Assessment of Ploy Dopamine Coated Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for Melanoma (B16-F10 and A-375) Cells Detection

Iron oxide nanoparticles coated with polydopamine as a potential nano-photothermal agent for treatment of melanoma cancer: an in vivo study

Melanoma is a metastatic cancer resistant to a wide range of therapies, including standard chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and cannot be treated with existing treatments owing to its intrinsic drug resistance. In terms of convenience and cheap cost of fabrication, one of the novel treatments is using polydopamine-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs@PDA). Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) were synthesized (7.36 nm) and coated with polydopamine (15-20 nm). To examine the effect of photothermal ablation in melanoma cells (B16-F10), a Q-switched ruby laser (λ = 694 nm, spot size = 4 mm, output power = 5 J/s) was used. The prepared nanoprobe was applied to mice, and their survival after treatment was evaluated. Then histopathological studies were done on the livers and skins of the treated mice. The nanoparticles absorb the laser, raising the temperature and initiating photothermal treatment, with significant apoptosis (74%) after the 4th time of treatment. Photothermal therapy (PTT) by using IONs@PDA proved to be effective in the treatment of melanoma cells (tumor size of < 2 mm) without side effects. The lifespan of mice was significantly increased in a group of mice post-administered IONs@PDA and laser ablation. The fabricated nanoprobe (IONs@PDA) enhanced the melanoma cell apoptosis in the mice model, and it has promise for the treatment of melanoma (B16-F10) cells using photothermal therapy.

Recent nanotheranostics applications for cancer therapy and diagnosis: A review

Nanotheranostics has attracted much attention due to its widespread application in molecular imaging and cancer therapy. Molecular imaging using nanoparticles has attracted special attention in the diagnosis of cancer at early stages. With the progress made in nanotheranostics, studying drug release, accumulation in the target tissue, biodistribution, and treatment effectiveness are other important factors. However, according to the studies conducted in this regard, each nanoparticle has some advantages and limitations that should be examined and then used in clinical applications. The main goal of this review is to explore the recent advancements in nanotheranostics for cancer therapy and diagnosis. Then, it is attempted to present recent studies on nanotheranostics used as a contrast agent in various imaging modalities and a platform for cancer therapy.