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Abdolahinia ED, Golestani S, Seif S, Afra N, Aflatoonian K, Jalalian A, Valizadeh N, Abdollahinia ED. A review of the therapeutic potential of dental stem cells as scaffold-free models for tissue engineering application. Tissue Cell 2024; 86:102281. [PMID: 38070384 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of regenerative medicine, tissue engineering has introduced innovative approaches to facilitate tissue regeneration. Specifically, in pulp tissue engineering, both scaffold-based and scaffold-free techniques have been applied. Relevant articles were meticulously chosen from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases through a comprehensive search spanning from October 2022 to December 2022. Despite the inherent limitations of scaffolding, including inadequate mechanical strength for hard tissues, insufficient vents for vessel penetration, immunogenicity, and suboptimal reproducibility-especially with natural polymeric scaffolds-scaffold-free tissue engineering has garnered significant attention. This methodology employs three-dimensional (3D) cell aggregates such as spheroids and cell sheets with extracellular matrix, facilitating precise regeneration of target tissues. The choice of technique aside, stem cells play a pivotal role in tissue engineering, with dental stem cells emerging as particularly promising resources. Their pluripotent nature, non-invasive extraction process, and unique properties render them highly suitable for scaffold-free tissue engineering. This study delves into the latest advancements in leveraging dental stem cells and scaffold-free techniques for the regeneration of various tissues. This paper offers a comprehensive summary of recent developments in the utilization of dental stem cells and scaffold-free methods for tissue generation. It explores the potential of these approaches to advance tissue engineering and their effectiveness in therapies aimed at tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Oral Science and Translation Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States.
| | - Shayan Golestani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan ( Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Seif
- Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Narges Afra
- Faculty of Dentistry, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandarabbas, Iran
| | - Khotan Aflatoonian
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Jalalian
- Faculty of Dentistry, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Valizadeh
- Chemistry Department, Sciences Faculty, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Dalir Abdollahinia
- Fellowship of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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Nasiri K, Jahri M, Kolahdouz S, Soleimani M, Makiya A, Saini RS, Merza MS, Yasamineh S, Banakar M, Yazdanpanah MH. MicroRNAs Function in Dental Stem Cells as a Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Dental Diseases. Mol Diagn Ther 2023; 27:703-722. [PMID: 37773247 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-023-00675-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Undifferentiated, highly proliferative, clonogenic, and self-renewing dental stem cells have paved the way for novel approaches to mending cleft palates, rebuilding lost jawbone and periodontal tissue, and, most significantly, recreating lost teeth. New treatment techniques may be guided by a better understanding of these cells and their potential in terms of the specificity of the regenerative response. MicroRNAs have been recognized as an essential component in stem cell biology due to their role as epigenetic regulators of the processes that determine stem cell destiny. MicroRNAs have been proven to be crucial in a wide variety of molecular and biological processes, including apoptosis, cell proliferation, migration, and necrocytosis. MicroRNAs have been recognized to control protein translation, messenger RNA stability, and transcription and have been reported to play essential roles in dental stem cell biology, including the differentiation of dental stem cells, the immunological response, apoptosis, and the inflammation of the dental pulp. Because microRNAs increase dental stem cell differentiation, they may be used in regenerative medicine to either preserve the stem cell phenotype or to aid in the development of tooth tissue. The development of novel biomarkers and therapies for dental illnesses relies heavily on progress made in our knowledge of the roles played by microRNAs in regulating dental stem cells. In this article, we discuss how dental stem cells and their associated microRNAs may be used to cure dental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Nasiri
- Department of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jahri
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Makiya
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ravinder S Saini
- COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muna S Merza
- Prosthetic Dental Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, 51001, Iraq
| | - Saman Yasamineh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Banakar
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
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Yu H, Habibi M, Motamedi K, Semirumi DT, Ghorbani A. Utilizing stem cells in reconstructive treatments for sports injuries: An innovative approach. Tissue Cell 2023; 83:102152. [PMID: 37451009 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Orthopedic tissue engineering is a rapidly evolving field that holds great promise for the reconstruction and natural repair of bone and joint tissues. Bone loss, fractures, and joint degeneration are common problems that can result from a variety of pathological conditions, and their restoration and replacement are essential not only for functional purposes but also for improving the quality of life for patients. However, current methods rely heavily on artificial materials that can potentially lead to further tissue damage, making tissue engineering a highly attractive alternative. This innovative approach involves the utilization of stem cells (SCs), which are seeded onto a scaffold to form a biological complex. Among these SCs, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) extracted from bone marrow and adipose tissue have shown immense potential for bone and joint tissue regeneration. The success of orthopedic tissue engineering is contingent on the careful selection of appropriate scaffolds and inducing molecules, which play a critical role in carrying and supporting cells and inducing their differentiation. This review article comprehensively analyzes the three vital aspects of orthopedic tissue engineering - SCs, scaffolds, and inducing molecules - in order to provide a deeper understanding of this emerging field and its potential for the future of orthopedic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Yu
- Physical Education Department, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen 448000, Hubei, China.
