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Orlandin A, Guryanov I, Ferrazzano L, Biondi B, Biscaglia F, Storti C, Rancan M, Formaggio F, Ricci A, Cabri W. Carbodiimide-Mediated Beckmann Rearrangement of Oxyma-B as a Side Reaction in Peptide Synthesis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134235. [PMID: 35807480 PMCID: PMC9268172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The suppression of side reactions is one of the most important objectives in peptide synthesis, where highly reactive compounds are involved. Recently, the violuric acid derivative Oxyma-B was introduced into peptide synthesis protocols as a promising additive to efficiently control the optical purity of the amino acids prone to racemization. However, we discovered a side reaction involving the Beckmann rearrangement of Oxyma-B during the coupling reaction, which compromises the yield and purity of the target peptides. Here, we present the investigation of the mechanism of this rearrangement and the optimization of the coupling reaction conditions to control it. These results can be taken into account for the design of novel efficient oxime-based coupling reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Orlandin
- Fresenius Kabi iPSUM Srl, Via San Leonardo 23, 45010 Villadose, Italy; (A.O.); (W.C.)
| | - Ivan Guryanov
- Fresenius Kabi iPSUM Srl, Via San Leonardo 23, 45010 Villadose, Italy; (A.O.); (W.C.)
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Peterhof, Universitetskij pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence: (I.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Lucia Ferrazzano
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Barbara Biondi
- ICB, Padova Unit, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (B.B.); (F.B.); (C.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Francesca Biscaglia
- ICB, Padova Unit, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (B.B.); (F.B.); (C.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Claudia Storti
- ICB, Padova Unit, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (B.B.); (F.B.); (C.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Marzio Rancan
- ICMATE, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Fernando Formaggio
- ICB, Padova Unit, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (B.B.); (F.B.); (C.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Antonio Ricci
- Fresenius Kabi iPSUM Srl, Via San Leonardo 23, 45010 Villadose, Italy; (A.O.); (W.C.)
- Correspondence: (I.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Walter Cabri
- Fresenius Kabi iPSUM Srl, Via San Leonardo 23, 45010 Villadose, Italy; (A.O.); (W.C.)
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
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El-Faham A, Albericio F, Manne SR, de la Torre BG. OxymaPure Coupling Reagents: Beyond Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1706296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOxymaPure [ethyl 2-cyano-2-(hydroxyimino)acetate] is an exceptional reagent with which to suppress racemization and enhance coupling efficiency during amide bond formation. The tremendous popularity of OxymaPure has led to the development of several Oxyma-based reagents. OxymaPure and its derived reagents are widely used in solid- and solution-phase peptide chemistry. This review summarizes the recent developments and applications of OxymaPure and Oxyma-based reagents in peptide chemistry, in particular in solution-phase chemistry. Moreover, the side reaction associated with OxymaPure is also discussed.1 Introduction2 Oxyma-Based Coupling Reagents2.1 Aminium/Uronium Salts of OxymaPure2.2 Phosphonium Salts of OxymaPure2.3 Oxyma-Based Phosphates2.4 Sulfonate Esters of OxymaPure2.5 Benzoate Esters of OxymaPure2.6 Carbonates of OxymaPure Derivatives3 OxymaPure Derivatives4 Other Oxime-Based Additives and Coupling Reagents5 Side Reactions Using OxymaPure Derivatives6 Conclusion7 List of Abbreviations
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University,
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC)
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona
| | - Srinivasa Rao Manne
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal
| | - Beatriz G. de la Torre
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal
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