging. The idea was significantly strengthened by the converging discovery that DNA methylation (DNAm) at specific CpG sites could be used as a highly accurate biomarker of age defined by an algorithm known as the Horvath clock. It was at this point where epigenetic rejuvenation came into play as a strategy to reveal to what extent biological age can be set back by making the clock tick backwards. Initial evidence suggests that when the clock is forced to tick backwards in vivo, it is only able to drag the phenotype to a partially rejuvenated condition. In order to explain the results, a bimodular epigenome is proposed, where module A represents the DNAm clock component and module B the remainder of the epigenome. Epigenetic rejuvenation seems to hold the key to arresting or even reversing organismal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Chiavellini
- Institute for Biochemical Research (INIBIOLP) - Histology B and Pathology B, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Martina Canatelli-Mallat
- Institute for Biochemical Research (INIBIOLP) - Histology B and Pathology B, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marianne Lehmann
- Institute for Biochemical Research (INIBIOLP) - Histology B and Pathology B, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Maria D. Gallardo
- Institute for Biochemical Research (INIBIOLP) - Histology B and Pathology B, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Claudia B. Herenu
- Institute for Experimental Pharmacology (IFEC), School of Chemical Sciences, National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | | | | | - Rodolfo G. Goya
- Institute for Biochemical Research (INIBIOLP) - Histology B and Pathology B, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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