A Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on Au-rGO Nanocomposite Decorated with Poly(L-cysteine) for Determination of Paracetamol

Construction of functionalized carbon nanotube@metal oxide nanocomposite for high-performance electrochemical measurement of antipyretic drug in water samples

Acetaminophen (AP) acts as supportive clinical therapy for fever and dysmenorrhea. An overdose of AP may result in severe adverse diseases, such as liver dysfunction. In addition, AP is a key-listed environmental pollutant, which is difficult to degrade in the environment and has serious effects on living bodies. Therefore, the simple and quantitative determination of AP is highly relevant today. In this work, tin dioxide (SnO2) nanoparticles with functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (f-MWCNT) as a hybrid composite were prepared by hydrothermal-assisted synthesis. The composite material was characterized by various spectral, morphological, and electrochemical tests. Electrochemical investigations were conducted using a SnO2@f-MWCNT-reinforced electrode for the detection of AP. The composite electrode exhibited better functional properties, which facilitated electron transfer and enhanced electrical conductivity. The calculated low detection limit (LOD) of 0.36 nM is with a wide linear range of concentration from 0.001 to 673 µM. Additionally, the SnO2@f-MWCNT-modified electrode exhibited good anti-interference capability, repeatability, reproducibility, storage, and operational stability. The developed SnO2@f-MWCNT-modified electrode was applied to practical analysis in diverse water matrices (river, drinking, and pond) with acceptable recovery percentages. A synthesized nanoscale metal oxide electrocatalyst is of great interest and an active research area that serves as a foundation for the development of new, cost-effective electrochemical antibiotic drug sensors.

A bibliometric analysis of graphene in acetaminophen detection: Current status, development, and future directions

Acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic throughout the world. Detection of acetaminophen has particular value in pharmacy and clinics. Electrochemical sensors assembled with advanced materials are an effective method for the rapid detection of acetaminophen. Graphene-based carbon nanomaterials have been extensively investigated for potential analytical applications in the last decade. In this article, we selected papers containing both graphene and acetaminophen. Bibliometrics was used to analyze the relationships and trends among these papers. The results show that the topic has grown at a high rate since 2009. Among them, the detection of acetaminophen by an electrochemical sensor based on graphene is the most important direction. Graphene has moved from being a primary sensing material to a substrate for immobilization of other active ingredients. In addition, the degradation of acetaminophen using graphene-modified electrodes is also an important direction. We analyzed the research history and current status of this topic through bibliometrics. Authors, institutions, countries, and key literature were discussed. We also proposed perspectives for this topic.

Novel Self-assembly Pd(II)-Schiff Base Complex Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Electrochemical Detection of Paracetamol

A self-assembly Pd-Schiff base complex was synthesized and used as an electrochemical sensor in phosphate buffer solution, where it enhanced the electrocatalytic activity toward the paracetamol detection. The Schiff base {(HL) = (4-(((Z)-3-(hydroxyimino) butan-2-ylidene) amino)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one)} was selected to prepare Pd-based complexes due to its high antimicrobial activity. A linear calibration curve was constructed using GC/Pd-SB in paracetamol concentration range of 1–50 μM and its detection limit was calculated as 0.067 μM. The modified electrode, GC/Pd-SB, could successfully determine the paracetamol concentration in human blood serum and commercial drug tablets with high sensitivity. The prepared metal complex was characterized using techniques, namely, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition, electrochemical studies were performed using different electrochemical techniques like cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). DFT calculations were used to estimate the equilibrium geometry, molecular orbital, ground-state properties, and interaction energy between paracetamol and palladium.

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