| | - M Habibi
- Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - K Motamedi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - D T Semirumi
- Department of Biomaterials, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - A Ghorbani
- Biotechnology Department, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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Namjoynik A, Islam MA, Islam M. Evaluating the efficacy of human dental pulp stem cells and scaffold combination for bone regeneration in animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:132. [PMID: 37189187 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03357-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human adult dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) hold promise in bone regeneration for their easy accessibility, high proliferation rate, self-renewal and osteogenic differentiation capacity. Various organic and inorganic scaffold materials were pre-seeded with human dental pulp stem cells in animals, with promising outcomes in new bone formation. Nevertheless, the clinical trial for bone regeneration using dental pulp stem cells is still in its infancy. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to synthesise the evidence of the efficacy of human dental pulp stem cells and the scaffold combination for bone regeneration in animal bone defect models. METHODOLOGY This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD2021274976), and PRISMA guideline was followed to include the relevant full-text papers using exclusion and inclusion criteria. Data were extracted for the systematic review. Quality assessment and the risk of bias were also carried out using the CAMARADES tool. Quantitative bone regeneration data of the experimental (scaffold + hDPSC/SHED) and the control (scaffold-only) groups were also extracted for meta-analysis. RESULTS Forty-nine papers were included for systematic review and only 27 of them were qualified for meta-analysis. 90% of the included papers were assessed as medium to low risk. In the meta-analysis, qualified studies were grouped by the unit of bone regeneration measurement. Overall, bone regeneration was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in experimental group (scaffold + hDPSC/SHED) compared to the control group (scaffold-only) (SMD: 1.863, 95% CI 1.121-2.605). However, the effect is almost entirely driven by the % new bone formation group (SMD: 3.929, 95% CI 2.612-5.246) while % BV/TV (SMD: 2.693, 95% CI - 0.001-5.388) shows a marginal effect. Dogs and hydroxyapatite-containing scaffolds have the highest capacity in % new bone formation in response to human DPSC/SHED. The funnel plot exhibits no apparent asymmetry representing a lack of remarkable publication bias. Sensitivity analysis also indicated that the results generated in this meta-analysis are robust and reliable. CONCLUSION This is the first synthesised evidence showing that human DPSCs/SHED and scaffold combination enhanced bone regeneration highly significantly compared to the cell-free scaffold irrespective of scaffold type and animal species used. So, dental pulp stem cells could be a promising tool for treating various bone diseases, and more clinical trials need to be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of dental pulp stem cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Namjoynik
- School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HR, Scotland, UK
| | - Md Asiful Islam
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mohammad Islam
- School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HR, Scotland, UK.
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EzEldeen M, Moroni L, Nejad ZM, Jacobs R, Mota C. Biofabrication of engineered dento-alveolar tissue. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 148:213371. [PMID: 36931083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Oral health is essential for a good overall health. Dento-alveolar conditions have a high prevalence, ranging from tooth decay periodontitis to alveolar bone resorption. However, oral tissues exhibit a limited regenerative capacity, and full recovery is challenging. Therefore, regenerative therapies for dento-alveolar tissue (e.g., alveolar bone, periodontal membrane, dentin-pulp complex) have gained much attention, and novel approaches have been proposed in recent decades. This review focuses on the cells, biomaterials and the biofabrication methods used to develop therapies for tooth root bioengineering. Examples of the techniques covered are the multitude of additive manufacturing techniques and bioprinting approaches used to create scaffolds or tissue constructs. Furthermore, biomaterials and stem cells utilized during biofabrication will also be described for different target tissues. As these new therapies gradually become a reality in the lab, the translation to the clinic is still minute, with a further need to overcome multiple challenges and broaden the clinical application of these alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa EzEldeen
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven and Paediatric Dentistry and Special Dental Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Institute for Technology-inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Zohre Mousavi Nejad
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Nanotechnology and Advance Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, P.O. Box: 31787-316, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlos Mota
- Institute for Technology-inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Loukelis K, Machla F, Bakopoulou A, Chatzinikolaidou M. Kappa-Carrageenan/Chitosan/Gelatin Scaffolds Provide a Biomimetic Microenvironment for Dentin-Pulp Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076465. [PMID: 37047438 PMCID: PMC10094618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the impact of kappa-carrageenan on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) behavior in terms of biocompatibility and odontogenic differentiation potential when it is utilized as a component for the production of 3D sponge-like scaffolds. For this purpose, we prepared three types of scaffolds by freeze-drying (i) kappa-carrageenan/chitosan/gelatin enriched with KCl (KCG-KCl) as a physical crosslinker for the sulfate groups of kappa-carrageenan, (ii) kappa-carrageenan/chitosan/gelatin (KCG) and (iii) chitosan/gelatin (CG) scaffolds as a control. The mechanical analysis illustrated a significantly higher elastic modulus of the cell-laden scaffolds compared to the cell-free ones after 14 and 28 days with values ranging from 25 to 40 kPa, showing an increase of 27-36%, with the KCG-KCl scaffolds indicating the highest and CG the lowest values. Cell viability data showed a significant increase from days 3 to 7 and up to day 14 for all scaffold compositions. Significantly increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity has been observed over time in all three scaffold compositions, while the KCG-KCl scaffolds indicated significantly higher calcium production after 21 and 28 days compared to the CG control. The gene expression analysis of the odontogenic markers DSPP, ALP and RunX2 revealed a two-fold higher upregulation of DSPP in KCG-KCl scaffolds at day 14 compared to the other two compositions. A significant increase of the RunX2 expression between days 7 and 14 was observed for all scaffolds, with a significantly higher increase of at least twelve-fold for the kappa-carrageenan containing scaffolds, which exhibited an earlier ALP gene expression compared to the CG. Our results demonstrate that the integration of kappa-carrageenan in scaffolds significantly enhanced the odontogenic potential of DPSCs and supports dentin-pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Loukelis
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Foteini Machla
