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Nicoletti G, White K. The Anti-Fungal Activity of Nitropropenyl Benzodioxole (NPBD), a Redox-Thiol Oxidant and Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitor. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091188. [PMID: 36139967 PMCID: PMC9495065 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phylogenetically diverse fungal species are an increasing cause of severe disease and mortality. Identification of new targets and development of new fungicidal drugs are required to augment the effectiveness of current chemotherapy and counter increasing resistance in pathogens. Nitroalkenyl benzene derivatives are thiol oxidants and inhibitors of cysteine-based molecules, which show broad biological activity against microorganisms. Nitropropenyl benzodioxole (NPBD), one of the most active antimicrobial derivatives, shows high activity in MIC assays for phylogenetically diverse saprophytic, commensal and parasitic fungi. NPBD was fungicidal to all species except the dermatophytic fungi, with an activity profile comparable to that of Amphotericin B and Miconazole. NPBD showed differing patterns of dynamic kill rates under different growth conditions for Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus and was rapidly fungicidal for non-replicating vegetative forms and microconidia. It did not induce resistant or drug tolerant strains in major pathogens on long term exposure. A literature review highlights the complexity and interactivity of fungal tyrosine phosphate and redox signaling pathways, their differing metabolic effects in fungal species and identifies some targets for inhibition. A comparison of the metabolic activities of Amphotericin B, Miconazole and NPBD highlights the multiple cellular functions of these agents and the complementarity of many mechanisms. The activity profile of NPBD illustrates the functional diversity of fungal tyrosine phosphatases and thiol-based redox active molecules and contributes to the validation of tyrosine phosphatases and redox thiol molecules as related and complementary selective targets for antimicrobial drug development. NPBD is a selective antifungal agent with low oral toxicity which would be suitable for local treatment of skin and mucosal infections.
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Antibacterial Profile of a Microbicidal Agent Targeting Tyrosine Phosphatases and Redox Thiols, Novel Drug Targets. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111310. [PMID: 34827248 PMCID: PMC8615086 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity profile of a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitor and redox thiol oxidant, nitropropenyl benzodioxole (NPBD), was investigated across a broad range of bacterial species. In vitro assays assessed inhibitory and lethal activity patterns, the induction of drug variants on long term exposure, the inhibitory interactions of NPBD with antibiotics, and the effect of plasma proteins and redox thiols on activity. A literature review indicates the complexity of PTP and redox signaling and suggests likely metabolic targets. NPBD was broadly bactericidal to pathogens of the skin, respiratory, urogenital and intestinal tracts. It was effective against antibiotic resistant strains and slowly replicating and dormant cells. NPBD did not induce resistant or drug-tolerant phenotypes and showed low cross reactivity with antibiotics in synergy assays. Binding to plasma proteins indicated lowered in-vitro bioavailability and reduction of bactericidal activity in the presence of thiols confirmed the contribution of thiol oxidation and oxidative stress to lethality. This report presents a broad evaluation of the antibacterial effect of PTP inhibition and redox thiol oxidation, illustrates the functional diversity of bacterial PTPs and redox thiols, and supports their consideration as novel targets for antimicrobial drug development. NPBD is a dual mechanism agent with an activity profile which supports consideration of tyrosine phosphatases and bacterial antioxidant systems as promising targets for drug development.
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Özdemir A, Sever B, Altıntop MD. New Benzodioxole-based Pyrazoline Derivatives: Synthesis and Anticandidal, In silico ADME, Molecular Docking Studies. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666180326152726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Azoles are commonly used in the treatment and prevention of fungal
infections. They suppress fungal growth by acting on the heme group of lanosterol 14α-demethylase
enzyme (CYP51), thus blocking the biosynthesis of ergosterol.
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Objectives: Due to the importance of pyrazolines in the field of antifungal drug design, we aimed to
design and synthesize new pyrazoline-based anticandidal agents.
Methods:
New pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized via the reaction of 1-(chloroacetyl)-3-(2-
thienyl)-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-pyrazoline with aryl thiols. These compounds were evaluated
for their in vitro antifungal effects on Candida species. Docking studies were performed to predict
the affinity of the most effective anticandidal agents to substrate binding site of CYP51. Furthermore,
MTT assay was performed to determine the cytotoxic effects of the compounds on NIH/3T3
mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line. A computational study for the prediction of ADME properties
of all compounds was also carried out.
Results:
Compounds 5, 8, 10 and 12 were found as the most potent anticandidal agents against
Candida albicans and Candida glabrata in this series with the same MIC values of ketoconazole
and they also exhibited low toxicity against NIH/3T3 cells. Docking results indicated that all these
compounds showed good binding affinity into the active site of CYP51. In particular, chloro
substituted compounds 8 and 12 bind to CYP51 through direct coordination with the heme group.
According to in silico studies, compound 8 only violated one parameter of Lipinski’s rule of five,
making it a potential orally bioavailable agent.
