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Krumina E, Ocanto A, Couñago F. Vitamin D and prostate cancer prevention. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:691-694. [DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i6.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a hot topic nowadays, especially its relationship with cancer prevention. Normally, vitamin D is associated with bone health principally, but the new research has discovered an impact on immune function and cellular signaling, even in same studies talk about a hormone, however, the most important relationship is its implication in cellular processes, inhibiting cancer growth. For now, the recent studies are oriented about a benefit and a cause-effect relationship between prostate cancer and normal levels of vitamin D. This premise opens a lot of questions in this scenario. This editorial highlighted the most important studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evita Krumina
- Department of Radiation Oncology, GenesisCare Guadalajara, Guadalajara 19004, Spain
| | - Abrahams Ocanto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, San Francisco de Asís University Hospital, GenesisCare Madrid, Madrid 28002, Spain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vithas La Milagrosa University Hospital, GenesisCare Madrid, Madrid 28010, Spain
| | - Felipe Couñago
- Department of Radiation Oncology, San Francisco de Asís University Hospital, GenesisCare Madrid, Madrid 28002, Spain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vithas La Milagrosa University Hospital, GenesisCare Madrid, Madrid 28010, Spain
- National Director GenesisCare, Spain
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Cheng L, Liu W, Zhong C, Ni P, Ni S, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Liu J, Xu M, Yao X, Cen X, Wang G, Jiang C, Zhou F. Remodeling the homeostasis of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors by Shenmai injection to normalize tumor vasculature for enhanced cancer chemotherapy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113770. [PMID: 33388426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Normalization of the tumor vasculature can enhance tumor perfusion and the microenvironment, leading to chemotherapy potentiation. Shenmai injection (SMI) is a widely used traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the combination treatment of cancer in China. AIM OF THIS STUDY This study aimed to investigate whether SMI can regulate tumor vasculature to improve chemotherapy efficacy and identify the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antitumor effect of SMI combined with 5-florouracil (5-FU) was investigated in xenograft tumor mice. Two-photon microscopy, laser speckle contrast imaging and immunofluorescence staining were used to investigate the effects of SMI on tumor vasculature in vivo. The mRNA and protein expression of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors were measured by Q-PCR and ELISA. Histone acetylation and transcriptional regulation were detected by Western blot and ChIP assay. RESULTS SMI promoted normalization of tumor microvessels within a certain time window, which was accompanied by enhanced blood perfusion and 5-FU distribution in tumors. SMI significantly increased the expression of antiangiogenic factor angiostatin and decreased the pro-angiogenic factors VEGF, FGF and PAI-1 by day 10. SMI combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer patients also showed a significant increase in angiostatin and decrease in VEGF and FGF in surgically resected tumors when compared to the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group. Further in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that SMI downregulated VEGF, FGF and PAI-1 mRNA expression by inhibiting histone H3 acetylation at the promoter regions. The enhanced production of angiostatin was attributed to the regulation of the plasminogen proteolysis system via SMI-induced PAI-1 inhibition. CONCLUSION SMI can remodel the homeostasis of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors to promote tumor vessel normalization, and thus enhance drug delivery and anti-tumor effect. This study provides additional insights into the pharmacological mechanisms of SMI on tumors from the perspective of vascular regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingge Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Wenyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Chongjin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Ping Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Suiying Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Qizhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Jiali Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Meijuan Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Xuequan Yao
- Department of Digestive Tumor Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Guangji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Digestive Tumor Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Fang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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