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Lessons to Learn from the Gut Microbiota: A Focus on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050865. [PMID: 35627250 PMCID: PMC9140531 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is able to modulate the development and homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) through the immune, circulatory, and neuronal systems. In turn, the CNS influences the gut microbiota through stress responses and at the level of the endocrine system. This bidirectional communication forms the “gut microbiota–brain axis” and has been postulated to play a role in the etiopathology of several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Numerous studies in animal models of ALS and in patients have highlighted the close communication between the immune system and the gut microbiota and, therefore, it is possible that alterations in the gut microbiota may have a direct impact on neuronal function and survival in ALS patients. Consequently, if the gut dysbiosis does indeed play a role in ALS-related neurodegeneration, nutritional immunomodulatory interventions based on probiotics, prebiotics, and/or postbiotics could emerge as innovative therapeutic strategies. This review aimed to shed light on the impact of the gut microbiota in ALS disease and on the use of potential nutritional interventions based on different types of biotics to ameliorate ALS symptoms.
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Calvo AC, Cibreiro GA, Merino PT, Roy JF, Galiana A, Rufián AJ, Cano JM, Martín MA, Moreno L, Larrodé P, Vázquez PC, Galán L, Mora J, Muñoz-Blanco JL, Muñoz MJ, Zaragoza P, Pegoraro E, Sorarù G, Mora M, Lunetta C, Penco S, Tarlarini C, Esteban J, Osta R, Redondo AG. Collagen XIX Alpha 1 Improves Prognosis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Aging Dis 2019; 10:278-292. [PMID: 31011479 PMCID: PMC6457048 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of more reliable diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), is urgently needed. The objective in this study was to identify more reliable prognostic biomarkers of ALS mirroring neurodegeneration that could be of help in clinical trials. A total of 268 participants from three cohorts were included in this study. The muscle and blood cohorts were analyzed in two cross-sectional studies, while the serial blood cohort was analyzed in a longitudinal study at 6-monthly intervals. Fifteen target genes and fourteen proteins involved in muscle physiology and differentiation, metabolic processes and neuromuscular junction dismantlement were studied in the three cohorts. In the muscle biopsy cohort, the risk for a higher mortality in an ALS patient that showed high Collagen type XIX, alpha 1 (COL19A1) protein levels and a fast progression of the disease was 70.5% (P < 0.05), while in the blood cohort, this risk was 20% (P < 0.01). In the serial blood cohort, the linear mixed model analysis showed a significant association between increasing COL19A1 gene levels along disease progression and a faster progression during the follow-up period of 24 months (P < 0.05). Additionally, higher COL19A1 levels and a faster progression increased 17.9% the mortality risk (P < 0.01). We provide new evidence that COL19A1 can be considered a prognostic biomarker that could help the selection of homogeneous groups of patients for upcoming clinical trial and may be pointed out as a promising therapeutic target in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Calvo
- 1LAGENBIO (Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry), Faculty of Veterinary-IIS, IA2-CITA, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gabriela Atencia Cibreiro
- 2Neurology Department, ALS Unit, CIBERER U-723, Health Research Institute, October 12th Hospital "IIS I+12", Madrid, Spain
| | - Paz Torre Merino
- 2Neurology Department, ALS Unit, CIBERER U-723, Health Research Institute, October 12th Hospital "IIS I+12", Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F Roy
- 3Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, NY 10461, USA
| | - Adrián Galiana
- 4Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Juárez Rufián
- 2Neurology Department, ALS Unit, CIBERER U-723, Health Research Institute, October 12th Hospital "IIS I+12", Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M Cano
- 5Orthopaedic Surgery Department, October 12th Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martín
- 6Grupo Enfermedades Mitocondriales y Neuromusculares, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), U723-CIBERER, Madrid, España
| | - Laura Moreno
- 1LAGENBIO (Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry), Faculty of Veterinary-IIS, IA2-CITA, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Larrodé
- 1LAGENBIO (Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry), Faculty of Veterinary-IIS, IA2-CITA, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Cordero Vázquez
- 2Neurology Department, ALS Unit, CIBERER U-723, Health Research Institute, October 12th Hospital "IIS I+12", Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Galán
- 7Neurology Department, ALS Unit, Clínico Universitario San Carlos Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Mora
- 8Neurology Department, ALS Unit, Carlos III Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Muñoz-Blanco
- 9Neurology Department, ALS Unit, Health Research Institute, Gregorio Marañón Hospital "IISGM", Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Muñoz
- 1LAGENBIO (Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry), Faculty of Veterinary-IIS, IA2-CITA, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Zaragoza
- 1LAGENBIO (Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry), Faculty of Veterinary-IIS, IA2-CITA, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena Pegoraro
- 10Neurological Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gianni Sorarù
- 10Neurological Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marina Mora
- 11Muscle Cell Biology Laboratory, Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Christian Lunetta
- 12NEMO (NEuroMuscular Omnicentre) Clinical Center, Fondazione Serena Onlus, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Penco
- 13Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Tarlarini
- 13Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Jesús Esteban
- 2Neurology Department, ALS Unit, CIBERER U-723, Health Research Institute, October 12th Hospital "IIS I+12", Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Osta
- 1LAGENBIO (Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry), Faculty of Veterinary-IIS, IA2-CITA, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alberto García Redondo
- 2Neurology Department, ALS Unit, CIBERER U-723, Health Research Institute, October 12th Hospital "IIS I+12", Madrid, Spain
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Prognostic Factors in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Population-Based Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141500. [PMID: 26517122 PMCID: PMC4627754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the prognostic factors associated with survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis at diagnosis. Methods This retrospective population-based study evaluated 218 patients treated with riluzole between 2005 and 2014 and described their clinical and demographic profiles after the analysis of clinical data and records from the mortality information system in the Federal District, Brazil. Cox multivariate regression analysis was conducted for the parameters found. Results The study sample consisted of 132 men and 86 women with a mean age at disease onset of 57.2±12.3 years; 77.6% of them were Caucasian. The mean periods between disease onset and diagnosis were 22.7 months among men and 23.5 months among women, and the mean survival periods were 45.7±47.0 months among men and 39.3±29.8 months among women. In addition, 80.3% patients presented non-bulbar-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and 19.7% presented bulbar-onset. Cox regression analysis indicated worse prognosis for body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2 (relative risk [RR]: 3.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44–8.86), age >75 years (RR: 12.47, 95% CI: 3.51–44.26), and bulbar-onset (RR: 4.56, 95% CI: 2.06–10.12). Electromyography did not confirm the diagnosis in 55.6% of the suspected cases and in 27.9% of the bulbar-onset cases. Conclusions The factors associated with lower survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis were age >75 years, BMI <25 kg/m2, and bulbar-onset.
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