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athina Bakopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas-Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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Tayanloo-Beik A, Nikkhah A, Roudsari PP, Aghayan H, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Nasli-Esfahani E, Mafi AR, Nikandish M, Shouroki FF, Arjmand B, Larijani B. Application of Biocompatible Scaffolds in Stem-Cell-Based Dental Tissue Engineering. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1409:83-110. [PMID: 35999347 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering as an important field in regenerative medicine is a promising therapeutic approach to replace or regenerate injured tissues. It consists of three vital steps including the selection of suitable cells, formation of 3d scaffolds, and adding growth factors. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are mentioned as two main sources for this approach that have been used for the treatment of various types of disorders. However, the main focus of literature in the field of dental tissue engineering is on utilizing MSCs. On the other hand, biocompatible scaffolds play a notable role in this regenerative process which is mentioned to be harmless with acceptable osteoinductivity. Their ability in inhibiting inflammatory responses also makes them powerful tools. Indeed, stem cell functions should be supported by biomaterials acting as scaffolds incorporated with biological signals. Naturally derived polymeric scaffolds and synthetically engineered polymeric/ceramic scaffolds are two main types of scaffolds regarding their materials that are defined further in this review. Various strategies of tissue bioengineering can affect the regeneration of dentin-pulp complex, periodontium regeneration, and whole teeth bioengineering. In this regard, in vivo/ex vivo experimental models have been developed recently in order to perform preclinical studies of dental tissue engineering which make it more transferable to be used for clinic uses. This review summarizes dental tissue engineering through its different components. Also, strategies of tissue bioengineering and experimental models are introduced in order to provide a perspective of the potential roles of dental tissue engineering to be used for clinical aims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Tayanloo-Beik
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Nikkhah
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyvand Parhizkar Roudsari
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Aghayan
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ensieh Nasli-Esfahani
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Rezazadeh Mafi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shaheed Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nikandish
- AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA- CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fazeli Shouroki
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Samiei M, Dalir Abdollahinia E, Amiryaghoubi N, Fathi M, Barar J, Omidi Y. Injectable thermosensitive chitosan/gelatin hydrogel for dental pulp stem cells proliferation and differentiation. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2023; 13:63-72. [PMID: 36816999 PMCID: PMC9923811 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2022.23904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds based on natural polymers such as gelatin and chitosan (CS) provide suitable microenvironments in dental tissue engineering. In the present study, we report on the synthesis of injectable thermosensitive hydrogel (PNIPAAm-g-CS copolymer/gelatin hybrid hydrogel) for osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methods: The CS-g-PNIPAAm was synthesized using the reaction of carboxyl terminated PNIPAAm with CS, which was then mixed with various amounts of gelatin solution in the presence of genipin as a chemical crosslinker to gain a homogenous solution. The chemical composition and microstructures of the fabricated hydrogels were confirmed by FT-IR and SEM analysis, respectively. To evaluate the mechanical properties (e.g., storage and loss modulus of the gels), the rheological analysis was considered. Calcium deposition and ALP activity of DPSCs were carried out using alizarin red staining and ALP test. While the live/dead assay was performed to study its toxicity, the real-time PCR was conducted to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs cultured on prepared hydrogels. Results: The hydrogels with higher gelatin incorporation showed a slightly looser network compared to the other ones. The hydrogel with less gelatin indicates a rather higher value of G', indicating a higher elasticity due to more crosslinking reaction of amine groups of CS via a covalent bond with genipin. All the hydrogels contained viable cells with negligible dead cells, indicating the high biocompatibility of the prepared hydrogels for hDPSCs. The quantitative results of alizarin red staining displayed a significant rise in calcium deposition in hDPSCs cultured on prepared hydrogels after 21 days. Further, hDPSCs cultured on hydrogel with more gelatin displayed the most ALP activity. The expression of late osteogenic genes such as OCN and BMP-2 were respectively 6 and 4 times higher on the hydrogel with more gelatin than the control group after 21 days. Conclusion: The prepared PNIPAAm-g-CS copolymer/gelatin hybrid hydrogel presented great features (e.g., porous structure, suitable rheological behavior, and improved cell viability), and resulted in osteogenic differentiation necessary for dental tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Samiei
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Dalir Abdollahinia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazanin Amiryaghoubi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Fathi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Corresponding authors: Marziyeh Fathi, ; Yadollah Omidi,
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA,Corresponding authors: Marziyeh Fathi, ; Yadollah Omidi,
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Rahman FA, Lin CS, Qing CY, Ying CC, Vien CY, Wei CT. Knowledge, Awareness and Perception of Dental Stem Cell and Their Applications in Regenerative Medicine Among Professional Groups. Open Dent J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18742106-v16-e2207130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:
Dental stem cell research has become an important field in regenerative medicine. Nevertheless, the depth of knowledge and awareness of dental stem cells remain vague among the professional groups in Malaysia. The objective of this study is to assess the level of knowledge and awareness of professional groups in Malaysia on dental stem cells and their applications in regenerative medicine.
Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional survey was implemented using online and hard-copy questionnaires that was distributed among medical doctors, scientists, and dentists to assess the level of knowledge and awareness (n=157). The questionnaire consists of 3 sections consisting of demographics, knowledge assessment and perception among the professional groups. The data were analysed using SPSS analysis.
Results:
Results showed that professional groups in Malaysia were knowledgeable and aware of dental stem cells and their application. Majority of the respondents were dentists (41.91%), followed by medical doctors (35.29%) and scientists (22.79%). 50.74% of respondents were unsure about the similar characteristics between dental stem cells (DSCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). Most respondents were aware of the derivation of DSCs from pulp and periodontal ligament (PDL) tissues (77.21%) and that DSCs are considered an adult stem cell source (51.11%). Most respondents were familiar with the characteristics of DSCs. They were aware that DSCs have the unique ability to self-renew and differentiate into trilineage differentiation (69.12%). They agreed that DSCs are an excellent cell resource for therapeutic approaches to neural repair and regeneration (63.24%). 63.24% of the respondents demonstrated a positive outcome for dental stem cell research. 59.56% of them would be willing to donate their extracted teeth for research. About 56.62% of respondents would conserve their teeth in stem cell banks and 52.94% are interested in investing in the stem cell industry.
Conclusion:
A high level of perception and awareness about dental stem cells and its application was noted among professional groups in Malaysia. They are supportive and willing to invest for dental stem cell research.