Conclusion:
Compound 8 was defined as a promising candidate for further in vitro and in vivo
studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Özdemir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Belgin Sever
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Mehlika Dilek Altıntop
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
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Caselli A, Paoli P, Santi A, Mugnaioni C, Toti A, Camici G, Cirri P. Low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase: Multifaceted functions of an evolutionarily conserved enzyme. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:1339-55. [PMID: 27421795 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Originally identified as a low molecular weight acid phosphatase, LMW-PTP is actually a protein tyrosine phosphatase that acts on many phosphotyrosine-containing cellular proteins that are primarily involved in signal transduction. Differences in sequence, structure, and substrate recognition as well as in subcellular localization in different organisms enable LMW-PTP to exert many different functions. In fact, during evolution, the LMW-PTP structure adapted to perform different catalytic actions depending on the organism type. In bacteria, this enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of group 1 and 4 capsules, but it is also a virulence factor in pathogenic strains. In yeast, LMW-PTPs dephosphorylate immunophilin Fpr3, a peptidyl-prolyl-cis-trans isomerase member of the protein chaperone family. In humans, LMW-PTP is encoded by the ACP1 gene, which is composed of three different alleles, each encoding two active enzymes produced by alternative RNA splicing. In animals, LMW-PTP dephosphorylates a number of growth factor receptors and modulates their signalling processes. The involvement of LMW-PTP in cancer progression and in insulin receptor regulation as well as its actions as a virulence factor in a number of pathogenic bacterial strains may promote the search for potent, selective and bioavailable LMW-PTP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Caselli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Alice Santi
- Vascular Proteomics, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK.
| | - Camilla Mugnaioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Toti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Guido Camici
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Paolo Cirri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
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Goueslard K, Cottenet J, Mariet AS, Giroud M, Cottin Y, Petit JM, Quantin C. Early cardiovascular events in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2016; 15:15. [PMID: 26817691 PMCID: PMC4728938 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-016-0338-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is not assessed within the first 10 years postpartum, regardless of subsequent diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of CVD events related to GDM within 7 years of postpartum. Methods This nationwide population-based study of deliveries in 2007 and 2008 with a follow-up of 7 years was based on data from the French medico-administrative database. Two groups were formed: women with a history of GDM and women without GDM or previous diabetes. CVD included angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart bypass surgery, coronary angioplasty, carotid endarterectomy and fibrinolysis. Hypertensive disease was assessed separately. Determinants studied included age, obesity, subsequent diabetes mellitus and hypertensive diseases during pregnancy. Adjusted odds ratios for outcomes were calculated using multiple logistic regressions. Results The hospital database recorded 1,518,990 deliveries in 2007 and 2008. Among these, 62,958 women had a history of GDM. After adjusting for age, DM, obesity and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, GDM was significantly associated with a higher risk of CVD (adjusted Odds Ratio aOR = 1.25 [1.09–1.43]). Considering each variable in a separate model, GDM was associated with angina pectoris (aOR = 1.68 [1.29–2.20]), myocardial infarction (aOR = 1.92 [1.36–2.71]) and hypertension (aOR = 2.72 [2.58–2.88]) but not with stroke. Conclusions A history of GDM was identified as a risk factor of CVD, especially coronary vascular diseases, within the 7 years postpartum. A lifestyle changes from postpartum onwards can be recommended and supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Goueslard
- CHRU Dijon, Service de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale (DIM), Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France.
| | - Jonathan Cottenet
- CHRU Dijon, Service de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale (DIM), Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France.
| | - Anne-Sophie Mariet
- CHRU Dijon, Service de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale (DIM), Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France.
| | - Maurice Giroud
- Registre dijonnais des AVC, INSERM, INVS, EA4184, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France.
| | - Yves Cottin
- Service de Cardiologie, CHRU Dijon, 21000, Dijon, France.
| | - Jean-Michel Petit
- Centre de Recherche INSERM Unité 866, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France. .,Services de diabétologie et endocrinologie, CHRU Dijon, 21000, Dijon, France. .,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, BP 77908, 21079, Dijon Cedex, France.
| | - Catherine Quantin
- CHRU Dijon, Service de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale (DIM), Université de Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France. .,Clinical Investigation Center, clinical epidemiology/clinical trials unit, INSERM CIC 1432, Dijon University Hospital, 21000, Dijon, France. .,INSERM, UMR1181, Biostatistics, Biomathematics, Pharmacoepidemiology and Infectious Diseases (B2PHI), Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France.
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GUILLON J, RONGA L, MARCHIVIE M, MOREAU S. Crystal Structure of (<i>E</i>)-1-(3,4-Methylenedioxy-6-fluorophenyl)-2-nitropropene. X-RAY STRUCTURE ANALYSIS ONLINE 2016. [DOI: 10.2116/xraystruct.32.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean GUILLON
- Université de Bordeaux, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques
| | - Luisa RONGA
- Université de Bordeaux, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques
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