1
|
Current Trends in Toxicity Assessment of Herbal Medicines: A Narrative Review. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Even in modern times, the popularity level of medicinal plants and herbal medicines in therapy is still high. The World Health Organization estimates that 80% of the population in developing countries uses these types of remedies. Even though herbal medicine products are usually perceived as low risk, their potential health risks should be carefully assessed. Several factors can cause the toxicity of herbal medicine products: plant components or metabolites with a toxic potential, adulteration, environmental pollutants (heavy metals, pesticides), or contamination of microorganisms (toxigenic fungi). Their correct evaluation is essential for the patient’s safety. The toxicity assessment of herbal medicine combines in vitro and in vivo methods, but in the past decades, several new techniques emerged besides conventional methods. The use of omics has become a valuable research tool for prediction and toxicity evaluation, while DNA sequencing can be used successfully to detect contaminants and adulteration. The use of invertebrate models (Danio renio or Galleria mellonella) became popular due to the ethical issues associated with vertebrate models. The aim of the present article is to provide an overview of the current trends and methods used to investigate the toxic potential of herbal medicinal products and the challenges in this research field.
Collapse
|
2
|
Cui Q, Tanaka H, Shoyama Y, Ye HT, Li F, Tian EW, Wu YS, Chao Z. Development of a Competitive Time-Resolved Fluoroimmunoassay for Paclitaxel. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2018; 29:284-289. [PMID: 29266486 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Paclitaxel (Tax) is a diterpene alkaloid isolated from Taxus species and has proved clinically effective in treating a number of malignancies. Current quantitative analytical methods for Tax such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) often involve complicated sample preparation procedures with low recovery rates. OBJECTIVE To establish a rapid and sensitive time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) for measuring Tax in Taxus materials with convenient sample preparation and a high recovery rate. METHODS Rabbit anti-mouse IgG was coated onto a 96-well microplate, which was then incubated with standard solutions of Tax and anti-Tax monoclonal antibody 3A3. A Eu3+ -labelled conjugate of Tax and human serum albumin was used as the tracer. The luminescent system was enhanced with a solution containing 2-naphthoyltrifluoroacetone. RESULTS The established TRFIA showed a linear response within the Tax concentration range of 3.2 to 80 ng/mL, with a limit of detection of 1.4 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variation of the assay was 9.6% and 9.7%, respectively, with an average recovery rate from spiked samples of 108.5%. Tax contents in Taxus samples were determined using both the established TRFIA system and a previously established enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA), and the results of two assays were well correlated. CONCLUSION This TRFIA system shows a high sensitivity, precision and accuracy for detection of Tax. This assay, which is convenient and less time-consuming, allows rapid analysis of Tax and provides another option for Tax measurement for quality control of Taxus materials and products. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Japan
| | - Hao-Ting Ye
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - En-Wei Tian
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Song Wu
- School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Chao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yan X, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Qu H. Monoclonal Antibodies and Immunoassay for Medical Plant-Derived Natural Products: A Review. Molecules 2017; 22:E355. [PMID: 28245640 PMCID: PMC6155174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to the widespread application value, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have become a tool of increasing importance in modern bioscience research since their emergence. Recently, some researchers have focused on the production of MAbs against medical plant-derived natural products (MPNP), the secondary metabolites of medical plants. At the same time, various immunoassay methods were established on the basis of these MPNP MAbs, and then rapidly developed into a novel technique for medical plant and phytomedicine research in the area of quality control, pharmacological analysis, drug discovery, and so on. Dependent on the research works carried out in recent years, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of MAbs against MPNP and the application of various immunoassay methods established on the basis of these MAbs, and conclude with a short section on future prospects and research trends in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Huihua Qu
- Center of Scientific Experiment, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fujii S, Morinaga O, Uto T, Nomura S, Shoyama Y. Simultaneous determination of glycyrrhizin and liquiritin in licorice roots and Kampo medicines by combination enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using anti-glycyrrhizin and anti-liquiritin monoclonal antibodies. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2016; 38:285-298. [DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2016.1260586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