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In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Effects of TEES-10®, a Mixture of Ethanol Extracts of Ligularia stenocephala Matsum. & Koidz. and Secale cereale L. Sprout, on Gingivitis and Periodontitis. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:dj10080143. [PMID: 36005241 PMCID: PMC9406350 DOI: 10.3390/dj10080143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gingivitis and periodontitis are inflammatory disorders caused by dental plaque and calculus. These disorders often lead to tooth loss if not treated properly. Although antibiotics can be used, it is hard to treat them due to the difficulty in supplying effective doses of antibiotics to lesion areas and side effects associated with long-term use of antibiotics. In the present study, attempts were made to provide in vitro and in vivo evidence to support anti-inflammatory activities of TEES-10®, a mixture of ethanol extracts of Ligularia stenocephala (LSE) and Secale cereale L. sprout (SCSE) toward gingivitis and periodontitis by performing the following experiments. TEES-10® with a ratio of 6:4 (LSE:SCSE) showed the best effects in both stimulating the viability and inhibiting the cytotoxicity. In in vitro experiments, TEES-10® showed an ability to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and superoxide radicals and remove ROS generated in periodontal ligament cells treated with lipopolysaccharide. TEES-10® also enhanced the viability of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth and stimulated the osteogenic differentiation of deciduous teeth cells. In in vivo experiments using rats with induced periodontitis, TEES-10® significantly decreased inflammatory cell infiltration and the numbers of osteoclasts, increased alveolar process volume and the numbers of osteoblasts, decreased serum levels of IL-1β and TNF-α (pro-inflammatory cytokines), and increased serum levels of IL-10 and IL-13 (anti-inflammatory cytokines). These results strongly support the theory that TEES-10® has the potential to be developed as a health functional food that can treat and prevent gingival and periodontal diseases and improve dental health.
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Nel S, Durandt C, Murdoch C, Pepper MS. Determinants of Dental Pulp Stem Cell Heterogeneity. J Endod 2022; 48:1232-1240. [PMID: 35809811 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this review is to provide a narrative review on the determinants of dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) heterogeneity that may affect the regenerative properties of these cells. METHODS PubMed, Scopus and Medline (Ovid) literature searches were done on human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSC) heterogeneity. The focus was on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) with a primary focus on DPSC heterogeneity. RESULTS DPSCs display significant heterogeneity as illustrated by the various subpopulations reported, including differences in proliferation and differentiation capabilities and the impact of various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. CONCLUSIONS The lack of consistent and reliable results in the clinical setting may be due to the heterogeneous nature of DPSC populations. Standardization in isolation techniques and in criteria to characterize DPSCs should lead to less variability in results reported and improve comparison of findings between studies. Single-cell RNA sequencing holds promise in elucidating DPSC heterogeneity and may contribute to the establishment of standardized techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulette Nel
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Chrisna Durandt
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine (ICMM), Department of Immunology, and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Candice Murdoch
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine (ICMM), Department of Immunology, and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Michael S Pepper
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine (ICMM), Department of Immunology, and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
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12
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Cho YD, Kim KH, Lee YM, Ku Y, Seol YJ. Dental-derived cells for regenerative medicine: stem cells, cell reprogramming, and transdifferentiation. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2022; 52:437-454. [PMID: 36468465 PMCID: PMC9807848 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2103760188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells have been a popular research topic in regenerative medicine owing to their pluripotency and applicability. However, due to the difficulty in harvesting them and their low yield efficiency, advanced cell reprogramming technology has been introduced as an alternative. Dental stem cells have entered the spotlight due to their regenerative potential and their ability to be obtained from biological waste generated after dental treatment. Cell reprogramming, a process of reverting mature somatic cells into stem cells, and transdifferentiation, a direct conversion between different cell types without induction of a pluripotent state, have helped overcome the shortcomings of stem cells and raised interest in their regenerative potential. Furthermore, the potential of these cells to return to their original cell types due to their epigenetic memory has reinforced the need to control the epigenetic background for successful management of cellular differentiation. Herein, we discuss all available sources of dental stem cells, the procedures used to obtain these cells, and their ability to differentiate into the desired cells. We also introduce the concepts of cell reprogramming and transdifferentiation in terms of genetics and epigenetics, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA. Finally, we discuss a novel therapeutic avenue for using dental-derived cells as stem cells, and explain cell reprogramming and transdifferentiation, which are used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Dan Cho
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Hwa Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Moo Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ku
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang-Jo Seol
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Potential of Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Maxillofacial and Periodontal Regeneration: A Narrative Review. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:4759492. [PMID: 34795761 PMCID: PMC8594991 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4759492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are one of the most widely studied postnatal stem cell populations and are considered to utilize more frequently in cell-based therapy and cancer. These types of stem cells can undergo multilineage differentiation including blood cells, cardiac cells, and osteogenic cells differentiation, thus providing an alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for tissue engineering and personalized medicine. Despite the ability to reprogram human adult somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in culture which provided a great opportunity and opened the new door for establishing the in vitro disease modeling and generating an unlimited source for cell base therapy, using MSCs for regeneration purposes still have a great chance to cure diseases. In this review, we discuss the important issues in MSCs biology including the origin and functions of MSCs and their application for craniofacial and periodontal tissue regeneration, discuss the potential and clinical applications of this type of stem cells in differentiation to maxillofacial bone and cartilage in vitro, and address important future hopes and challenges in this field.
