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Sawyer K, Leahy S, Wood KD. Progress with RNA Interference for the Treatment of Primary Hyperoxaluria. BioDrugs 2022; 36:437-441. [PMID: 35731461 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-022-00539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few years, US Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs using RNA interference have come to the market. Many have treated liver-specific diseases utilizing N-acetyl galactosamine conjugation because of its effective delivery and limited off-target effects. The autosomal recessive disorder primary hyperoxaluria, specifically type 1, has benefited from these developments. Primary hyperoxaluria arises from mutations in the enzymes involved in endogenous oxalate synthesis. The severity of disease varies but can result in kidney failure and systemic oxalosis. Until recently, the treatment options were limited and focused primarily on supportive treatments, pyridoxine use in a subset of patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 1, and liver-kidney transplants in those who progressed to kidney failure. Two genes have been targeted with RNA interference; lumasiran targets glycolate oxidase and nedosiran targets lactate dehydrogenase A. Lumasiran was recently approved in the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 and nedosiran is in the approval process. Unfortunately, despite initial hopes that nedosiran may also be a treatment option for primary hyperoxaluria types 2 and 3, initial data suggest otherwise. The use of RNA interference liver-specific targeting for the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 will likely transform the natural history of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Sawyer
- Marnix E. Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Stephen Leahy
- Marnix E. Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kyle D Wood
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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2
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Yu HM, Chan CH, Yang CH, Hsia HT, Wang MH. Hexavalent lactoside labeled with [ 18F]AlF for PET imaging of asialoglycoprotein receptor. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 162:109199. [PMID: 32501233 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Several methods have been developed to label compounds with 18F. However, in general these are laborious and require a multistep synthesis. A method based on the chelation of 18F-aluminum fluoride ([18F]AlF) by 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA) was developed recently. The present work was aimed to radiolabel hexavalent lactoside (NOTA-HL) by [18F]AlF method for PET imaging of asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR). METHODS hexavalent lactoside was conjugated with the NOTA chelate and labeled with 18F in a one-pot method. The labeling procedure was investigated with different amounts of NOTA-HL and aluminum concentration. Radiochemical yield and radiochemical purity were determined by radio-TLC and radio-HPLC respectively. In vitro stability study of [18F]AlF-HL were carried out. PET/CT imaging of normal mice injected with [18F]AlF-NOTA-HL was performed. RESULTS The Radiochemical yield of [18F]AlF-NOTA-HL was higher with more precursor and optimal Al+ concentration. The radiochemical purity of labeled product was >95% after purified by Sep-Pak cartridge to remove unbound [18F]AlF. The radiolabeling, including purification, was performed in 30 min [18F]AlF-NOTA-HL exhibited good in vitro stability. PET studies in normal mice revealed high specific accumulation of activity in the liver. CONCLUSION NOTA-HL could be labeled rapidly and efficiently with aqueous 18F using AlF method. [18F]AlF-NOTA-HL would provide another efficient approach for PET imaging of ASGPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Man Yu
- Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Hsin Chan
- Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Yang
- Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ting Hsia
- Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Wang
- Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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3
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Yu HM, Chan CH, Chen JH, Chien CY, Wang PY, Juan WC, Yang CH, Hsia HT, Wang MH, Lin WJ. Development of single vial kits for preparation of68Ga-labelled hexavalent lactoside for PET imaging of asialoglycoprotein receptor. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018; 61:885-894. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Man Yu
- Isotope Application Division; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research; Taoyuan City Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Chen-Hsin Chan
- Isotope Application Division; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research; Taoyuan City Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Jyun-Hong Chen
- Isotope Application Division; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research; Taoyuan City Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Chuan-Yi Chien
- Isotope Application Division; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research; Taoyuan City Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Ping-Yen Wang
