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Mian M, Tahiri J, Eldin R, Altabaa M, Sehar U, Reddy PH. Overlooked cases of mild cognitive impairment: Implications to early Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102335. [PMID: 38744405 PMCID: PMC11180381 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) marks the initial phase of memory decline or other cognitive functions like language or spatial perception, while individuals typically retain the capacity to carry out everyday tasks independently. Our comprehensive article investigates the intricate landscape of cognitive disorders, focusing on MCI and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRD). The study aims to understand the signs of MCI, early Alzheimer's disease, and healthy brain aging while assessing factors influencing disease progression, pathology development and susceptibility. A systematic literature review of over 100 articles was conducted, emphasizing MCI, AD and ADRD within the elderly populations. The synthesis of results reveals significant findings regarding ethnicity, gender, lifestyle, comorbidities, and diagnostic tools. Ethnicity was found to influence MCI prevalence, with disparities observed across diverse populations. Gender differences were evident in cognitive performance and decline, highlighting the need for personalized management strategies. Lifestyle factors and comorbidities were identified as crucial influencers of cognitive health. Regarding diagnostic tools, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) emerged as superior to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in early MCI detection. Overall, our article provides insights into the multifaceted nature of cognitive disorders, emphasizing the importance of tailored interventions and comprehensive assessment strategies for effective cognitive health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maamoon Mian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Jihane Tahiri
- School of Biology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Ryan Eldin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
| | - Mohamad Altabaa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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COOK DIANEJ, STRICKLAND MIRANDA, SCHMITTER-EDGECOMBE MAUREEN. Detecting Smartwatch-based Behavior Change in Response to a Multi-domain Brain Health Intervention. ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTING FOR HEALTHCARE 2022; 3:33. [PMID: 35815157 PMCID: PMC9268550 DOI: 10.1145/3508020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we introduce and validate a computational method to detect lifestyle change that occurs in response to a multi-domain healthy brain aging intervention. To detect behavior change, digital behavior markers (DM) are extracted from smartwatch sensor data and a Permutation-based Change Detection (PCD) algorithm quantifies the change in marker-based behavior from a pre-intervention, one-week baseline. To validate the method, we verify that changes are successfully detected from synthetic data with known pattern differences. Next, we employ this method to detect overall behavior change for n=28 BHI subjects and n=17 age-matched control subjects. For these individuals, we observe a monotonic increase in behavior change from the baseline week with a slope of 0.7460 for the intervention group and a slope of 0.0230 for the control group. Finally, we utilize a random forest algorithm to perform leave-one-subject-out prediction of intervention versus control subjects based on digital marker delta values. The random forest predicts whether the subject is in the intervention or control group with an accuracy of 0.87. This work has implications for capturing objective, continuous data to inform our understanding of intervention adoption and impact.
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Xi J, Ding D, Zhao Q, Liang X, Zheng L, Guo Q, Hong Z, Fu H, Xu J, Xiao Q. Joint Effect of ABCA7 rs4147929 and Body Mass Index on Progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease: The Shanghai Aging Study. Curr Alzheimer Res 2021; 17:185-195. [PMID: 32183673 DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666200317095608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 40 independent Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) or cognitive decline in genome-wide association studies. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the joint effect of genetic polymorphisms and environmental factors on the progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to AD (MCI-AD progression) in a Chinese community cohort. METHODS Demographic, DNA and incident AD diagnosis data were derived from the follow-up of 316 participants with MCI at baseline of the Shanghai Aging Study. The associations of 40 SNPs and environmental predictors with MCI-AD progression were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test and Cox regression model. RESULTS Rs4147929 at ATP-binding cassette family A member 7 (ABCA7) (AG/AA vs. GG, hazard ratio [HR] = 2.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24-4.76) and body mass index (BMI) (overweight vs. non-overweight, HR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.22-0.78) were independent predictors of MCI-AD progression. In the combined analyses, MCI participants with the copresence of non-overweight BMI and the ABCA7 rs4147929 (AG/AA) risk genotype had an approximately 6-fold higher risk of MCI-AD progression than those with an overweight BMI and a non-risk genotype (HR = 6.77, 95% CI 2.60-17.63). However, a nonsignificant result was found when participants carried only one of these two risk factors (nonoverweight BMI and AG/AA of ABCA7 rs4147929). CONCLUSION ABCA7 rs4147929 and BMI jointly affect MCI-AD progression. MCI participants with the rs4147929 risk genotype may benefit from maintaining an overweight BMI level with regard to their risk for incident AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Xi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding Ding
- Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianhua Zhao
- Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoniu Liang
- Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihao Guo
- Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Hong
- Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Fu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianyi Xiao
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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