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Wang Y, Zhang B, Gao G, Zhang Y, Xia Q. Long Non-Coding RNA LINC00355 Promotes the Development and Progression of Colorectal Cancer by Elevating Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor T Expression via RNA Binding Protein lin-28 Homolog A. Front Oncol 2020; 10:582669. [PMID: 33381451 PMCID: PMC7769380 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.582669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study showed that guanine nucleotide exchange factor T (GEFT) was highly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and CRC patients with high GEFT expression had a poor prognosis, and suggested the close link of GEFT expression and CRC tumorigenesis/metastasis. In this text, the roles and upstream regulatory mechanisms of GEFT in the development and progression of CRC were further investigated. Methods Expression levels of GEFT mRNA and LINC00355 was measured by RT-qPCR assay. Protein levels of lin-28 homologue A (LIN28A) and GEFT were determined by western blot assay. Cell proliferative, migratory, and invasive capacities were assessed by CCK-8, Transwell migration and invasion assays, respectively. The effect of GEFT knockdown on CRC tumorigenesis was examined by mouse xenograft experiments in vivo. GEFT mRNA stability was examined by actinomycin D assay. The relationships of LINC000355, LIN28A, and GEFT were explored by RNA pull down and RIP assays. Results GEFT was highly expressed in CRC tissues and cell lines. GEFT knockdown inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and hindered CRC xenograft tumor growth. GEFT overexpression alleviated the detrimental effects of LINC00355 loss on CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. LINC00355 promoted GEFT expression and enhanced GEFT mRNA stability via LIN28A. LIN28A knockdown weakened the promotive effect of LINC00355 on CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conclusion LINC00355 facilitated CRC tumorigenesis and progression by increasing GEFT expression via LIN28A, deepening our understanding on roles and upstream regulatory mechanisms of GEFT in CRC development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yinping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingxin Xia
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Liu C, Zhang L, Cui W, Du J, Li Z, Pang Y, Liu Q, Shang H, Meng L, Li W, Song L, Wang P, Xie Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Hu J, Zhang W, Li F. Epigenetically upregulated GEFT-derived invasion and metastasis of rhabdomyosarcoma via epithelial mesenchymal transition promoted by the Rac1/Cdc42-PAK signalling pathway. EBioMedicine 2019; 50:122-134. [PMID: 31761617 PMCID: PMC6921210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metastasis of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the primary cause of tumour-related deaths. Previous studies have shown that overexpression of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor T (GEFT) is correlated with a poorer RMS prognosis, but the mechanism remains largely unexplored. Methods We focused on determining the influence of the GEFT-Rho-GTPase signalling pathway and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) or mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET) on RMS progression and metastasis by using RMS cell lines, BALB/c nude mice and cells and molecular biology techniques. Findings GEFT promotes RMS cell viability, migration, and invasion; GEFT also inhibits the apoptosis of RMS cells and accelerates the growth and lung metastasis of RMS by activating the Rac1/Cdc42 pathways. Interestingly, GEFT upregulates the expression levels of N-cadherin, Snail, Slug, Twist, Zeb1, and Zeb2 and reduces expression level of E-cadherin. Thus, GEFT influences the expression of markers for EMT and MET in RMS cells via the Rac1/Cdc42-PAK1 pathways. We also found that the level of GEFT gene promoter methylation in RMS is lower than that in normal striated muscle tissue. Significant differences were observed in the level of GEFT gene methylation in different histological subtypes of RMS. Interpretation These findings suggest that GEFT accelerates the tumourigenicity and metastasis of RMS by activating Rac1/Cdc42-PAK signalling pathway-induced EMT; thus, it may serve as a novel therapeutic target. Fund This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81660441, 81460404, and 81160322) and Shihezi University Initiative Research Projects for Senior Fellows (RCZX201447). Funders had no role in the design of the study, data collection, data analysis, interpretation, or the writing of this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Wenwen Cui
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Yuwen Pang
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Hao Shang
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Lian Meng
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Wanyu Li
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Lingxie Song
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Yuwen Xie
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Jianming Hu
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine and The Key Laboratories for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, PR China; Department of Pathology and Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, PR China.
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Tang X, Jin R, Qu G, Wang X, Li Z, Yuan Z, Zhao C, Siwko S, Shi T, Wang P, Xiao J, Liu M, Luo J. GPR116, an adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor, promotes breast cancer metastasis via the Gαq-p63RhoGEF-Rho GTPase pathway. Cancer Res 2013; 73:6206-18. [PMID: 24008316 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), which contain adhesion domains in their extracellular region, have been found to play important roles in cell adhesion, motility, embryonic development, and immune response. Because most adhesion molecules with adhesion domains have vital roles in cancer metastasis, we speculated that adhesion GPCRs are potentially involved in cancer metastasis. In this study, we identified GPR116 as a novel regulator of breast cancer metastasis through expression and functional screening of the adhesion GPCR family. We found that knockdown of GPR116 in highly metastatic (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cells suppressed cell migration and invasion. Conversely, ectopic GPR116 expression in poorly metastatic (MCF-7 and Hs578T) cells promoted cell invasion. We further showed that knockdown of GPR116 inhibited breast cancer cell metastasis in two mammary tumor metastasis mouse models. Moreover, GPR116 modulated the formation of lamellipodia and actin stress fibers in cells in a RhoA- and Rac1-dependent manner. At a molecular level, GPR116 regulated cell motility and morphology through the Gαq-p63RhoGEF-RhoA/Rac1 pathway. The biologic significance of GPR116 in breast cancer is substantiated in human patient samples, where GPR116 expression is significantly correlated with breast tumor progression, recurrence, and poor prognosis. These findings show that GPR116 is crucial for the metastasis of breast cancer and support GPR116 as a potential prognostic marker and drug target against metastatic human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Tang
- Authors' Affiliations: East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; and Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Alkek Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
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Gonzalez-Billault C, Muñoz-Llancao P, Henriquez DR, Wojnacki J, Conde C, Caceres A. The role of small GTPases in neuronal morphogenesis and polarity. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2012; 69:464-85. [PMID: 22605667 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The highly dynamic remodeling and cross talk of the microtubule and actin cytoskeleton support neuronal morphogenesis. Small RhoGTPases family members have emerged as crucial regulators of cytoskeletal dynamics. In this review we will comprehensively analyze findings that support the participation of RhoA, Rac, Cdc42, and TC10 in different neuronal morphogenetic events ranging from migration to synaptic plasticity. We will specifically address the contribution of these GTPases to support neuronal polarity and axonal elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Gonzalez-Billault
- Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Cell and Neuronal Dynamics, Department of Biology and Institute for Cell Dynamics and Biotechnology, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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