- Isotope Application Division; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research; Taoyuan City Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Wei-Cheng Juan
- Isotope Application Division; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research; Taoyuan City Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Chun-Hung Yang
- Isotope Application Division; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research; Taoyuan City Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Hao-Ting Hsia
- Isotope Application Division; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research; Taoyuan City Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Mei-Hui Wang
- Isotope Application Division; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research; Taoyuan City Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Wuu-Jyh Lin
- Isotope Application Division; Institute of Nuclear Energy Research; Taoyuan City Taiwan (ROC)
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4
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Wood KD, Holmes RP, Knight J. RNA interference in the treatment of renal stone disease: Current status and future potentials. Int J Surg 2016; 36:713-716. [PMID: 27847291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in RNA interference (RNAi) delivery and chemistry have resulted in the development of more than 20 RNAi-based therapeutics, several of which are now in Phase III trials. The most advanced clinical trials have utilized modifications such as lipid nanoparticles and conjugation to N-acetyl galactosamine to treat liver specific diseases. Recent reports have suggested that reducing endogenous oxalate synthesis by RNAi may be a safe and effective therapy for patients with the rare disease, Primary Hyperoxaluria (PH). Our current understanding of endogenous oxalate synthesis indicates that two enzymes, hydroxyproline dehydrogenase and glycolate oxidase (GO), are suitable targets for oxalate reduction therapy. Our studies in a mouse model of PH type 1 have demonstrated that reducing the expression of either of these enzymes in the liver with RNAi significantly reduces urinary oxalate excretion. Early human phase clinical trials are now under way in PH1 patients with RNAi targeting GO. Future elaboration of other contributors of stone disease and improvement in tissue specific targeting with RNAi may lead to further therapies that target idiopathic stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Wood
- Department of Urology, 816 KAUL Building, 720 20th Street South, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-3411, USA.
| | - Ross P Holmes
- Department of Urology, 816 KAUL Building, 720 20th Street South, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-3411, USA.
| | - John Knight
- Department of Urology, 816 KAUL Building, 720 20th Street South, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294-3411, USA.
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5
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A new approach to the synthesis of ligands of asialoglycoprotein receptor for targeted delivery of oligonucleotides to hepatocytes. Russ Chem Bull 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-015-1056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Targeted Sterically Stabilized Phospholipid siRNA Nanomedicine for Hepatic and Renal Fibrosis. NANOMATERIALS 2016; 6:nano6010008. [PMID: 28344266 PMCID: PMC5302539 DOI: 10.3390/nano6010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Since its discovery, small interfering RNA (siRNA) has been considered a potent tool for modulating gene expression. It has the ability to specifically target proteins via selective degradation of messenger RNA (mRNA) not easily accessed by conventional drugs. Hence, RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics have great potential in the treatment of many diseases caused by faulty protein expression such as fibrosis and cancer. However, for clinical application siRNA faces a number of obstacles, such as poor in vivo stability, and off-target effects. Here we developed a unique targeted nanomedicine to tackle current siRNA delivery issues by formulating a biocompatible, biodegradable and relatively inexpensive nanocarrier of sterically stabilized phospholipid nanoparticles (SSLNPs). This nanocarrier is capable of incorporating siRNA in its core through self-association with a novel cationic lipid composed of naturally occuring phospholipids and amino acids. This overall assembly protects and delivers sufficient amounts of siRNA to knockdown over-expressed protein in target cells. The siRNA used in this study, targets connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), an important regulator of fibrosis in both hepatic and renal cells. Furthermore, asialoglycoprotein receptors are targeted by attaching the galactosamine ligand to the nanocarries which enhances the uptake of nanoparticles by hepatocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells, the major producers of CTGF in fibrosis. On animals this innovative nanoconstruct, small interfering RNA in sterically stabilized phospholipid nanoparticles (siRNA-SSLNP), showed favorable pharmacokinetic properties and accumulated mostly in hepatic and renal tissues making siRNA-SSLNP a suitable system for targeting liver and kidney fibrotic diseases.
