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Mohan IK, Khan SA, Shiva Krishna D, Vijaya Bhaskar M, Sai Baba KSS, Hussain T, Alrokayan SA, Naushad SM. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System-Based Exploration of the Interrelationships of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Calcium, Phosphorus with Parathyroid Hormone Production. Indian J Clin Biochem 2020; 35:121-126. [PMID: 32071505 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-018-0789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The rationale of the current study was to assess the prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) deficiency and hyperparathyroidism in South Indian population and to explore interrelationships of 25-OHD, Ca, P towards parathyroid hormone (PTH) production using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). A total of 407 subjects (228 men 179 women) with the mean age 56.8 ± 14.1 were tested for these parameters. In view of the skewed distribution of biochemical variables, data segregation was performed in tertiles and this data was trained to generate fuzzy interference system based on subclusters. The optimized model had 358 nodes and followed 44 fuzzy rules for prediction. This ANFIS model demonstrates that the deficiency of 25-OHD and Calcium triggers PTH production. PTH elevation is significant when Phosphorus is in the highest tertile. The associations observed by this model were consistent with the Kendall-Tau correlation matrix, which revealed inverse associations of Ca with P; and Ca with PTH and positive associations of P with PTH, and Ca with 25-OHD. Furthermore, the association statistics of the machine learning algorithm were also consistent, which suggested that depletion of Ca below 8.245 mg/dl was shown to elevate PTH levels greater than 167 pg/ml when P > 4.66. Subnormal depletion in 25-OHD (9.3-16.2 ng/ml) is associated with subnormal elevation in PTH (47-73.6 pg/ml). To conclude, ANFIS and machine learning algorithm are in agreement with each other in stating that 25-OHD deficiency triggers lower calcium levels, lower calcium and higher phosphorus trigger PTH production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyyapu Krishna Mohan
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, 500082 India
| | - Siraj Ahmed Khan
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, 500082 India
| | - D Shiva Krishna
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, 500082 India
| | - M Vijaya Bhaskar
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, 500082 India
| | - K S S Sai Baba
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, 500082 India
| | - Tajamul Hussain
- 2Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman A Alrokayan
- 3Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaik Mohammad Naushad
- Department of Biochemical Genetics, Sandor Life sciences Pvt Ld, Banjara Hills, Road No 3, Hyderabad, 500034 India
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