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14
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Microstructured Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel for Tooth Germ Bioengineering. Gels 2021; 7:gels7030123. [PMID: 34449604 PMCID: PMC8395742 DOI: 10.3390/gels7030123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth loss has been found to adversely affect not just masticatory and speech functions, but also psychological health and quality of life. Currently, teeth replacement options include dentures, bridges, and implants. However, these artificial replacement options remain inferior to biological replacements due to their reduced efficiency, the need for replacements, and the risk of immunological rejection. To this end, there has been a heightened interest in the bioengineering of teeth in recent years. While there have been reports of successfully regenerated teeth, controlling the size and shape of bioengineered teeth remains a challenge. In this study, methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA) was synthesized and microstructured in a hydrogel microwell array using soft lithography. The resulting MeHA hydrogel microwell scaffold resembles the shape of a naturally developing human tooth germ. To facilitate the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, human adult low calcium high temperature (HaCaT) cells were seeded on the surface of the hydrogels and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were encapsulated inside the hydrogels. It was found that hydrogel scaffolds were able to preserve the viability of both types of cells and they appeared to favor signaling between epithelial and mesenchymal cells, which is necessary in the promotion of cell proliferation. As such, the hydrogel scaffolds offer a promising system for the bioengineering of human tooth germs in vitro.
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15
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Samiei M, Fathi M, Barar J, Fathi N, Amiryaghoubi N, Omidi Y. Bioactive hydrogel-based scaffolds for the regeneration of dental pulp tissue. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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de Almeida SA, Ferracane JL, da Silva EM, Mushashe AM, Merritt J, Rocha AA, Noronha-Filho JD, de Almeida RV, Poskus LT. Antimicrobial potential of resin matrices loaded with coffee compounds. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 109:428-435. [PMID: 32964641 PMCID: PMC8244821 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the biological behavior of the coffee compounds Trigonelline (T), chlorogenic acid (C), and nicotinic acid (N), correlating with their release from a resin matrix. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans UA159, and cytotoxicity was assessed by methyl tetrazolium salt on OD-21 cells. Resin matrices (bisphenol A-glycidyl-dimethacrylate/triethylene glycol-dimethacrylate 70/30 wt%, camphorquinone/ethyl 4-dimethyl aminobenzoate 0.5/1 wt%) were doped with coffee compounds in different concentrations (10/20/30/40/50 wt%), performing 15 groups (T10-T50, C10-C50, N10-N50), and a control group with no coffee compound. Degree of conversion (DC%) was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Antimicrobial properties were evaluated by bioluminescence (Luciferase assay). The release from loaded matrices was analyzed over time (24 hr, 6, 14, 21 and 28 days), using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data were submitted to ANOVA/Tukey's test (α = 0.05). MIC for T and C was 6 mg/ml, and 4 mg/ml for N. None of them were cytotoxic. Only T50 and C50 showed lower DC% than control (α < 0.05). Some groups (T30/T40/T50/C40/C50/N50) were strongly antimicrobial, reducing bacterial activity approximately five times compared to control (α < 0.05). For T30, T40, T50, C40, and C50, the HPLC showed a release above or closer to MIC values mainly in 24 hr, but for N50, up to 28 days. In conclusion, the coffee compounds presented antimicrobial activity, depending on their concentration when added in resin matrices, being found a correlation with their release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A de Almeida
- Labiom-R (Analytical Laboratory of Restorative Biomaterials), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jack L Ferracane
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Eduardo M da Silva
- Labiom-R (Analytical Laboratory of Restorative Biomaterials), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amanda M Mushashe
- School of Health Sciences, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, Puerto Rico, Brazil
| | - Justin Merritt
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Anderson A Rocha
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jaime D Noronha-Filho
- Labiom-R (Analytical Laboratory of Restorative Biomaterials), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rayane V de Almeida
- Labiom-R (Analytical Laboratory of Restorative Biomaterials), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Laiza T Poskus
- Labiom-R (Analytical Laboratory of Restorative Biomaterials), Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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17
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Soudi A, Yazdanian M, Ranjbar R, Tebyanian H, Yazdanian A, Tahmasebi E, Keshvad A, Seifalian A. Role and application of stem cells in dental regeneration: A comprehensive overview. EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:454-489. [PMID: 33746673 PMCID: PMC7975587 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-3335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a growing attention has been observed toward potential advantages of stem cell (SC)-based therapies in regenerative treatments. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are now considered excellent candidates for tissue replacement therapies and tissue engineering. Autologous MSCs importantly contribute to the state-of-the-art clinical strategies for SC-based alveolar bone regeneration. The donor cells and immune cells play a prominent role in determining the clinical success of MSCs therapy. In line with the promising future that stem cell therapy has shown for tissue engineering applications, dental stem cells have also attracted the attention of the relevant researchers in recent years. The current literature review aims to survey the variety and extension of SC-application in tissue-regenerative dentistry. In this regard, the relevant English written literature was searched using keywords: "tissue engineering", "stem cells", "dental stem cells", and "dentistry strategies". According to the available database, SCs application has become increasingly widespread because of its accessibility, plasticity, and high proliferative ability. Among the growing recognized niches and tissues containing higher SCs, dental tissues are evidenced to be rich sources of MSCs. According to the literature, dental SCs are mostly present in the dental pulp, periodontal ligament, and dental follicle tissues. In this regard, the present review has described the recent findings on the potential of dental stem cells to be used in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Soudi
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Yazdanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ranjbar
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Tebyanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Yazdanian
- Department of Veterinary, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Tahmasebi
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Keshvad
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre (Ltd), The London Bioscience Innovation Centre, London, UK
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18
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Subba TA, Talwar A, Anegundi RV, Ashok K, Ramesh A, Thomas B. Knowledge, Awareness, Attitude, and Opinion about Application of Dental Stem Cells: A Dental School-Based Questionnaire Study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES NU 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1724135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge, awareness, attitude, and opinion concerning dental stem cells among faculty, postgraduates, and interns in a dental school.
Materials and Methods A questionnaire consisting of 12 questions was circulated among the 150 participants (50 faculty, 50 postgraduate students, and 50 interns). A questionnaire was prepared that could assess the basic knowledge on stem cells (dental) based on similar previous studies. The questionnaire data were entered by the investigator in Microsoft Excel 2010 on a corresponding day. Using Predictive Analytics Tools (Version 18), the analysis was done. Probability ratios by Pearson were used to analyze the application of knowledge, perception regarding stem cells.
