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Lu B, Liao SM, Liang SJ, Li JX, Liu XH, Huang RB, Zhou GP. NMR Studies of the Interactions between Sialyllactoses and the Polysialytransferase Domain for Polysialylation Inhibition. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5682-5700. [PMID: 38921011 PMCID: PMC11201969 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
It is known that sialyllactose (SL) in mammalians is a major source of sialic acid (Sia), which can further form cytidine monophosphate sialic acid (CMP-Sia), and the final product is polysialic acid (polySia) using polysialyltransferases (polySTs) on the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). This process is called NCAM polysialylation. The overexpression of polysialylation is strongly related to cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. In order to inhibit the overexpression of polysialylation, in this study, SL was selected as an inhibitor to test whether polysialylation could be inhibited. Our results suggest that the interactions between the polysialyltransferase domain (PSTD) in polyST and CMP-Siaand the PSTD and polySia could be inhibited when the 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) or 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL) concentration is about 0.5 mM or 6'-SL and 3 mM, respectively. The results also show that SLs (particularly for 3'-SL) are the ideal inhibitors compared with another two inhibitors, low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and cytidine monophosphate (CMP), because 3'-SL can not only be used to inhibit NCAM polysialylation, but is also one of the best supplements for infant formula and the gut health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lu
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China; (B.L.); (S.-M.L.); (S.-J.L.); (J.-X.L.)
| | - Si-Ming Liao
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China; (B.L.); (S.-M.L.); (S.-J.L.); (J.-X.L.)
| | - Shi-Jie Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China; (B.L.); (S.-M.L.); (S.-J.L.); (J.-X.L.)
| | - Jian-Xiu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China; (B.L.); (S.-M.L.); (S.-J.L.); (J.-X.L.)
| | - Xue-Hui Liu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Ri-Bo Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China; (B.L.); (S.-M.L.); (S.-J.L.); (J.-X.L.)
- Life Science and Technology College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Rocky Mount Life Science Institute, Rocky Mount, NC 27804, USA
| | - Guo-Ping Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China; (B.L.); (S.-M.L.); (S.-J.L.); (J.-X.L.)
- Rocky Mount Life Science Institute, Rocky Mount, NC 27804, USA
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Liao SM, Lu B, Liu XH, Lu ZL, Liang SJ, Chen D, Troy FA, Huang RB, Zhou GP. Molecular Interactions of the Polysialytransferase Domain (PSTD) in ST8Sia IV with CMP-Sialic Acid and Polysialic Acid Required for Polysialylation of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule Proteins: An NMR Study. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051590. [PMID: 32111064 PMCID: PMC7084582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysialic acid (polySia) is an unusual glycan that posttranslational modifies neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) proteins in mammalian cells. The up-regulated expression of polySia-NCAM is associated with tumor progression in many metastatic human cancers and in neurocognitive processes. Two members of the ST8Sia family of α2,8-polysialyltransferases (polySTs), ST8Sia II (STX) and ST8Sia IV (PST) both catalyze synthesis of polySia when activated cytidine monophosphate(CMP)-Sialic acid (CMP-Sia) is translocate into the lumen of the Golgi apparatus. Two key polybasic domains in the polySTs, the polybasic region (PBR) and the polysialyltransferase domain (PSTD) areessential forpolysialylation of the NCAM proteins. However, the precise molecular details to describe the interactions required for polysialylation remain unknown. In this study, we hypothesize that PSTD interacts with both CMP-Sia and polySia to catalyze polysialylation of the NCAM proteins. To test this hypothesis, we synthesized a 35-amino acid-PSTD peptide derived from the ST8Sia IV gene sequence and used it to study its interaction with CMP-Sia, and polySia. Our results showed for the PSTD-CMP-Sia interaction, the largest chemical-shift perturbations (CSP) were in amino acid residues V251 to A254 in the short H1 helix, located near the N-terminus of PSTD. However, larger CSP values for the PSTD-polySia interaction were observed in amino acid residues R259 to T270 in the long H2 helix. These differences suggest that CMP-Sia preferentially binds to the domain between the short H1 helix and the longer H2 helix. In contrast, polySia was principally bound to the long H2 helix of PSTD. For the PSTD-polySia interaction, a significant decrease in peak intensity was observed in the 20 amino acid residues located between the N-and C-termini of the long H2 helix in PSTD, suggesting a slower motion in these residues when polySia bound to PSTD. Specific features of the interactions between PSTD-CMP-Sia, and PSTD-polySia were further confirmed by comparing their 800 MHz-derived HSQC spectra with that of PSTD-Sia, PSTD-TriSia (DP 3) and PSTD-polySia. Based on the interactions between PSTD-CMP-Sia, PSTD-polySia, PBR-NCAM and PSTD-PBR, these findingsprovide a greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying polySia-NCAM polysialylation, and thus provides a new perspective for translational pharmacological applications and development by targeting the two polysialyltransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ming Liao
- The National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China; (S.-M.L.); (B.L.); (Z.-L.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Bo Lu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China; (S.-M.L.); (B.L.); (Z.-L.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Xue-Hui Liu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Zhi-Long Lu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China; (S.-M.L.); (B.L.); (Z.-L.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Shi-Jie Liang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China; (S.-M.L.); (B.L.); (Z.-L.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Dong Chen
- The National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China; (S.-M.L.); (B.L.); (Z.-L.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Frederic A. Troy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616-8635, USA
- Correspondence: (F.A.T.II); (R.-B.H.); (G.-P.Z.)
| | - Ri-Bo Huang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China; (S.-M.L.); (B.L.); (Z.-L.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.C.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
- Correspondence: (F.A.T.II); (R.-B.H.); (G.-P.Z.)
| | - Guo-Ping Zhou
- The National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China; (S.-M.L.); (B.L.); (Z.-L.L.); (S.-J.L.); (D.C.)
- Gordon Life Science Institute, Rocky Mount, NC 27804, USA
- Correspondence: (F.A.T.II); (R.-B.H.); (G.-P.Z.)
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