5
|
Wu TK, Wei CW, Pan YR, Cherng SH, Chang WJ, Wang HF, Yu YL. Vitamin C attenuates the toxic effect of aristolochic acid on renal tubular cells via decreasing oxidative stress‑mediated cell death pathways. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6086-92. [PMID: 26239057 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aristolochic acid (AA) is a component of Chinese medicinal herbs, including asarum and aristolochia and has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for a long time. Recent studies found that AA has a cytotoxic effect resulting in nephropathy. These studies indicated that AA‑induced cytotoxicity is associated with increases in oxidative stress and caspase‑3 activation. The present study further demonstrated that AA mainly elevates the H2O2 ratio, leading to increases in oxidative stress. Furthermore, the results indicated that AA induces cell death can via caspase‑dependent and ‑independent pathways. It is desirable to identify means of inhibiting AA‑induced renal damage; therefore, the present study applied an anti‑oxidative nutrient, vitamin C, to test whether it can be employed to reduce AA‑induced cell cytotoxicity. The results showed that vitamin C decreased AA‑induced H2O2 levels, caspase‑3 activity and cytotoxicity in renal tubular cells. In conclusion, the present study was the first to demonstrate that AA‑induced increases of the H2O2 ratio resulted in renal tubular cell death via caspase‑dependent and ‑independent pathways, and that vitamin C can decrease AA‑induced increases in H2O2 levels and caspase‑3 activity to attenuate AA‑induced cell cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Kun Wu
- The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chyou-Wei Wei
- Deparment of Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ying-Ru Pan
- Deparment of Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shur-Hueih Cherng
- Deparment of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Jung Chang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsueh-Fang Wang
- Deparment of Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yung-Luen Yu
- The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taichung 404, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Uto T, Sakamoto A, Tung NH, Fujiki T, Kishihara K, Oiso S, Kariyazono H, Morinaga O, Shoyama Y. Anti-Proliferative Activities and Apoptosis Induction by Triterpenes Derived from Eriobotrya japonica in Human Leukemia Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:4106-20. [PMID: 23429195 PMCID: PMC3588088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14024106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Eriobotrya japonica leaf is a traditional herbal medicine that contains numerous triterpenes, which have various pharmacological properties. In this study, we investigated the anti-proliferative activity of four triterpenes derived from E. japonica, including corosolic acid (CA), ursolic acid (UA), maslinic acid (MA) and oleanolic acid (OA), in human leukemia cell lines. CA showed the strongest anti-proliferative activity in all of the leukemia cell lines tested, but not in normal human skin fibroblast cell lines. To determine the mechanism underlying the anti-proliferative effect of CA, we examined the effect of CA on molecular events known as apoptosis induction. CA induced chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, sub-G1 phase DNA, activation of caspase-3, -8 and -9 and the cleavage of PARP in HL-60. CA also activated Bid and Bax, leading to the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and cytochrome c release into the cytosol, whereas Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL were unaffected by CA. These results suggest that CA has an anti-proliferative effect on leukemia cells via the induction of apoptosis mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation. CA may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of human leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuhiro Uto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; E-Mails: (T.U.); (A.S.); (N.H.T.); (O.M.)
| | - Ayana Sakamoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; E-Mails: (T.U.); (A.S.); (N.H.T.); (O.M.)
| | - Nguyen Huu Tung
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; E-Mails: (T.U.); (A.S.); (N.H.T.); (O.M.)
| | - Tsukasa Fujiki
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; E-Mails: (T.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Kenji Kishihara
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; E-Mails: (T.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Shigeru Oiso
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; E-Mails: (S.O.); (H.K.)
| | - Hiroko Kariyazono
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Care Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; E-Mails: (S.O.); (H.K.)
| | - Osamu Morinaga
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; E-Mails: (T.U.); (A.S.); (N.H.T.); (O.M.)
| | - Yukihiro Shoyama
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; E-Mails: (T.U.); (A.S.); (N.H.T.); (O.M.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel./Fax: +81-956-20-5622
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Development of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) using highly specific monoclonal antibody against paclitaxel. J Nat Med 2012; 67:512-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-012-0708-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|