Results The survey participants consisted of ~73% of females and 27% of males. Most of the participants have come across the term stem cells and thought that only pulp stem cells signified the only source of dental stem cells. The majority of the participants pointed out the anticipated high cost to be the biggest obstacle to a patient accepting regenerative dental treatment by stem cells.
Conclusion This study reveals a good level of knowledge among dental professionals, and it also showed the need to develop more awareness about the advancements in applications and banking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarona Azem Subba
- Department of Periodontics, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be) University, Derlakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Avaneendra Talwar
- Department of Periodontics, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be) University, Derlakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghavendra Vamsi Anegundi
- Department of Periodontics, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be) University, Derlakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Karishma Ashok
- Department of Periodontics, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be) University, Derlakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Amitha Ramesh
- Department of Periodontics, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be) University, Derlakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Biju Thomas
- Department of Periodontics, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte (Deemed to be) University, Derlakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
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Ahmed GM, Abouauf EA, AbuBakr N, Elarab AE, Fawzy El-Sayed K. Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineering for Functional Enamel and Dentin/Pulp Complex: A Potential Alternative to the Restorative Therapies. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77052-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Abdal-Wahab M, Abdel Ghaffar KA, Ezzatt OM, Hassan AAA, El Ansary MMS, Gamal AY. Regenerative potential of cultured gingival fibroblasts in treatment of periodontal intrabony defects (randomized clinical and biochemical trial). J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:441-452. [PMID: 32080858 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defective cellular elements constitute an important challenge to achieve predictable periodontal regeneration. In an attempt to improve the cellularity of periodontal defects, gingival fibroblasts were implanted without their associated extracellular elements in periodontal defects to expose them to periodontal tissue mediators. In order to investigate the regenerative potential of gingival fibroblasts translocated into periodontal defects, the present study was designed to clinically and biochemically investigate the use of gingival fibroblasts (GF) and their associated mesenchymal stem cells (GMSC) in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects. METHODS A total of 20 subjects were randomly divided into two groups (n = 20). Group I: ten patients were included with ten intrabony periodontal defects that received β-calcium triphosphate (β-TCP) followed by collagen membrane defect coverage, while group II: (10 patients) ten periodontal defects received cultured gingival fibroblasts (GF) on the β-TCP scaffold and covered by a collagen membrane. The clinical evaluation was carried out at the beginning and at 6 months. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected directly from the test sites for the quantitative measurement of PDGF-BB and BMP-2 using the ELISA kit at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery. RESULTS Group II reported a significantly greater reduction in vertical pocket depth (VPD) and CAL gain compared with group I after 6 months. Radiographic bone gain was statistically higher in group II compared with group I. A significantly higher concentration of PDGF-BB was observed in group II on days 1, 3, and 7 compared with group I. CONCLUSIONS Translocation of gingival fibroblasts from gingival tissue to periodontal defects could be a promising option that increases cellular elements with regeneration potential. The concept of total isolation of gingival fibroblasts using occlusive membranes must be re-evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahetab Abdal-Wahab
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ola M Ezzatt
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ahmed Y Gamal
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Nahda University, Cairo, Egypt
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21
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Alhadlaq A, Al-Maflehi N, Alzahrani S, AlAssiri A. Assessment of knowledge and attitude toward stem cells and their implications in dentistry among recent graduates of dental schools in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Dent J 2018; 31:66-75. [PMID: 30705571 PMCID: PMC6349953 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the knowledge and attitude level of recent dental graduates in Saudi Arabia toward stem cells and their potential therapeutic applications. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was distributed among 606 recent graduates from 14 dental schools in Saudi Arabia. Fifteen statements were formulated to address the knowledge component with “yes” or “no” or “I do not know” answer and 10 statements were designed to assess the attitude level with Likert 5-point response scale. The level of knowledge for each respondent was designated as poor if the score value is (0–5), moderate (6–10), and high (11–15). To evaluate the attitude level for each respondent, a score of (1) was assigned for extremely negative answer and (5) for extremely positive answer for each statement. Based on the total score, attitude level was considered poor when the score value is (10–29), moderately positive (30–39), good (40–44), or excellent (45–50). Results Significant difference was found in the knowledge score between males and females (p = 0.004). Both males and females showed poor knowledge with a mean score of 5.06 ± 2.5 and 5.63 ± 2.4, respectively. There was an overall moderately positive attitude of participants toward stem cells and their therapeutic applications with a mean value of 33.15 ± 5.92 with no significant difference between males and females (p = 0.53). A significant positive linear correlation was detected between knowledge and attitude for both males (r = 0.323, p = 0.00) and females (r = 0.392, p = 0.00). Conclusion Updating dental curricula with topics on stem cell research and potential future applications in dentistry is demanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Alhadlaq
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nassr Al-Maflehi
- Department of Periodontics and Public Health, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleha Alzahrani
- Dental Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan AlAssiri
