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Song H, Li H, Shen X, Liu K, Feng H, Cui J, Wei W, Sun X, Fan Q, Bao W, Zhou H, Qian L, Nie H, Cheng X, Du Z. A pH-responsive cetuximab-conjugated DMAKO-20 nano-delivery system for overcoming K-ras mutations and drug resistance in colorectal carcinoma. Acta Biomater 2024; 177:456-471. [PMID: 38331131 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Cetuximab (Cet) and oxaliplatin (OXA) are used as first-line drugs for patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC). In fact, the heterogeneity of CRC, mainly caused by K-ras mutations and drug resistance, undermines the effectiveness of drugs. Recently, a hydrophobic prodrug, (1E,4E)-6-((S)-1-(isopentyloxy)-4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)-5,8-dimethoxynaphthalene-1,4‑dione dioxime (DMAKO-20), has been shown to undergo tumor-specific CYP1B1-catalyzed bioactivation. This process results in the production of nitric oxide and active naphthoquinone mono-oximes, which exhibit specific antitumor activity against drug-resistant CRC. In this study, a Cet-conjugated bioresponsive DMAKO-20/PCL-PEOz-targeted nanocodelivery system (DMAKO@PCL-PEOz-Cet) was constructed to address the issue of DMAKO-20 dissolution and achieve multitargeted delivery of the cargoes to different subtypes of CRC cells to overcome K-ras mutations and drug resistance in CRC. The experimental results demonstrated that DMAKO@PCL-PEOz-Cet efficiently delivered DMAKO-20 to both K-ras mutant and wild-type CRC cells by targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). It exhibited a higher anticancer effect than OXA in K-ras mutant cells and drug-resistant cells. Additionally, it was observed that DMAKO@PCL-PEOz-Cet reduced the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in CRC cells and significantly inhibited the growth of heterogeneous HCT-116 subcutaneous tumors and patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDX) model tumors. This work provides a new strategy for the development of safe and effective approaches for treating CRC. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: (1) Significance: This work reports a new approach for the treatment of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) using the bioresponsible Cet-conjugated PCL-PEOz/DMAKO-20 nanodelivery system (DMAKO@PCL-PEOz-Cet) prepared with Cet and PCL-PEOz for the targeted transfer of DMAKO-20, which is an anticancer multitarget drug that can even prevent drug resistance, to wild-type and K-ras mutant CRC cells. DMAKO@PCL-PEOz-Cet, in the form of nanocrystal micelles, maintained stability in peripheral blood and efficiently transported DMAKO-20 to various subtypes of colorectal carcinoma cells, overcoming the challenges posed by K-ras mutations and drug resistance. The system's secure and effective delivery capabilities have also been confirmed in organoid and PDX models. (2) This is the first report demonstrating that this approach simultaneously overcomes the K-ras mutation and drug resistance of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Song
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haosheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaonan Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Kuai Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haoran Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiahua Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaolu Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiong Fan
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Liheng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huizhen Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Zixiu Du
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Zhang F, Chu M, Liu J, Zhao Q, Zhu Y, Wu X. Shikonin Suppresses Cell Tumorigenesis in Gastric Cancer Associated with the Inhibition of c-Myc and Yap-1. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1919-1929. [PMID: 37957853 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073254088231020082912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to study the potential roles and mechanisms of shikonin in gastric cancer by network pharmacology and biological experiments. METHODS The key genes and targets of shikonin in gastric cancer were predicted by network pharmacology and molecular docking study. The effect of shikonin on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells was detected by the CCK8 method, and wound healing and transwell assays. The expression levels of c-Myc and Yap-1 were detected via western blotting in gastric cancer cells after shikonin intervention. RESULTS The results of network pharmacology revealed the key target genes of shikonin on gastric cancer cells to be c-Myc, Yap-1, AKT1, etc. GO and KEGG analysis showed regulation of cell migration, proliferation, adhesion, and other biological processes, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, necroptosis, and other cancer pathways. Molecular docking showed shikonin to be most closely combined with protooncogenes c-Myc and Yap-1. In vitro experiments showed that the proliferation rate, migration, and invasion ability of the gastric cancer cell group decreased significantly after shikonin intervention for 24h. The expression levels of c-Myc and Yap-1 in gastric cancer cells were found to be significantly decreased after shikonin intervention. CONCLUSION This study showed protooncogenes c-Myc and Yap-1 to be the core target genes of shikonin on gastric cancer cells. Shikonin may suppress gastric cancer cells by inhibiting the protooncogenes c-Myc and Yap-1. This suggests that shikonin may be a good candidate for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Mingliang Chu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Jiemin Liu
- Department of Endoscopy, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Xuefang Wu
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
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Song Y, Ding Q, Hao Y, Cui B, Ding C, Gao F. Pharmacological Effects of Shikonin and Its Potential in Skin Repair: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:7950. [PMID: 38138440 PMCID: PMC10745356 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28247950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, skin injuries have a serious impact on people's lives and socio-economic stress. Shikonin, a naphthoquinone compound derived from the root of the traditional Chinese medicine Shikonin, has favorable biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, anticancer, and wound-healing-promoting pharmacological activities. It has been reported that Shikonin can be used for repairing skin diseases due to its wide range of pharmacological effects. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of Shikonin can play a great role in food and can also reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria in food. This paper summarizes the research on the pharmacological effects of Shikonin in recent years, as well as research on the mechanism of action of Shikonin in the treatment of certain skin diseases, to provide certain theoretical references for the clinical application of Shikonin, and also to provides research ideas for the investigation of the mechanism of action of Shikonin in other skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Song
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China;
| | - Qiteng Ding
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Yuewen Hao
- Jilin Jianwei Natural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Linjiang 134600, China; (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Bing Cui
- Jilin Jianwei Natural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Linjiang 134600, China; (Y.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China;
- Jilin Aodong Yanbian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dunhua 133700, China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China;
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