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Guo H, Sun S, Yang Z, Tang X, Wang Y. Strategies for ribavirin prodrugs and delivery systems for reducing the side-effect hemolysis and enhancing their therapeutic effect. J Control Release 2015; 209:27-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Craparo EF, Sardo C, Serio R, Zizzo MG, Bondì ML, Giammona G, Cavallaro G. Galactosylated polymeric carriers for liver targeting of sorafenib. Int J Pharm 2014; 466:172-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Craparo EF, Triolo D, Pitarresi G, Giammona G, Cavallaro G. Galactosylated micelles for a ribavirin prodrug targeting to hepatocytes. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1838-49. [PMID: 23621358 DOI: 10.1021/bm4002409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric micelles potentially able to carry to hepatocytes a ribavirin (RBV) prodrug, exploiting the presence of carbohydrate receptors, that is, ASGPR, were prepared starting from a galactosylated polylactide-polyaminoacid conjugate. This latter was obtained by chemical reaction of α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl) (2-aminoethylcarbamate)-dl-aspartamide (PHEA-EDA) with polylactic acid (PLA), and subsequent reaction with lactose, obtaining PHEA-EDA-PLA-GAL copolymer. To enhance the entrapment into obtained nanostructures, a hydrophobic RBV prodrug, that is, RBV tripalmitate, was synthesized and its capability to release RBV in the presence of an adequate enzymatic activity was demonstrated. Liver-targeted RBV tripalmitate-loaded micelles were obtained in aqueous media at low PHEA-EDA-PLA-GAL copolymer concentration value with nanometric size. By in vitro experiments, the specificity of RBV tripalmitate-loaded PHEA-EDA-PLA-GAL micelles toward HepG2 was demonstrated by using a competitive inhibition assay in the presence of free GAL. This finding raises hope in terms of future micelles-based liver-targeted drug delivery strategy for the hepatitis C treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela F Craparo
- Lab of Biocompatible Polymers, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo , via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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Poelstra K, Prakash J, Beljaars L. Drug targeting to the diseased liver. J Control Release 2012; 161:188-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Development of a fluorescence polarization binding assay for asialoglycoprotein receptor. Anal Biochem 2012; 425:43-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2012.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Domingo-Espín J, Unzueta U, Saccardo P, Rodríguez-Carmona E, Corchero JL, Vázquez E, Ferrer-Miralles N. Engineered biological entities for drug delivery and gene therapy protein nanoparticles. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2011; 104:247-98. [PMID: 22093221 PMCID: PMC7173510 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-416020-0.00006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of genetic engineering techniques has speeded up the growth of the biotechnological industry, resulting in a significant increase in the number of recombinant protein products on the market. The deep knowledge of protein function, structure, biological interactions, and the possibility to design new polypeptides with desired biological activities have been the main factors involved in the increase of intensive research and preclinical and clinical approaches. Consequently, new biological entities with added value for innovative medicines such as increased stability, improved targeting, and reduced toxicity, among others have been obtained. Proteins are complex nanoparticles with sizes ranging from a few nanometers to a few hundred nanometers when complex supramolecular interactions occur, as for example, in viral capsids. However, even though protein production is a delicate process that imposes the use of sophisticated analytical methods and negative secondary effects have been detected in some cases as immune and inflammatory reactions, the great potential of biodegradable and tunable protein nanoparticles indicates that protein-based biotechnological products are expected to increase in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Domingo-Espín
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ugutz Unzueta
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Saccardo
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Escarlata Rodríguez-Carmona
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luís Corchero
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Vázquez
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Ferrer-Miralles
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Khorev O, Stokmaier D, Schwardt O, Cutting B, Ernst B. Trivalent, Gal/GalNAc-containing ligands designed for the asialoglycoprotein receptor. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:5216-31. [PMID: 18358727 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2007] [Revised: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel, fluorescent ligands designed to bind with high affinity and specificity to the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) has been synthesized and tested on human liver cells. The compounds bear three non-reducing, beta-linked Gal or GalNAc moieties linked to flexible spacers for an optimal spatial interaction with the binding site of the ASGP-R. The final constructs were selectively endocytosed by HepG2 cells derived from parenchymal liver cells-the major human liver cell type-in a process that was visualized with the aid of fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, the internalization was analyzed with flow cytometry, which showed the process to be receptor-mediated and selective. The compounds described in this work could serve as valuable tools for studying hepatic endocytosis, and are suited as carriers for site-specific drug delivery to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Khorev
- Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Pharmacenter-University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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