- Dental Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Ammar MM, Waly GH, Saniour SH, Moussa TA. Growth factor release and enhanced encapsulated periodontal stem cells viability by freeze-dried platelet concentrate loaded thermo-sensitive hydrogel for periodontal regeneration. Saudi Dent J 2018; 30:355-364. [PMID: 30202174 PMCID: PMC6128323 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontium regeneration is a highly challenging process as it requires the regeneration of three different tissues simultaneously. The aim of this study was to develop a composite material that can be easily applied and can sufficiently deliver essential growth factors and progenitor cells for periodontal tissue regeneration. Freeze-dried platelet concentrate (FDPC) was prepared and incorporated in a thermo-sensitive chitosan/β-glycerol phosphate (β-GP) hydrogel at concentrations of 5, 10, or 15 mg/ml. The viscosity of the hydrogels was investigated as the temperature rises from 25 °C to 37 °C and the release kinetics of transforming growth factor (TGF-β1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) were investigated at four time points (1 h, 1 day, 1 week, 2 weeks). Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were isolated from human third molars and encapsulated in the different hydrogel groups. Their viability was investigated after 7 days in culture in comparison to standard culture conditions and non FDPC-loaded hydrogel. Results showed that loading FDPC in the hydrogel lowered the initial viscosity in comparison to the unloaded control group and did not affect the sol-gel transition in any group. All FDPC-loaded hydrogel groups exhibited sustained release of TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB for two weeks with significant difference between the different concentrations. The loading of 10 and 15 mg/ml of FDPC in the hydrogel increased the PDLSCs viability significantly compared to the unloaded hydrogel and was comparable to the standard culture conditions. Accordingly, it may be concluded that loading FDPC in a chitosan/β-GP hydrogel can offer enhanced injectability, a sustained release of growth factors and increased viability of encapsulated stem cells which can be beneficial in periodontium tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Ammar
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University, Cairo, Egypt.,Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gihan H Waly
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sayed H Saniour
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Taheya A Moussa
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University, Cairo, Egypt.,Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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A High-Resolution Proteomic Landscaping of Primary Human Dental Stem Cells: Identification of SHED- and PDLSC-Specific Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010158. [PMID: 29304003 PMCID: PMC5796107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental stem cells (DSCs) have emerged as a promising tool for basic research and clinical practice. A variety of adult stem cell (ASC) populations can be isolated from different areas within the dental tissue, which, due to their cellular and molecular characteristics, could give rise to different outcomes when used in potential applications. In this study, we performed a high-throughput molecular comparison of two primary human adult dental stem cell (hADSC) sub-populations: Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth (SHEDs) and Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (PDLSCs). A detailed proteomic mapping of SHEDs and PDLSCs, via employment of nano-LC tandem-mass spectrometry (MS/MS) revealed 2032 identified proteins in SHEDs and 3235 in PDLSCs. In total, 1516 proteins were expressed in both populations, while 517 were unique for SHEDs and 1721 were exclusively expressed in PDLSCs. Further analysis of the recorded proteins suggested that SHEDs predominantly expressed molecules that are involved in organizing the cytoskeletal network, cellular migration and adhesion, whereas PDLSCs are highly energy-producing cells, vastly expressing proteins that are implicated in various aspects of cell metabolism and proliferation. Applying the Rho-GDI signaling pathway as a paradigm, we propose potential biomarkers for SHEDs and for PDLSCs, reflecting their unique features, properties and engaged molecular pathways.
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Qin W, Gao X, Ma T, Weir MD, Zou J, Song B, Lin Z, Schneider A, Xu HHK. Metformin Enhances the Differentiation of Dental Pulp Cells into Odontoblasts by Activating AMPK Signaling. J Endod 2018; 44:576-584. [PMID: 29306537 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metformin is a first-line drug for treating type 2 diabetes that regulates the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Its effects on human dental pulp cells (DPCs) remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of metformin on the proliferation and differentiation of DPCs. METHODS A live/dead viability assay kit was used to examine the effects of metformin on the cell viability of DPCs. Cell proliferation was analyzed using a cell counting kit (CCK-8; Dojindo, Tokyo, Japan). Levels of phosphorylated and unphosphorylated adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) were quantified by Western blot analysis in response to metformin and the AMPK signaling inhibitor Compound C (EMD Chemicals, San Diego, CA). The effects of Compound C on the metformin-induced odontoblast differentiation of DPCs were determined by alkaline phosphatase activity assay and von Kossa staining, and the expression of odontoblastic markers was evaluated by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. RESULTS DPCs exhibited mesenchymal stem cell characteristics using flow cytometry. Different doses of metformin were shown to be cytocompatible with DPCs, yielding >90% cell viability. None of the concentrations of metformin up to 50 μmol/L affected cell proliferation. The Western blot assay showed that DPCs express functional organic cation transporter 1, a transmembrane protein that mediates the intracellular uptake of metformin. Metformin significantly activated the AMPK pathway in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, it stimulated alkaline phosphatase activity; enhanced mineralized nodule formation; and increased the expression of odontoblastic markers including dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1, runt-related transcription factor 2, and osteocalcin. Moreover, pretreatment with Compound C, a specific AMPK inhibitor, markedly reversed metformin-induced odontoblastic differentiation and cell mineralization. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that metformin can induce DPC differentiation and mineralization in an AMPK-dependent manner and that this well-tolerated antidiabetic drug has potential in regenerative endodontics as well as in other regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Xianling Gao
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jing Zou
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bing Song
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Zhengmei Lin
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore County, Maryland.
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Reconstruction of Craniomaxillofacial Bone Defects Using Tissue-Engineering Strategies with Injectable and Non-Injectable Scaffolds. J Funct Biomater 2017; 8:jfb8040049. [PMID: 29156629 PMCID: PMC5748556 DOI: 10.3390/jfb8040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering craniofacial bone tissues is challenging due to their complex structures. Current standard autografts and allografts have many drawbacks for craniofacial bone tissue reconstruction; including donor site morbidity and the ability to reinstate the aesthetic characteristics of the host tissue. To overcome these problems; tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies have been developed as a potential way to reconstruct damaged bone tissue. Different types of new biomaterials; including natural polymers; synthetic polymers and bioceramics; have emerged to treat these damaged craniofacial bone tissues in the form of injectable and non-injectable scaffolds; which are examined in this review. Injectable scaffolds can be considered a better approach to craniofacial tissue engineering as they can be inserted with minimally invasive surgery; thus protecting the aesthetic characteristics. In this review; we also focus on recent research innovations with different types of stem-cell sources harvested from oral tissue and growth factors used to develop craniofacial bone tissue-engineering strategies.
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Mucuk G, Sepet E, Erguven M, Ekmekcı O, Bılır A. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 stimulates odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp-stem cells in vitro. Connect Tissue Res 2017; 58:531-541. [PMID: 27905856 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2016.1264395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-OH D3) plays an important role in mineralized tissue metabolism, including teeth. However, few studies have addressed its role in odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp-stem cells (hDPSCs). AIM This study aimed to understand the influence of various concentrations of 1,25-OH D3 on the proliferation capacity and early dentinogenesis responses of hDPSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS hDPSCs were obtained from the impacted third molar teeth. Monolayer cultured cells were incubated with a differentiation medium containing different concentrations of 1,25-OH D3 (0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 µM). All groups were evaluated by S-phase rate [immunohistochemical (IHC) bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) staining], STRO-1 and dentin sialoprotein (DSP)+ levels (IHC), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)) levels. RESULTS The number of cells that entered the S-phase was determined to be the highest and lowest in the control and 0.001 µM 1,25-OH D3 groups, respectively. The 0.1 µM vitamin D3 group had the highest increase in DSP+ levels. The highest Stro-1 levels were detected in the control and 0.1 µM 1,25-OH D3 groups, respectively. The 0.1 µM 1,25-OH D3 induced a mild increase in ALP activity. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that 1,25-OH D3 stimulated odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. The high DSP + cell number and a mild increase in ALP activity suggest that DPSCs treated with 0.1 μM 1,25-OH D3 are in the later stage of odontoblastic differentiation. The results confirm that 1,25-OH D3-added cocktail medium provides a sufficient microenvironment for the odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goksen Mucuk
- a Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry , Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Elif Sepet
- a Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry , Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Mine Erguven
- b Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine , Istanbul Aydın University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ekmekcı
- c Biochemistry Department, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine , Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Ayhan Bılır
- d Histology and Embryology Department, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine , Istanbul Aydın University , Istanbul , Turkey
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Meng Z, Chen G, Chen J, Yang B, Yu M, Feng L, Jiang Z, Guo W, Tian W. Tumorigenicity analysis of heterogeneous dental stem cells and its self-modification for chromosome instability. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:3396-407. [PMID: 26322910 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1036204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity demonstrates that stem cells are constituted by several sub-clones in various differentiation states. The heterogeneous state is maintained by cross-talk among sub-clones, thereby ensuring stem cell adaption. In this study, we investigated the roles of heterogeneity on genetic stability. Three sub-clones (DF2, DF8 and DF18) were isolated from heterogeneous dental stem cells (DSCs), and were proved to be chromosome instability (CIN) after long term expansion. Cell apoptosis were not detected in sub-clones, which exhibited strong tumorigenesis tendency, coupled with weak expression of p53 and aberrant ultra-structure. However, 3 sub-clones did not overexpress tumor related markers or induce tumorigenesis in vivo. The mixed-culture study suggested that 3-clone-mixed culturing cells (DF1) presented apparent decrease in the ratio of aneuploidy. The screening experiment further proved that 3 sub-clones functioned separately in this modification procedure but only mixed culturing all 3 sub-clones, simulated heterogeneous microenvironment, could achieve complete modification. Additionally, osteogenesis capability of 3 sub-clones was partially influenced by CIN while DSCs still kept stronger osteogenesis than sub-clones. These results suggested aberrant sub-clones isolated from heterogeneous DSCs were not tumorigenesis and could modify CIN by cross-talk among themselves, indicating that the heterogeneity played a key role in maintaining genetic stability and differentiation capability in dental stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaosong Meng
- a National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,c Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ; West China School of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
| | - Guoqing Chen
- a National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
| | - Jinlong Chen
- a National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,c Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ; West China School of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
| | - Bo Yang
- a National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,c Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ; West China School of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
| | - Mei Yu
- a National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
| | - Lian Feng
- a National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
| | - Zongting Jiang
- a National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
| | - Weihua Guo
- a National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,d Department of Pedodontics ; West China School of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
| | - Weidong Tian
- a National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,c Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ; West China School of Stomatology; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
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Kabir R, Gupta M, Aggarwal A, Sharma D, Sarin A, Kola MZ. Imperative role of dental pulp stem cells in regenerative therapies: a systematic review. Niger J Surg 2014; 20:1-8. [PMID: 24665194 PMCID: PMC3953626 DOI: 10.4103/1117-6806.127092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are primitive cells that can differentiate and regenerate organs in different parts of the body such as heart, bones, muscles and nervous system. This has been a field of great clinical interest with immense possibilities of using the stem cells in regeneration of human organ those are damaged due to disease, developmental defects and accident. The knowledge of stem cell technology is increasing quickly in all medical specialties and in dental field too. Stem cells of dental origin appears to hold the key to various cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine, but most avenues are in experimental stages and many procedures are undergoing standardization and validation. Long-term preservation of SHED cells or DPSC is becoming a popular consideration, similar to the banking of umbilical cord blood. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are the adult multipotent cells that reside in the cell rich zone of the dental pulp. The multipotent nature of these DPSCs may be utilized in both dental and medical applications. A systematic review of the literature was performed using various internet based search engines (PubMed, Medline Plus, Cochrane, Medknow, Ebsco, Science Direct, Hinari, WebMD, IndMed, Embase) using keywords like “dental pulp stem cells”, “regeneration”, “medical applications”, “tissue engineering”. DPSCs appears to be a promising innovation for the re-growth of tissues however, long term clinical studies need to be carried out that could establish some authentic guidelines in this perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramchandra Kabir
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, India
| | - Manish Gupta
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Avanti Aggarwal
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rajasthan Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, College of Dental Science and Hospital, Rau, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Anurag Sarin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Shree Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammed Zaheer Kola
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Salman bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj (KSA)
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